dhule - district department of … - district department of agriculture and allied departments - 2 -...

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Government of Maharashtra

COMPREHENSIVE DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL PLAN

(C-DAP)

2012-2017

DHULE - DISTRICT

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

ALLIED DEPARTMENTS

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Contents

Chapter No. Particulars Page No.

List of Tables 4

List of Graphs & Figures 5

Executive Summary 6-11

Introduction

Agriculture

Horticulture

Watershed Development

Animal Husbandry Development

Fisheries Development

Sericulture Development

District Industries Development

Agricultural Marketing Development

Minor Irrigation Development

Public Private Partnership

Impact on Farmers Income

Budget Requirement

Consultation Process

Chapter-1 Introduction 12-19

The Background

The Process and Methodology

Chapter-2 General Description of the District 20-40

2.1: Introduction

2.2: Rainfall of the District

2.3: Allied Agriculture Activities

2.4: Development Strategy

Chapter-3 SWOT Analysis of the District 41-46

3.1: Introduction

3.2: Strengths

3.3: Weakness

3.4: Opportunities

3.5: Threats

3.6: SWOT and corresponding Response of Bijapur District

Chapter-4 Development of Agriculture Sector 47-94

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4.1: Introduction

4.2: Productivity Gap Analysis for the X Plan

4.3: crop wise Constraints and Strategies

4.4: Input Requirement in Agriculture sector

Chapter -5 Allied Agricultural Sectors 94-120

5.1: Introduction

5.2: Horticulture

5.3: Watershed Development

5.4: Animal Husbandry Development

5.5: Fisheries Development

5.6: Sericulture Development

5.7: District Industries Development

5.8: Agriculture Marketing Development

5.9: Social Forestry Development

5.10: Minor Irrigation Development

5.11: Co-operation Development

5.12: District credit Plan

Chapter-6 District Plan 121-126

6.1: Introduction

6.2: Growth Drivers

6.3: Innovative Interventions and Schemes

6.4: Vision for XI plan

6.5: District Plan

Annexure 128-129

Vision 130

CDAP stream I 131-141

CDAP stream II

CDAP stream III

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List of Tables

Table No. Title Page No.

Table No - 1 Block wise Area , Number of villages and Gram Panchayat 22

Table No - 2 Block wise Population 22

Table No - 3 wise Average Temperature, Relative humidity, Wind Velocity and Sunshine hours

26

Table No - 4 Land utilization statistics (2006-07) 27

Table No - 5 Block wise Farmers Categories in the District 28

Table No - 6 Block wise Area under Canal, Open wells, Tube/ Bore wells 29

Table No - 7 Sector wise district income. 29-30

Table No – 8 Villages selected for SWOT analysis exercise – 41

Table No – 9 Block wise Average Soil PH, EC and Organic Carbon Content 52

Table No – 10 Block wise Average Available NPK Content in soil 53

Table No - 11 Circle wise Soil Fertility Index 53

Table No - 12 Micro nutrients status of soils of Dhule districts 57

Table No - 13 Various crops grown in the district with important varieties grown. 58

Table No - 14 Crop wise area and seed requirement of the district 62

Table No - 15 Fertilizer utilization in 2005-06 and 2006-07 63

Table No – 16 N P K Consumption in Dhule District. (M.T.) 63

Table No – 17 Dams in the district 64

Table No – 18(a) Block wise Major Watershed, Sub and Micro watersheds with Area and Villages Covered.

64

Table No – 18(b) Potential, Achieved and Balance Watershed treatments in the District

72

Table No - 19 Availability of Machinery in Dhule district 73

Table No – 20 Organic farmers in Dhule district and area covered under certification

77

Table No - 21 Sale of organic cotton 77

Table No - 22 Sale of organic wheat 78

Table - 23 Recommended interventions with action plan and expected outcome 83

Table - 24 Animal productivity 99

Table - 25 Budget requirement year-wise (Rs. in lakh) 101

Table – 26 Targeted Growth Rate during XI five year plan period 102

Table – 27 Present status of Fishery societies 102

Table – 28 Fish production 103

Table – 29 Budget requirement year wise 106

Table – 30 Scheme wise projection of Social Forestry Development 107

Table – 31 Agriculture credit distribution during last Three years 113

Table - 32 Network of Primary Agriculture Co-op. Credit Societies in Dhule district (2006-07).

113

Table – 33 Average crop loan distribution in Dhule district By DCCC Bank. 113

Table – 34 Average crop loan Projections in Dhule district By NABARD 113

Table - 35 Recommended interventions for the district 119

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List of Graps & Figures

Graph No Title Page No

Graph No - 1 Educational qualification of Operational holders 23

Graph No - 2 Year wise Rainfall Received in the district 25

Graph No - 3 Farmer`s Categories in the District 28

Graph No - 4 Per capita income 31

Graph No - 5 Land Distribution Pattern in the District 48

Graph No - 6 Budget Requirement for the various sectors for the XI Plan (Rs. Lakh)

126

Consolidated Report CDAP – Dhule

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Executive Summary

Introduction

Dhule and jalgaon districts combinely called as KHANDESH. Previously they were

called as west and east khandesh. Khandesh is name derived from kanha ( god Krishna). i.s.

kanha-desh means area where lord Krishna resided. Each district has geographical and

cultural identity .It means khandesh is not related with only name ,but it is a culture.

Towards east jalgaon , west nandurbar , north mawla region of Madhya Pradesh and south

nagar districts are the adjoining regions with dhule district. Tapi, panzra, aner, burai are the

main rivers of the area. Fud mehod of irrigation (collective irrigation) is unique identity of

this area.Godess manumata, yahamogi, kanubai, sati devi, ekvira devi are godess of mass

people. To the north there are sahyadri ranges called satpuda ranges divides maharashtra

with Madhya Pradesh. Ahirani is mother tongue language of the district. This language is

mixture of gujarathi, hindi and marathi languages.

Newly organised district comprises dhule, sakri,shindkheda and shirpur are the tehsils

of district. This area is extended upto 210 nort to 22

0 31’ latitude and 73

0 34’ south-north

740 31’ longitude.geographical area of district is 4133 sq. km.Due to rainshadow area

majority area comes under drought proon area ,where annual rainfall is less than 750

mm.Vegetation is deciduous type. .

Agriculture is the main occupation of the dhule district. It provides livelihoods for the

vast majority of our

population.jowar,bajra,maize,groundnut,greengram,blackgram,redgram are the main kharif

crops. Wheat, gram are rabi crops.Banana, pomegranet, ber,papaya,lemon are main fruit

crops of the district. Onion , brinjal, chilli ,okra are main vegetable crops.Dondaicha is a

name of chilli variety derived from a city name dondaicha. The small industries based on

agriculture are handlooms, oil extraction industries, ginning mills,and sugar industries are

the main industries in district. Farming in dhule district is of small-scale type. Majority of

farmers depend on small-scale farming for their livelihoods. Most farm in rural areas, yet

agrowing number are urban farmers – producing a large proportion of the vegetables,

meat and dairy products consumed in the cities where they live. All of these farmers grow a

large percentage of the food consumed in their region. In fact, many crops are grown

mainly by small farmers. And some of these farmers are among the most efficient producers,

outdoing all others.

There is huge variety of small-scale farmers – a family living in the district. In spite of

the tremendous diversity, small-scale farmers share some common characteristics, such as


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being family-based, having a smaller size, and being engaged in a diversity of activities. They

have an important role in food production and in keeping rural area and communities

vibrant.

Yet, in many areas, most of the rural poor are small-scale farmers. For various

reasons, these farmers are not able to sustain their families by growing staples for their

subsistence needs alone. They may need to increase their cash income from their farms, or

seek a variety of income sources, with some members of the family moving elsewhere to

work.

Certain trends around the world work against the survival and sustainability of small-

scale farming. Support systems are not necessarily loaded in favour of small-scale farmers.

Pricing support, the issuing of land concessions, research, marketing systems are often

biased towards large agribusiness. In addition, natural resource systems are under pressure

and climate change adds to variability. These trends amplify the already risky and

unpredictable conditions under which small-scale farmers operate.

But because of the failure of the crops in the last few years there has been a loss in

the momentum which suggests need to shift in strategy. The present comprehensive

Agriculture policy after taking a careful note of the harsh realities backed by necessary

figures and statistics has stressed the need to act on the following aspects.

1.3 : Areas /Sectors which need to be addressed in the district Traditional crops ,varieties and cropping systems Traditionally ground nut, sesamum, greengram,short staple cotton were main crops farmers used to grow. Green gram followed by rabi jowar, groundnut followed by wheat were the cropping systems. In these systems lacal varieties had importance as they were adaptabile for lacal consumption and fodder requirement. Due to change or incorporation of industrial farming importance of traditional varieties is iroding.Hence it is very important to retain traditional knowledge, varieties,crop rotations, intercropping systems of local farmers.

Sr.no. Crop Traditional varieties

1 Green gram Local

2 Rice Bhowadya , chimansal

3 chilli Dondaicha, kali pandi.

4 Ground nut Ghungrya

5 cotton y-1, jyoti

Under utilization of barriages –

Two barriages name sulwade and prakasha are constructed on tapi river in dhule district. They are fully stored every year. But they are not utilized up to their potentials.

Rejuvenation of tapi khilar


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Tapi khilar is traditionally domesticated cattle breed from dhule district. Due to introduction cross breeding programme genotype of tapi khilar is eroding. It is very important to identify and retain genotype.

Buffalo rearing – Buffalo rearing was main occupation from Dhule district. Large section of gavli samaj is prevailing in district. Initially cooperatives were well established in district. It is important to reestablish cooperatives and strengthen basic concepts in buffalo rearing amongst growers.

Organic agriculture –

Farmers from dhule district have deep knowledge in organic agriculture. Agriculture + animal rearing is main system of agriculture from district. It is necessary to enter and expand business in organic farming. Fair trades and related sustainability initiatives. Since government of maharashtra initiated award name “ kushi bhushan “ in organic agriculture since then continuously every year farmers from district receiving this prestigious award. To strengthen base in district government awarded farm based training centre at wadne tal & dist dhule. This training centre is operated by krushibhushan farmer shri. Dilip ramdas patil . The organisation he formed is “ go sanjivani shashawat krushi wikas sanstha “ This organisation has following objectives.

Extension of biodynamic agriculture practices in farmers.

To promote organic agriculture.

To promote importance of local breed ( khandesh khillar) of cow.

To promote tree plantations.

To promote alternative marketing strategies of agriculture produce.

1.4 Various on-going programmes in the district – a brief contextual gist. presently there are various schemes are being implemented by department of agriculture.Which are sponsored by centre and state . Schemes of centrally sponsored are

National Mission on Agriculture Extension and Technology.

Sub mission on Agriculture Extension (SMAE)

Sub mission on seeds and Planting material (SMSP)

Sub mission on Agriculture Mechanization (SMAM)

Sub mission on Plant protection (SMPP)

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

Rainfed Agriculture Development (RAD)

On farm water management (OFWM)

Soil Health Management (SHM)

Climate change and sustainable Agriculture.

National food security Mission (NFSM)

Initiative for Nutritional Security through intensive millets promotion (INSIMP)

Integrated scheme of oilseeds, pulses, oilpalm and maize (ISOPOM)

Accelerated fodder development program (AFDA)

Technology Mission on cotton.

Centrally sponsored sugarcane Development scheme.

Rashtria Krushi Vikas Yojna

Crop Pest surveillance and Advisory Project (CROPSAP)

National Horticulture Mission

Integrated watershed development program (IWMP)


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State sponsored schemes

Employment Guaranty Based Horticulture Development Schemes (EGS)

1.6: Public Private Partnerships that can be envisaged in proposed plan :

Jain Irrigation and white onion – Jain irrigation is private company has base in jalgaon adjoining district to dhule . Company while doing business in irrigation projects, carries allied business like making white onion powder and its export, guava and mango processing etc. Company providing alternative science in onion cultivation. In this method company introduced sowing machine among farmers. Instead of plantation method now farmers following sowing method in onion cultivation. Jain v-5 and v-12 are varieties farmers growing now a days. These varieties have high total solubal salts (t.s.s.)and have origin of america. In this methods farmers assured rates from company. At present area under this method is 2000 getting benefits of increased production , reduction in cost of production and increased ha. Which needs to envisaged and needs to grow up to 5000 ha.

NUJIUIDU – NETAFIM PROJECT

Nuziveedu Seeds Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad intends to implement this project on 20000 acres across 7 Districts of Maharashtra (Jalgaon, Dhule, Yavatmal, Wardha, Aurangabad, Beed & Jalna)

NSL will provide critical agri inputs to the farmers and train and disseminate new practices about cotton. Out of 20000 Acres 2000 Acres is proposed for drip irrigation. NETAFIM Irrigation intends to install drip irrigation on 2000 Acres along with providing farmers training about fertigation and irrigation management.

During 2011-2012 Govt. of Maharashtra, under the aegis of ‘New Vision for Agriculture’ of ‘World Economic Forum’, has floated PPP (Public private partnership) project in agriculture, wherein private companies are encouraged to work with Department of Agriculture, to come with a project by coordinating with the related companies viz. agri input companies with a strong linkage with the procurement companies. The main objective of the PPP project is to increase yield and income enhancement by making the farmers to use advanced technologies in agriculture. The companies are advised to follow the measures as formulated by the department of Agriculture and as given earlier under this PPP project. The other major objective is to increase the efficiencies in the value chain of crops like cotton, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, maize etc. by having a strong procurement linkage. AS A RESPONSIBLE COMPANY ENGAGED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN MAHARASHTRA FOR

MORE THAN 20 YEARS THROUGH THE MODERN IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY LIKE DRIP IRRIGATION, NETAFIM INTENDS TO PARTICIPATE IN THE ABOVE PPP PROJECT BY WORKING WITH THE DEPARTMENT

OF AGRICULTURE IN ORDER TO ENHANCE THE CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND FARM INCOME. Initially 500 ha. area is selected for improvement . But this area can

be increased up to 10,000 ha per year .

PIONEER / METAHELIX CORN PROJECT


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Area under maize crop is increasing in district.Farmers . Presently 100% varieties utilised by farmers are from private sector. Private companies have their won research and development in various crops. this year 900 ha. is selected in the district.To improve yield and to build marketing chain , government of maharashtra initiated public-private partnership under rashtriya krushi wikas yojana (R.K.V.Y.). Objects of ppp in maize are as follows-

To improve yield of maize by using technology developed by private company.

Improve post harvest technology .

To improve value chain in maize.

To introduce alternative marketing strategies in maize. 1.7 Expected outcomes as a result of implementation of the plan

After implementation of plan , the following outcomes are expected 1. Increase of significance of small-scale farming and will provide a good livelihood for farmers. 2. Farmers will have learned to adapt changing climate. 3. At the end farmers will be more aware of designing of micro irrigation systems, use of soluble fertilizers. 4. There will be campaign in soil health improvement . 5. Food security particularly in pulses . 6.Energy level of farm mechanization will be up to 2 kilo vat/ ha. 7. There will be increased milk production per lactation particularly in buffalo.

Consultation Process:

As regards the consultation process the comprehensive Agriculture

Development Plan developed by bottom up process. Gram Panchayaths were

consulted and in taluk Panchayaths it was discussed and plan has been placed in The

District Planning Development Council committee of District on 2012.

Flow Chart of Consultation Process

Need based on

Gram Sabhas

Discussion with Gram Panchayath Presidents and members

Line Department at Gram Panchtat level

Krishi Pandit and Profession 1 farmers

Taluk Panchayath Non government Organisation

Taluk level line

Departments

ISEC and Mahatma Phule Agriculture University, Rahuri, Dist- Pune


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ISEC: Institute for Social and Economic Change

NGO: Non Government Organisation

G.P: Garm Panchayath

Zilla Panchayath All line Department


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Flow Chart of Consultation Process

ISEC: Institute for Social and Economic Change

NGO: Non Government Organisation

G.P: Garm Panchayath

Dhule 46 G.P

Bsavana Bagevadi 38

G.P

Indi 44 G.P Muddebihal 31 G.P

Bsavana Bagevadi Taluk Panchayath

Dhule Taluk Panchayath

Indi Taluk Panchayath

Zilla Panchayath Experts, Scientists, Krishi panditts and

progressive farmers

ISEC

Sindagi 40 G. P

Sindagi Taluk Panchayath

Muddebihal Taluk Panchayath

All concerned Line departments NGOs


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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background

In order to decentralize Agricultural planning in the country, the Planning Commission,

Government of India, has launched Pilot Project in the selected districts to reorient Agricultural

Planning at the district level to address agricultural productivity, livelihood issues and 'Participatory

Planning' through convergence strategies in the districts spread across varying agro-climatic regions.

A preliminary interface on the subject was organized on 8th September 2014 by the

Planning Commission at Yashada, Pune (M.S) for the western region comprised of four states

viz. Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan. The purpose was to accelerate the

process of preparation of district agricultural plans keeping in view the priorities emerging at the

district level through participatory grassroots level planning .

District Agriculture plan is developed by combined efforts of Department of Agriculture, Mahatma

Phule Agril. University (MPAU), Rahuri, Departments of Animal Husbandry, Fisheries, Dairy

Development, Sericulture, Forestry .

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

1) Orientation meeting at district level:

The First Orientation meeting on CDAP was called by the District Collector for all concerned

HODs and officials departments on 8th December 2014 at the Govt Nursery Pimpri Chalisgaon

Road Dhule. This was mainly to draw a broad framework for preparing the district level agriculture

plan for the Eleventh Five Year plan.

During the meeting a brief note on the proposed strategy / steps to be followed for

evolving the plan was also circulated and discussed in context of the district Dhule. Agricultural

Scientists of various faculty interpreted the baseline for the preparation of CDAP, based on the

reflection of the participants. Tentative activity plan was prepared.

2) Formation of small groups and developing the vision:

Based on the activity plan, the first step followed was to set vision and objectives of the

district Agricultural plan at the district level. To perform this, sector-wise 10 small study groups were

formed . Horticulture, Cereals, Pulses, Cash crop and Vegetables, Oilseeds, Food and fruit

processing, Crop Credit, Watershed development , Livestock, Dairy, Fisheries and Marketing.

These groups discussed and reflected on the critical issues and found out the production

gaps in the sector. During the Group Presentations. The Outcome of small sector wise groups was


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presented .. This process helped to have a common understanding on the planning and the target

to be achieved. The constraints in the Crop Productivity and probable intervention were discussed

as an outcome of these events. This is reflected in the CDAP Report.

3) Conducting participatory need assessment exercise:

After setting the District Vision the next step was to know the community perception and to

involve them in CDAP process. Hence Participatory Need Assessment Exercises were conducted in 9

villages of three Agro Ecological Zones located in 4 blocks jointly by Department of Agriculture and

AFPRO. The Villages were selected in consultation with Agriculture Department. The exercises were

carried during 2nd Fortnight of November 2014 till first fortnight of 5 th December 14

extensively.The dist & taluka committee member & ATMA were also participated in need assessment

exercise .

Process Adopted for Conducting Participatory Need Assessment Exercises in Villages:

The methodology adopted for the study involved both primary and the secondary data

collection. For collection of primary data, following participatory process was adopted in each

sample village. In each village two days exercise was conducted. During the two days following

activities were carried out.

i. Orientation Meeting:

In each village orientation meeting was

held with the villagers where the purpose of

Participatory Need Assessment Exercise was

explained in detail. It was shared with community

to understand that the District Agriculture

Planning process has been initiated in the District

and Dhule is selected as one of Pilot District out of

54 districts in the India for preparation of

Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan.

The plan should be focused on increasing an agricultural growth targeted at 4 percent per

annum during the plan period. As well as it would ensure that the local needs/crops/priorities are

better reflected in the agricultural plans of the District for fetching maximum returns to the farmers in

agriculture and allied sectors.

The main objective of the exercise is to facilitate development of Farmer Centric Need Based

Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (CDAP) for Dhule District by following Participatory

approaches. It was also shared that district Agriculture Officials has developed the vision and

identified the prioritized needs for Agriculture plans. This exercise would help to identify the actual

Orientation meeting in progress at Village Vinchur , Block Dhule


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needs of the people, key constraints and the probable s solutions for improvement of the identified

crops, cropping system and overall livelihood enhancement of the community.

For the Participatory Exercises it was requested that villagers should take active part as well

as spare their time for explaining their emerging issues tendering suggestions for increasing the

agriculture production as well as options for maximize returns to the farmers in Agriculture and

allied sectors

ii) Focused Group Discussion (FGD) on the Existing Agriculture

Situation:

FGDs were carried out along with the

representative groups in the villages. Emphasis was

given on understanding the profile of village ,broad

characteristics related to agriculture, markets, loaning

etc. It was ensured that, these discussions were held in

presence of village leaders, representation from different

strata of the society, grass root level Govt.and Non - Govt.

representatives, PRI members, etc. The FGD helped us in clearly identify the key reasons for

backwardness / development shortcomings and address issues impeding development.

iii) Focused Group Discussions (FGD) with Mahila Mandal and Self Help Group (SHG)

Representatives:

FGDs were also held with the Mahila Mandal and SHGs

representative groups in the villages. Emphasis was on

understanding the perceptions of women in Agriculture

development as they are more actively involved in all

farming operations. These FGDs helped us to identify the

key issues which require attention from women point of

view. The suggestions and options reflected by the

Women Groups are discussed in the emerging

issues.

iv) Group Exercise On Existing Farming Practices and

Economics of Crop Production:

The group exercise was conducted in which

discussion was held on the existing cropping pattern,

crop management practices followed and

economics of production of major crops cultivated in

village was worked out. Major focus was given on calendar of Agriculture operations followed,

FGD with farmers at Village

Malpur, Block Shindkheda ,Dhule

Farmers working on Economics of Crop

Production at Village Vinchur

Mahila actively participating in the FGD at Vinchur, Block Dhule


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external and internal inputs used, cost of production and marketing of farm produce. Constraint

faced and suggestions for increasing the production were discussed at length. The exercise helped

in understanding the existing agriculture situation and economics of crop cultivation.

v) Transact Walk:

The Major Issues related Land and water

resource management were emerged during the Focus

Group Discussion. In order to know the actual field

situation and status of Land and Water Resources the

transact walk was held to the sites and farmers fields

along with the village representatives. During the visit the

problems

related to the water resource management and

similarly possible suggested options were discussed at

length. The transact survey helped in understanding

the existing Land and water resource situation as well

as understating the suggested options of development

emerged from the community that would help in

increasing the Agriculture Production in village and in

the region.

vi) Mapping of the Existing Natural Resources :

In Order to know the existing Natural

Resource in the village, a resource-mapping exercise

was carried out with the villagers in participatory way.

