diabetes game
DESCRIPTION
Diabetes educational game for childrenTRANSCRIPT
Jessica Chang April Chu
Jennifer Lee Alicia Rodriguez
Diabetes Game – Water Sponge Fight
Learning Objectives:
1. Target audience: Children 8-15 years of age attending Texas Lions diabetes camp for (7/20/12 – 7/28/2012).
2. State what behaviors you want to change: Awareness and knowledge related to diabetes.
3. Goal: Our goal is to improve diabetes self-management behaviors. 4. Objective:
1. Increase knowledge and awareness regarding carbohydrate counting, meal planning, hypo- and hyper-glycemia, physical activity, diabetes complications, and insulin regimen.
Materials Needed:
• 4 Buckets with water • 12 Sponges • Scoring sheets (see attachment) • Disposable ponchos • 4 bells • Writing utensils • Game questions • Scissors • Tables (optional)
Resources and/or references used
1. Berube, B. (2012). Healthy food choices are key to diabetes care. [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from University of Texas Health Science Center BlackBoard.
2. Levesque, C. (2012). Pens, pumps, & kids. [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from University of Texas Health Science Center BlackBoard.
3. Texas Diabetes Council. (2010). Diabetes Toolkit: A Practitioner's Reference. Austin: Texas Diabetes Council.
4. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . (n.d.). Quiz for Teens with Diabetes. Retrieved July 16, 2012, from National Diabetes Education Program: http://www.ndep.nih.gov/teens/quiz-for-teens/index.htm
Use of colors, shapes, etc
• Each team can select a team color and a team name.
Description of the Game The children will be split into four teams. Each team will line up single file at the starting line. Tables with buckets with water and sponges and a bell for ringing in will be set up a short distance away from the starting point. There will also be a counselor for each team lined up after the table. At the start of the game the team mate at the head of the line will run to the table and ring their bell. The first team to ring their bell will get to choose the difficulty level of the question and have the opportunity to answer it. If correct, they will get to throw the wet sponges at the counselor. If incorrect, the remaining teams will have the opportunity to buzz in and answer. The team that throws the most sponges at the counselor will be the winning team. The difficulty of the questions will determine the number of sponges that will be thrown at the counselor. The questions may be worth 1 sponge (easy), 2 sponges (medium), or 3 sponges (hard). After each question, the intern will give a brief explanation of the correct answer and mark a tally on the scoring sheet (see attachment 1). The questions will be tailored to the following age groups:
• 8-9 years of age • 10-11 years of age • 12-13 years of age • 14-15 years of age
Modifications may easily be made in the game to match the needs of the group. For example, if enough counselors aren’t available for each group to have one, then only one counselor will be used and a tally can be kept to determine the winner. If there are a small number of kids participating, then the group may be split up in two teams instead of four.
Evaluation:
1. Utilization of input from Camp Supervisor: See attachment 2 2. Evaluation of Children’s Understanding of concepts presented: See attachment 3
(quiz for 8-11 age group) and 4 (quiz for 12-15 age group).
Quiz Questions: See attachment 5.
Presentation: See attachment 6.
Scoring Sheet (attachment 1) Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4
Total: Total: Total: Total: Note: Each sponge represents one tally mark. Place tally marks under the team that scores and sum them up for a grand total at the end of the game.
Utilization of input from Camp Supervisor (attachment 2)
1. Was the game useful? Yes No 2. Were the questions age-appropriate? Yes No 3. Would you use this game in the future? Yes No 4. What other questions would you like that were not included in the game?
5. Feedback:
Utilization of input from Camp Supervisor
1. Was the game useful? Yes No 2. Were the questions age-appropriate? Yes No 3. Would you use this game in the future? Yes No 4. What other questions would you like that were not included in the game?
5. Feedback:
Quiz Yourself! (attachment 3)
(Please circle the best answer)
1. One carbohydrate serving or choice is 15 grams of carbohydrate. Yes or No
2. Is it healthy for people with diabetes to skip meals? Yes or No
3. Which of the following is not a sign of hypoglycemia: a. Shaky b. Headache c. Grouchy d. Very awake and energetic
4. Why is physical activity important?
a. It has no effect on diabetes b. It gives me blisters on my feet c. It help lowers blood glucose and keeps body healthy
5. High blood sugar can impair the body’s ability to defend itself against infection.
True or False
(8-11)
Quiz Yourself! (attachment 4)
(Please circle the best answer)
1. There are 15 grams in 1 carbohydrate serving or choice. How many grams are in 3 carbohydrate serving or choice?
a. 100 grams b. 75 grams c. 45 grams d. 30 grams
2. Is it healthy for people with diabetes to skip meals? Yes or No
3. Which of the following is not a sign of hypoglycemia:
a. Shaky b. Headache c. Grouchy d. Very awake and energetic
4. I should drink a lot of water to avoid dehydration during an activity. Yes or No
5. High blood sugar can impair the body’s ability to defend itself against infection.
True or False
(12-15)
Game Questions (attachment 5) 8-11 age group Difficulty level: Easy
Instructions: Must ask bold questions.
1. True/False: Carbohydrate is a nutrient that will raise your blood sugar the most. • Correct answer: True. Nutrients are broken down into sugar. More
carbohydrate you eat, the higher blood sugar level. Eating consistent carbohydrate meals every day can help keep your blood sugar level in the normal range.
