diagnosing psychopathology: dsm-iv

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DIAGNOSING PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: DSM-IV MORE HARM THAN GOOD?

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Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV. More harm than good?. DSM-IV-TR. The American Psychological Association developed the most widely used classification system for psychological disorders. The book is called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders. *IV=4 th edition 1994 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

DIAGNOSING PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: DSM-IVMORE HARM THAN GOOD?

Page 2: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

DSM-IV-TR• The American Psychological Association developed the most widely used classification system for psychological disorders.• The book is called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders.*IV=4th edition 1994**TR=Text revised 2000

DSM-5 MAY 2013!!!

Page 3: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

DSM-IV • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

DisordersResource to diagnose patients (only)Symptoms of everything considered to be

psychological disorder16 clinical syndromesWeakness: assumption / labeling of mental

illness based on symptoms…

Page 4: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

Classifying Psychological Disorders

Page 5: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV
Page 6: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

Classifying Psychological Disorders

Page 7: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

Classifying Psychological Disorders

Page 8: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

Classifying Psychological Disorders

Page 9: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

Classifying Psychological Disorders

Page 10: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

Classifying Psychological Disorders

Page 11: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

DANGERS OF LABELING

• Power of labels• Preconception can stigmatize

• Insanity label• Stereotypes of the mentally ill• Self-fulfilling prophecy• Rosenhan’s study…

Page 12: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

PROBLEMS WITH LABELING?

• A young psychologist, David Rosenhan, set up an experiment to see if mental hospitals could really detect someone with mental illness.

•He felt that terms like “sanity,” “insanity,” “schizophrenia,” “mental illness” and “abnormal” might have fuzzier boundaries and more fluid definitions than those in the medical world were giving them credit for.

Page 13: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

ROSENHAN EXPERIMENT• Rosenhan also suspected that some strange

behaviors seen in mental patients might originate in the abnormal atmosphere mental hospitals, rather than in the patients themselves. • To test these theories, Rosenhan and seven

collogues conducted the Rosenhan Experiment in the early 1970s.

David Rosenhan

Page 14: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

ROSENHAN STUDY• Dangers of labeling patients with disorders• 8 participants who faked symptoms• All acted completed normal except for

testifying to hearing voices (3 words)• All diagnosed with Schizophrenia and

discharged as “Schizophrenia in remission”• Average stay in institutions: 18 days

Page 15: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

EXPLAINING ROSENHAN• Rosenhan said that the mistaken diagnosis were most likely a result of the lack of time the doctors spent with the patients.

• Surprisingly, the other hospital patients readily detected the experiment. The pseudo-patients reported that the other patients regularly voiced their suspicions.

Page 16: Diagnosing Psychopathology: DSM-IV

SO… AGAIN, DO NOT DIAGNOSE!!

•At various moments, all of us feel, think or act the way disturbed

people do. We, too, get anxious, depressed, withdrawn,

suspicious, or deluded, just less intensely and more briefly.

• We are NOT psychologists or psychiatrists

• DO NOT attempt to diagnose yourself or people you know!