The villagers were facilitated to draw the resource

map of village with local available materials like

Rangoli, Chalks etc. on the Ground. For this facilitation

was carried out by the Team members. The maps

drawn by

villagers depicted the natural resources like rivers,

streams, topography, existing soil and water

conservation structures on the streams, forest,

cultivable and waste lands etc.

vii) Dream Vision Mapping:

The main objective of conducting the

participatory exercises was developing the vision of

Community about development. The dream vision

Resource Mapping Exercise at Malpur Village

Farmers and PRA Team carrying out Transact walk at village Betawad ,

Block Shindkheda

Dream Vision Map Prepared by farmers at Malpur Tal.

Shindkheda


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mapping tool was used which is extension of Resource Mapping. Through this tool community

representatives were requested to think and develop a village map which they think emphasis was

given on Agriculture & allied sector Development. The discussion was held on the resource map

followed by making of the Agriculture development activities required by villagers. The issues

emerged were recorded. This exercise helped us to know the perception of villagers about the

various agriculture development activities required in the village.

viii) Household Survey:

A sample household survey was undertaken in each

village. A system of stratified random sampling was adopted

wherein a village was divided into four groups comprising of large

farmers, medium sized farmers, small and marginal farmers. A total

of 10-15 families were interviewed during the household survey.

The survey was designed to cover the demographic features,

health, education, land holding, agriculture, income and

expenditure, savings and credit, Cost benefit ratio etc. The survey

helped in understanding over all situation of different farmers and

verifying the issues emerged during discussions and participatory exercises.

ix) Concluding Meeting:

At the end concluding meeting was held with the villages and major issues emerged from

the Participatory Need Assessment Exercise was shared with the villagers for reconfirmation and

community consent.

4) Consolidation of findings emerged from PNAE:

The issues emerged from the PNAE exercises are reflected in CDAP Report. The PNAE

exercise and Expert group finding formed the basis for developing the farmer centered Need Based

CDAP.

5) Finalization of Formats Provided by National Development Council (NDC):

The 78 Formats developed by NDC were given as a guideline by State Government for

developing the plan. The Formats were given to respective departments for finalization. The format

has been filled in respective department considering the secondary and primary data.

Based on the NDC Formats, Outcome of Visioning process and Needs of community Emerged from PNAE (Participatory Need

Assessment Exercises) the Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan is prepared along with budgetary allocation. During the process of

data analysis and its compilation, AFPRO worked closely with the specialized staff of District Agriculture Department, The CDAP Report has

been prepared and same has also being discussed with District Collector.

House hold survey in process

at Domkani Village


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6) Steps in Progress: CDAP Report Finalization:

Reworking on Methodology and facilitation of PRA and Need Assessment Exercises at each

Gram Panchayat (GP)level as per new guidelines and manual suggested by Planning

Commission on 19 March 2008.

Constitution of formal committees at District, Block level and Gram Panchayat level as

suggested by Planning Commission.

Consolidation of GP level Plans at Block and District Level. Presently the plans are developed

base on Human and Institutional resources available with District Agriculture Department

considering the issues emerged from participatory Need assessment exercises.

Sharing the Progress made under CDAP in Dhule district with Planning Commission

members and Central and State Government Officials at Workshop on CDAP held at

Yashada, Pune

.

Discussions and guidance from Guardian Director Dr. P. V.Firke , Director of Horticulture,

M.S., Pune and Joint Director of Agriculture, Nasik Mr .R .B. Bali .

Discussion and finalization of draft CDAP with Director of Extension (DOE) and faculty

members of MPKV,Rahuri from16 th to 19 th July 2008 at Rahuri.

Finalization of CDAP Report as per suggestions of Planning Commission members.

Sharing of the Final CDAP among the committee members involving District, Block and

Community Representatives for seeking their suggestions.

Submission of CDAP in DPDC on 14 th August 2008,for approval

Submission of Final CDAP to State Government

Member of Dist. and block committee of ATMA were participated with there views

experiences of farming system SREP prepared before was also taken into consideration in

finalizing CDAP.


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Chapter II

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE DISTRICT

2.1. Introduction :

Dhule is adjoining district to the states gujarath and madhya pradesh.Thus dhule is called

belly of india joining north to south of india. Dhule District was divided into two districts Dhule and

Nandurbar in 1998 . Now District Dhule consists of four Blocks viz. Dhule, Sakri, Shirpur and

Shindkheda. The District of Dhule was previously known as WEST KHANDESH district. The ancient

name of this region was Ras ika.

Year ly fa irs are feature of khandesh. Fairs s tarts af t er khari f season and ends

with bebinning of khari f . Every fa ir place i s associated with temple of god or

goddess. Fa ir s tar ts at Aamli a tr ibal vi l lage in sakr i tahs i l around temple of god

Vishnu. Wikhran tal . Shindkheda around temple dwarkadhish,Chimthana near

pedkai mata mandir ,Boris in dhule tahsi l around sat idevi temple, Dhule around aai

Ekvira mandir , Patan ta l . Shindkheda near aashapur i temple. Shirpur rai r is

economical ly important for horse,bul locks , buffa lo market ing. Other fa irs are

important for exchanges of spices, farm implements.

Dhule is having 683 villages from the four District blocks Dhule, Sakri, Shirpur and

Shindkheda. The District is having one Municipal Corporation at Dhule and two Nagar Parishads at

Shirpur and Dondaicha respectively. Economically dhule, songir ,shindkheda ,nardana ,dondaicha

,shirpur boradi , sakri , pimpalner , and dahiwel are important cities in dhule districts. Socially in

satpuda ranges bhil ,pawra, and kokni tribal people live .In other places Maratha, gujar, gujarathi,

marwadi, jains , muslims,banjara live unanimously.2.84% population belongs to the rural area and

27.16% reside in urban area. Dhule and Shindkheda blocks are non tribal and Sakri and Shirpur

block comprises of partial tribal community. The District is having 6.39 % scheduled caste population

and 25.97% scheduled tribe population. Population wise literacy rate of the district is 72.8% out of

which 67.3% belong to the rural area. In the District, Dhule block is having maximum literacy rate

(78.1%) and minimum in Sakri block (61.7%).

Total geographical area of Dhule district is 8063.sq. km. Area occupied by the district in the

state is about 2.6 % which ranks on 19. Total forest area in the district is 208900 Ha which is about

28.50%. Total cultivable area in the district is 4.64 lakh ha and net cropped area is 4.16 Lakh ha. Out

of total net cropped area, 63.42% of land is used for cultivation of food grains and remaining for

non edible crops. Western plain zone, Western drought proon area zone, Western ghat zone

western submountain zone are the main agroclimatic regions we observe in dhule district. some

part of sakri taluka belongs western zone area where rainfall is 1200 mm and soils are red,


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light.Parts of sakri, whole dhule , shindkheda talukas come under D.P.A.P. area.The annual rainfall of

drougt proon area is 500mm.Soils are medium calcarious. Some part of shindkheda and shirpur

along tapi river belongs to bazada type of soils. Bazada type of soils are the deposits of floods.They

are rich in organic matter content hence are black in colour. They are called black cotton

soils.Shirpur tehsil is divided in to Plain assured rainfall zone as well as sub mountain zone where

soils are light.

Agro-Climatic Zones:

The major part of the district falls under Scarcity and Assured rainfall zone. The distribution

and the characteristic features of agro-climatic zone in district are as :-

1.Assured rainfall zone:

The assured rainfall zone comprises part of Shirpur Block with assured rainfall, which varies

from 700 to 900 mm and having medium to heavy soils. Approx. 29.32 % District geographical area

is under Assured rainfall Zone

2.Scarcity zone:

Scarcity Zone includes eastern part of Sakri, Dhule and Shindkheda blocks which receives

erratic rainfall up to 500 mm and having light to medium soils. Approx. 50.27 % district geographical

area is under Scarcity Zone.

3.Transition-II:

This zone includes Western part of Sakri `block having 700-1750 mm rainfall with light

medium soil. Approx. 20.39 % District geographical area is under Transition-II zone

Land Capability Classification:

Out of total geographical area in the district, 184139 ha of land comes under class II which

is suitable for the cultivation purpose, 192577 ha of land falls under Class III which is moderately

good for cultivation purpose 210734 ha of land comes under Class IV which is fairly good land and

suited for occasional cultivation, while 145495 ha of land comes under Class VI which is having

steep slopes, highly erosion prone with shallow soils and not suitable for agriculture purposes.

RIVER

Rivers in the district are Tapi, Panzra, Burai, Arunawati, Aner, Bori, Kan and Aru which are

prime water sources. Panzra river is having maximum length of 136 km in the district which flows

through Sakri, Dhule and Shindkheda blocks.It has its origin in western ghat called “galan” hills.It

joins tapi river in mudawad village ,shindkheda tehsil.Tapi is western flowing main river flows

through dhulr district. It has 60 km journey through the district. Major sulwade , prakasha barriages

are constructed on this river. Tapi river flows through Shindkheda, Shirpur blocks and later it enters

in Nandurbar district and get emerged into Ukai dam located in the Gujrat state. Burai is also main


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river of dhule district It originates in kondaibari hills of western ghats. Burai has journey of 77 km in

Shindkheda and Sakri tehsils, Arunawati and Aner 88 km in Shirpur.Aner river has origin in madhya

pradesh in satpuda ranges.Soils along aner are heavy soils.Bori 38 km in Dhule, Kan 35 km and Aru

32 gm flows in Sakri and Sindkheda block of the district. Panzara and Kan river in Sakri meet at

Bhadane village .

IRRIGATION

Area under irrigation in the district is 64900 ha out of which 83.68% area is irrigated from well’s and

remaining 16.32% area from surface sources. Total number of irrigation wells in the district are

84808(according to M.S.E.B.) There are medium projects constructed by department of irrigation.

They are amraoti in shindkheda which has 3292 ha.culturable command area. panzra project is

situated in sakri tehsil which has cca of 30009 ha, wadi-shewadi project lacated in shindkheda has

cca 7851ha, Wellknown sulwade barriage situated in shindkheda has cca of 8400 ha.Karwand

project is situated in shirpur tehsil has ccaof 7122 ha.Malangaon project is located in sakri tehsil

which has 2674 ha. cca. Kanoli project of dhule tehsil has 1813 cca.Aner project of shirpur tehsil has

7145 ha cca. Jamkhdi of sakri has cca 6270 ha. Sonwad project of dhule tehsil has 2147 ha. cca.

Major crops under irrigation are cotton , sugarcane,banana,papaya,maize,chilli and vegetable crops.

CROPS

Major Crops Cultivated in kharif season are jowar, bajra, maize, green gram, black

gram, tur, soyabean , sesamum , groundnut and cash crops like cotton and sugarcane,

where as in rabi major crops cultivated are wheat, gram, jowar, safflower and in summer

season groundnut and bajra are cultivated. Major fruit cultivation in the district are of ber,

custard apple, amla, lemon, pomegranate, mango, guava, papaya and banana .The

planting technology , supply of material and package of practices are standardized.

Optimum pruning in ber and pomegranate are standardized. In district , presently area

under horticulture is 41125ha.

Apart from agriculture there are processing industries contribute second occupation

. oil industries, ginning industries, fabric industries, starch factories,cattle feed industries are

subsidiary industries running in district.

Livestock

Agriculture economy in the district still dependent on the livestock. Farmers consider the cattle

as their valuable asset for the development of Agriculture. Livestock can be broadly classified into

bovine,ovine and poultry production. Bovine includes cattle and buffalos. Ovine includes sheeps

and goats while poultry comprises of ducks and pools. Poultry production in most of the families is

general trend and is a subsidiary occupation for them. However most of the birds are of local and


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non descriptive type. For the livestock development , artificial insemination, treatment, vaccination

castration, parasite control are the main works carried out by the institutes.

Extension activities like calf rearing, pashu pradarshan , pashu melawa, mass training

program are arranged by the department. Dairy development, poultry production, meat and wool

production through sheep and goat and fish production are the main agro based business

developed in the district. Livestock population in the district is approx. 13,30,907which include

6,22,219 milking cows,1,16,448 milking buffalos. Total sheeps and goats are 5,92,240 and poultry

birds are 3,74,000. Total fish production in the district is 1702 m. tones for which district is having 63

fishery development co-operatives formed by the 4442 members.

Primary sector contributes 2,88,138 lakhs rupees production. Secondary sector has 7,76,083 lakhs rupees While industries contribute 224230 lakhs rupees in production during year 2012-2013. Thus percentwise service sector has 60.23% , primary or agriculture sector has 22.36% and industries contributes 17.40% in production of district as per year 2011-12.

2.2. Location and Geographical Units

Dhule is located in northern side of Maharashtra state bounded by district Nandurbar in the

North-West, District Nashik in south and district Jalgaon in East. Dhule district has one major river-

basin i.e. Tapi-Basin. The district is covered by Satpuda hills range on the north. Elevation of the

district from mean sea level ranges from 180 to 215 m. Some of the worth visiting places in Dhule

are Aner dam ( Wildlife Sanctuary ) and Laling fort.

Dhule city is located about 340 Kms northeast of Mumbai while 350 Kms North of Pune.

Three National Highways namely NH-6 (Surat -Kolkata), NH-3 (Mumbai – Agra ) and SH-211 (Surat

– Solapur) and one State Highway-41 (Ankleshwar-Barhanpur ) are passing through the district.

Geographical Location:

The district is located at 200.38 to 210.61 N and longitude of 73050 to 75011E with altitude

of 180 to 250 meters above mean sea level (MSL).

2.3 Demographic Profile :

Population:

As per the census 2011, district population comparing to the state is 1.76 % which is

20,50,862. Total population comprising of 10.54 lakh males and 9.96 lakh females with male to

female population ratio is 1:0.94. The schedule caste and schedule tribe population of the district are

1.28 lakh (6.24%) and 6.47 lakh (31..54%) respectively .


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Table No. 1: Block wise Area , Number of villages and Gram Panchayat (Source-Dist-State -Dept) Block No. of Revenue

Villages Area

(sq.km.) No. of Gram Panchayats

Shirpur 146 2361.58 118

Shindkheda 142 1298.17 124

Sakri 225 2416.11 168

Dhule 168 1935.48 141

Total 681 8011.34 551

Table No. 2: Block wise Population Block Population (As per the 2011 Census)

Male Female Total S.C. S.T.

Shirpur 216247 205890 422137 22255 202826

Shindkheda

166510 156647 323157 23178 79347

Sakri 235997 228916 464913 16867 247970

Dhule 435277 405378 840655 65271 117172

Total 1054031 996831 2050862 127571 647315

Graph No. 1: Educational qualification of Operational holders

X = Qual i f i cat ion of Farmer .

Y = Number of Farmer .

According to the input survey done in 2000-01, out of total operational holders 22.13% holders are illiterates, 28.59% were studied up to 5th standard, 24.49% studied up to middle standard, 12.45% secondary passed, 6.17% competed Technical diploma below degree level and 3.10% holders were having graduation and above qualification.


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2.4 Topography and Agro climatic characteristics Natura l Features:

The major portion of the district is situated in the Tapi basin. The Tapi River flows through

Shirpur and Shindkheda block to Nanurbar district. Panzara, Burai, Arunavati, Aner, Bori, Kan and

Aaru are the subrivers of Tapi. River Panzara , Kan and Burai emerge from the Western Ghat area of

Sakri .

Forest:

The forest in the district is spread over 2,08,890 hectares which is 28.50% of district

geographical area. The major area in forest lies in Sakri block (35.27%), whereas least forest area is

in Shindkheda Block (7.60 percent). Three divisions working for the development of forest are West,

North and South Forest Development Corporation. The major commercial species like Teak,

Bomboo, Arjun, Mahua , Tendu,mango are the main species grow in this forest. Whereas the

important minor forest produces are Mahua flowers, tendu and palas leaves, Grass, Gum and Teak

wood. In 2012-13, total earnings from the forest was Rs 42.07 Lakh.

Soil:

The soils of the district are derived from trap rock to the south of Tapi river; while to the

north these are from the trap as well as sedimentary formations of the Satpuda ranges. The central

Tapi valley region is a fairly recent alluvium developed on the bed of lacustrine origin. The northern

part of the district has dark brown to yellowish brown soils of lighter type on the hill slopes, with

clayey deep soils of the Tapi valley to its south. Between the Tapi and Panzra river valleys comes the

belt of medium deep soils mostly, with interception of medium and shallower soils in scattered

patches, depending on the local conditions. Below the Panzra valley in the southern part of the

district, lies the area of shallow to medium soils as per local relief conditions

The major portion of the earth crust of the district has been synthesized from the igneous

rocks and the soils are black, medium black, shallow and calcareous type having different depths

and profiles. As regards the geographical area of the district, there are light and shallow soils (60%),

medium deep black soils (25%) and deep black soils (15%). Medium deep black soil spread over

Shindkheda, Sakri and western part of Dhule Block. The North part of district which lies on the bank

of Tapi river covers Shirpur and Shindkheda Block which has deep black soil.

Characteristics of the soils :

Light Soils 0 - 228.6 mm. (0".9").:

Lighter soils are largely with in northern and southern areas flanking on both sides of the

central Tapi valley. Soils are light loams to clay loams in texture with sub-angular blocky to

angular blocky in structure in the lower zone. In general these are low in fertility and require

judicious supply of manures and fertilizers.

Medium soils 228.6-457.2 mm. (9"-18"):


- 27 -

These soils are predominantly located in the southern and central zones of the district

below,- the Tapi valley in Dhule and Sakri areas with intervening narrow belts of fairly shallow

soils. The soils are dark brown to dark reddish brown in color with fairly good drainage, granular

to sub-angular, blocky in structure, loamy to clay loam in texture.

The soils in general are deficient in nitrogen, organic matter and phosphate contents

and therefore require adequate doses of the same for better harvest.

Medium deep soils 457.2 - 914.4 mm. (18"-36"):

These soils are fairly scattered in many smaller river valleys and local pockets, and largely

in Tapi and Panzra river valleys on the outer side of the valleys. The soils are clay loam to clayey in

texture with dark brown to very dark gray brown in color and sub-angular blocky to angular

blocky in structure. Application of manures and fertilizers is needed for these nutrients as per local

conditions for better returns.

Deep soils more than 914.4 mm. (36"):

These soils are mostly in the valleys of Tapi and Panzara. Besides a few scattered local

patches are sandy clay loam to clayey in texture with clay percentage upto 60.0 per cent at the

highest and 40-55 per cent in general for most soils. Structure varies from sub-angular blocky to

angular blocky with dark gray brown to very dark gray brown color.

The special characteristic is that the sub-soil layers have diminishing clay percentage upto

certain depth 1.219 to 1.524 metres (4 to 5 ft.) particularly in the Tapi valley. Organic matter

contents are very low varying from 0.12 to 0.37 per cent. In general the soils are more deficient in

nitrogen and organic matter contents and need more manures and fertilizers to supply the same.

Climate:

The district is characterized by warm and dry climate in June to September and later on

there is a gradual decline in the temperature from October to February which leads to dry and cool

weather. District receives an annual average rainfall of 391.20 mm and number of rainy days

recorded were 29 in a year 2012.The average rainfall of the district is 592 mm spreading over a

period of 39 to 52 rainy days.

District gets rainfall mostly from the south west monsoon during the month of June to

October, occasional rain in the month of May and scanty rains in the month of November. Rainfall

all over the district is not uniform and varies from place to place. Sakri gets minimum average rainfall

of 532 mm followed by Shindkheda 707 mm, Shirpur 792 mm and Dhule 841 mm. Rainfall in the

district is main factor which determines the cropping pattern and agricultural operations in the

district.


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Graph No. 2 : Year wise Rainfall Received in the district

In the month of October the temperature ranges between 350C and 400C. The average

maximum and minimum temperature of the district is 450C and 60C respectively. March, April and

May are the hot and dry months.

Rainfall Data

Year Rainfall (c m) Rainy Days

2010 593.00 37

2011 538.50 35

2012 391.20 29

2013 882.20 45

2014 555.00 45


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Table No:3 Block wise Average Temperature, Relative humidity,Wind Velocity and Sunshine hours

TABLE NO. 2C WEATHER INFORMATION OF DHULE DISTRICT

Wind Velocity and Sunshine hoursBlock wise Average Tempaerture, Relative humidity,

Sr.