2. True/False: Carbohydrate gives our bodies energy. • Correct answer: True. Carbohydrate is a great source of energy for our
bodies.
3. How many grams is in 1 carbohydrate serving or choice? • Correct answer: 15 grams.
4. True/False: Eating too much carbohydrate at one time will make your blood
sugar level gets too high. • Correct answer: True. Eat the right amount of carbohydrate at meals and
snack times are important to keep the blood sugar level in balance.
5. How many balanced meals should you eat every day? • Correct answer: 3. You should eat balanced meal during breakfast, lunch
and dinner. Balanced meal also helps maintain a healthy body weight.
6. Yes/No: Is it healthy for people with diabetes to skip meals? • Correct answer: No. People with or without diabetes should not skip
meals. Skipping meals cause the blood sugar level fall below the normal range because there is not enough sugar in your blood.
7. Multiple choice: More healthy food choices lead to blood sugar in the target range, so less healthy food choices lead to ______ blood sugar level? (a) High (b) Medium (c) Low
• Correct answer: (a) High. Unhealthy foods usually contain more fat, sweet, and sodium. That is why less healthy food choices lead to high blood sugar level.
8. True/False: Half of your plate should be fruits and vegetables. • Correct answer: True. Make half of your plate with fruits and vegetables.
Fruits and vegetables are healthy for you, and try incorporating different colors of fruits and vegetables every meal to make your plate more appealing.
9. True/false: Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop below 70 mg/dL. • Correct Answer: True. Hypoglycemia means low blood sugar, which is
less than 70 mg/dL.
10. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a sign of hypoglycemia: (a) Shaky (b) Headache (c) Grouchy (d) Very awake and energetic
• Correct Answer: (d) Very awake and energetic. Hypoglycemia will cause you to feel tired or sleepy. Other symptoms include rapid heartbeats, feeling sweaty, hunger, poor concentration, and numbness or tingling around your mouth or tongue.
11. Fill in the blank: One way to prevent hypoglycemia is to avoid delaying or skipping “blank.”
• Correct Answer: Meals. Skipping meals decreases the amount of sugar in your blood, which can cause it to fall below normal levels. Following your meal plan will keep your insulin and blood sugar levels balanced.
12. True/false: Hyperglycemia is a state of high blood sugar. • Correct Answer: True. hyperglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels are
higher than 240 mg/dL.
13. True/false: Walking or other types of mild physical activity can help reduce hyperglycemia.
• Correct Answer: True. Mild physical activity can help lower blood sugar levels because the body uses that sugar for energy.
14. Multiple Choice: Which of the following scenarios can lead to hyperglycemia: (a) too much insulin, (b) too much food, or (c) drinking too much water.
• Correct Answer: (b) too much food. When you eat, your food is broken down and glucose is carried to different parts of your body by your blood. If you eat more than your insulin can handle, your blood sugar levels will rise.
15. Multiple Choice: Which of these counts as physical activity? (a) Watch TV, (b) Eat ice cream, (c) Eat potato chips, or (d) Playing tag outside.
• Correct Answer: (d) Playing tag outside. Physical activity can make you feel better if you are in a bad mood or stressed out. It also helps your body use blood sugar for energy. You don't have to play a sport or go to a gym. Ask your family members and friends to do something fun with you—take a walk after dinner instead of watching TV and playing video games, or put on a CD and dance. It's important to be active every day!
16. Multiple Choice: Why is physical activity important? (a) It has no effect on diabetes, (b) It gives me blisters on my feet, (c) It helps to lower blood glucose and keeps body healthy.
• Correct Answer: (c) It helps to lower blood glucose and keeps your body healthy. During exercise, your muscles will use up more glucose, which is needed as a source of energy, since they are doing more work. As a result, your blood sugar levels will reduce. Exercise also helps by reducing the amount of insulin (hormone produced by pancreas, which regulates glucose in your blood) required in those with type 2 diabetes, as the insulin sensitivity is increased. As a result, you may need lesser dose of diabetes medication.
17. Yes/No: I should stop the activity if I don’t feel well? • Correct Answer: Yes. You should stop exercising, if you start to sweat a
lot and feel shaky, hungry, or nervous. You may be low on your blood sugar. You should have a juice or candy immediately to make you feel better.
18. Yes/No: You should bring extra insulin supplies when you go on a trip.
• Correct Answer: Yes.
19. Yes/No: It is important to stay hydrated when it is hot outside. • Correct Answer: Yes.
20. Yes/No: Rest is NOT important when you go on a trip.
• Correct Answer: No. You should get lots of rest of sleep before and during a trip, and drink lots of water to prevent dehydration.
21. True/False: Diabetes makes your blood sugar to be low.
• Correct Answer: False. Diabetes causes your blood sugar to be too high. Your blood always has some glucose in it because your body needs glucose for energy. But having too much glucose in your blood isn’t healthy.
22. True/False. It is important to examine your shoes every day for anything that could hurt your feet, check your feet daily, and dry your feet very well.
• Correct Answer: True. These are a few tips for proper foot care. It is also important to keep your feet warm and dry, wash your feet daily, and keep toe nails even with the ends of your toes.
23. True/False: Diabetes protects your teeth from any harm. • Correct Answer: False. All people should floss and brush their teeth daily
and visit the dentists. But, people with diabetes should take special care of their teeth to avoid disease of the gums.
