diabetes abcs diabetes care centers henry ford health systems
TRANSCRIPT
Diabetes ABCs
Diabetes Care Centers
Henry Ford Health Systems
Sobering Statistics for Diabetes
Every 24 hours another …. 4100 people are diagnosed with diabetes 230 diabetes-related amputations are performed 120 patients have kidney failure 55 cases of blindness are reported 810 die of complications associated with diabetes
For newly diagnosed patients …. Over half receive no formal diabetes education Physician office visits average 10 minutes or less
Signs of Diabetes
Frequent urinationurinationIncreased thirstthirstExtreme tirednesstirednessWeight lossWeight loss ( in spite of
increased appetite)Slow-healingSlow-healing infections
or woundsPain, numbness or
tingling in the feettingling in the feet
Risk Factors Contributing To Diabetes
Heredity
Overweight – causes insulin resistance
Age
Ethnic backgroundStresses – physical & emotional illness,
surgery, pregnancy, medications (steroids)
Injury to the pancreas (infections, injury, trauma, tumour and surgery)
Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes is Managed,But it Does Not Go Away
GOAL:
To maintain target blood
glucose
Blood Glucose Goals for Most People
Before meals 90-130
2 hours after meals
Less than 180
A1C Less than 7%
What makes blood glucose go up or down?
UPUP Too much food Skipped or not enough
diabetes medicine Illness Less activity than usualDOWNDOWN Not enough food Too much diabetes medicine Alcohol More activity than usual
Low Blood Sugar (Glucose)
What are the Warning Signs?What are the Warning Signs?Sweaty, shaky, or dizzyIrritable or confusedHungry HeadacheChanges in vision
Low blood glucose (or “hypoglycemia”) is when your blood glucose goes below 70 mg/dl.
Treatment of Low Blood Sugar
Check blood glucose, if possible, to be sure
that it is low.
Take 15 grams of carbohydrate.
Recheck blood glucose after 10 – 15 min.
Eat small snack, your next meal is more
than one hour away.
High Blood Sugar (Glucose)
High blood glucose or “hyperglycemia” is when your blood glucose is above your target goals.
What are the Warning Signs?What are the Warning Signs? Increase urination Increase thirst Dry skin & mouth Blurry vision
Treatment of High Blood Sugar
Treatment is based on cause
Take medication as usual.
Drink plenty of sugar-free fluids
Test your blood sugar & ketones (if >
300 mg/dl) every 4 hours until back to
usual range
A is for A1C
Average blood glucose over past 2-3 months Best way to measure overall glucose control Have it checked 2-4 times a year Target level: Less than 7%Less than 7% Your goal may be different
B is for Blood Pressure
Blood Pressure Goal
<120/80 mmHg
C is for Cholesterol
Total cholesterol
HDL (good)
LDL (bad)
< 180 mg/ dl
> 40 mg/dl
< 100 mg/dl
A 1 % reduction in blood cholesterol levels, reduces the risk of heart disease by 2%.
Basic Carbohydrate Counting
Calories from: carbohydrate protein fat
Each nutrient type affects blood sugar differently. Carbohydrate has the biggest effect on blood
sugar. TOTAL carbohydrate matters more than the source
(sugar or starch.)
D is for Diet
Sugar is NOT the Enemy
There is no justification for complete
restriction of sugar:
However, timing matters a lot with diabetes, and sometimes sugar (or any carbohydrate) is not a good choice at all.
Consider portion size.
What are carbohydrates?
Fruits and juice (SUGARS)Milk and yogurt (SUGARS)Bread, rice, pasta (STARCH )Starchy Vegetables (STARCH )Sugars, honey and syrup (SUGARS)
“Develop an Eye for Portion Size”
Plate Method of Portion Control
1 Carbohydrate Serving
Equals
15 grams carbohydrate
1 Carbohydrate Serving
1 slice bread or 1 cup milk
or 1/3 cup rice or 1 small apple=
= =
All count the same, all raise blood sugar
Carbohydrate Target
3 to 4 servings of milk, fruit or starch at each meal
or 45 - 60 grams carbohydrate at
each meal
Reading Food Labels
1.Serving Size
2.Total Carbohydrate
3.Dietary Fiber
4.Total Fat
5.Saturated/Trans Fat
6.Sodium
No exercise is more harmful for your health than smoking a pack of
cigarettes every day!
E is for Exercise
Benefits of Exercise
Blood sugar
Weight
Blood pressure
HDL, good cholesterol
Improves mood
Muscle
ADA Recommendations for Exercise
People with diabetes should be advised to perform at least 150 min/week of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity.
People with type 2 diabetes should be encouraged to perform resistance training three times per week.
Evaluation by doctor is recommended before an exercise program is started.
YOU can control Diabetes
1. Take your medicine
2. Count carbohydrates
3. Exercise
4. Check blood sugar
For additional information, please contact the Diabetes Care Center at
(800) 277-2740 or visit www.henryford.com/diabetes