Name of

Block

Temperature (C) Relative Humidity(%)

Wind Velocity (km/hr

Sunshine hours(hr)

2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011 Kharif Rabi

Sum mer

Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max 200

9 201

0 201

1 2009 201

0 2011

1 Jan. 13.2 31 11.5 28.3

10.5 28.3 25 74 32 81 24 78 2.6 2.4 2.7 6.9 7.7 7.9

2 Feb. 14.9 34.3 15.9 31.8

14.8 32.1 16 58 25 68 21 65 3.6 3 3.6 8.3 6.9 8.4

3 Mar. 18.9 38.1 19.2 37.7

18.3 37.2 12 44 14 51 14 45 4.3 4 4.2 8.6 8.4 9

4 April 25.5 41.4 23.6 42

24.4 40.2 9 31 11 42 12 42.8 5.2 5.6 5.2 8.3 8.8 8.8

5 May 24.7 42 27.1 42.6

27.1 41.1 9 55 21 53 18 49 7.5 8.1 7.9 8.6 8.4 8.6

6 June 25.4 39.1 26.9 37.8

26.6 36.9 30 65 42 72 39 65 7.3 6.6 8.3 7.5 5.8 4.9

7 July 23.6 31.7 25.9 32.5

24.9 32.2 61 82 63 84 58 80 5 4.3 5.3 2.2 3.1 2.2

8 Aug. 22.5 32.6 24.2 31.4

24.3 30.5 55 83 67 88 69 86 4.1 3.1 3.7 3.6 2.4 2

9 Sep. 23.1 33.7 23.9 31.8

23.3 32.2 49 84 60 88 55 85 4.2 2.7 2.6 6.6 4.4 4.7

10 Oct. 18.6 34.2 22.4 34.3

20.3 34.7 29 73 37 84 32 76 3.2 2.9 1.8 8 6.3 8

11 Nov. 16.3 29.8 21.2 31.9

15.7 33.5 45 83 47 86 24 69 2.6 2.7 2 6.1 6.2 8.3

12 Dec 13.8 29.4 13.3 28.4

12.8 31.1 38 88 34 83 24 76 2 2.4 2.2 6.9 7.2 7.8


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2.5 Land use pattern and Land Holding :

Agriculture and Forest land contributes to the major portion of the district land utilization.

Out of total geographical area of 8063 sq. km, 4.64 lakh ha (63.42%) land was available for

cultivation in 2010-11. From the total cultivable area 78 % area is under net sown and 5.64 % area is

cultivable more than once. Nearly 61% of edible crops and 39% non-edible crops are grown in the

district. Pulses are grown on 11% and cash crops (sugarcane, cotton) and oilseed crops are taken

on 40 % of the total cultivable area. Out of total 2.54 lakh ha land used for food grain, 40% area is

under bajra crop which is followed by kharif jowar on an about 15 % area.

There are 2.95 lakh land holders covering an area of 7.34 lakh hectares where about 56

percent of them are holding the land below 2.00 hectares, while less than 2 percent farmers are big

land holders with land above 10 hectares.The details of land utilization pattern and land holding

pattern as follows.

Land holding:

The number of farmers in the district are 2,30,216 / 229793 having total area of 4,19,243

ha. The district is having 34.61 % marginal farmers, 35.63 % small farmers, 21.32 % semi medium

farmers, 7.86 % medium farmers and 0.58 % large farmers.

Table No : 4 Land utilization statistics (2011-12)

Area (ha) Percent (%)

Total geographical area 806300 100

Forest area 209000 25.08

Area suitable for cultivation 464800 55.78

Area not suitable for cultivation 61000 7.32

Fallow land 24000 2.88

Gross area under cropping 416000 49.92

Net area under cropping 394000 47.28

Double cropped area 22000 2.64

Gross irrigated area 48000 5.76

Net irrigated area 33000 3.96

Ratio : Gross Irrigated Area to Gross Cultivable area (%) : 11.53

Net Irrigated Area to Net cultivable Area (%) : 8.37


- 31 -

Table No. 5 : Block wise Farmers Categories in the District

Taluka

Marginal Farmers

Small Farmers Semi-med. Farmers

Medium farmers Large farmers Total

No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No Area

Dhule 29128 16674 24470 34116 12812 35110 5070 28750 400 7370 71880 122021

Shirpur 9755 6552 12309 18064 6464 17420 2224 12134 110 1632 30862 55802

Sakri 20914 12803 25519 36939 18859 47873 6524 37381 452 7174 72268 142170

Shindkheda 19883 12397 19736 27791 10952 29460 4271 24366 364 5237 55206 99251

Total 79680 48428 82034 116910

49087 129862

18089 102630

1326 21413 230216

419243

Percent 34.61 11.55 35.63 27.88 21.32 30.97 7.86 24.47 0.58 5.10 100 100

Table No. 5 : Disrict wise Farmers Categories in the District

Dist Marginal Farmers

Small Farmers Semi-med. Farmers

Medium farmers Large farmers Total

No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No Area Dhule 79552 48355 81979 11683

0 56807 16525

8 10251 66645 1204 17077 22979

3 414165

2.6 Irr igat ion and Ground water:

Out of total cultivated area of 4.64 Lakh ha 41892 hectare (9.01%) area is under gross

irrigation. Net irrigated area is the district is 32952 ha (8.25%) out of which 83.68% area irrigates

from well’s and remaining 16.32% area from surface sources. Total number of irrigation well’s in the

district is 25729. The district has electrically operated irrigation pumps to the tune of 26835 and

1998 diesel engine are being operated to provide assured irrigation.

Table 10: Source wise Area Irrigated (Latest data ) (Area in hectares)

Taluk Canals (Area)

Open Wells Tube/Bore wells

Lift Irrigation Total

Area Nos. Area Nos. Area Nos. Area Area

Dhule 4999 4983 6716 26 16 695 1300 13031

Sakri 2131 7670 10898 323 170 702 1400 14599

Shirpur 3561 5414 10936 2996 3735 44 82 18314

Shindkheda 229 4170 6620 147 156 644 1200 8205

10920 22237 35170 3492 4077 2085 3982 54149

Source :


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2.7 District Income (2011-12):

District income mainly depends upon the sectors categorized in Primary, Secondary and

Tertiary. In primary sector major fields that have supported district income includes Agriculture,

Forest, Fishery and Mines. In secondary sector, industries, construction of various infrastructures,

electricity, gas and water supply facilities have contributed to support the district income. In tertiary

sector major income is from business and hotels, banking and insurance, communication facilities

like telephone, post offices, roads, railway, and transportation supplemented the district income.

Total net income of the district from all these sectors is Rs 1288453 lakhs having per capita

income of Rs 66,140/- where as per capita income of the state is Rs 95,339/-. Hence district is still

lagging behind to the state per capita income but however progress made by the district in last few

years indicates the yearly average 13.64% increase in the per capita income. Maximum district

income is from business and hotels followed by the agriculture sector.

Table No.7 Sector wise district income. Year-2011-12

Sr Sector Gross district income

‘Lakh’

Net district income

‘Lakh’

Primary sector

1.1 Agriculture 260091 241773

1.2 Forest 45721 45136

1.3 Fishery 1446 1229

1.4 Mines 0 0

Sub Total 307259 288138

Secondary Sector

2.1 Registered industries 58088 46120

2.2 Non Registered Industries 67197 60694

2.3 Construction 93073 88270

2.4 Electricity, Gas, Water Supply 53261 29145

Sub Total 271619 224230

Tertiary Sector

3.1 Railway 1972 1700

3.2 Transportation and Storage 69126 60948

3.3 Communication facilities 13638 10919

3.4 Business and Hotels 232168 222898

3.5 Banking and Insurance 137478 135318

3.6 Business services 176916 161635

3.7 Community Administration 71410 60154

3.8 Other services 131758 121947

3.9 Goduan 614 560


- 33 -

Sub Total 835083 776083

Total District Income 1413963 1288452

District Per Capita Income (Rs) – - 66139

Total state Income 119954764 108275133

State Per Capita Income (Rs) – - 95339

Ratio of Total district income to the state income

1.18 1.19

Ratio of per capita income of district to the state per capita income .

13.69 13.64

Per capita income of the district for the year 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 was Rs 47255/-,

Rs.58574/- and Rs .66140/- respectively. Year wise per capita income revels that there is 19.32 % and

11.43% increase in the per capita income of the district in the year 2010-11 and 2011-12.

Graph No. 4 : Per capita income

2.9 Development Vision and Strategy

The district has made impressive work in the agriculture front. During the last 8 to 10 years

much of the credit for this success should go to the several small farmers families, that forms the

back bone of the district agriculture and economy. Policy support production, storage, public

investment infrastructure, research and extension for crop, livestock and fisheries have significantly

helped to increase the food production and its availability. During the last year all the increase in the

production resulted from yield gains rather than the expansion of cultivated area. Availability of food

grains per person increased from 452 gm / capita / day to over 476 gm / capita / day.

Increased agriculture productivity and rapid industrial growth in the resent years have

contributed to a significant reduction in poverty level.


- 34 -

The population pressure on resources are high to meet its food and development needs.

The natural resource base of land, water and bio diversity is under severe pressure. The massive

increase in population demand an extra demand of food grains annually besides significant increase

needed in the supply of livestock, fish and horticulture products.

Vast uncommon opportunities to harness agriculture potential still remain, which can be

tapped to achieve further targets. There are serious gaps both in yield potential and technology

transfer as the district average yield of most of the commodities are low, which if addressed properly

could be harnessed.

Concentration must be on enhancing production of a few commodities like rice and wheat.

Further increase in the production of cereals and non cereal agriculture commodities will have to be

essentially achieved through increase in productivity as the possibilities of expansion of area are

minimal. Farmers must be provided the necessary support, encouragement and incentives it must

focus both on income and greater on farm and off farm job and livelihood opportunities.

A. Main issues :

In the priority setting the following are the emerging issues for sustainable agriculture

development and poverty alleviation:

a) Population pressure.

b) Resource base degradation and water scarcity.

c) Investment in agriculture and structural adjustment and impact on poor / small farmer.

d) Globalization

e) Modern science and technology and support to research and technology development.

f) Rabid urbanization

g) Focus on creating opportunities for farmers to enhance there net income to a respectable

level.

h) Promotion of public private partnerships in agriculture.

i) To increase area under micro irrigation by the promotion of drip and sprinkler irrigation

j) Post harvest technology and agro processing to be given additional thrust.

k) Development of future market for major commodities by private sector.

B. Uncommon opportunities :

a) Conservation of natural resources and protection of environment.

b) Vast untapped potential of our soil, water resources and farming systems.

c) Technology revolution in different fields. (to increase production and productivity)

( To increase production & productivity )

d) Revolution informatics and communication and the opportunity of linking farmers,

extension worked and scientists .

e) Enhancing the area under organic farming.

f) To increase active involvement of self help group.

g) Farm mechanization.

Challenges policies and strategies :


- 35 -

Enhancing yield of major commodities.

Yield of major corps and live stock in the region is much lower than that of the sate,

expansion of cultivated area is almost closed, the further increase in food productivity to meet the

high demand must come from increase in yield. There is need to strengthen adoptive research and

technology assessment so that the existing wide technology transfer gaps are bridged, for this an

appropriate network of extension service needs to be created to stimulate and encourage both top -

down and bottom - up flows of information between farmers, extension workers and research

scientist to promote the adoption and evaluation of location specific farm technologies.

Agronomic and soil researches on the region need to be intensified to address location

specific problems as productivity growth is decreasing in major production region.

Cotton :-

The current prices in cotton revolves around the main issue, such as rising cost of

production, high use of pesticides, without adequate pest suppression, in ability to an hance

production due to

ineffective water management, deterioration in genetic purity, inadequate price support and paucity

of infrastructure to ensure value addition products at the farmers level.

High external input base cropping has degraded the soil – water system, depleted soil

organic carbon stock, fertility of soil has leed to secondary salination and water logging. It has

become difficult to win away the farmers addicted to the cons taint use of insecticides inspite of

sincere efforts by the farm universities and extension workers. Reduction of farm cost in the

production of cotton fiber through organic residue recycling and composition is an attractive off

season activity of the farm families. This would make the production system environmentally safe

and reduce dependence of off farm inputs. The bio control base IPM can be effectively used to

handle the pest scenario. This would increase the productivity, reduce cost of production and

would be more eco friendly.

Maize :-

This crop could be brought under the year round production which would further give

boost to sustain high production. Maize does possess tremendous potential in terms of feeds for

diary, poultry, piggery agro industries. Diversified use of maize for starch industry corn oil

production would provide the much needed impetus to the growth of maize.

Pearl millet and sorghum :-

Compared to the potential of pearl millet and sorghum limited efforts have been made to

exploit their full potential. These crops have not only proven there potential in drought prone areas

but have also displayed their enormous response in high managements conditions. Pearl millet is

now popular as a regular summer crop and also perceived as minor dry land crop. It is grown in

both Kharif and summer as food, feed, forage and industrial raw material. Sorghum in particular has

demand in industry as animal feed and alcohol distillates and starch industries.

Pulses :-


- 36 -

Pulses constitute an important in gradient in the human diet, the concentrated efforts are to

be made to enhance the production an productivety of plulses which will in term ensure more

availability of per capita of pulses.

Introduction of pulses in cerals base cropping system will add to the sustainability of these

systems by ensuring both nitrogen, economic and improved, soil health. Different pulses can fix

huge amount of nitrogen through symbiosis and thus minimize dependency on chemical fertilizers,

which leed to environmental pollution.

Forest cover must be preserved to keep off climatic disturbances and to provide enough fuel

and fodder, milk meal and draught capacity of our animal needs to be improved through better

management practices.

Integrated nutrient management :

Attention should be given to balanced use of nutrient organic carbon deficiency is now the

most widespread soil fertility problem in both irrigated and unirrigated areas. Correcting the

imbalance in the use of primary plant nutrients i.e nitrogen, phosphors and potash and use of bio

fertilizers. To improve the efficiency of fertilizer use enhanced location specific research on efficient

fertilizer practices (such as balanced use of nutrients , correct timing and placement of fertilizer and

whenever necessary use of micronutrient and soil amendments) improvement in soil testing services

development of improved fertilizer supply and distribution system.

Water for Sustainable food security :

The district will be required to produce more from less land and water resource. Alarming

rates of ground water depletion has resulted in drop of yields of irrigated crops. The needs of other

sector water cannot be ignored there fore it is necessary that an integrated water use policy is

formulated and judiciously implemented. Resource poor farmers in the rainfed ecosystem practice

less intensive agriculture and since their income depends on local agriculture, they benefit little from

increased food production in irrigated areas. To help them efforts must increased to disseminate

available dry land technologies and generate new once.

Watershed development for rising in yields of rainfed crop and widening of seed revolution

to cover oil seeds, pulses, fruits and vegetables. Farming system research to develop location specific

technologies must be intensified in the rain fed areas. Strategy to be made to make gray areas

green.

Agriculture Post harvest management, value addition, cost effectiveness :

Importance to be given to quality and nutrientional aspects throw attention should be

given to develop post harvest handling, agro processing and value addition technologies. Not only

to reduce the heavy post harvest losses but also improve the quality through proper storage,

packing, handling and transport.

Post harvest losses generally ranges from 5 to 10 percent for non perishables and about 30

percent for perishables. These loss could be minimized. Emphasis will therefore be placed to develop

post harvest handling, agro processing and value addition technologies, not only to prevent the

high losses but also to improve the quality through proper storage, packing, handling and transport.


- 37 -

Cost effectiveness in production and post harvest handling through the application of latest

technologies will be necessary. The agro processing facilities preferably located close to the point of

production in rural area will greatly promote off farm employment.

Horticulture :

There is an enormous horticulture potential. The wide product base, high volume of

production round the year, high domestic demand, makes it an attractive place for investment. The

high value perishable horticulture crops are wasted due to lack of post harvest management and

cold chain infrastructure.

There is an urgency to strengthen the network of the post harvest management and cold

chain infrastructure. (grading, packing Centers, pre cooling units, refrigerator vans, cold storage etc.)

both of the areas of production and at retails outlets.

Every horticulture produce calls for value addition and product formulation for the propose

of

Table and raw consumption

Fruit drinks.

Pulp and other semiliquids

In order to be competitive in the market our strategies to further horticulture development in

the district should be increase production with quality parameters by adopting modern innovative

and hi-tech methods. Some of them are

High density plantations which include adoption of appropriate plant density / canopy

management.

Quality planting material, support and management system with appropriate inputs.

Micro prorogation (tissue culture) for mass production of true to type in possible shortest

time disease free material

Rain fed production through efficient water management techniques, mulching for soil

moisture conservation use of barriers in soil to reduce percolation, irrigation by drip,

sprinkler, fertigation, water harvesting structure.

Nursery management for quality seeds / plant production of vegetables, flowers,

ornamental fruits.

Organic farming.

Organic Farming :

The natural resources have been exploited beyond limits to get high production and

productivity. During the resent past the use of chemical for the management of pest and disease

has been increased.

Organic farming seems to be the only answer to the panic which is troubling farmers at

present. Organic farming requires no external input and all the necessary inputs required for

cultivation of crop are present in the farm itself. Organic farming has been getting a lot of attention


- 38 -

from consumer ,researchers, policy makers, scientist and farmers in recent time, because it reduces

input cost there by minimizing the farmers dependency on fertilizer. Organic farming is labour

intensive generates plenty rural employment.

The main aim will be to establish an ecological balance with nature. The only hitch that

organic farmer faces is the cost involved in getting organic certification for their produce.

Vermiculture has become a major component in biological farming which is found to be

effective in enhancing the soil fertility and producing large number of crops in sustainable manner.

In the last few years organic farming has attracted many farmers in the district and have

experimented successfully with cotton and various fruit crops like papaya, banana and mango.

Disaster Management :

The frequency and intensity of disaster such as floods, droughts, cyclone have increased in

the resent years. Special efforts to be made to develop appropriate technologies for increasing

preparedness to predict and to manage the disasters. Effective and reliable information and

communication system, contingency planning and national and international mobilization of

technologies and resources are must. Experience of other district , state in prevention and

management of the disaster should be shared.

Diary Development :

The dairy sub sector occupies an important position in the agriculture economics, it provides

a regular employment. However the investment in the Animal Husbandry and dairying is very small.

The strength of the dairy sector lies in the fact that inspite of limited investment it has shown

constant and sustainable growth.

District is rich in genetic diversity of cattle, each having some unique property or other. For

small farmers cattle is the only assent and main stay for their socio-economic security

The rapid growth in the milk products has been mainly because of the increase in the

number of animal rather than improved productivity. The low productivity is of great concern. The

productivity of dairy animals is often hampered by epidemics even more by epidemic heath. There is

lack of awareness about clean milk production. If bio-technology is applied prudently in the dairy

sector tremendous improvements could be achieved in the field of animal breading, feeding and

animal health.

Genetic up gradation of cattle and buffalos and expansion of existing infrastructure and

delivery of breeding inputs and services to the farmers, specific breed improvement programe from

different breeds of milch cattle in different agro climate zone have to be implemented.

Systemic dissemination of appropriate technologies in the field of clean milk production and

milk free from pesticide residues will help the farmer produce standard milk products, which can

compete in the market.

Although the co-operative sector has made significant improvement in the development of

dairy sector in rural areas, efforts are needed to intensified to include more rural area under the co-

operative setup. The aim will be “Reaching the unreached people and including the excluded rural

mass”.


- 39 -

Fisheries :

Considering the increasing demand of fish to meet the requirement of growing population

and the potential of the fisheries and fresh water aquaculture in particular , different agro ecological

situation for increasing fish production in the district, some of the important approaches for

sustainable fish production are

Need to develop complete package of technologies for different level of fish production i.e. two

tonnes, five tonnes and hundred tones per hacter.

Production of balance feeds for different stages of fish.

Demonstration of listed technologies in farmers ponds in different agro climatic zone.

Greater role for human resource development and extension with emphasis on training of

farmers, entrepreneurs and district fisheries officials

Establishment of fresh water hatcheries.

Identification and demonstration of location specific culture system.

Health monitoring, prevention and control of diseases.

Development of economical and eco friendly feeds.

Allied Agriculture activities

In order to stabilize the farmer’s income it is necessary to promote the allied

agriculture activities, make provisions to provide assistance to varied sericulture activities.

Poultry production in the district are planned to be pushed up through promotion of

artificial insemination, establishment of diagnostic laboratories. Importance has been given

for high-tech horticulture expansion of area under wine verities, promotion of organic

farming and recharging of bore wells are among the components that are expected to

improve horticultural productivity. Most important issue is strengthening the irrigation

network and enhancing the potentiality of irrigation by irrigation by establishment of

express lines for lift irrigation schemes. Establishment of cold storage facilities and provision

of electronic weighing machine to APMC’s which can strengthen the marketing system.

Development Vision and Strategy

Preamble


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The Comprehensive Development of Agricultural Plan (CDAP) is to achieve an overall

growth rate of 4 per cent in the agriculture sector during XI Plan period. To achieve this objective

the CDAP has followed an integrated and holistic approach by involving all the concerned

stakeholders like farmers, institutions like panchayat raj institutions, non-governmental and voluntary

agencies, Agricultural Scientists, academicians and all the concerned line departments at the district

and below. This participatory approach aims to fulfill the stated objectives of CDAP.

Reasons for Backwardness

The important reasons for backwardness of agriculture are:

Degradation of soil fertility due to mono cropping

Poor soil and water management

Inadequate agro processing units, post harvest and export facilties

Inadequate green fodder, local breeds and veterinary aids

Migration of labour to towns and cities and to neighbouring states

Vision Statement

The CDAP is prepared keeping in view the objectives and goals of the NADP/RKVY of

Government of India and Planning Commission and agriculture policy of State government The

CDAP is not only to achieve the 4 per cent growth rate in XII plan period but also to mitigate the

poverty, unemployment, vulnerability and more importantly sustainable agriculture productivity.

Portrayal of the Vision

In order to stabilize the farmer’s income it is necessary to promote the allied

agriculture activities, make provisions to provide assistance to varied sericulture activities.

Poultry production in the district are planned to be pushed up through promotion of

artificial insemination, establishment of diagnostic laboratories. Importance has been given

for high-tech horticulture expansion of area under horticulture suitable verities in the district,

promotion of organic farming and recharging of bore wells are among the components

that are expected to improve horticultural productivity. Most important issue is

strengthening the irrigation network and enhancing the potentiality of irrigation by

establishment of express lines for lift irrigation schemes. Establishment of cold storage

facilities and provision of electronic weighing machine to APMC’s which can strengthen the

marketing system.