24. True/False: Glucose comes from the food we eat and our liver and muscles.
• Correct Answer: True. Glucose comes from the food you eat and is needed to fuel our bodies. Glucose is also stored in our liver and muscles.
25. Multiple Choice: What do you use to measure your blood sugar levels? (a) Glucometer. (b) Pedometer. (c) Thermometer. (d) All of the above can be used.
• Correct Answer: (a) Glucometer.
26. True/False. Insulin may be given to your body by using injections or a pump.
• Correct Answer: True.
8-11 age group Difficulty level: Medium
Instructions: Must ask bold questions.
1. Give an example of 1 carbohydrate serving of fruit. • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - 1 small apple, 1 small
orange, 15 grapes, ½ banana, 1 ¼ cup strawberries, 1 ¼ cups watermelon, 1 cup cantaloupe cubes, ½ cup fruit cocktail.
2. Where can you find carbohydrate information on a food package? • Correct answer: Nutrition/food label. Nutrition/food label provides nutrition
facts such as serving sizes, calories, total fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals, percent daily value, daily values footnote and calories per gram footnote.
3. Name 2 food groups that have carbohydrate? • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - Starch, fruit, milk, and
vegetable. They are all food groups that have carbohydrate.
4. True/False: People with diabetes can have soda, sweet and desserts. • Correct answer: True. People with diabetes can have small amount of
soda, sweet and desserts if they choose to, but not every day.
5. To plan a healthy meal, we should have foods from 5 food groups. They are grains, fruits, dairy, protein foods, and what else?
• Correct answer: Vegetables. We should eat the recommended amount of grains, fruits, dairy, protein foods, and vegetables every day to maintain a healthy eating habit.
6. True/False: All types of fat are bad for you. • Correct answer: False. Not all fats are bad for you. Fats in fish, nuts, and
avocados are considered healthy fats. You should focus on healthier fats when planning a meal.
7. Name two foods with unhealthy fats. • Correct answer: Any of the following are right: fried foods, desserts, red
meats, solid fats (butter, shortening, lard, and sour cream).
8. If you test your blood sugar, and it is below 70 mg/dL, what is 1 food with 15 grams of carbohydrate (sugar) that will quickly raise your blood sugar?
• Correct Answer: ½ cup juice or regular soda (caffeine-free), 5 sugar cubes, 1 small box of raisins, 6-7 hard candies (not sugar free), 3 glucose tablets, 8 oz. skim milk: these fast-acting carbs are broken down quickly, allowing the sugar to get into your blood as soon as possible. Wait 15 minutes after eating the food, then check your blood sugar. Repeat this process if your blood sugar is still low.
9. Multiple Choice: Hypoglycemia can be caused by which of the following: (a) Unplanned exercise (b) Taking the right amount of insulin (c) Following your meal plan
• Correct Answer: (a) Unplanned exercise. Exercise causes your blood sugar to drop because your body takes the sugar and uses it for energy. Check your blood sugar before you exercise and if it is below 100mg/dL, have a snack.
10. How many grams of sugar are in 1 glucose tablet? • Correct Answer: 5 grams per tablet. Take 3 tablets for 15 grams of
carbohydrate if your blood sugar is below 70 mg/dL.
11. Name 1 sign or symptom of hyperglycemia. • Correct Answer: Any of the following are correct:
o Thirstier than usual o Frequent urination o Blurred vision o Cuts or sores that are healing slowly o Hungrier than normal o More tired or sleepier than normal o Dry, itchy skin
12. True/false: when you are sick, have an infection, or are very stressed you can
become hyperglycemic. • Correct Answer: True. When you are sick, have an infection, or are very
stressed, your body releases “stress” hormones, which cause blood sugar to go up.
13. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a way to prevent hyperglycemia: (a) following your meal plan, (b) checking your blood sugar regularly, or (c) eating sugar-free ice cream
• Correct Answer: (c) eating sugar-free ice cream. Sugar-free ice cream is sweetened with sugar substitutes, but it is still a milk product that contains other forms of carbohydrate that can raise blood sugar levels. Check your nutrition facts labels for carbohydrates even if the food is labeled sugar-free or no sugar added.
14. Yes/No: I should drink a lot of water to avoid dehydration during an activity. • Correct Answer: Yes. It is good to drink plenty of fluid before, during,
and after exercise. You can get dehydrated while exercising, as your body uses more fluid. Dehydration can also affect your blood sugar levels, so it is better to drink more fluid in order to control your sugar levels and to prevent dehydration.
15. Multiple Choice: Which one these should I do which if my blood sugar is >250mg/dL before a physical activity? (a) Check my ketone level, (b) Drink water (c) Tell my teacher/parent, or (d) All of the above
• Correct Answer: (d) All of the above. If your blood sugar is >250mg/dL, do not exercise, check ketones, drink water, and tell your parents/teacher.
16. Multiple Choice: What should you eat if you have low blood sugar during an
activity? (a) Diet soda, (b) Chocolate Bar, (c) Banana, and (d) Peanut butter. • Correct Answer: (c) Banana. Low blood sugar should be treated with a
glucose tablet, juice, or fruit. Fruits does not have high fat or protein content so it is best to eat them if you have low blood sugar during an activity.
17. True/False: Insulin is produced by the kidneys.
• Correct Answer: False. Insulin is produced by the pancreas.
