DiagnosisName the oral findingOrganismComplications

1

• Paramyxovirus

• Droplet spread

• Incubation 8-14/7

• Prodrome-coryza,cough,conjunctivitis

• Koplik’s spots

• Rash,fever

• Rx-symptomatic,antibiotics

Measles

• Respiratory• LTB• Bronchiolitis• pneumonia

• Ophthalmic• Conjunctivitis• keratitis

Complications: measles 1

• Ear• OM• Perforation• mastoiditis

• GI ● gastroenteritis

• CNS• febrile fit• Encephalomyelitis• SSPE

Complications: measles 2

2

Scarlet fever

• Gp A beta haemolytic strep.

• Incubation 2-4/7

• Fever

• Headache

• Sore throat

• High fever

• Tachycardia

• Rash:• Axillae• Groins to trunk• Limbs• Sandpaper appearance

• Circum-oral pallor

• Desquamation

• Strawberry tongue, white and red

Scarlet fever

Complications

• Cervical lymphadenitis, • OM, • sinusitis, pharyngeal abscess• Bacteraemia

• Pneumonia• pericarditis

• Late• Rheumatic fever• acute GN• erythema nodosum

• Rx-penicillin

3

Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum)]

Slapped-cheek appearance

Bright erythema appears over the cheeks

Erythematous eruption occur mainly on extremities

Occurs in the 3- 15 year age group

Polyarthropathy is a feature

Disease usually self limiting

4

Rubella

• Virus

• Incubation 14-21/7

• Rash-face to trunk then limbs

• Fine pink macules, coalesce

• Tender LN• postauricular• suboccipital• cervical

Rubella: complications 1

• Polyarthritis• Adults• Hands• wrists

• CNS• Encephalitis• Myelitis

• Thrombocytopaenia

• Infection up to 16/40 pregnancy• Early:

• abortion

• Later: • IUGR• Microcephaly• Microphthalmia• Cataract• CHD• deafness.

• Rx-symtomatic

Rubella: complications 2

MeningitisPetechial rash

Purpuric

Non blanching

Systemically unwell

Treatment

Antibiotics

Fluids

ITU (transfer)

Intubation

Contact tracing

5

Kawasaki Disease

6

Kawasaki Disease

•Acute febrile vasculitis syndrome of early childhood usually <5y.

• 5 criterion for diagnosis:• Fever for 5+ days• Polymorphous erythematous rash• Nonpurulent bilateral conjunctival injection• Oropharyngeal changes• Peripheral extremity changes

5 criterion for diagnosis:– Changes in lips and mouth– reddened, dry or cracked lips– strawberry tongue– Cervical lymphadenopathy

Kawasaki Disease

Management:

Refer for urgent paediatric assessment.

7

•Common <10y.•Incubation: 10-21 d•Rash +/- fever.

– Spots appear in crops on skin &mucus membranes

– progress from macule> papule>vesicle. – Appear for 5-7d. – Vesicles dry out and scab over (usually in <14d).

Chicken Pox

• Mx: supportive – Paracetamol– fluids – topical calamine lotion

• Complications: – Eczema herpeticum– Encephalitis– Pneumonia

Chicken Pox

Impetigo

Causative agent Staph. aureus.

Lesions• Honey coloured

• crusted

• erythematous

• macules

Commonly on face

spread rapidly

contagious

Mx:

Topical

General

8

Hand Foot and Mouth Disease

Common childhood illness

Mouth sores

fever

sore throat

Rash:• Small red spots

• intra orally

• Palms

• soles of feet

Resolves without scarring within 2 weeks

9