- 41 -

To achieve the agricultural growth rate of 4% in the district the year-wise targeted

production for the 12th

plan are given in the table No – 6.3 .

Reservoir fisheries development will be taken up to achieve fish production at the

rate of 100 kg per ha; all the tanks and ponds in the district will be brought under fish

culture to maximise fish production; all water logged and saline area will be converted into

fish culture tanks; fish production will be raised from the present 1702 metric tonnes to

2128 metric tonnes; ornamental fish breeding and its marketing.

At present the area under sericulture is very less. The average holding mulberry

planting is very less so that in the district there is the great scope to development of

sericulture.

Medium Term Perspective

Keeping in view of the concerns expressed by the Government of India, with regard to low

productivity and low income in the agriculture and allied sectors, a medium term of five year plan

starting from 2012-13 to 2016-17, as part of XII Five Year Plan, is being proposed and prepared for

Dhule district. To achieve the plan targets, an investment to the RKVY

of Rs. 20062.27 lakh has been proposed.


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Chapter III

SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE DISTRICT

3.1 SWOT Analysis :

Considering the present agriculture scenario in the district SWOT analysis exercise has been

carried out by two methods. To know the ground realities, participatory field exercise have been

carried out in the selected sample villages from three Agro-Cl imatic Zones.

The SWOT exercise was also conducted with the departmental staff in order to know the

Strengths, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat existing in the district considering the present

agriculture scenario. Based on the reflection of staff, observations from field exercise and expert

group recommendations the following interpretations are developed for deciding the future

strategy for overall agriculture development in the coming phase. Group exercises have been

carr ied out by forming smal l eight groups

Table No-8 :Villages selected for SWOT analysis exercise –

Sr Representative

village Blocks

covered

Name of Agro-

Ecologica l S i tuat ion

Name of Agro Climatic Zone

Character is t ics

1 Kakshevad Western part of Sakri

AES-I Transition Zone – II

High rainfall with Medium to deep black soils

2 Deur khurde Tal-Dhule Kurukvade Tal-Shindkheda

Dhule, Shindkheda, Eastern Part of Sakri

AES-II Scarcity Zone Lower rainfall light to medium soils

3 Bharvade Shirpur AES-III Assured rainfall zone – III

Medium rainfall , light to deep black soils


- 43 -

The Small groups carried out exercise on the following subjects –

3.2 Issues emerged from the exercise:

Analysis of district is carried out in group. This process is worked out participatory manner with krushi vidnyan Kendra , dhule, farmers organization, officers of department of agriculture maharashtra. SWOT analysis with respect to agriculture- STRENGTHS

1. Diversified agro-climatic conditions suitable for wide range of crops, vegetables and fruit crops.

2. Three national high ways NH-3 mumbai-agra, NH-6 nagpur-surat, NH-8 burhanpur-ankleshwar are passing through district. Same way railway line of ahmedabad to nagpur is passing through district. Thus washi, surat, indore,ahemdabad cities are connected and are available for agriculture marketing.

3. Strong involvement of farmers organizations like krishi vidnyan mandals, Mahila krushak mandals.

4. Farmers from district have strong foundation of organic way of farming. 5. Existance of collage of agriculture, krushi vigyan Kendra, Krishi chikitsalaya, state level

fruit nurseries. WEAKNESS

1. Nearly 80 % farming is rainfed. 2. largly degraded soils/ wornout soils. 3. water is available for irrigation but it is unutilized, eg. Sulwade barriage. 4. Erosion of traditional skills of farmers. 5. Labour crisis . 6. Lack of mechanization in agriculture. 7. Load shading, Low voltage in electricity available in farming . 8. poorly organized agriculture markets.Lack of marketing information.Lack of

processing facilities and inadequate marketing infrastructures. 9. Increased health problems related with food. As healyh is directly linked to changes

in lifestyle and diets, in which traditional foods such as root crops, starchy fruits,vegetables and fruits have been substituting by foods fatty meat, soft drinks and processed foods.

OPPORTUNITIES 1. Scope to improve area under horticulture, vegetables and floriculture. 2. farmers are educated and aware of integrated pest management. 3. Good marketing opportunities for alternative marketing avenues like wheat

mohotsawa, rice mohotsaw etc. THREATS

Sr No Subjects

1 Commercial crops – cotton, Sugarcane

2 Horticulture development and Vegetable production

3 Natural resources – Soil and water resources

4 Cereals,Pulses and Oilseed crops

5 Storage and processing units

6 Marketing

7 Animal husbandry ,dairy ,poultry & fisheries


- 44 -

Climate change. land has become currency / item for investment in the hands of investors and

speculators – just like food and water.Thus large farming area is converting in non-agriculture land .

Land degradation. Aggressive expansion or promotion of industrial farming.

Dependance on long /large business chains in agriculture marketing.

KRISHI VIDNYAN KENDRA

The Krishi Vigyan Kendra is a district level Farm Science Center established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi at Dhule District for speedy transfer of technology to the farmers fields. The aim of Krishi Vigyan Kendra is to reduce the time lag between Generation of technology at the research institutions and its transfer to the farmers field for increasing production, productivity and income from the agriculture and allied sectors on a sustained basis. KVK, Dhule was established in May,1983 under Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri Dist: Ahmednagar (M.S) funded by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi on 100% basis. KVK, Dhule is actively engaged in transfer of ecologically sound and economically viable technologies to cater to the needs of rural community of the Dhule district to improve their socio-economic status. Since beginning of this KVK, a social, economical Survey was conducted from time to time to know the geographical, economical status, Cropping pattern, Livestock population and training needs of the farmers. The major part of the district comes under the Scarcity Zone and hence the major cultivable area is drought prone.The district comprises of 32per cent of tribal population spread over the district. Besides agriculture, this district is having abundant livestock wealth and dense forest. Since its inception, this KVK has completed numerous Agricultural development Programmes with great success and has brought joy in the families of farmers by helping them to boost up their production through adoption of improved farm methods. Trainings, demonstrations, supply of reliable seed and plant materials, field days, group discussion, Exposure visits, Exhibitions, Farmers Rallies, Broad casting of new technologies on All India Radio, Film/Video shows etc are the tools explored by this KVK to achieve this splendid task of up lifting farmers in general and tribal in particular.

Animal husbandry and Livestock rearing Interventions required :

1. Genetic up gradation of local breeds through use of improved breed.

2. Scientific calf rearing, supplement of proper nutritious feed to growing calf in gestation.

3. Making availability of artificial insemination at farmer’s door steps.

4. Demonstration cum training of good rearing practices.

5. Feed supplement and parasitic control drugs of poultry.

6. Supplement of graded male for genetic up gradation backyard poultry.

7. Scope for caged poultry upgrading.

8. Genetic up gradation of local sheep / goat to use of breed males rams / bucks.

Fisheries : Interventions required


- 45 -

1. Availability of fish seed.

2. Seed production unit to be set up.

3. High cost involved in pond construction.

4. Lack of interest on farmer’s level due to less knowledge regarding fish farming in tanks.

5. Fluctuating prices in the fish market.

6. Fish societies have less share capital.

Dairy development : Interventions required

1. High milk yielding production animals.

2. Availability of Milk collection centers at village level .

3. High cost involvement for rearing high milk yielding animals.

4. Increasing area under green fodder at farmer’s level.

5. Availability of labour.

6. Encouragement of low grade refuges (Low cost feeding)

7. Training for Dairy Development methods and Exposure visit to Model Dairy and allied

activities to ladies

8. Clean milk campaign and strict action against adulteration.

9. 100 days program for conception to be followed.

10. Back ended subsidy for Feed Factory

11. Encouraging milk product through Mahila Bachat Gat.

12. Milk chilling centers to be set up at local level and collection of milk through dairy co-operative

societies.

13. Proper logistic planning for collection of milk

3.3 Sectoral / Regional growth drivers of the district :

Dhule District consists of 4 talukas which are further divided into 3 agro-ecological situations.

The agro-ecological situations dominate the farming system. The district as per agro-climatic situation

falls under scarcity zone, assured rainfall zone and transition zone. Scarcity zone includes Dhule,

Shindkheda and part of Sakri block assured rainfall comprises part of Shirpur where as transition

zone includes western part of Sakri block .

There is a minimum change in cropping pattern, but these slight changes have a significant

impact on the commodity composition of agriculture Gross Sectorial Domestic Progress (GSDP) .

District agriculture remain dominated by food grains (bajra, jawar, maize, rice, nagali etc.) which

account for over 1.59 lakh ha (34% ) of cropped area. Cotton crop consist of 2.28 lakh ha (49

%)of the area and pulses, oilseeds , fruit crops, vegetable and other crops contribute to the 0.76

lakh ha

( 17%) of the total area.(As per 2014)

Although food grains accounts for 34 % of area they contribute only 16% to the district

GSDP. Fruit and vegetable cover only 4% of the area but contributes up to 35 % to the district

GSDP.

The Government sponsored scheme like NHM and EGS helped in expanding the area

under horticulture crops increased production. Horticulture development program is integral part of


- 46 -

the Government policy to promote and shift to higher value crops . There has been increase in

cotton area in the last 2 to 5 years due to involvement of the state Government in the cotton

procurement monopoly scheme and introduction of high yielding BT cotton. Kharif groundnut is

being overtaken by soybean which is emerging as a single largest oilseed crop in the district, which

has helped the farmers to get additional income.

Horticulture produce which earlier catered only to the domestic market has now expanded

to other markets like Mumbai, Surat, Indore and Delhi. Only 19% of the cultivable area comes under

irrigation but with the watershed development program carried out there has been significant

increase in the water table which has helped to increase the production and productivity of fruit

crops, vegetables and cotton.

Sugarcane crop which was discouraged due to requirement heavy irrigation but with the

use of irrigation systems like drip has helped to increased its area and productivity .

With active participation of Government agriculture department and involvement of farmers

organic movement in the district has gradually increased up to 67,500 ha (17 %) out of which 7,000

ha (1.80%) is certified area with 1250 farmers involved.

NGOs like Samruddhi Farming Ltd., SUPA biotech, Agriculture Graduates Federation &

District Organic Farmers Association has helped to create awareness among the farmers about

organic farming .

Agro Industrial Sector:

Agro industrial sector has expanded significantly over the last decade. The gross value

output of agro based manufacturing enterprises in the District increased during last decade. This

accounted for value addition processing, employment generation in the District.

At present textile industry, maize processing, soya processing, oil extraction unit, food grain

processing units, milk chilling centers, cashew processing unit fruit processing unit have a sizeable

growth in the coming future in the District.

Dairy and Poultry Sector

Output of major livestock products grew reasonably well during 1990’s.During this period

milk, eggs, and poultry and other meats grew at an average rate of about 4 % per year. Output

growth was boosted by the government’s program to operate dairy milk schemes .In near future

there is emence scope for Dairy and Poultry sector in the Districts.

Agricultural Sector

The Government of Maharashtra has announced its Agriculture policy which aims at

developing the agricultural sector in a sustainable basis by using available resources economically,

effectively and in an environmentally sound manner in the District.

1. Strengthening the competitiveness of farmers in the context of the globalization.

2. Preparing action plan for full exploitation of limited irrigation resources.

3. Implementing rural road program.

4. Promoting investments in farm and infrastructure, Facilities for post harvest management,

storage, transport, marketing and exports.


- 47 -

5. Improving the system of Agriculture produce marketing.

6. Promoting agricultural development on commercial and industrial lines.

7. Generating both skilled and unskilled employment in the agriculture sector.

The impact of the key policies like government finance through budget and market

barrowing investment for expansion of irrigation infrastructure, electricity for agriculture,

cooperative dairy processing, horticulture projects, sugar mill and cotton industry which finally leads

to agriculture development in the district.

The Agriculture development plays important role for quality control in distribution of

seed; planting material and other agriculture inputs. Allied sector like Sericulture, Forestry, and

Fisheries Apiculture have wide scope for the employment generation in the District.

1. District Share in Sectoral and Total NSDP of Dhule District

Particulars Population % Primary Secondry Tertiary Total

1993/

94

02-

03

1993/9

4

02-

03

1993/9

4

02-

03

1993/9

4

02-

03

1993/9

4

02-

03

Dhule 3.2 3.1 2.8 2.5 1.0 1.2 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.9

Western

Maharashtr

a

37.2 36.8 39.4 47.5 29.2 34.3 28.8 29.9 31.2 33.9

Maharashtr

a

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

2. District Share in Sectoral & Total NSDP of Dhule District

(Figures in the parenthesis indicate the rank of district based on per capita income )

Particulars

Primary Secondry Tertiary

2004-2005

(26)

11-12

(26)

2004-2005

(22)

11-12

(21)

2004-2005

(22)

11-12

(17)

Dhule 17.09

(III)

22.36

(III)

17.40

(II)

22.37

(II)

64.50

(I)

60.24

(I)

Western

Maharashtra

26.9 23 29.3 26.1 43.8 50.9

Maharashtra 19.90 18.30 25.20 24.10 54.90 57.60


- 48 -

3. Rank of Dhule district based on total per capita income Rs.

Particulars 2004-2005 2011-2012

Per capita income Rank Per Capita income Rank

Dhule

23569 66140 18

Western

Maharashtra

10344 II 14243 II

Maharashtra 36077 - 95339 -

4. Annual growth rate in per capita income (%)

Particulars Primary Secondry Tertiary

Growth rate Rank Growth rate Rank Growth rate Rank

Dhule 1.06 1.14 1.16

Western

Maharashtra

Maharashtra 1.16 1.13 1.16


- 49 -

Chapter IV

Development Of Agriculture Sector

4.1 Introduction:

Agriculture is the main occupation of majority people in the district. More than 30 %

(5,20,194) people are dependent on agriculture in the various capacities such as owner cultivators,

tenant cultivators, non cultivating owners of land and agriculture labour. Though the agricultural

economy of the district h as not witnessed basic change in it’s structural frame work it has allowed

number of changes in the pattern of crops, methods of farming and inputs. There has been

growing tendency in the district to bring more and more land under irrigation and double cropping

that kharif followed by rabi / summer .

There has been remarkable changes in the pattern of the crops. Cash crops have attracted

the attention of the farmers who are taking cultivation of cotton, sugarcane, onion ,chilies which

are more profitable. Consecutively there has been diversion of land from food crops to these crops.

The majority of the cultivators have become conscious of the sincerity and profitability of the

improved methods of cultivation. There is greater awareness of the potentiality of green as well as

chemical fertilizers. The use of pesticides, insecticides and fungicides has become quite popular.

Persistent efforts of the officials of the agriculture department and various institutions related

to agriculture has persuaded the farmers to adopt the improved methods of farming that have

brought about salient results. Various training programs and demonstration activities have

encouraged farmers to use available chemical fertilizers according to the soil analysis ; and use of

hybrid seeds which gives pest resistant and high yields of food grains.

The program of soil and water conservation which was launched in Dhule district has

started bearing fruits and helping to increase the ground water level. The program has covered

area under various activities., which has helped to retain the fertility of the soil by encouraging soil

conservation and retaining soil moisture. It has also helped to maintain the level of sub soilwater.

Agriculture research and education are of primary importance for scientific agriculture.

Dhule district has not lagged behind in the these areas. There is an Agriculture college, Agriculture

school, KVK, agril. Polyclinic ,biocontroll lab, soil testing lab which undertake research to evolve the

varieties and recommend pesticides and insecticides, provide facilities to conduct training. The

Agriculture college possesses research laboratory and experimental farms which serves as model to

the farmers.

Major Crops Cultivated in kharif season are jowar, bajra, maize, green gram, black gram, tur, soyabean , sesamum, groundnut

and cash crop like cotton and sugarcane. Whereas in rabi major crops cultivated are wheat, gram, jowar, safflower and in summer

season crops like groundnut and bajra are cultivated.

Major fruit crops planted in the district are ber, custard apple, amala , lemon , pomegranate, mango, guava, papaya and

banana. The planting technology, supply of material and package of practices are standardized.


- 50 -

During the year 2013-14, total consumption of chemical fertilizers was 118875 m tones as

compared to 115894 m tons during year 2012-13.Control institutes and private institutes

contributed 70% and 30% respectively in distribution of chemical fertilizers. Among the production

of organic matter bio-dynamic compost unit and vermi compost unit contributed 25500 tones of

the compost material in Dhule district.

4.2 Land Use Pattern:

Of the important aspect of the district land utilization, agriculture and forest land account for

the most. Out of total geographical area 8,063 sq. km, 4.64 lakh ha (63.42%) land was available for

cultivation in 2013-14. Out of total 1.58 lakh ha land is used for food grain, where 44% area is

under bajra crop, followed by kharif Maize which is about 39 percent

Graph No. 5 : Land Distribution Pattern in the District

Present Land use Pattern

land use % area area in ha. (lack)

cultivble area 63.42 4.64

Forest area 28.51 2.09

fallow land 3.00 0.22

cultivable fallow 2.75 0.21

area not for agri. Use 2.32 0.17

total Geo. Area 100 7.33

Present land use pattenr

61%

29%

3% 5% 2%cultivble area

Forest area

fallow land

cultivable fallow

area not for agri. Use


- 51 -


- 52 -


- 53 -


- 54 -

District land which comes under Class II, III, IV, VI accounts for 184139 ha, 192577 ha,

210734 ha, and 145495 ha respectively. The total net sown area in the district is 487700 area More

than 80% of the area exclusively comes under rain fed cropping. The total area under kharif crop is

4,,63,565 hectares while 78,357 ha land is under rabi and summer crop. According to kharif

cropping pattern of district cotton , occupies an area of 2,28,589 hectares, which is 46.87% of total

cropped area. An area of 2,34,976 hectares (48.18%) comes under food grain crops and vegetable

crops are cultivated on 24,135 hectors (4.95%) .

Wheat, jowar, gram , maize, groundnut are some of the important crops grown in the Rabi

season. The area under wheat is 35971 hectares (45.90%), which is followed by gram 19651

hectares (25.07%), rabi jowar -11035 hectares ( 14.08%). The area under summer groundnut is

3066 ha.

The climate of Dhule district is suitable for fruit crops. Particularly Dhule , Shindkheda , part

of Sakri block are having dry climate and rains up to 700 mm. The climate is suitable for fruit crops

like mango, pomegranate , grapes, ber , amala , custard apple and guava. The fruit crops like

banana, sapota , lime are taken in Shirpur block receiving more than 700 mm rain. The area under

fruit crops in the district is 11740 hectare which is about 3 % to the cultivated area.

Major vegetables cultivated are onion, chilli, tomoto, brinjal, okra, cowpea and beans. The

total area under vegetable crops is 24135 ha which is about 4.95% of the cultivated area during

Kharif.

4.3 Soil Health

To know Soil Fertility index the agricultural , department has tested 1,262 samples from four

blocks. Ten samples were collected from each village and results were displayed in respective village

to promote importance of the soil testing. Results obtained from soil testing are depicted below-

Table : 9 Block wise Average Soil PH, EC and Organic Carbon Content Sr. Block No of Soil

Samples analyzed

PH EC (ds/m) Organic carbon (%)

Acidic Neutral Alkaline Low Medium High Low Medium High

1 Dhule 424 0 424 0 421 3 0 347 31 0

2 Sakri 319 0 319 0 319 0 0 35 207 9

3 Shirpur 499 0 499 0 499 0 0 58 373 19

4 Shindkheda

20 0 20 0 20 0 0 4 13 0

1262 0 316 0 315 3 0 111 156 7


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Table : 10 Block wise Average Available NPK Content in soil Sr. Block No of Soil

Samples analyzed

Available Nitrogen (kg/ha) Available Phosparus (kg/ha) Available Potash (kg/ha)

Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium High

1 Dhule 424 371 26 0 371 26 0 0 206 43

2 Sakri 319 267 18 0 267 18 0 0 103 20

3 Shirpur 499 298 124 0 298 124 0 0 187 100

4 Shindkheda

20 14 6 0 14 6 0 0 3 0

1262 238 44 0 238 44 0 0 125 41

The circlewise soil analysis data on the fertility status of Dhule district is as : Table : 11 Circle wise Soil Fertility Index

Taluka Circle PH EC ( ds/m) Organic carbon %

P2O5 ( kg/ha)

K20 (kg/ha)

Dhule Dhule 7.91 0.742 1.42 0.99 1.82

Songir 7.63 0.779 1.53 1.06 1.69

Kusumba 7.88 0.893 1.58 1.09 1.72

Pimpri 7.69 0.695 1.62 1.08 1.83

Average - 7.77 0.777 1.55 1.05 1.76

Sakri Sakri 7.86 0.726 1.49 1.07 1.77

Pimpalner 7.62 0.696 1.64 1.09 1.82

Mhasdi 7.55 0.823 1.61 1.12 1.86

Nijampur 8.06 0.722 1.48 0.99 1.80

Dahiwel 7.95 0.832 1.69 1.15 1.87

Average 7.808 0.759 1.58 1.08 1.83

Shirpur Shirpur 7.56 0.922 1.52 1.18 1.81

Thalner 7.42 0.879 1.70 1.27 1.99

Arthe 7.73 0.778 1.56 1.20 1.96

Boradi 7.40 0.713 1.63 1.26 1.98

Average 7.52 0.823 1.60 1.22 1.93

Shindkheda Shindkheda 8.13 0.680 1.43 1.10 1.94

Nardana 8.04 0.792 1.48 1.13 1.93

Dondaicha 7.79 0.699 1.46 1.11 1.80

Chimthana 7.83 0.849 1.51 1.14 1.92

Average→ 7.94 0.755 1.47 1.12 1.89

Criteria for Fertility Index Classification of Soil:-

1) 0.0 to 0.75 = Very low, 2) 0.76 to 1.25 = Low 3) 1.26 to 1.75 = Medium 4) 1.76 to 2.25 = Moderately high 5) 2.26 to 2.75 = High 6) 2.76 to 3.00 = Very high.