18. Multiple Choice: Which of the following parts of your body could be harmed if your diabetes is not controlled? (a) Eyes (b) Kidneys (c) Heart (d) Feet (e) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (e) All of the above. It is important to keep your blood sugar in a normal level so that these body parts stay healthy.
19. True/False: You should only test your blood sugar once per day. • Correct Answer: False. Monitoring your blood sugar helps keep it within a
healthy range. Your doctor might ask you to check it 3-4 times per day at the following times: First thing in the morning before eating, before meals, before going to bed, at 3 am, and before playing sports/PE class.
20. True/False: Insulin used to be made from animal sources. • Correct Answer: True. Even though in the US insulin is not produced from
animals anymore, before insulin used to be produced from the pancreas of pigs and cows.
8-11 age group Difficulty level: Hard Instructions: Must ask bold questions.
1. Name three food items under the starch food group. • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - potato (white or sweet),
cooked cereal or grits, bread, hamburger and hot dog bun, dinner roll, pasta, rice, and starch beans.
2. True/False: Glycemic index is used to measure how a food affects blood sugar levels.
• Correct answer: True. Food that raises your blood sugar more has a higher glycemic index. For example, french fries has a high glycemic index, compared to yogurt that has a lower glycemic index.
3. True/False: If you have diabetes, you should only eat small amounts of starchy foods.
• Correct answer: False. Starchy foods are part of healthy meal plan. The key is portion size. You should choose whole grain starchy foods. Whole grain starchy foods are also a good source of fiber, which helps keep your gut healthy.
4. True/False. Protein (meat) contains carbohydrate. • Correct answer: False. Protein (meat) does not contains carbohydrate.
Some protein sources are peanut butter, chicken, beef, pork, fish, cheese, and eggs.
5. There are 15 grams in 1 carbohydrate serving or choice. How many grams is in 2 carbohydrate serving or choice?
• Correct answer: 30 grams. 1 carbohydrate serving or choice equals to 15 grams. 2 carbohydrate serving or choice equals to 15 + 15, which is 30 grams.
6. True/False: People with diabetes should not eat at fast-food restaurants. • Correct answer: False. You may eat at fast-food restaurants, but not every
day. It is also important not to super size the food choices. Choose items that are in smaller serving size and healthier options. Meals that are healthy for people with diabetes are also good for everyone - friends and families.
7. Our bodies use food as fuel to provide energy. What are the three main sources of fuel?
• Correct answer: Carbohydrate, protein and fat. Our bodies convert these fuels into glucose for energy or store them as fat. Eating a balanced meal
with carbohydrate, protein and fat every day can help keep your blood sugar level in the normal range.
8. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a source of protein foods. (a) Lean meat. (b) potatoes (c)fat free milk. (d) All of the above.
• Correct answer: (b) Potatoes. Potatoes are considered a source of carbohydrate.
9. Choosing foods that are high in fat are unhealthy for your heart, can you name at least two high fat food items?
• Correct answer: Any of the followings are right - fried foods (potato chips, french fries), meat with high fat (fried chicken, hot dog, fatty hamburger patty), desserts (cookies, cakes, brownies, glazed donuts), and condiments (ranch, butter, mayonnaise).
10. Yes/No: If your blood sugar was low and you brought it back up to normal, should you have a snack if your next meal is over an hour away?
• Correct Answer: Yes. If you will not be eating again for an hour or more, you should have a snack, such as a peanut butter sandwich, cheese and crackers, or 1 cup of skim milk.
11. True/False: If you are hypoglycemic, you should eat 6-7 sugar-free hard candies because you do not want your blood sugar to jump up too fast.
• Correct Answer: False. Sugar-free hard candies have a sugar-substitute in them instead of sugar (glucose), so they will not bring your blood sugar up.
12. If you have a diabetic friend who has passed out because of hypoglycemia, which of the following substances should they be injected with: (a) insulin (b) glucagon (c) growth hormone.
• Correct Answer: (b) Glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone that signals the liver to release some of the glucose that it has stored.
13. True/false: Hyperglycemia cannot develop slowly. It always happens quickly and right after a large meal.
• Correct Answer: False. Hyperglycemia can develop slowly and blood sugar can continue to climb a little higher each day. It can also happen quickly after a large meal or illness.
14. True/false: Dawn phenomenon occurs when you eat a large breakfast early in the morning, causing your blood sugar to spike.
• Correct Answer: False. Dawn phenomenon refers to a rise in blood sugar around 4:00 to 8:00 am that occurs because your body needs more insulin at that time.
15. Multiple Choice: When you do not have enough insulin, your body cannot use the sugar that is in your blood. In this scenario, your body switches to which of the following for energy (a) stores of fat, (b) stores of water, or (c) nothing - the body can only use glucose for energy?
• Correct Answer: (a) stores of fat. When there is not enough insulin, the body will start converting fat into energy. This is a problem because the process of converting fat to energy produces ketones, which can cause coma and death if they continue to build up. This is referred to as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
16. Multiple Choice: How much physical activity do you need? (a) 1 hour of riding a
bike, (b) 30 minutes of playing tennis, (c) All of the above - just be active, (d) None - No activities is needed
• Correct Answer: (c) All of the above – just be active. Physical activity is important, so choose a sport you like and be active.
17. Yes/No: I could do physical activities if my blood glucose is between 120 and 250mg/dL.
• Correct Answer: Yes. You can do physical activity if your blood sugar is between 120 and 250mg/dL. It is dangerous to do physical activity if your blood sugar is lower than 120 or higher than 250mg/dL.