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According to fertility status of soil in the district, soils were having neutral pH and low

electrical conductivity. It is medium in organic carbon content ranging1.25 to 1.75 percent, low

available phosphorus from 0.76 to 1.25 and available K20 content is fair to moderately high varying

from 1.25 to 2.25. To increase the organic carbon and phosphorus in the soil it is required to

provide proportionate doses. It can be seen from fertility status of soil in the district, it is medium in

nitrogen content, available phosphate is low and potash content is moderately high.

Micronutrient content status of soils of Dhule district shows very less extent of zinc deficiency

which is negligible in Shirpur and Shinkheda tahsils and moderate(16 to 34 %). In Dhule and Sakri

tahsils. Table No 3(d) however, extent of iron deficiency is quite large in Dhule and Shirpur.The soil

of Shirpur represent the central plateau zone of assured rainfall and the majority of the remaining

areas come under scarcity zone. The overall deficiency in the district is low varying from 12 percent

in zinc and 46 percent in iron. The soils of Dhule tahsil were also found to be deficient in

manganese to the tune of 15 percent.

Table No :12 Micro nutrients status of soils of Dhule districts

Tahsil No of samples

Range* Deficiency**

Fe Mn Zn Cu

Dhule 112 Range 0.80-10.0 2.10-21.30 0.20-2.10 0.50-5.50

Deficiency 78 18 16 -

Shindkheda 55 Range 0.62-12.60 5.12-53.30 0.70-9.46 0.56-8.40

Deficiency 7 - - -

Shirpur 90 Range 1.0-8.0 1.50-30.60 1.20-5.40 o.20-4.60

Deficiency 90 - - -

Sakri 95 Range 2.70-28.50 3.43-82.20 0.06-2.56 1.12-12.0

Deficiency 20 - 35 -

Total 352 Range o.62-28.50 1.50-82.20 0.06-9.46 0.50-12.00

Deficiency 195 18 51 -

* mg kg -1

** Percent 4.4 Major crops and varieties grown

Cereals:

The major cereals in the district are jowar, bajra, wheat, maize and rice. The minor cereal

produced in the district is nagli ,bajra being the staple food occupies the first place.

Pulses:

The pulses could be regarded as complementary food grains, chief among them are Tur,

Gram, Green gram, and Udid. On the minor proportion are math, chavli, peas, and val.

Oil seeds:


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The area under oil seeds like groundnut has decreased in the rainy season i.e Kharif.

Summer groundnut is preferred when adequate rains are there. Soybean is becoming as important

oil seed crop where as sesamum , sunflower and caster are other oil seed crops taken on small

scale.

The following table gives area under various crops grown in the district with important varieties

Table No :13 Various crops grown in the district with important varieties grown.

Crop Present ( 2014-15)

Present ( 2014-15) Varieties used

Area (ha ) Productivity Kg/ ha

Cereals

Bajra 69943 816 Shradha, ICTP-8203, ICMV 155, M-163, Pro Agro7701, Saburi,

Jowar (Kharif)

18351 1095 CSH-5, CHS-9, PKV -801, Phule yasoda, Bhagya Laxmi 296, Mahabeej 7, Gaytri 296

Maize 62287 2209 Karveer, Kargil, Maharaja, Pinacle,

Paddy 4238 1503 Indrayani, Sahyadri, RH-10, Chiman sal, sukvel

Nagali 2141 1330 Local

Wheat 35971 1536 Lok-1, Chandusi, HD 2189, Kalyan Sona, NIAW-301, NIAW 34, N-59, MACS-9

R.Jowar 11035 1360 Selection-3, CSV-14, PKV, Phule Yashoda, Maldandi,

Pulses

Tur 8169 438 BSMR 736, BSMR-853, AKT-8811, ICPL 87, BDN 1,

Geern Gram 14683 338 BMPR-145, Kopargaon 1, Vaibhav, Utkarsha, Tata

Udid 11737 462 TAU 1, TPU-4, Sindhkheda 9

Gram 19651 1098 Vishal, Vijay, Virat PKV-2

Oil seeds

Soyabean 17827 1476 JS 335, PK-1029, MACS-450, Phule Kalyani,

K.Groundnut 20360 625 JLT 24, TAG 24,TAG 26, TGP-41

S. Groundnut

3066 SB 11, TAG 24, TAG 26

Castor 0 0 Western 6,

Sesamum 280 377 Phule Til, Gujrat 1,

Sunflower 0 0 Modern, EC- 68414

Cash Crops

Cotton 228589 705 H 4, H 10, Ankur Akka, Mallika-207, Banni-145, Nirmal 996, Rashi 2, Kanak, JLH 168, NHH-44, DCH-32, Phule -492,

Sugarcane 1283 90 CO-86032, Co-740, Co-671, Co-94012, Com-0265,


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Farming system indicates that cotton is the main cash crop . Cotton and Food grain system

is predominant in Dhule and Shindkheda blocks. The Food grain,Sugarcane,dairy farming system is

predominant in Shirpur . While Paddy,Vegetable, Dairy and grain crops in Sakri block.

The Cotton – Horticulture farming system ( Custard apple, Anola, Ber) is mostly adopted in

Dhule – Shindkheda Blocks. whereas Dry land horticulture( Pomegranate)– egetable ( Onion ) –

Dairy system is prevalent in western part of Dhule and Sakri Blocks.

The Cotton –Food grain farming sytems is widely followed in shirpur block while

Sugarcane – Summer Groundnut as well as Banana – Wheat- diary farming systems are widely

adopted particularly in Tapi basin.

Mixed cropping system followed in the district are given below –

Cotton – Food grains ( cereals + pulses )

Cotton – Oilseeds

Cotton – Horticulture

Food grain – Pulses

Food grains-Animal husbandry

Food grain – Dairy -Vegetable (Onion)

Food grain – Dry land horticulture

Only Food grain Production

Food grain –Sugarcane - Dairy

Oilseed – Wheat

Pulses – Foodgrains

Soyabean - Rabi Jowar- Dairy

Paddy - Pulses – Animal Husbandry

Paddy –Vegetables-Dairy.

Dry land horticulture-vegetable-Dairy

Chilli – Pulses

Onion – Pulses

Banana-Wheat- Cotton-Dairy

Sugarcane – Summer Groundnut.

4.5 Input management:

Seeds :

Among the factor that leads to increase in the agriculture output, seeds occupy an important place. The soil, rainfall, irrigation facility, manures and such factors together help for various growth of the crops. But their total impact upon agriculture production is reduced if the seeds are of inferior quality. The recommendations of appropriate varieties or strains of crops suitable for the district are equally important and cannot be over looked. Such efforts been made by providing the farmers with the new improved varieties of seed. The seed replacement ratio in the crops like wheat and gram is also carried out. Crop wise present SRR reflected that there is need to increase it in some of crop which will help to increase the crop production. Season wise total seed requirement of the district is ascertained


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and accordingly expected seed requirement for coming years from various sources have

been chalked out in detail in the plan. Special efforts are being made by the department officials to

create a seed bank with the farmers themselves by taking Grambeejotpadan programs on farmers

field so that enough seeds would be available in village itself.

Table No :14 Crop wise area and seed requirement of the district

Sr No Name of the crop General area in the districts (ha)

Present SRR % Seed required ( Qt)according to area

Kharif crops

1 Jowar 35400 93 3072

2 Bajra 135600 96 3969

3 Paddy 5000 15 600

4 Maize 50000 50 4875

5 Tur 9000 34 675

6 Sunflower 350 70 25

7 Groundnut 38000 15 5700

8 Seasamum 11000 12 50

9 Soyabean 4200 73 2362

10 Moog 19500 59 1638

11 Udid 9700 44 540

12 Cotton 75000 80 1932

Rabi and Summer crops

13 Jowar 12000 25 518

14 Wheat 14000 70 10500

15 Gram 20000 16 4050

16 Groundnut 6000 28 1800

Table No :14 Crop wise area and seed requirement of the district

Sr No Name of the crop General area in the districts (ha)

Present SRR % Seed required ( Qt)according to area

Kharif crops

1 Jowar 21000 93

2 Bajra 75000 96

3 Paddy 8000 15

4 Maize 80000 50

5 Tur 10500 34

6 Sunflower 0 70

7 Groundnut 19400 15

8 Seasamum 3000 12

9 Soyabean 30000 73

10 Moog 33500 59

11 Udid 12500 44

12 Cotton 175000 80

13 Jowar 4000 25

14 Wheat 14385 70

15 Gram 6300 16

16 Groundnut 8500 28


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Mahabeej and private seed companies supply the seeds required for sowing in the district.

Mahabeej supplies nearly 50-60 % seed of notified varieties and 5-10% seed of research varieties for

sowing purpose. While rest of the seed requirement is supplied by private seed companies and the

farmers who have produced seed through Grambijotpadan program.

Fertilizer Consumption :

In the year 2012-13 and 2013-14, the straight fertilizers like urea, single super phosphate

and Murate of potash, Complex fertilizers like DAP and fertilizer mixtures like 10:26:26, 15:15:15,

20:20:0, 12:32:16, and 18:18:10 played major role in fulfilling nutrient requirement of different crops

in Dhule district.

Table No: 15 Fertilizer utilization in 2012-13 and 2013-14

Sr. No Name of Fertilizer Quantity of fertilizers use (M.T)

Year 2012-13 2013-14

1. Urea 58192 57942

2. Ammonium Sulphate 471 2531

3. SSP 6993 12054

4. MOP 11011 10722

5. DAP 11693 7250

6. 10:26:26 7929 10817

7. 15:15:15 2164 2977

8. 20:20:20 6526 6696

9. 12:32:16 5419 3113

10. 18:18:10 4393 3864

11. 19:19:19 1103 909

Total 115894 118875

The total fertilizer consumption in the year 2012-13 was 1,15,894 M.T., where as it was

118875 M.T in the year 2013-14.

Table No: 16 N P K Consumption in Dhule District. (M.T.)

Sr. Year (N) (P) (K)

1. 2005-06 268990.94 8344.65 4686.81

2. 2006-07 321490.75 12966.57 6645.58

Sr. Year (N) (P) (K)

1. 2012-13 275000 8500 4845

2. 2013-14 335000 13800 6950


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From the No.14, table it is revealed that the N.P.K consumption had increased in the year

2013-14 as compared to 2012-13. There is about 21.81% increase in the consumption of N, 62.23%

increase in the consumption of P and 43.34% increase in the consumption of K in 2013-14 over the

preceding year. It is also observed that the application of fertilizers was erratic and has no correlation

with the requirement of the crops and recommendations of the soil analysis reports.

Hence it is urgency to create awareness among the farmers regarding application of

fertilizers as per recommendations of soil analysis reports and actual requirement of the crops using

integrated nutrient management techniques. Fertilizers are mostly used for crops like cotton,

sugarcane, banana, tomato, chilly and onion. However 70% fertilizer is applied for the cotton and

very less quantity for pulses and oil seeds .

Due to continuous unbalanced application of chemical fertilizers C:N ratio in the soil of the

Dhule district is decreasing rapidly. To overcome this problem, Agriculture Department is taking

efforts to enhance organic farming in the district. Due to recent initiatives, production of organic

matter through biodynamic compost and vermicompost, total 25800 tones of the compost material

was produced in the district. Green manuaring practice is also adopted.

4.6 Water Resources and Management

River systems and Dams :

Dhule district has rivers alive only in monsoon season . Tapi originating from ranges of

Gavilgad of Maharashtra is the major river in the district The entire region of the district is drained

by tributaries of Tapi river, which are as follows :

Tapi rivers- Arunavati,Aner,Gomati,Vaki,Bori,Panzara,Kan,Burai,Amaravati,Madari,Bhad,Nagan

Table No17 : Dams in the district

Tahsil Name of dam Location of dam

Name of river Capacity(M3) Catchment area(Sq.km)

Shindkeda Amaravati Malpur Amaravati 27.18 341.09

Shindkeda Sulwade Sulwade Tapi 65.06 521.49

Sakri Jamkheli Nawapada Jamkhel 14.45 90.91

Burai Phophade Burai 21.33 314.04

Sakri Akkalpada Panzara 107.29 1246

Shirpur Aner Ganpur Aner 99.60 1239


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The irrigation is also facilitated by 12 medium projects having command area of 98000 ha

and 716 minor projects having command area of 67000 ha. Karvand, Malangaon, Chhail,

Aner,Burai, Jamkheli, Amravati, Sonwad, Nimna Panzara, Shevadi, Sulvade, are important and are

stabilized to provide irrigation water in their command area Akkalpada project is complited.

.Watershed Development

Dhule district is divided in to 54 mega watersheds according to G.S.D.A pattern. These

mega watersheds have been sub-divided in 160 sub watersheds and 1108 micro watersheds

covering an area of 727915 ha and 687 villages. (Table 17)

Table No. 18 (a) Block wise Major Watershed, Sub and Micro watersheds with Area and Villages Covered.

Sr.No Block Watershed No. Watershed Area (ha)

Involved Villages GSDA

watershed Sub

Watershed Micro

Watershed

1 Dhule 14 49 248 195110 170

2 Sakri 17 49 368 246540 227

3 Skindkheda 12 33 233 128883 143

4 Shirpur 11 29 259 157382 147

Total 54 160 1108 727915 687


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Problems in Watershed Area

Large scale deforestation causing severe adverse effects on the ecosystem, climate and

population.

Widespread soil erosion, overgrazing and inappropriate land use resulting in barren

landscapes.

Negligence in adoption of water and soil conservation measures by the farmer in his own

field due to lack of knowledge

Excess Ground Water Extraction in comparison to Ground Water Recharge.

No Restoration of existing soil and water conservation treatments.

Lack of land treatments like Land Levelling, Farm Bunding and drainage line treatments

in the upper ridges of the watershed.

Solutions:

Development of an integrated approach to the problems based on community needs.

Protected afforestration on community land.

Distribution of seedlings to encourage planting on private lands.

Soil and water conservation measures to be adopted from upper ridges to lower ridges.

Capacity building of the village people to adopt soil and water conservation measures in

their own fields.

Restoration of existing soil and water conservation treatments.

Pasture improvement through planting pasture grasses.

Need of linking the over flow water from existing dams located in watershed area like

Mausam river to Purmepada dam located near Arvi during rainy season from where water

should be distributed through canal ( Purame Pada and Kudane Canal ) during rainy season

would help in recharging the Ground water table.


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Watershed Development in the District :

The potential achieved and balance Watershed treatments to be done in 54 mega

watersheds is analyzed and given in the Table 18 (b).The total program for the District is to the tune

of 284.73 corers for the land covering 7.28 Lakh ha.

Table No. 18 (b) Potential, Achieved and Balance Watershed treatments in the District

Sr. No

Watershed Activity

Proposed Watershed Works

Watershed Works Completed up to

March 2007

Balanced Watershed Works

Physical Financial ( Lakhs)



1 CCT (ha) 1220 154.21 320 21.53 900 132.68

2 Loose Boulders 17577 607.16 1984 97.92 15593 509.24

3 Earthen Band (Minor) 7001 189.02 1617 27.07 5384 161.95

4 Compartment Bunding 38185 2301.32 18 0.56 38167 2300.76

5 Terracing 10872 6913.28 1319 517.46 9553 6395.82

6 Earthen Nala bund 5360 8357.38 3322 4272.61 2038 4084.77

7 Cement Nala Bund 3007 8293.92 1041 2229.6 1966 6064.32

8 Farm Pond 3024 1656.83 141 49.73 2883 1607.10

Total 28473.12 7216.48 21256.64

4.7 Farm mechanization / farm equipments

Farm Mechanization plays an important role in the modernization of district agriculture.

Mechanization of agriculture requires appropriate machinery for ensuring timely field operations

and effective application of various crop production inputs utilizing human, animal and mechanical

power sources .In the present circumstances rising rates of wages, depleting population of drought

animals coupled with increased cost of their maintenance and unavailability of farm labour during

peak seasons have influenced and accelerated the use and application of machines in the farm

operations.


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The capacity of traditional hand tools and bullock drawn implements is much lower

compared to improved machinery. This delays farming operations and consequently reduction in

the yield if not sown in time. Compared to traditional man and bullock operated implements tractor

drawn implements like disc harrow and cultivator etc., cover more area for land preparation

.Implements like power threshers, Combine harvester have reduced the time required for processing

of food grains ,besides it is cost effective and ecofriendly . It also helps in the reduction of post

harvest losses and improvement of quality farm produce by growing crop under controlled

environment.

Spraying in Cotton, Sugarcane, Paddy,Fruit orchards ,vegetables, oil seeds and pulses has

become easy and fast due to availability of machine spray pumps.Adoption of improved local

implements like Du-chadi seed sowing implement has not only saved but also facilitates regulated

application of fertilizer near root zone. Use of long handle wheel hoe and peg type weeders ,

reduce weeding time. Mechanization of agriculture through group farming contact farming and

franchise cultivation will ensure modernization of agriculture and quality farm produce .

Table No :19 Availability of Machinery in Dhule district

Sr. No.

Name of Improved Farm Implement/Equipment/Machinery

Avalibility ( No)

Dhule Sakri Shirpur Shindkheda Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 Wooden plough 6356 8950 9487 8876 33669

2 Iron plough 7015 9579 3239 7628 27461

3 Bullock Cart 11586 3971 7515 7092 30164

4 Sugarcane crusher 0 4 6 1 11

5 Oil engine 613 0 415 263 1291

6 Electric Pump 5851 4932 3222 5839 19844

7 Tractor 371 313 391 210 1285

8 Tractor Drawn Inplements 1200 1400 1640 1060 5300

9 Sprayers 5065 5065 2975 2660 10700

10 Dusterers 140 127 146 137 550

11 Other bullock Draw implements 27000 20734 28617 26120 102471

Sr. No.

Name of Improved Farm Implement/Equipment/Machinery

Avalibility ( No)

Dhule Sakri Shirpur Shindkheda Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 Wooden plough 7356 9950 10487 9876 37669

2 Iron plough 8015 10579 4239 8628 37461

3 Bullock Cart 12586 5971 6515 8092 30164

4 Sugarcane crusher 0 4 6 1 11

5 Oil engine 4000 4500 4600 1500 13500

6 Electric Pump 5900 4990 3350 5980 20220

7 Tractor 471 413 491 410 1685

8 Tractor Drawn Inplements 1250 1450 1690 1110 5500

9 Sprayers 6065 6065 3975 3660 14700

10 Dusterers 140 127 146 137 550

11 Other bullock Draw implements 28000 21734 29617 27120 106471

Demonstration of Newly Developed Agricultural Equipment at Farmers' Fields


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For enhancing production and productivity, as well as for reducing the cost of production,

the induction of improved / new technology in the agricultural production system is inescapable.

Therefore with this aspect in view, the demonstration of newly developed agricultural equipment

including horticultural equipment at farmers' fields has been included as a component of the

restructured scheme, Promotion and Strengthening of Agricultural Mechanization through Training,

Testing and Demonstration, during the eleventh Plan.Seed-cum fertilizer drill,strip-till-drill,raised bed

planter, rotavator , reapers, etc. Agriculture University, Rahuri and KVK based in the district in

collaboration with agriculture department are providing necessary input to the farmers.

Benefit from the ongoing schemes

Apart from the extension, work assistance in the form of subsidy at the rate of 50 percent of

the cost with permissible ceiling limits is made available to the farmers for the purchase of

agricultural equipment including hand tools, bullock-drawn /power-driven implements, planting,

reapers, harvesting and threshing equipment, tractors, power-tillers and other specialized

agricultural machines under the centrally sponsored scheme of Macro Management of Agriculture.

As on now, District is having tractors 1685 ,1400 Power tillers, 5500 tractor-driven

implements, 155471 bullock-drawn implements, 16561 self propelled implements, 643674 gender-

friendly equipment, 63435 water lifting devices, 15800 plant protection appliances, and 810

processing units.

There are some few key concerns with regards to the power operated equipments that

impact growth in the sector. Many farmers still lack access to financing, load shading during water

requirement by the crop and increasing prices of fuel leading to greater cost of operations.

4.8 Special ongoing programs in the district

Agriculture Department :

a. Preparation of village wise Soil Fertility Index:

By the date attention was given to balanced use of nutrients. Ten samples from each village

were given for the soil testing and results were displayed at common place in the village so that

each farmer should know importance of soil testing, requirement of nutrients in the soil.

In District totally 1262 soil samples from all four blocks have been tested for the soil fertility

indices. It is found that 444 samples are having low organic carbon, 950 samples are having low

Nitrogen and Phosphorous nutrients. This activity has helped to encourage the farmers for soil

testing of his own land and can plan for the total requirement of nutrients in his land.

However, other activities have also been carried out to disseminate the knowledge such as

training programs on various themes, exposure visit, use of pamplets, etc. District has also taken

efforts for the promotion of organic farming and as a result farmers in the district are using organic

manure totally on 7142 ha of land.


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In this plan proposed activities are addressing the nutrient management in the agriculture

land. Correcting the distortion in relative prices of primary fertilizers could also help correct the

imbalances in the use of primary plant nutrients -nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and use of bio-

fertilizers.

b.Organic Farming

The increase in application of

chemical fertilizers in turn has led to

increasing the debts with the soil reaching

saturation and yield becoming poor. As a

result poor farmers found themselves

tangled in debits, farmers are unable to


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repay loan. Some factors which contribute to the risk includes high input cost, monocropping ,

market price fluctuation, pest and disease, unpredictable whether and insufficient water for

irrigation. Against this background organic farming seems to be the only solution to rescue the

farmers from present vicious.

Organic farming requires no external inputs and all the necessary items required for

cultivating the crop are present on the farm itself. Currently there are about 1250 organic farmers in

the district. Compared to the chemical farming, organic farming is economical as there is minimum

input cost.The cultivated crop is healthy and free from toxic residues which is affecting human

health.