18. Yes/No: If my blood glucose is <100mg/dL before I start a physical activity, I should eat one carb (15g) of snack for every 30 minutes.
• Correct Answer: Yes.
19. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is important to keep your blood sugar in a healthy range: (a) Make healthy food choices and be active every day. (b) Stay at a healthy weight. (c) Take your medicine, if needed. (d) Check your blood glucose. (e) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (e) All of the above. The best way to keep your blood glucose close to your target range is to make healthy food choices, be active every day, and stay at a healthy weight. You also need to take your medicines (including insulin) and check your blood glucose as planned with your health care team.
20. True/False: High blood sugar can impair the body’s ability to defend itself against infection.
• Correct Answer: True. When our blood sugars do not stay in a healthy level, it is difficult for our bodies to heal and fight infection.
21. True/False: There are three main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and
gestational diabetes. • Correct Answer: True.
22. Multiple Choice: What is one of the things that insulin does in our body? (a) Helps convert the food we eat into fuel for energy. (b) Helps you run faster when playing with your friends. (c) Helps your body sleep better at night.
• Correct Answer: (A) Helps convert the food we eat into fuel for energy. Insulin also helps convert glucose/sugar as glycogen in the liver and promotes building protein and store body fat.
23. True/False: There are 5 types of insulin. • Correct Answer: True. The 5 types of insulin are: Rapid acting, short
acting, intermediate acting, long acting, and pre-mixed.
12-15 age group Difficulty level: Easy
Instructions: Must ask bold questions.
1. True/False. Carbohydrate counting is a meal planning technique for managing blood sugar level.
• Correct answer: True. Carbohydrate counting is meal planning technique for managing blood sugar level.
2. Name the three types of carbohydrate. • Correct answer: Starch, sugar and fiber. These are all types of
carbohydrate.
3. How many grams are in 1 carbohydrate serving or choice? • Correct answer: 15 grams.
4. Where can you find carbohydrate information on a food package?
• Correct answer: Nutrition/food label. Nutrition/food label provides nutrition facts.
5. Name two nutrition facts that appear in a nutrition/food label. • Correct Answer: Any of the following is right: serving size, calories, total
fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals, percent daily value, daily values footnote and calories per gram footnote.
6. True/False: Teens with diabetes cannot have soda, sweet and desserts. • Correct answer: False. Teens with diabetes can have a small amount of
soda, sweet and desserts if they choose to, but not every day.
7. There are 4 types of fat. Can you name at least one? • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - monounsaturated fat,
polyunsaturated fat, saturated fat and trans fat.
8. What type of fat is considered “unhealthy fat”? (hint: there are two of them) • Correct answer: saturated fat and trans fat. These type of fats are
unhealthy, we should stay away from them as much as possible. Some of the food sources of “bad fat” are butter, poultry skin, cream sauce, and processed foods.
9. True/False: Teens with diabetes should not eat at fast-food restaurants. • Correct answer: False. You may eat at fast-food restaurants, but not every
day. It is also important not to super size the food choices. Choose items that are in smaller serving size and healthier options. Meals that are healthy for teens with diabetes are also good for everyone - friends and families.
10. Fill in the blank: “Blank” occurs when blood sugar levels drop below 70 mg/dL. • Correct Answer: Hypoglycemia. hypoglycemia means low blood sugar
(<70 mg/dL). If left untreated, hypoglycemia can lead to seizures, coma, and death as blood sugar continues to fall. Check your blood sugar regularly, take your insulin as instructed, and don’t delay or skip meals to prevent hypoglycemia.
11. Name 3 signs or symptoms of hypoglycemia. • Correct Answer: Symptoms can vary by person, but they commonly
include shakiness, feeling tired or sleepy, feeling grouchy or irritable, rapid heartbeats, sweating, hunger, headache, poor concentration, and/or numbness or tingling around the mouth or tongue.
12. Name 1 way of preventing hypoglycemia. • Correct Answer: Any of the following are correct: Follow meal plans, don’t
delay or skip meals, monitor blood sugar regularly, and take insulin as directed.
13. True/false: Hyperglycemia occurs when your blood sugar levels are above 240 mg/dL
• Correct Answer: True. Hyperglycemia is defined as having blood sugar levels above 240 mg/dL
14. True/false: If you are hyperglycemic, insulin or medication is the only way to lower blood sugar levels.
• Correct Answer: False. mild physical activity, such as walking, is something you can do to help lower your blood sugar levels during hyperglycemia.
15. Name 2 causes of hyperglycemia. • Correct Answer: Any of the following are correct:
o Too much food o Not enough insulin o Physical inactivity o Infection o Stress o Illness
16. Multiple Choice: Why is exercising good for you? (a) Help improve insulin
sensitivity, (b) Lower risk of heart disease, (c) Reduce stress, or (d) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (d) All of the above.
17. Multiple Choice: Which of these would be considered as physical activity? (a) Swimming, (b) Shopping, (c) Dancing, (d) Walking up the stair, (e) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (e) All of the above. Physical activity can be many things. You don’t have to do a sport or go to the gym to stay physically active.
18. Yes/No: Do physical activities help you relieve stress. • Correct Answer: Yes. Stress is part of our daily live, and do physical
activities can help you relieve stress.
19. Multiple Choice: You should stop activity right away if you are feeling: (a) Pain in chest, arms, ears, jaws, or teeth, (b) Shortness of breath, (c) Nausea, (d) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (d) All of the above. You should stop exercising, if you start sweating excessively and feel shaky, hungry, or anxious. It is good to be aware of these symptoms. Be aware of a change in your heartbeat, feeling anxious or shaky, or sweating more than usual. You should have a juice or candy immediately to make you feel better.
20. Multiple Choice: What should you bring to do physical activity: (a) ID card, (b) Water, (c) Snacks, (d) Meter to check for blood glucose, (e) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (e) All of the above.
21. Yes/No: You should ALWAYS bring one week worth of extra diabetes supplies on top of what you will normally use.
• Correct Answer: Yes. If you are staying for 2 weeks, carry supplies for 3 weeks.
22. If you get a cut, what is the first thing you should do? • Correct Answer: Wash it with warm water and mild soap right away, and
apply antibiotic medication and bandage. Monitor it intently. Contact health care provider if there is pain, swelling, or heat after 3 days.
23. What is the effect of stress on blood sugar? • Correct Answer: Stress can increase blood sugar levels.
24. Multiple Choice: Diabetes causes your… (a) Blood sugar to be too low. (b) Blood
sugar to be too high. (c) Body to stop making blood sugar . • Correct Answer: (b) Diabetes causes your blood sugar to be too high.
Your blood always has some glucose in it because your body needs glucose for energy. But having too much glucose in your blood isn’t healthy.
25. True/False. It is important to examine your shoes every day for anything that could hurt your feet, check your feet daily, and dry your feet very well every day.
• Correct Answer: True. These are a few tips for proper foot care. It is also important to keep your feet warm and dry, wash your feet daily, and keep toe nails even with the ends of your toes.
26. True/False: Diabetes protects your teeth from any harm. • Correct Answer: False. All people should floss and brush their teeth daily
and visit the dentists. But, people with diabetes should take special care of their teeth to avoid disease of the gums.
27. Multiple Choice: Glucose is stored in what organ of our bodies: (a) Liver and Muscles (b) Pancreas and Kidneys (c) Muscles and Pancreas (d) Liver and Kidneys.
• Correct Answer: (a) Liver and muscles. Glucose comes from the food you eat and is needed to fuel our bodies. Glucose is also stored in our liver and muscles.
28. True/False: Insulin used to be made from animal sources. • Correct Answer: True. Even though in the US insulin is not produced from
animals anymore, before insulin used to be produced from the pancreas of pigs and cows.
29. What do you use to measure your blood sugar levels? • Correct Answer: A glucometer.
30. What may you use to give your body insulin? (Hint: there are two ways)
• Correct Answer: Daily injections and pump.
12-15 age group Difficulty level: Medium
Instructions: Must ask bold questions.
1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following food choices have most fiber in them? (a) White bread & pasta (b) Sweets & desserts (c)Whole grain products & fresh fruits and vegetables (d) Soda & sweetened beverages
• Correct answer: (c)Whole grain products & fresh fruits and vegetables. Fiber-rich carbohydrate like whole grain products, fresh fruits and vegetables are better for your health compare to white bread & pasta, sweets & desserts, and soda & sweetened beverages.
2. True/False. Carbohydrate exchange system is based on the weight of the food, not on the carbohydrate content.
• Correct answer: False. Carbohydrate exchange system is based on the carbohydrate content, not on the weight of the food.
3. Name three food items under the starch food group. • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - potato (white or sweet),
cooked cereal or grits, bread, hamburger and hot dog bun, dinner roll, pasta, rice, and starch beans.
4. Multiple Choice: Which food groups do not have carbohydrate? (a) Starch (b) Fruit (c)Protein/Meat (d) Vegetable (e) All of the above
• Correct answer: (c)Protein/Meat. Protein/meat food group do not have carbohydrate. Starchy, fruit, vegetables, and milk food groups all have carbohydrate.
5. Our bodies use food as fuel to provide energy. What are the three main sources of fuel?
• Correct answer: Carbohydrate, protein and fat. Our bodies convert these fuels into glucose for energy or store them as fat. Eating a balanced meal with carbohydrate, protein and fat every day can help keep your blood glucose level in the normal range.
6. Name three sources of good protein foods. • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - lean meat (fish and
seafood, white meat of poultry, poultry without skin or extra fat), egg, milk, cheese, yogurt, beans, and nuts. Protein helps build strong muscles and bones. Having protein in your meal help decrease the feelings of hunger.
7. True/False: Teens with diabetes need to eat special food? • Correct answer: False. Teens with diabetes do not need to eat special
food. A healthy meal plan for teens with diabetes is the same as healthy diet for anyone, which is low in fat, moderate salt and sugar, with meals based on whole grain foods, vegetables and fruits.
8. True/False: Eating unhealthy fat increases your chance of heart disease and stroke. Why?
• Correct answer: True, because fats are high in calories. To protect your heart, it is important to limit the amount of fat and the type of fat consume in our meals. Saturated and trans fats are high in fat, and they raise your cholesterol level, which can increase your chance of heart disease and stroke.
9. If you test your blood sugar, and it is below 70 mg/dL, what is 1 food with 15 grams of carbohydrate (sugar) that will quickly raise your blood sugar?