The main aim of organic agriculture is to establish an ecological balance with nature.It takes

as a protective approach towards the environment as against treating the problems after

emergence. The pioneer efforts of organic farming were made by farmers in Dhule district by the

initiative of Agriculture Department .Organic farming is a welcome alternative due to reduction in

cost of cultivation,quality and food safety ,reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,

etc.

For meeting the nutrient requirements of crops organic measures like use of Bijamrut,

Jivamrut,Panchagavya Bio-dynamic compost, vermicompost ,green manuring crops, vermiwash,

Biofertilizers like Rhizhobium, Azatobactor, Azhospirilum, Phosphate Solublizing bacteria etc. proved

beneficial in sustainable agriculture in addition to maintaining health.

Use of insect traps like Yellow sticky traps, light traps, Feroman traps, T shaped bird

preeheafe plays an important role in pest management. Also the biological insecticides like

Dashparnark,neem seed kernel extract, Jinger –Chilly-Garlic extract, garlic – chilly extract, Garlic

– neem extract played important role in minimizing pest population. Use of parasitic insects like

Trichograma Chillonise, is useful in minimizing lepidopteral specis and shoot fly population.

In recent years use of various fungi like Beviria Basiana, Metarihizium anisopli, Verticillium

Lecane, Nomuria ryle, found very effective in limiting pest count. Also seed treatment with

Trichoderma viridi which is a fungi, provides important protection to crops from different diseases.

All these measures proved very effective in pest control besides maintaining ecological balance.

Table No :20 Organic farmers in Dhule district and area covered under certification

Sr.No Block No.of Villages Block Area (Acre)

1. Dhule 58 3320

2. Shindkheda 20 3310

3. Sakri 15 1405

4. Shirpur 68 6115

Total 161 14150

Organic farming is a successful movement in Dhule district involving 1250 farmers in

organic certification from 161 villages covering 14150 acre area. Crops like Bajra, Jowar, Cotton,

Soyabean, Green gram, Groundnut. Tur , Wheat, Gram Sesamum , Cowpea, rice, Horse gram,

Onion, Chili, Papaya are grown under organic farming in the district and specially efforts are being


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put in by the Agriculture department for selling the farmer’s produce by organizing events like

Wheat Mahostava, and tying up with ICS agency like Samrudhi Shaswat farming, Dhule.

Table No :21 Sale of organic cotton

Sr.No Year Cotton Sold Qtl

Average Market rates

Premium Achieved by farmers

1 2004-05 1700 Rs.2200/- 6% Premium

2 2005-06 4500 Rs.2200/- 10% Premium

3 2006-07 7500 Rs.2400/- 15% Premium

4 2007-08 12500 Rs.2850/- 15% Premium

In the year 2007-08 certified cotton producer farmers achieved 15% more premium over

prevailing market rates. Also Organic wheat exhibition and sale provided on an average Rs. 400-500

more to the producer farmers than the prevailing market rates.

Table No :22 Sale of organic wheat

Sr No Year Variety Wheat sold ‘Qn’

Market rates ‘Rs/Qn’

Premium Rs/Qt

1 2004 - 05 Lokvan 500 900

10 % of the market rate for first year

and 15 % of market rate for second year

conversion

NIAW-34 150 900

Chandoshi 200 1200

Total 850

2 2005 – 06 Lokvan 800 1100

NIAW-34 200 1100

Chandoshi 300 1400

Total 1300

3 2006 - 07 Lokvan 1000 1200

NIAW-34 250 1200

Chandoshi 450 1600

Total 1700

4 2007 – 08 Lokvan 1400 1400

NIAW-34 250 1900

Chandoshi 450 2000

Total 2100

The district is endowed with

retentive black soils and thus large portion

represent kharif-Rabi cropping pattern

Cotton ,Sorghum, Pearl Millet, Mung,


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Udid, Redgram ,Groundnut, Sunflower, Soybean, Sesamum are major kharif crops grown in the

district. While wheat, gram, safflower, dominate the rabi, Sugarcane is also one of the important

cash crop grown in the district. Horticultural crops, such as Pomogrante, ber, fig, guava, tamarind

and papaya. A wide range of vegetables viz, tomato, brinjal, chillies, cabbage, cauliflower,leafy

vegetables are produced in bulk and marketed within the district and out side the district.

C.Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) :

ATMA brings together researchers , extension workers, farmers and other stakeholders

including NGOs, co-operative and private sector to introduce innovations in technology

dissemination matching to local needs and situations.

ATMA was mandated to develop the demand, situation specific multifactor oriented

strategic research and extension plan to accelerate agriculture development in the project district.

The ATMA is useful methodology for addressing research and extension issues based on the farmers

need. The ATMA comprehensively covers planning, operational, implementation , monitoring and

evaluation.

D.National Horticulture mission ( NHM )

National Horticulture mission has been implemented in Dhule district since 2006-07. To

promote holistic growth of horticulture sector covering fruits and vegetables flowers, mushrooms,

spices and aromatic plants. The Central Government has provided 100 percent assistance in the

Tenth plan.

a)The main objectives of this scheme are as to provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector

through an area based regionally differentiated strategies which include research , technology

promotion , extension , post harvest management, processing and marketing ,in consonance with

comerative advantage of each state / region and its diverse agro- climatic feature.

b) To enhance horticulture production, improve nutrional security and income support to farm

household .

c)To establish convergence and synergy among multiple on going and planned programme for

horticulture .

d) To promote , develop and disseminate technology through seamless blend of traditional wisdom

and modern scientific knowledge .

e) To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and unskilled persons , especially

unemployed youth .

E.National Food Security Mission ( NFSM ):

To increase the production of rice, wheat and pulses the National Development Council has

launched a centrally sponsored scheme National Food Security Mission in the country in which


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Dhule district has been selected . In last year 2007-08 program newly launched in district on piolot

basis.

Main objective of this mission :

1. Increasing production of wheat through area expansion and productivity enhancement in a

sustainable farm level.

2. Resorting soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level.

3. Creation of employment opportunities.

4. Enhancing Farm level economy to restore confidence amongst the farmer.

F.Maharashtra water sector improvement project ( MWSIP )

World Bank of assist of MWSIP (Maharashtra Water Sector Improvement Project) is an

irrigation department scheme, agriculture Support Service is one of the components which is carried

out by Department of Agriculture. The scheme has been introduced in the year 2006-07.

Objectives :

1) Improvement of water user association Order (KVM) Krishi Vidyan Mandal.

2) Training of farmers through faster trainer and extension service provider.

3) To conduct Demonstration of improved technology.

4) Strengtheaic of Agro polyclinic and district training Centre.

5) Development of agril. Business through different projects.

6) To introduce innovative project.

G.National Horticulture Mission (N. H. M.)

National Horticulture Mission (NHM) has been implemented in Dhule district for 2013-14.

To promote holistic growth of the horticulture sector covering fruits and vegetables,Mushrooms,

Spices and aromatic plants. The central government provided 100 % assistance to the items mission

during Tenth plans, during the XII plan, the Government of India assistance will be 85 % with 15%

contribution by the state government.

Objectives of Scheme

To provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector through at area hased. Regionally

differentiated strategies which include research, technology promotion, extension post harvest

management processing and marketing in consonance with comparative advantage of each state

region and its diverse agro climate factors.

1) To enhance horticulture production, improved nutritional security and in case support to farm

household.

2) To promote, develop and discussion technology through a seamless blend of traditional

wisdom and modern scientific knowledge.

3) To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and skilled persons especially

unemployed youth.

H.Micro irrigation scheme:


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The scheme is being implemented in the district to increased the crop productivity & micro

irrigation where water availability is less and for efficient use of water. The farmer who installs drip

or sprinkler system in his farm is benefited up to 50 % of the installed system cost .Out of which 80 %

of the cost is beard by Central and 20 % by State Government.Three important aspect have been

included in the scheme

1. To increase area under micro irrigation

2. Human resource development

3. Drip irrigation demonstrations

Other Centrally and State sponsored schemes which are implemented for increasing the

production and to benefit the farmers in the district are as follow:

Centrally sponsored intensive cotton production technology cotton mission program.

Centrally sponsored Maize development program .

Centrally sponsored Pulses development program.

Centrally sponsored Sugarcane based sustainable sugarcane development program.

Centrally sponsored Oil seed development program.

Agriculture inputs seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and farm equipment distribution through

Agriculture Development Officer, ZP.

A Self employment guarantee program.

Employed Guarantee scheme for horticulture development.

Women’s role in agriculture..

Schemes for food processing.

Integrated watershed development program.

I. Krishi Vigyan Kendra:

KVK is functioning at Dhule under the control of MPKV, Rahuri on campus and off campus

training program on various aspects of technology are organized by KVK in the district. The KVK is

best centre for transfer of technology to the farmers. Frontline demonstration and Lab to land

program demonstrations are taken at farmers fields. The KVK is also best training center for Training

of Facilitator.(TOF)

4.9 Constraint Analysis

4.9.1 Reasons for Yield gap

CEREALS, PULSES AND OILSEED CROPS

Erratic nature of rainfall and lack of in–situ moisture conservation techniques.

Low seed replacement ratio with improved varieties

Lack of seed treatment

Improper plant population

Mostly sown in light soil


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Improper use of fertilizers ( on the basis of fertility index)

Shortage of protective Irrigation facility

CASH CROPS

Cotton

Cultivation of Cotton in light soils

Selection of non recommended varieties for cultivation.

Low plant population (wider spacing)

Non judicious use of fertilizers ( on the basis of fertility index)

Lack of Integrated Pest Management

Heavy cost involved in pest management

Limited area under drip irrigation

Improper crop rotation resulting in nutritional problems and pest complex

Undulating prices in market

Sugarcane

Improper selection of seed material.

Lack of seed treatment.

Reduced soil health due to heavy irrigation

Limited use of improved planting techniques (Jod oal /patta paddhat)

Negligence in plant protection (white fly, wooly aphid)

Improper use of recommended fertilizer doses.

Electricity load shading

Timely unavailability of laborers.

HORTICULTURE

Pomegranate

Improper bahar treatment

Improper nutritional and water management

Aril blackening

Wilt and oily spot disease problem

Custard Apple

Stone fruit formation

Low yield as flowers exhibits both dichogamy and protogynus nature

Lack of update knowledge of training and pruning

Lack of high yield potential varieties

Lack of nutritional management

Amala

Lack of adoption of suitable varieties


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Fruit necrosis and stem borer problem

Low yield due to lack of pollination

Ber

Lack of develop high yield potential varieties having sweet and sour test.


Powdery mildew problem


Citrus

Improper bahar treatment

Improper nutritional and water management

Black mildew and citrus canker problem


Vegetables

Selection of proper varieties according to season

Improper management of disease and pest

Undulating prices in market

4.9.2 Research / Extension / Adoption

Proper emphasis on adoption of organic farming is not done.

Lack of electronic and audio-visual aids facilities for ground level extension workers.

Overload of work due to insufficient departmental staff and increasing no of schemes .

Frequent up gradation of technology is not done.

Transfer of Scientific messages from universities to farmers is not happening.

Lack of interest in farmers level to adopt new technology.

4.9.3 Processing / Storage / Marketing

Unwillingness from the farmers for cooperative approach in processing and

marketing.

Non availability of small storage structures

Charges for availing existing storage facilities not affordable to marginal and small farmers.

Lack of processing facilities at ground level.

Unwillingness among the farmers towards grading and packaging due to fluctuating market

prices.

All the facilities are not available at market place.

(Rest house, weighs, proper logistic, rate display board, storage facilities etc.)


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Table 23 - Recommended interventions with action plan and expected outcome

Sr Sector

Baseline 2011-12

Productivity ( Kg/ha)

INTERVENTIONS FOR NEXT FIVE YEARS

Projection During 5 year (Productivity Kg/ha)

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Kharif ( Cereals crops )

1 Bajra 1095

112500(ha)

Promote in-situ moisture conservation technique like Contour farming and dead furrow opening. ( 13000 ha)

Use of Brine solution (30%),Bio fertilizers and fungicide for seed treatment.(33000 ha)

Sowing of high yielding improved and hybrid varieties like Shanti , Shradha, Saburi , ICTP-8203, ICMV-155. ( 220 ha)

Use of protective irrigation for yield stabilization. (1300 ha)

Organization of trainings and demonstration regarding improved integrated crop production.

( 220 ha)

1120 1150 1185 1215 1250

2 Kharif Jowar

1568

22000(ha)

Promotion of high yielding hybrids and improved varieties with good grain and fodder quality like CSH-9,CSH-5,PVK-801,PVK – 400.

( 500 ha)

Use of Brine solution ( 30 %), Bio fertilizers and fungicide for seed treatment. ( 10000 ha)

Use of Organic Manures and fertilizer as per soil analysis. ( 3000 ha )

Use of I PM (500 ha)

Promoting mixed / intercropping of leguminous crops like Udid, Soyabean through Crop Demonstrations .

( 50 ha)

Provision for protective Irrigation. ( 300 ha) .

1598 1625 1660 1700 1725


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3 Kharif Maize

2437

52700( ha )

Use of high yielding improved and hybrids. Varieties like Karveer,Kargil,Maharaja. ( 120 ha)

Aopt dibbling method at spacing 60 X 20 for early and 75X20 for late varieties. (120 ha )

Use of Bio fertilizers and fungicide for seed treatment.( 7800 ha )

Use of Zinc Sulfate for better grain filling.(120ha)

Organization of trainings/demonstration regarding improved integrated crop production.(120 ha)

2460 2500 2520 2550 2575

4 Nagli Finger millet

761

800( ha )

Use of improved high yielding and

local varieties.(100 ha)

Promotion of Grambeejotpadan (100 ha)

Promotion of seed treatment. (1000 ha)

Organization of trainings/demonstration regarding improved integrated crop production. ( 20 ha )

Promotion of Value addition techniques.

processing for good returns. ( 100 ha )

765 770 775 780 790

Rabi ( Cereals crops )

5 Wheat 2125

28000(ha)

Use of improved high yielding varieties and promotion of aestivam specis for increased market prices.Varieties like HD-2189,NIAW-301, NIAW-34.

( 500 ha )

Timely sowing before

15thNovember. ( 5000 ha)

Seed treatment with Bio fertilizers and fungicide. ( 5000 ha)

Use of proper fertilizer doses on the basis of soil analysis. (500 ha )

Adequate irrigation facility to ensure good yields (500 ha )

2140 2165 2180 2100 2130

6 Rabi Jowar

1194

9200(ha)

Encouraging farmers for adoption of high yield hybrids and improved varieties with good grain and fodder quality. Varieties Like Selection-3, CSV-14, PKV, Phule Yashoda.

( 50 ha)

Use of Brine solution ( 30 %) , Bio fertilizers and fungicide for seed treatment.( 3000 ha)

Promoting intercropping of crops like Safflower, Gram ( 50 ha)

1215 1240 1275 1295 1340

Kharif (Pulses)


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7 Tur (Red Gram)

591

7500 (Ha)

Use of high yielding Varieties -BSMR-36, BSMR-853,AKT-8811

( 100 ha)

Seed replacement up to 30 % for good yield potential. (2400 ha)

Proper seed rate ensuring optimum plant population (75000 plants/ ha).

Use of Bio fertilizers, fungicide and Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 2800 ha)

Promotion of Integrated Nutrient Management. ( 2800 ha)

Increasing area under cultivation through intercropping with Maize, Jowar, Soyabean and Groundnut.

( 2800 ha)

620 645 690 715 740

8 Mug (Green Gram)

411

18100(ha)

Use of high yielding varieties Utkarsha ,Vaibhav , BPMR-145,Kopergaon-1.( 200 ha)

Seed replacement up to 30 %. . ( 6000 ha)


Use of Bio fertilizers,fungicide and Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 6000 ha)

Timely control of powdery mildew and taking preventive measures with dusting of sulfur. ( 200 ha)

450 490 530 690 730

9 Udid (Black Gram)

515

5500 (ha)

Use of high yielding varieties like TPU-4,TAU-1 . ( 100 ha )

Seed replacement up to 30 %.


Use of Bio fertilizers, fungicide and Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 2400 ha )

560 590 1620 1650 1690

Rabi (Pulses)

10 Gram (Bengal Gram)

1086

21000 (ha)

Use of certified seed with proper seed rate ensuring optimum plant population (333333 plants/ ha).

Promotion of Varieties like Vijay,Vishal,Virat, PKV-2 ( 500 ha)

Use of Bio fertilizers,fungicide and Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 4200 ha)

Use of Organic Manures and fertilizer as per soil analysis and recommendations through demonstration .(100ha)

Use of Integrated pest management ( 4200 ha)

Oil seeds (Kharif)


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11

Soya bean

1610

11000 (ha)

Use of high yielding varieties like JS-335, DS -228 ( 500 ha )

Use of Bio fertilizers,fungicideand Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 1600 ha )

Use of Organic manures and fertilizers as per soil analysis through demonstration ( 1600 ha)

Proper use of Phosphatic fertilizers. (1600 ha )

Use of Sprinkler system to overcome dry spell.

( 100 ha ).

Use of Integrated Pest Management. ( 1600 ha)

1640 1690 1720 1770 1800

12

Ground

nut (Kharif)

800 K

14600 (ha)

1382 S

5500(ha)

Seed replacement with improved varieties

SB XI, TAG-26,TAG-24 ( 300ha )

Use proper seed rate ensuring optimum plant population (2.2 lakh plants/ ha). ( 12500 ha )

Use of Bio fertilizers, fungicide and 1Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 12500 ha)

Promotion of sprinkler Irrigation System to over come dry spell .

( 300ha K,100 ha

Proper use of Phosphatic fertilizers.

Use of Micro Nutrient and Gypsum. ( 12500 ha )

Use of plastic mulching technique in summer season. ( 35ha S )

Increasing area through border, mix and inter cropping with cotton and cereals. ( 300ha S,100 ha S )

820

1398

860

1425

890

1460

900

1500

920

1520

Cash Crop

13

Cotton

294

156200 (ha)

Use of high yielding and improved variety having long staple. Varieties like JLH-168, NHH-44,Banni-145,Malika-207,Mahyco-6918

Increasing the plant population by close planting. (50000 ha )

Use of Bio fertilizers ,fungisides and Trichoderma for seed treatment.

( 35000 ha )

Use of Organic Manures and fertilizer as per soil analysis and recommendations.(440 ha )

Application of Fe, Mg, Zn, Sulphate for controlling reddening .

300 320 330 360 380


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( 440 ha )

Promotion of intercrops viz.green gram,black gram,Soyabean , cow pea as trap crop.(6000 ha)

Use of Micro Irrigation ( 2000 ha )

Use of Integrated Pest Management. (50000 ha)

Clean picking and storage for good price. (10000ha )

Promotion of Community Farm Pond for protective irrigation.

( 400 ha )

14

Sugar Cane

65 ton

5200 (Ha)

Use of high yielding varieties with good recovery like Co –0265, Co-86032,

Co-94012.Co-8014. ( 4200 ha )

Seed treatment with Acetobactor (4200 ha)

Use of Organic Manures and fertilizer as per soil analysis and recommendations. ( 4200 ha )

Promotion of Drip Irrigation (1500 ha)

Promotion of inter crop like potato, gram and vegetables etc. ( 2000 ha )

Use of Integrated Pest and Nutrient Management. ( 4200 ha )

70 75 85 95 110

Fruit plants

14

Ber

14

Timely training and pruning.

Integrated Pest Management for Fruit borer and Powdery Mildew.

Integrated Nutrient Management

15 16 17 18 19

15

Custard apple

9

Proper Bahar treatment.

Timely harvesting, grading and

packaging.

Use of value addition techniques like

pulp making.

Use of Growth Harmone

10 10 11 11 12

16

Amala

12

Plant selected varieties viz., Krishna,

Kanchan

Drip irrigation

Promotion of processing and

mrketing.

13 13 14 15 16

17

Lemon

15

Timely training and pruning

Bahar treatment

Integrated Nutrient management.

Drip Irrigation. .

Rejuvenation of old orchards

Planting of Lemon in calcium free

soils.

16 17 18 19 20


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18

Pomegranate

15

Integrated Crop Management.

Promotion of drip Irrigation

Management.

Proper grading and packing for good

price.

Use of apiculture to enhance fruit

setting.

Promotion of Processing and

Marketing

16 17 18 19 20

19

Mango

8

Rejuvenation of Old Plantations

Plantation in lime free soils.

Use of Improved Varieties

Proper Bahar Protection for

mango hoppers.

Integrated Crop Management

Promotion of Drip Irrigation

Marketing and Processing Facilities

8 9 10 10 11

20

Guava

20

Proper Bahar treatment.



Promotion of Marketing and

Processing Facilities.

21 22 24 25 27

21

Papaya

16

Planting of mosaic free seedlings

Use of Integrated Crop Management

Use of Boron for best fruit quality.

Promoting Drip Irrigation.

Adjust planting period with market

requirement to get best market

prices.

15 16 17 18 19

22

Banana

15

Use of tissue culture seedlings for

uniform and disease free plants



Use of Mulching

Promotion of Marketing and

Processing Facilities.

Clean cultivation and use of proper

preventive control through systemic

fungicide for Sygatoka disease.

16 17 18 19 20

Vegetable crops

23

Onion

134

Use of certified high yielding varieties like ……..

Growing of healthy seedlings on raised bed.

Seed treatment with fungicides for wilt disease and use of biofertilizer.

Integrated Pest and Nutrient Management

Use of micro sprinklers.

Promotion of improved Onion storage Structures for Marketing and Processing Facilities.

19 22 23 25 27


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24

Chilly

4.5

Use of high yielding and indigenous varieties having good pungency with red colour.

Use of healthy seedling.

Use of Bio fertilizers and Trichoderma for seed treatment.

Use of Growth hormones to control flower rop.

Use of recommended split doses of fertilizers.

Use of micro irrigation system.

Use of Integrated Crop Management.

Promotion of Marketing and Processing facilities particularly chilli powder.