• Correct Answer: ½ cup juice or regular soda (caffeine-free), 5 sugar cubes, 1 small box of raisins, 6-7 hard candies (not sugar free), 3 glucose tablets, 8 oz. skim milk: these fast-acting carbohydrates are broken down quickly, allowing the sugar to get into your blood as soon as possible. Wait 15 minutes after eating the food, then check your blood sugar. Repeat this process if your blood sugar is still low.
10. Multiple Choice: Hypoglycemia can be caused by which of the following: (a) high intensity exercise, (b) infections, or (c) dehydration?
• Correct Answer: (a) high intensity exercise. During high intensity exercise, your body uses more glucose for energy, which results in lower levels in the blood.
11. Name 2 signs or symptoms of hyperglycemia. • Correct Answer: Any of the following are correct:
o Thirst o Frequent urination o Blurred vision o Cuts/sores that heal slowly o Hungrier than normal o Tired/sleepy - more than normal o Dry, itchy skin
12. Name 2 ways to prevent hyperglycemia.
• Correct Answer: Any of the following are correct: o Follow your meal plan o Check blood glucose levels regularly o Regular physical activity (as advised by your health care provider) o Take insulin/medications as prescribed
13. Yes/No: You should check your feet before and after exercise for any cuts.
• Correct Answer: Yes. You should always take good care of your feet: wear comfortable shoes and socks to exercise. Cuts on feet is hardest to detect and would take a long time to heal, sometimes it may even lead to infection if not properly taken care of.
14. Multiple Choice: Before you exercise, you should: (a) Check your blood glucose, (b) Have a snack nearby, (c) Have a meter to check blood glucose during exercise, (d) Bring a bottle of water, or (e) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (e) All of the above. To do physical activities safely, you should check your blood glucose before, during, and after exercise, and always keep a snack nearby. This will help you predict how your blood glucose will go and prevent low blood glucose after the physical activity.
15. Multiple Choice: When should I check my blood glucose when planning to do physical activity? (a) Before the physical activity, (b) Right after the physical activity, (c) 30 minutes after the physical activity, (d) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (d) All of the above. You should check your blood glucose before, during, right after, and 30 minutes after the exercise. To do physical activities safely, you should always check your blood glucose before, during, and after exercise.
16. Yes/No: Irregular eating time may cause changes in your blood sugar. • Correct Answer: Yes. Try to eat meals and snacks at the same time each
day. Avoid periods of when you are hungry and over-eating. The quantity and frequency of your food should remain similar each day depending on your physical activity level.
17. Multiple Choice: You should test your ketone level when: (a) Your blood sugar is >240mg/dL, (b) You are vomiting, (c) You have symptoms of high blood sugar (increased thirst, hunger, weight loss, increased urination, tiredness, stomach pain, fast breathing, fruity breathe), or (d) All of the above .
• Correct Answer: (d) All of the above.
18. What organ in the body produces insulin? • Correct Answer: The pancreas.
19. Name four body parts that could be harmed if your diabetes is not controlled? • Correct Answer: Eyes, kidneys, heart, teeth, and feet. It is important to
keep your blood glucose in a normal level so that these body parts stay healthy.
20. True/False: High blood sugar can impair the body’s ability to defend itself
against infection. • Correct Answer: True. Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to poor
circulation, which can impair healing, prevent proper nutrients and oxygen from reaching tissues resulting in slower wound healing.
21. Multiple Choice: When might it important to check your blood sugar? (a) First thing in the morning before eating.(b) Before every meal. (c) Before going to bed. (d) At 3 am. (e) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (e) All of the above. Monitoring your blood sugar helps keep it within a healthy range. Your doctor might ask you to check your blood glucose at these times and also before playing sports or doing physical activity.
12-15 age group Difficulty level: Hard
Instructions: Must ask bold questions.
1. There is 15 grams in 1 carbohydrate serving or choice. How many grams is in 3 carbohydrate serving or choice?
• Correct answer: 45 grams. 1 carbohydrate serving or choice is equal to 15 grams. 2 carbohydrate serving or choice is equal to 15 + 15, which is 30 grams. 3 carbohydrate serving or choice is equal to 15 + 15 + 15, which is = 45 grams.
2. Multiple Choice: In a nutrition/food label, what does total carbohydrate include? (a) grams of sugar (b) sugar alcohol (c)starch (d) dietary fiber (e) All of the above
• Correct answer: (e) All of the above. Total carbohydrate includes grams of sugar, sugar alcohol, starch, and dietary fiber in a nutrition/food label.
3. True/False: There are 15 grams of carbohydrate in 1 serving of vegetables. • Correct answer: False. One serving of vegetables is equal to 5 grams of
carbohydrates. It takes 3 times the vegetable intake to equal 15 grams of carbohydrate.
4. When you are reading a food label, how do you calculate the total grams of carbohydrate?
• Correct answer: Grams of total carbohydrate multiplied by number of servings. For example, if there is 5 grams of total carbohydrate and 2 servings. Then, the total grams of carbohydrate are 5 X 2, which is 10 total grams of carbohydrate.
5. Name all 5 food groups for meal planning. • Correct answer: Grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, and protein foods. It is
important to eat the recommended amount of grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, and protein foods every day to maintain a healthy eating habit.
6. Yes/No. Does fat affect blood sugar level? • Correct answer: No. Fat does not affect blood sugar level, but if you eat
foods that are high in “bad fat” (saturated fat and trans fat) then it will cause weight gain.
7. How much fruits and vegetables should you aim for during each meal? • Correct answer: Half of the plate should fill with fruits and vegetables. Try
to aim for 2 - 2 ½ cups of vegetables and 1 ½ - 2 cups of fruits a day.
8. What is the benefit of eating healthy choices? • Correct answer: Any of the following are right - gain energy, lead to better
health, live longer, lower blood sugar level, reduce risk of heart disease, reach a healthy weight.
9. Multiple Choice: Your blood sugar is low, so you have ½ cup of juice. You check your blood sugar 15 minutes later, and it is back to normal. If you have to wait an hour or more before you eat again, should you drink another: (a) ½ cup of juice, (b) eat a peanut butter sandwich (c) do nothing!
• Correct Answer: (b) Eat a peanut butter sandwich to make sure your blood sugar stays in the normal range until you eat again.
10. Multiple Choice: You should not eat sugar-free hard candies to treat hypoglycemia because (a) you do not want your blood sugar to jump up too fast, (b) they will lower your blood sugar even more, or (c) they do not contain sugar.
• Correct Answer: (c) they do not contain sugar. They are made with sugar-substitutes.
11. Multiple Choice: Glucagon is a hormone that signals release of stored glucose from the liver. Which of the following situations would it be appropriate to use this: (a) someone has passed out from hypoglycemia and cannot swallow, (b) your blood sugar levels are too high, or (c) you are on a diet and do not want to eat more calories
• Correct Answer: (a) Someone has passed out from hypoglycemia and cannot swallow.
12. What is the first thing you should do if you have ketones in the urine? (a) Rehydrate (b) take insulin (c) Re-test urine and blood sugar levels every 2-4 hours (d) Contact your parents or doctor.
• Correct Answer: (d) Contact your parents or doctor.
13. Multiple Choice: Which of the following are signs and symptoms of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: (a) blood sugar levels between 250 and 600 mg/dL, (b) fruity odor on your breath, (c) hyperventilation, or (d) all of the above
• Correct Answer: (d) all of the above. Signs and symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis include blood sugar levels between 250-600 mg/dL, fruity odor on the breath, hyperventilation, dehydration, fatigue, thirst, frequent urination, and ketones in the urine.
14. True/False: If Sally has type 1 diabetes and becomes hyperglycemic, it is okay for her to take other medications, such as metformin, instead of her prescribed insulin.
• Correct Answer: False. Diabetes medications work differently depending on the type of diabetes that they were made for. Type 1 diabetics have to have insulin to move sugar out of the bloodstream and into cells, so Metformin will not be okay for type 1 diabetes.
15. Fill in the blank: When your body does not have enough insulin, it switches to fat stores for energy. This is a problem because this process results in the production of “blank.”
• Correct Answer: Ketones. This process produces ketones. Build up of ketones can lead to coma and death.
16. What should you do if your blood glucose is <100mg/dL before exercising? • Correct Answer: Snack 1 carb (15g) for every 30 minutes
17. True/False: You should do physical activity if your blood sugar is higher than
250mg/dL. • Correct Answer: False. Doing physical activity when your blood glucose is
>250mg/dL may cause blood sugar to go even higher.
18. How much physical activity is recommended for each day? • Correct Answer: Any exercise would be great, but it is recommended to do
at least 30 to 60 minutes of physical activity each day.
19. Name three ways you can keep your blood sugar close to your target range. • Correct Answer: Could be any three of the following: make healthy food
choices, being active every day, stay at a healthy weight, take your medicine (if needed), and check your blood glucose. The best way to keep your blood glucose close to your target range is to make healthy food choices, be active every day, and stay at a healthy weight. You also need to take your medicines (including insulin) and check your blood glucose as planned with your health care team.
20. When diabetes management is hard to deal with, name three ways that could help you keep calm, have fun, and meet your goals.
• Correct Answer: Any of the following could be right: o Let your friends and family help you. o Set reasonable goals and try to work toward them. o Don’t feel guilty if you miss a day. o When you reach a goal, congratulate yourself on doing a good job. o Don’t look at all the things you should do – pick a reasonable
number of things to accomplish. o If you are having a problem keeping up with your program, tell your
health care provider o Think positively and don’t feel sorry for yourself o Don’t worry about what people think. o Any other applicable answer that the kids give.
21. Name three types of diabetes.
• Correct Answer: Type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
22. What does insulin help our bodies do? (a) Convert the food we eat into fuel for energy. (b) Convert glucose/sugar as glycogen in the liver. (c) Promotes building protein and store body fat. (d) All of the above.
• Correct Answer: (d) All of the above.
23. How many types of insulin are available? (Hint: number is between 3 and 5). • Correct Answer: 5 – rapid acting, short acting, intermediate acting, long
acting, and pre-mixed.
Presentation: For intern purposes only (attachment 6)
I. Introduction a. State your name, title b. Clearly state topic
i. Give description of the game ii. State the rules of the game
c. Gain attention of audience i. Ring bells to gain attention
II. Presentation a. Organize in a logical sequence
i. Set up the game area with the supplies following the description presented in the materials section above
ii. Make sure that the questions in the quizzes are asked during the game
b. Speak clearly when asking the questions i. Explain concepts if children do not understand the questions
c. Keep children engaged d. Involve all of the group