4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6.0

4.10 Researchable Issues

Reduction in input cost :

With the aim of increasing the yields the farmers are being forced in to debts .For

increasing his yield, more high cost seed, excess use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is used by

him. With the soil saturation the yield have been poor which results in to crop failure and mounting

debts. The current agriculture scenario is depressing .Production cost is high, while selling cost is low.

If the farmer moves on the some other options of farming like organic farming and

apply the use of Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Nutrient Management where he does not

have to apply external inputs and all the necessary items required for cultivating the crops are present

in the farm itself and it reduces the input cost thereby minimizing the farmers dependency on fertilizers

and pesticides.

Contract farming with corporate sectors:

With the entry of several corporate into agriculture scenario, today’s shopping has become a

status symbol. Many of the corporate are approaching to the farmer’s doorsteps for buying their

produce, some thing that the farmers had never expected. Till now the farmer had been forced to sell

his produce at weekly market. He is being exploited by traders, middlemen and money lenders. He is

paid a price which may be minimum or low for his produce and he can not bargain or argue. Corporate

entry into agriculture would find answer that has been troubling the farmer for long that is proper and

affordable prices for his produce.


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With the contract farming farmer will be able to access towards better facilities of transports,

grading and handling. He will not be affected by the sudden price fall in the market as the corporate are

capable of undertaking risk and can face financial losses than small and medium farmers. The big

companies can buy the produce or on contract basis guarantying to pay prevailing market prices. In

order to ensure full participation of high value crop should be brought under contract farming.

Under the contract farming the farmer has not to worry about the marketing of the produce.

The produce is lifted by contract companies from the farms. The contract farmers get help in getting

loans from banks for seeds, equipments etc. Also constant supervision on farmers field is done by the

staff of the company.

Mechanization in the agriculture:

By mechanization we mean that various farming operations that were being done manually are

now being done with the help of machines. Mechanization has become necessity because of various

circumstances such as with the increase of urbanization and development of industries. Around bigger

towns farm labour has migrated to bigger areas , resulting in shortage of particularly in the peak

season period .The cost of manual labour is steadily increasing as the farmer is switching over the

multi-crop agriculture .The time available for completing the various farm jobs is less.

The implements are of various kinds of numerous and the size of the implements as per the

source of power available. Each crop may require its own peculiar implements. At the same time the

cost of the implements is also varying according to availability and mode of work carried out e.g. the

harvester which gathers crops, threshed into separate the grains from the straw and finally collects

clean grains in hopper which is then transferred to accompanying the tractor trailer .

Such machinery which is very much useful to the farmers but can not be afforded by an individual /

small /medium farmers Hence it is necessary to have a machinery like this which is cost effective and

can be operated on a small land holding. This also goes in form other implements and machinery.

Market Infrastructure :

Due to poor efficiency in the marketing channel, marketing of farmer`s produce has significant

consult. It is not only the cause of high and fluctuating market prices but also a cause farmer getting

less prices. The producer and the consumer get a poor deal and the middle man control the market but

does not add much to the value of the produce. Improved infrastructure is the need of of the hour.

Infrastructure like storage facilities (cold room ),loading and weighing facilities should be provided.

Retail Marketing :


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With rising incomes, organization and changing life style, consumer’s expectations are rising.

Food sector is yet to expand potentially. Changing food habits demand for processed ready to cook,

ready to eat, convenience food , packaged preferably branded food.

Retailing of agriculture produce may help bring about transformation in the farming sector by

attracting private investment to improve production, productivity and quality. Retail marketing will

also improve the marketability of the farm produce and generate better prices. This will result in

establishment of backward linkages with agriculture and food processing by beginning with better

quality, primary grading / sorting and handling.

Logistic:

Produce of the farmers reaches the consumer after a long travel and thus indulge the farmer

into heavy transport cost and the same on the consumer. Successful farming operations revolve around

getting the right amount of the right products to the right market at the right time in the most

economical way which is only possible if the farmers have a proper logistic sources at his door step.

The farmers face a heavy loss just because he is not able to transport his produce to the distance market

in a proper way or in time. A cost effective and ready logistic facility is a much needed if the farmer

has to get a better price for his produce.

Agriculture insurance

Agriculture insurance is one of the most efficient and effective risk management tool for

managing various risks in agriculture .Large number of agriculture land is impacted by variation in

rainfall. Rural and agriculture insurance is largely unexplored field and enormous opportunities. The

existing crop insurance scheme is not even convey all the lone farmers let alone the huge numbers

of non lone medium and large farmers spread across.

Only limited numbers of crops and areas are notified .Publicity and awareness program to

educate the farmers about the schemes by the insurance company and benefit of having insurance

cover for their crops.

Credit structure

The farmers usually utilized all type of loan for non productive purpose but he could not repay installments within the period. Hence it is necessary to overcome this serious problem, the credit institutes and agencies should pay attention to lone farmers as they utilize loan at correct path or not. Also Government agencies should attentive about fixed time for recovery of loans which is supplied for various development.

Government agencies should emphasis to disbursement credit for various small unit to Self Help Groups . If S.H.G has get credit within time it could be better to grow up them .


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CHAPTER V

ALLIED AGRICULTURE SECTORS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Agriculture being the back bone, other sectors also form important part in mobilizing the

economy of the district. Extension of the plantations and orchard is made possible by horticulture

development .Also National Horticulture Mission is expanding the facilities for enhancing

production, irrigation facilities and processing for horticultural development in the district.

Animal husbandry is important subsidiary occupation available to the farmers comprising of

rearing of milch animals, poultry for eggs and chicken production, sheep for wool production and

goat for mutton production. The animal husbandry in district is mainly based on local breeds and

traditional methods of management. At present sericulture development in district is almost

negligible and there is wide scope for its expansion. Fishery in the district is mainly in inland ponds ,

water spread areas with traditional boats and nets presently operating in the district.

Soil and water conservation work in district is done on the watershed development basis

with ridge to valley approach. At present there is 28.50% forest area in the district with uneven

distribution in different blocks. In this situation social forestry development has important role to play

in expanding forest area in the district. The rural industries in the district are least developed and

there is scope for expansion through inclusion of processing units. All these sectors are very

important and they need to be strengthened economically and infrastructural for socio-economic

development of Dhule district.

5.2 HORTICULTURE

Horticulture cultivation is still minimum and mostly adopted by small and marginal farmers.

Hence horticulture is being promoted as alternative for field crop under various govt. schemes fore

agriculture diversification. EGS and NHM has helped in increasing the area under horticulture

plantation as it oppose incentives like 100 % subsidies on the plants and inputs. Horticulture plays an

important role in the growth as it contribute forth place in the agriculture GDP of the district.


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Government is also giving subsidies to farmers for instalment of new technologies like drip / micro

irrigation, green houses and hybrid technologies for providing the much needed push to the

growth of horticulture.

Vegetable cultivation is till minimum & its full potential as not been exposed. Floriculture has

also not part of in a big way. The district was always production of chills and fruit corps like amala,

clustered apple, but now it has established itself in the production of fruit crops like pomogrante,

mango and citrus.

Horticulture commodity fruit plants grown in the district are mango (1200 ha),

pomegranate (2450 ha),guava (740 ha),ber (2550 ha),custard apple (970 ha),lime (500 ha),banana

(1570ha),papaya (500 ha), amala (500 ha) and others (760 ha).The total area under fruits crops in

the district is 11740 ha which is about 3 % to the cultivated area. Considering the opportunities and

available resources it is targeted that area under horticulture to be increased from 11740 ha to

18700 ha.

Identified potential Horticulture crops of the district

Fruits: Grapes, Pomegranate, Mango, Banana, Lemon and Sapota, Custard apple

Vegetable: Tomato, Chilly, Cucurbits, Bendy and Brinjal and Minor veg-crops.

Plantation Crops: Coconut and Oilpalm

Spice: Ginger, Turmeric, Tamarind, Garlic, Dry Chillies, and

Medicinal/Aromatic: Pathouli, Amla and Ashwagandh, Coleus, Sappan, Guggal

Flower: Tuberose, Rose, Jasmine, Chrysanthemum, Aster, Crossandra, Marigold, Gladiolus.

Strategies for Horticulture development

1. Encouragement for production of certified planting material.

2. Area expansion of important fruit crops like Grape, Pomegranate, Sapota, Banana,

Pineapple, Papaya, lime and lemon, sweet orange and plantation crops and

medicinal and aromatic plants.

3. Promotion of intercrop like medicinal and aromatic plants in orchards. Introduction

of high yielding varieties and scientific cultivation practices in vegetables.

4. Promotion of floricultural crops both as open field crops and under protected

cultivation.

5. Area expansion under oil palm to increase productivity under edible oil in river basin.

6. Efficient utilization of irrigation water through micro irrigation systems, thereby

reducing the juvenile period of perennial plants to increase productivity and quality

of horticultural produce.

7. Bore well recharging on large scale.

8. Giving thrust for soil and water conservation with special reference to rain water

harvesting.


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9. Promotion of integrated nutrient management and integrated pest management

(including production of bio pesticides and parasites) for control of pest and disease

resulting in higher productivity.

10. Promotion of organic farming by utilizing large quantities of bio mass available for

fruits and vegetable crops.

11. Rejuvenation of oil and senile plantation in Grape, Lime, Pomegranate, citras orchid

12. Promotion of primary processing and value addition to improve employment

opportunities and increase the per capital income.

13. Strengthening the market infrastructure like establishment of wholesale market in

fruits and vegetables and cold storages.

14. Extension services including providing logistics support like qualified personnel and

mobility and efficient utilization of mass media for dissemination of knowledge.

15. Encouragement of public, private Partnership.

Means to achieve strategies

1. In Bijapur District Area expansion of major crops like Grapes, Mango, Sapota, Banana

will be taken up under National Horticultural Mission.

2. Establishment of nurseries for production of elite planting materials will be taken up

under National Horticulture Mission.

3. Promotion of flower crop will be taken up under National Horticulture Mission.

4. Micro irrigation systems scheme is implemented utilizing funds provided under Micro

Irrigation scheme of union government with the state scheme.

5. INM/IPM and production of parasites under National Horticulture Mission and under

state sector scheme.

6. Organic farming under National Horticulture Mission.

7. Rejuvenation of old and senile plantation under NHM.

8. Post harvest handling using funds of state government, NHM and district

comprehensive agricultural plan.

9. Marketing support through NHM and state scheme.

Supportive Service required

1. Research and development through Universities and research organizations.

2. Extension services through Krishi Vignyan Kendras.

3. Financial support through banks.

4. Infrastructure development like roads, marketing facilities through co-operative

sectors in collaboration with government institution.

5. Soil and water management and conservation through water shed department.


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6. Regular supply of electricity through state government

Gaps in Research

1. Research on precision farming in vegetable and flower crops.

2. Research on crop diversification in new crops and proper planning to produce

commodities as per the need to realize higher returns for the investment made.

3. Developing sophisticated statically and mathematical model to analyse the data to

take important farming decisions.

4. Research on diseases forecasting units and bio control.

5. Research on organic farming and its certification.

Gaps in extension services

1. Lack of market led extension to create awareness about quality maintenance,

grading, handling of fresh horticultural crops and value addition, through

organizing group meeting exhibition, krishi melas, study tour, etc.

2. Infrastructure lacuna like inadequate logistic support to the extension personnel at

grass root level and lack of vehicle for movement.

Gaps in Processing

1. Modernisation of processing units for horticultural crops like grapes, mango, lemon,

promoganut, banana & spices.

2. Establishment of food parks,

Gaps in storage

Lack of cold storage unit for better storage of horticulture produce and to avoid

market glut and to fetch better price in future.

1. Need to give emphasis for establishment of pack houses, cold chain and controlled

atmospheric storage.

Gaps in Marketing

1. Inadequate marketing infrastructure like wholesale markets, national terminal

markets, functional infrastructure for collection, grading and scientific retail market.

2. Lack of public private partnership to expand regulated markets and to pump more

money for establishment of marketing infrastructure.

3. Lack of awareness among farming community to take up own marketing

responsibility by availing government subsidy.

4. Inadequate co-operative marketing system for horticultural produces.


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5. Lack of initiatives to encourage contract farming to take up cultivation of medicinal

aromatic plants, vegetables and flower seed production.

6. Lack of strategies to exploit market potential available in the metro cities for

organically produced quality food.

Regulatory issues/reforms required

1. Legislation for efficient use of water specially utilization of grund water may be

passed.

2. Ban on marketing of fruits and vegetables in unhygienic condition.

3. Price regulation for horticultural crops by providing subsidy during market distress

conditions.

4. Regulation to tap export potential, in horticultural crops.

Scope for public private partnership approach

1. There is enough scope to take up PPP approach for expansion of regulated market

and to pump more money for market infrastructure development.

2. Enough scope is available under contract farming to ensure scientific market price

under tie up arrangement with private companies and financial institution.

Strengthening SHG’s/voluntary institution participation

1. Making use of existing SHG’s and locally established group to train and take up

various agro based entrepreneurship to increase per capita income.

Marketing linkage programme

a. Creation of awareness among farming community about market and value

addition.

b. Formation of farmers association at village level to avoid middlemen and creating

direct linkage (safal like market entrepreneurs).

c. Employment of self help group and developing entrepreneurs among the

members of self help groups.

d. Encouraging the farmer to grow demand driven market produce.

Improvement of logistic and transport net work

1. Creating proper accessible roads between all talukas to transport farm produce

easily to district centres.


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2. Agro climatic conditions of the district are suitable to take up cultivation of export

oriented quality cut flowers under open as well as control conditions.

Restructuring department and service system

1. Requirement of vehicle support for mobility of ground level officials to conduct

various extension activities and for effective implementation of schemes.

2. Requirement of computers and internet connection at talukas to speed up the work

under various NHM schemes.

Due to continuous drought in the district and outbreak of diseases in the horticultural

crops, the area under fruit crops especially the Pomegranate is declining, hence efforts are

directed in enhancing the area of different crops. Also possibilities have been explored to

area under medicinal and aromatic plants. Further, concerted effort is also made on

increasing the production.

Watershed Development

Geographical area of district is 7.30 lakh hectares, of which 6.02 lakh hectares is

available for land development activities to reduce soil erosion, increase in ground water

table, forestation and dry land Horticulture. In the next five years, 2.89 lakh areas can be

developed under various schemes on watershed basis.

Due to excess exploitation of ground water in the region, temperature is increasing

as well as it has adverse effect on the rainfall distribution, tending towards the desertification

of the region.

5.3 Animal Husbandry

The present bovine population of the district is 14.91 lakh ,out of which the total population

of cows and bullock is 426800 which is 28.61 percent. The buffalo and he buffaloes are 114004

in number i.e. 7.64 percent. The population of poultry birds is 3.74 lakhs. There are 365 dairy co-

operative societies registered in the district. The total milk processing capacity of district under

Government is 1.20 lakh litters perday and that of Co-operative sector is 1.80 lakh liters per day.

However as private milk business is operating systematically and farmers are able to get good prices

and farmers prefer to provide milk to private sector than Government / cooperative milk centres.

Collection of milk is limited in Government /Co-operative sector. To increase the milk production in

the district it is essential to introduce high milking breeds. Presently villagers are having traditional

cows that can yield only to meet out the daily milk requirement of the family. District is having

favorable condition to produce more fodder. Farmers are doing traditional dairy business and


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hence it is important to make vision for doing commercial dairy business. The present scenario of

animal productivity is given below

Table No: 24 Animal productivity Sector Present (2006-07) Future

Productivity Productivity

Animal Husbandry

Milk ( lakh liters per day) 2.54 3.87

Poultry Production( lakh eggs per year) 9.30 9.86

Wool ( lakh kg wool per year ) 0.91 0.96

Fisheries ( m t ) 1590.00 1707

Constraints for shortfall during 10th

five year plan period

a) For milk production

1. Shortage of high yielding bred cows and graded buffaloes

2. Failure to supply balanced feeds to the milking animals.

3. Lack of grazing lands, green fodder and forage crops.

4. Lack of qualified technical man power as per Veterinary Council’s specifications.

5. Lack of infrastructure facilities for overall veterinary services.

6. Weak veterinary extension activities due to lack of man power, infrastructure and

mobility.

7. Heavy infestation of animals by ecto and endo parasites.

8. Existence of endemic dreadful diseases.

9. Lack of flow of technology from lab to farmers.

b) For wool and meat production

1. Deforestation and encroachment by agriculturists

2. Heavy infestation of animals by ecto and endo parasites

3. The local breed is a poor wool producer

4. Prevalence of brucellosis in large number of goat population.

c) For egg production

1. Less number of layer farms due to high investment

2. Lack of infrastructure at rural areas


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3. Lack of technical man power

4. Lack of flow of technology from lab to farmers.

Strategies to improve production in 12th

five year plan

The success of artificial insemination in domestic animals mainly depends on

maintenance of critical LN2 levels in various veterinary institutions. This requires proper LN2

containers and carriage systems especially at taluka levels. In rural area women are mostly

involved in dairying. Along with up-gradation of local cattle through effective A.I…

programme, high yielding crossbred cows, graded buffaloes if provided to rural poor at

subsidised rate, milk production will be further boosted. For lactating cows, high nutrition is

very critical which should contain carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals at

optimum levels. Providing quality concentrate feeds to farmers at subsidised rates will

increase the production. Green fodder and forage crops access to livestock will decrease

the cost of concentrates and thereby production costs. Repeat breeding problem is

common among high yielding cows, which should be taken by employing qualified

veterinary at rural veterinary staff institutions. Periodical training programmes for farming

community should be conducted at taluk and village levels regarding dairying, sheep and

goat rearing, piggery and poultry etc., will play a vital role in upliftment of their economy

though scientific knowledge.

Good infrastructure for effective veterinary extension activities at taluk level is a must.

Without vet. extension activities at village level and proper mobility, it is quite difficult to

disseminate the latest technology to poor farmers. Existing mobile vet. centres at taluk level

have to be strengthened by providing proper infrastructure and man power. Production of

clean and hygienic milk and other animal products has to be encouraged. Scientific poultry

production (layers and broilers), piggery and other livestock farming have to be

encouraged.

Along with disease prevention measures like mass vaccination against deadly

diseases, health camps play an important role at village level. During outbreaks of endemic

diseases availability of quality medicines will be valuable in saving life of domestic animals

and thereby improving the economic status of the farmer. Eradication of ecto and endo

parasites in livestock especially in sheep and goats has to be given prime importance.

Backyard rearing of productive dual purpose chickens like Giriraj at village level has to be

encouraged. The white colour in the local breed of sheep is an added advantage in the


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improvement of breed. But a suitable exotic breed has to be selected and propagated in

the district to improve wool quality and quantity.

Table - 25 Budget requirement year-wise (Rs. in lakh)

Department

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Total

Animal

Husbandry

and

Veterinary

Services

256.96 345.41 336.87 305.83 1498.75 2743.82

Department

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Total

Animal

Husbandry

and

Veterinary

Services

102.9 45.00 6.00 1797.00 1644.00 3243.44

Table 26 Targeted Growth Rate during XII five year plan period

Department

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Total

Animal

Husbandry

and

Veterinary

Services

10-12% 10-12% 10-12% 10-12% 10-12% -

. The budgetary requirement of the department of Animal Husbandry is presented

in Table 25. The year-wise growth of the sector is shown in Table 26


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5.4 Fisheries

The total area under fisheries in Dhule district is 5,333 ha,which is inclusive of inland ponds.

All major irrigation structures are having good facilities for the development of fisheries. Total length

of the 8 main rivers in district is 485 km. Total fish production is 1702 MT out of which 315 MT is in

Shirpur, 415 MT in Shindkheda, 435 MT in Sakri and 537 Mt in Dhule. There are 63 fishery societies

having 4442 members engaged in fishery business. Block wise present fishery societies in the district

are as follows:

Table No: 27 Present status of Fishery societies

Block No of Societies No of members

Dhule 33 2144

Sakri 13 1018

Shirpur 11 872

Shindkheda 6 408

Total 63 4442

To increase fish production and supply of quality fish seed stock, Department of Fishery has

introduced fish seed rearing unit at Mukti (Nakane). Low fish production occurred due to poor

management of feed. To increase more fish production in the district it is essential to introduce high

stocking of fish seed. Fisher man introduces only 10 to 20 thousand of fingers instead of 1 lakh

fingers per ha.

Major fish seed stocks like Katala, Rohu, Mrugal are introduced in district. The present

scenario of fish production is given below :

Table No: 28 Fish production

Sr. No Title 2006-07 2012-13

1 Fish Production ( in MT) 870.00 1702

2. Cost of Production to producer (in lakh)

217.00 612

3. Fish Seed (in lakh) 64.00 70

Fish seed production, rearing and distribution

In this scheme it is proposed to supply fish seed for the various tanks by means of

tender–cum–auction or lease. A 50% of subsidy for the purchasing fish seed will increase

demand for fish. This will help to increase fish production in the district.

Assistance to fishermen for purchase of fishery requisites

In this scheme it is proposed to assist the fishermen by providing 50% subsidy for

purchase of fishery requisites like fishing nets and coracles to fishermen in the district. It will


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increase in fish catch and also it will help to improve the economic condition of the

fishermen in the district.

Matsyavahini – assistance for fish marketing

It is proposed to assist 100 fishermen for marketing of fresh fish by providing 50%

subsidy for purchase of tricycle, bicycle and insulated box. It will help them to carry fresh fish

to distant places and market them.

Exhibition and Training

To educate the farmers to take up fish culture scientifically, training to farmers in fish

culture activities would be conducted. A stipend of Rs.100/- per day to each trainee and

Rs.200/- towards travelling expenses to each trainee will be provided.

In this scheme, exhibition activities will also be taken up to create awareness among

the public regarding fisheries.

Renovation of fish markets in the district

It is proposed to renovate the fish markets and establish new fish markets in the

District by providing assistance so that to provide fresh fish in hygienic condition to the

public. It will help the retail fish sellers to sell the fish in a systematic way.

Ornamental fish breeding assistance and maintenance of Aquarium

This scheme is being proposed to impart the information regarding different types of

ornamental and commercial live fresh water fish to the public by maintaining the

aquariums in public places and also to establish ornamental fish breeding units in the

district.

Construction and Maintenance of Fisheries Building and Facilities

Provision is made to meet the expenditure on operation cost, purchase of aquaria

equipments, fish feed, ornamental fishes and maintenance of aquarium and buildings.

Assistant to take up fisheries development in well and ponds

In this scheme it is proposed to supply 500 fish seeds at free of cost to develop fish

culture in their own wells and tanks. This will help to increase fish production in the district.

Subsidy for construction of fish culture ponds

Under this scheme the fish farmer will be provided subsidy of Rs.30,000/- per acre

for the construction of fish ponds in water logged area.

Loans to fisheries Co-operative Societies


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The fisheries Co-operative have financial hardship in their activities; it is proposed to

provide financial assistance in the form of loan.

The requirement of funds for fisheries sector i.e. for existing and proposed to given in

Table

Budget requirement year-wise (Rs. in lakh)

Department

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Total

Fisheries 11.24 11.65 13.29 6.05 10.00 52.23

5.6 Sericulture Development

Sericulture development in Bijapur district is not traditional but started in recent

years. The agro climatic condition, soil etc., are quite favourable for cultivation of mulberry

and silk worm rearing. The irrigation has been a factor influencing the growth of mulberry

cultivation in the district.

Sericulture farmers mostly depend on Departmental staff for silk worm rearing and

cocoon production.

The proposed action plan for sericulture activities for five years is enclosed in

annexure (physical and financial).

New Plantation

For the year 2014-15, 250 ha of new plantation is planned. In subsequent years,

20% of new plantation target is increased, proportionately the cocoon production also

increased.

Subsidy for new plantation

The department is already giving incentive for new plantation for small, marginal,

SC/ST and women farmers. For 1.00 acre area incentive amount is Rs.5,000. The area

targeted in subsequent years in XII plan is 100 acres per year.

Subsidy for Kisan nursery

As Dhule district comes under non traditional area for sericulture and due to shoot

rearing method there is non availability of seed cuttings for area expansion. Hence, there is


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kisan nursery scheme to develop saplings for distribution to new farmers. For one lakh

nursery raising the subsidy is Rs.50,000.


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Subsidy for Drip Irrigation

Dhule district is drought prone and due to scarcity of ground level water, the

subsidy for drip irrigation is given, which is very helpful to irrigate the mulberry garden. The

subsidy per hectare is Rs.50,000.

Subsidy for Rearing House

The separate rearing house is very essential for rearing of silkworms. Most of rearers

are not having separate rearing house. Hence this programme is proposed. For 1000

square feet rearing house, subsidy is Rs.75,000 and for Sc/ST Rs.90,000.

Subsidy for Rearing/Reeling equipments is very essential to rear silkworm and reeling of

cocoons, hence the subsidy programme for equipments is proposed by the department.

The maximum subsidy available to rearing equipment and reeling is Rs.30,000/- and

Rs.40,000/- respectively.

Credit Programmes

For development of Sericulture, initial investment is required. Since the farmer is

unable to invest in constructing separate rearing house. Drip irrigation, and for purchase of

rearing/reeling equipments, facility is planned, credit programme is taken up to help the

farmers as well as reelers.

The budget required for sericulture sector during XI plan and the estimated growth

rate is given in Table 29

Table 29 Budget requirement year wise

(in Lakhs)

Department

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

Sericulture 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 50.00

Note: The staff salary and other expenditure is not included in the Budget sheet.


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5.5 Watershed

The main components implemented so far under this program are soil and water

conservation, water resource development, dry land farming, a forestation, agro-horti development,

horticulture development, theme based training programs, exposure visits etc. Main activities

undertaken for soil and water conservation are earthen dam, check dam, earthen embankment,

farm pond, CCT, loose boulder farm bending etc. Total 727915 ha area of 687 villages have been

proposed under the watershed development program.

Impact observed due to the intervention of watershed activities helping at greater extent in

increasing ground water level, reducing drinking water problem of the community, increasing crop

production, green canopy, farmers are adopting crop rotation, change in cropping pattern, organic

farming, area under vegetable cultivation, minor irrigation practices etc.

5.6 Social Forestry

In the district out of total geographical area, 208890 ha (28.50%) is covered by forest. Social

forestry program in district has been started since 1980. Social forestry program is being

implemented through 4 plantation officers, 2 government nurseries and 2 educational social

nurseries. Schemes which are presently under implementation and targeted projections are given in

the following table.

Table No: 30 Scheme wise projection of Social Forestry Development

Sr.No Activity Year 2007-08 to 2011-12

Phy Fin (Lakh)

1. Plantation on community land. 20 Ha 4.86

2. Plantation on Private land 851 Ha 93.84

3. Road side plantation 808 km 397.3

Total 496

Sr.No Activity Year 2007-08 to 2011-12

Phy Fin (Lakh)

1. Plantation on community land. 100 Ha 24.30

2. Plantation on Private land 1500 Ha 165.40

3. Road side plantation 808 km 397.3

Total 587.00


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5.7 Agro Based Rural Development Programs

As majority of population lives in the rural area having agriculture as a main profession.

There is much differences in the district with regards to geography, climatic and socio-economic

conditions. The important rural development programme like Manav Vikas Mission is playing

important role in development of tribal rural areas in Sakri and Shirpur tahasils. Under Manav Vikas

Mission jaggary units are functioning in Sakri block. Also important agrobased industries like mini dal

mill, oil mill, Poultry feed manufacturing unit and common facility centre etc. can be implemented

through Manav Vikas Mission in Dhule district.

Since 2005-06 Rashtriy Samvikas Yojna implemented in Dhule district through which

Kitchen gardening, vermiculture, Vermicompost units and various crops demonstration

were carried out. These activities are helping to uplift economic conditions of farmers in

rural area. Another important programme National Horticulture Mission started from 2006-

07 in Dhule district under which Community tank, onion storage structure, vermiculture

unit, packing house, green house, shed net Bee keeping, poly house, area extension in

horticulture plays an important role in rural development in Dhule district.

5.8 Food Processing Units

For the value addition in the agriculture produce it is felt to strengthen and start small and

medium food processing units in the district. It is observed that 25 to 30 % agriculture product

detoriates still it goes to consumer. The reasons behind this is, unavailability of proper storage,

grading and processing units in the district. Main food products being used for processing are Nagli,

Ground nut, Soyabean, pulses, chilly etc and fruit used for the purpose are mango, Custardapple,

Aonwla, Papaya, tomato etc. Total 89 food processing units are in functioning in the district.

5.9 Development of Rural Industries

Agro-based industries play an important role in the development of agriculture and

economic development of rural areas. Due to lack of facilities for industrial development Dhule

district is far behind in industrial production. At present there is only one sugar factory located in

Shirpur Block of the District Dhule. District is having two starch factories situated one in Dhule and

another in Dondaicha block in district Dhule. Presently for lint preparation district is having two

ginning mills one is at Morane village in Dhule block and another in Shirpur block. Three more

ginning mills are going to start soon in the district which includes Adivasi Sahkari Sut Girni at


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Dhongade village in block Sakri, Ganga Mai Sahakari sut Girni at Songir and Mahila Cooperative

ginning mill at Ajang village block Dhule.

In the present year sugar cane was not carried away by the factory hence department has

encouraged to start Jaggery units at Samode, Devjipada, Shewali, Kalambhir in Sakri tahsil in Dhule

district. Besides these other rural industries in the district are oil mills, Dal mills, handlooms, dairy

industry, Saw mills, Cattle feed unit, Vanaspati ghee manufacturing unit, neem extraction and neem

cake production unit, bio fertilizers like PSB-Azototobactor production unit are in swing in the

district.

5.10 Agriculture Marketing

Fast transfer of technological information from agriculture research system to the end users

and visa varsa is one of the important inputs to increase our farm productivity. However technology

transfer has been the major constraint. Only 30% of the generated technology are adopted by the

farmers. Technology transfer is confronted with several problems like lack of manpower and

professional approach. Thus the ratio of extension worker to farm families is very low. But efforts

have been made to provide farmers with new and better farming structure which now leads to

adoption of new varieties of Integrated crop management system. The small and medium farmers

are also getting benefits from this service. A continuous approach is required through careful

planning of crop selection based on local and environmental sustainability.

The demand and supply challenges in agriculture need efficient markets and linkage up to

small and marginal farmers. With open Indian economy and globalization of marketing of products

have brought about challenges in restructuring our production and marketing strategies to meet

the changing scenario. In the recent years the retailing business is experiencing a change from the

traditional type of retailing to modern retailing markets. Super markets (Malls) are growing not only

in big cites but also in small cites and towns.

The important factor deciding the agriculture production is supply of inputs which needed

to be taken in to consideration. Timely supply of quality inputs will certainly boost the productivity.

The farmers co-operatives and common supply centres may be encouraged to improve the input

supply structure.

As majority of our population depends on agriculture for their livelihood, marketing of the

agriculture produce plays very important role in deciding the economic condition of the rural

population in Dhule District.

Depending upon mode of trade and transaction, agriculture marketing can be classified in

three broad types as follows -

1) Primary Markets – These markets are organized at specific day in a week at village level. Large

number of farmers sell their produce in these primary markets. It is the nearest market available to

the farmers.


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2) Secondary Markets – These market organize at 20 to 30 km area. These are mainly located at

district, Block place or important trading center or at place of railway station. These are the bigger

and major markets where large number of farmers can sell their bulky produce

3) Terminal Markets – In these markets the produce is delivered to the consumers or distributers by

train or exported by boot to foreign countries. Godown’s are provided in these markets from

where produce is distributed to the farmers.

Present market structure

At present there are 4 Agriculture Produce Market Committees one each at Block place viz,

Dhule, Shirpur, Sakri, Shindkheda in Dhule District. Also there are 9 sub market committees

available in the District viz 3 in Dhule Block, 2 in Sakri Block, 3 in Shindkheda Block and 1 in

Shirpur Block respectively. These Agriculture Produce Market Committees and Sub committees

in Dhule district are the main market available for the farmers in the district for marketing of their

agriculture produce. These APMC’s and sub market committees provide guest house, drinking

water, cattle shed, shelter and drinking water for cattle.

Also storage facility is available to some extent. In Sakri and Shirpur, Adivasi vivid karyakari

co-op societies functioning as secondary distributer of Adivasi vikas Mahamandal are purchasing

the agriculture produce from the tribal farmers. Majority of the farmers sell their produce in their

market in Gujrath like Surat, Baroda etc for getting better price of their produce.

There is need for regularizing and reconstruction of marketing structure in Dhule district

Godowns, Cold storage, transportation, road and rail network in the district needs to be

improved for the benefit of agriculture marketing. Also the minimum support price of different

crops should be decided on the basis of actual cost of production of the crops. Value addition

FARMER

LOCAL TRADER /

ASSEMBLER WHOLE SALE DEALER

(Secondary Mrkt)

WHOLE SALE TRADER

(Primary Mrkt)

INTER STATE DEALER COMMISSION AGENT EXPORTER

DOMESTIC MARKET OVERSEAS MARKET DOMESTIC MARKET


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along with supply chain may infact increase the income and employment opportunities for

farmers.

Drawbacks in Agriculture Marketing –

Traditional systems of marketing agriculture produce has several drawbacks as depicted

below :

1) When production level is low the farmers have to sell their produce in weekly markets to the

Traders in their vicinity due to which they do not get proper price of their produce. Concept like

Raitu Bazar is in the present marketing system to be taken up.

2) There is very strong network of middle men and inter mediatory in the established system of

market. These middle men are charging maximum commission for their services, due to which

farmers are unable get profit from the sell of their produce.

3) There is lack of facilities of infrastructure at all levels due to improper transportation facilities,

packing material unavailability. Farmers are unable to sell their produce in long distant bigger

markets where they can fetch some profit.

4) There is loss of about 10-20% of agriculture produce due to poor storage facilities, not applying

proper packing methods and harvesting techniques. If farmers store their produce properly then

they can get maximum profit by timely selling their produce.

5) Cold storage is very essential for seasonal and perishable agriculture produce. Due to

unavailability of cold storage facilities farmers are forced to sell their produce immediately in

market at reasonable low rates . The initial construction cost and maintance cost is not in the reach

of small farmer .

6) Grading, processing and certification facilities are not available in markets due to which quality

produce is not graded and farmers not getting advantage of their produce.

7) Marketing news, prevailing markets rates, demand-supply statistics in markets not available to

farmer at village level..

8) Weight and measures in market are to standardized regularly so as to benefit farmer.

9) Farmers are scattered, there is no co operative marketing structure available for their benefits.

5.11 Agriculture Credit

The credit structures need to be reformed with the service area approach to increase the

productive tending for increase in the production, productivity and income level of the rural families.

The credit besides quality seed, irrigation and fertilizers is one of the most important input to achieve

these objective and it needs to be supported by the noncredit inputs like technology, extension

support, motivation of the people to adopt latest scientific technology, making support etc. for this a

coordination between credit agencies and developmental agency of the Government has an

almost importance in implementation of the service area plans. It is expected to have an effective

coordination of both in following ways.

Coordination of the efforts of credit institution and Government agencies at grass root level.

Ascertaining the availability of backward and foreword linkages for every economic activity.


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Promoting spirit of cooperation between credit institutions and Government agencies.

Identification and bridging the infrastructure gaps required undertaking the economic activities.

The financial institution operating in Dhule district have played a vital role by deploying required

credit. The contribution of commercial bank under this category is to the tune of 192 Crs. Out of

which 892 Crs are utilized for priority sector. NABARD has made special provision of Rs.166 Lakhs in

the district credit plan for Agro and Food processing.

The district is served by 76 branches of the major commercial banks, 77 branches of Dhule

district central co-operative bank. In addition to this, there are 11 Urban co-operative banks,

1 Urban pat sanstha, 144 employees pat sanstha, 383 primary agriculture co-operative credit

societies (PACS), 41 Adivasi Co-operative societies and 444 other pat sanstha are functioning in

district. Among these institutes commercial banks, district central cooperative bank, primary

agriculture co-operative credit societies and Adivasi Co-operative societies are the major supplier for

agriculture credit. There is no branch network of regional rural bank in the district.

Credit plan for 2008-09 is to an amount of Rs.308 crores of which 203 cr credit for

agriculture sector which is about 66%. Among the total credit plan Rs 156 cr provided for crop loan

which is 77%. Out of total credit plan 95% of crop loan is only in kharif. For this year crop loan sector

is increased by 38%. This projection is mainly due to vavour and relief scheme and maximum

issuance of kisan cards. Provisionof Rs 22.71 crores is for allied sector of which Rs 12.78 crores is for

post harvest management and Rs 9.93 crores for dairy,animal husbandary.

Due to Akkalpada dam and Tapi barrages there will increase in area of sugarcane and

banana which may lead to higher projection in micro irrigation system. Also due to ”Dhaval Kranti”

scheme through Manav vikas mission there is large scope for dairy business, hence it is necessary to

provide good part of credit.

Kisan credit card:

With a view to provide adequate and timely support to the farmer from banking system for

the cultivation needs including purchase of agricultural inputs in a flexible and cost effective manner.

The concept of Kisan credit card is introduced, Banks are expected to issue cards to the farmers who

are eligible for sensation of production credit of Rs.5000 and above.

NABARD plays a proactive and catalytic role in implementation and monitoring the

progress of KCC scheme. The KCCs are operated on the lines of traditional loan practices. The banks

should educate the borrowers to draw on the limits as and when funds are required for farming

operations and effect repayments as and when they are placed with funds in order to reduce the

interest burden.

Initiatives/ steps needed for improving agriculture credit.

1. Instead of providing subsidies , timely loans at low rate of interest need to be practiced.

2. The crop loan provided to the farmers must be utilized for its purpose rather than wasting it

for unproductive works.


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3. Big size dairy and dairy processing units be encouraged to exploit potential for dairy through

supply of credit.

4. Agriculture credit needs to be extended to new technologies such as tissue culture plantlets,

food processing, green house technology, cold storage and storage godown be

encouraged.

5. More Self Help groups be promoted and linked with credit.

6. The Government agencies should devote their fixed time for recovery of loans disbursed

under various schemes.

7. Kissan Credit Cards are to be issued to all families of farmers.

Table No: 31 Agriculture credit distribution during last Three years.

(Amount in lakhs)

Sr. No.

Sector 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 upto

Dec.07

1 Crop loan 15382 15103 13787

2 Agri. Term loan

Total Agriculture

Table No: 32 Network of Primary Agriculture Co-op. Credit Societies in Dhule district (2013-14).

Sr.No

Taluka No.of PACS

No. of Members

No.of Loany Farmers

Loan Distributed (Rs. In Lakh)

1 Shirpur 90 23230 13108 4190

2 Shindkheda 116 29640 15695 4243

3 Sakri 77 23916 9345 1807

4 Dhule 128 36762 21709 4863

Total 411 113548 59857 15103

Table No: 33 Average crop loan distribution in Dhule district By DCCC Bank.


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Table No: 34 Average crop loan Projections in Dhule district By NABARD

Potential for increasing credit flow in the district

1. Area under irrigation is increasing

2. Implementation of National Horticulture Board and National Horticulture Mission

schemes resulting in the expansion of the area

3. Export potential of Grape and Lime

4. Establishment of Wine factory resulting in enhanced area under wine varieties

5. Anticipated improvement in the Air and Rail transport resulting in the better

connectivity to the market places

6. Initiatives by the Banking sector to cover each eligible farmer under Kisan Credit

Card Scheme.

1. Construction of Godowns in the Market Yards

Sr.No.

Taluka No.of farm

families

No.of membe

r of PACS

No.of loany farmer

Loan distribution target in next five years (Rs in Lakhs)

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 Dhule 134238 56432 42541 2512.0

5 2763.25 3039.57 3343.53 3677.88

2 Sindkheda 56960 71585 38173 2249.8

9 2474.88 2722.37 2994.61 3294.07

3 Shirpur 62333 41968 29896 2532.3 2785.53 3064.08 3370.48 3707.53

Sakri 71026 73181 30661 989.18 1088.1 1196.91 1316.6 1448.26

Total 324557 243166 141271 8283.4

2 9111.7

6 10022.9 11025.2 12127.7

Sr.No

. Bank

No.of Bank

No.of branches

No.of loany

farmers

Loan distribution target in next five years (Rs in Lakhs)

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

1 DDCC 1 111 29435

11345 15680 19650 23650 27650 2 CBI 1 75 54439

Total 18 186 83874


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In the peak marketing period usually due to more arrivals and less demand, rates in

the market will be less. In order to safeguard the interest of the farmers the construction of

the godowns in the market yards are proposed. Rupees lakhs is projected

estimate.

2. Construction of Rural Godowns

It is known fact that distress sale by the producer is the root cause for all miseries and

in order to overcome this problem, it is proposed to construct Rural Godowns. Further in

Dhule and Sakri, Shindkheda taluks, farmers are growing lemon, grapes, onion, banana,

pomegranate and seeds in huge quantity all commodities are perishable in nature. In order

to safeguard the interest of the farmer, construction of godowns on scientific method

(particularly for onion) proposal of Rs. lakhs is estimated.

3. Cold Storage

In view of the preserving perishable commodities like fruits, vegetable, etc., it is felt

necessary to provide cold storage facilities in the respective markets at the cost of Rs.

lakhs.


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4. Formation of Rural Roads

Rural roads coming under the various markets area in the District are proposed to

construct with appropriate estimated cost of Rs. lakhs, for the formation of rural roads which

are not related to PWD, ZP, Panchayat and Irrigation Department. Such roads are helpful to

farmers to bring their produce from field to their village and to the market.

5. Improvements to Rural Shandys

There are about 30 shandys in the district which are primary assembling centres and

lack infrastructure facilities such as drinking water supply, roads, auction platform, electricity

etc. It is proposed to provide above facilities an estimated cost of Rs.1000.00 lakhs over a

period of five years.

6. Construction of Drying Platforms and Auction Platforms

It is most necessary in the various sub-markets of the respective markets in the

interest of the farmers to get better price. It is proposed to construct drying and auction

platforms with an estimated cost of Rs.1000.00 lakhs.

7. E-Tendering

To record daily market arrivals, sales and prices and disseminates the said information

to the various markets, gram panchayats are to keep record with computers for the smooth

administration, estimated cost of Rs.200.00 lakhs is proposed.

8. Grading and Cleaning Units

Under this scheme Rs.800.00 lakhs is proposed to provide grading and cleaning

facilities.

9. Building in yards (shop/office) Sanitary Block

The APMCs of the district constructed shops, sanitary blocks to the public and office

building for the administration purpose. Shops are allotted on leave and license/ lease-cum-

sale basis and sanitary blocks in the market yards are not properly maintained and repairs

are to be taken up. Hence, estimated cost of Rs.2000.00 lakhs is proposed.


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10. Providing Transportation facilities

Farmers of the Bijapur and Sindagi talukas are growing Grapes, Pomegranate,

Lemon and vegetables in huge quantity. Due to non-availability of refrigerated vehicles for

transporting the produces to the market or to Cold Storage, most of the farmers are getting

lower price. In order to safeguard the interest of the farmers it is proposed to provide

refrigerated vehicles to the concerned APMCs Estimated amount of Rs.100.00 lakhs is

proposed.

11. Up Gradation of Fruits and Vegetable Market

The present available facilities in all the APMCs are not sufficient. To provide better

services to the farmers growing huge quantity of grapes, pomegranate, lemon and

vegetables etc., all the required facilities are to be provided on scientific method. Estimated

amount of Rs.1000.00 lakhs is proposed.

12. Improvement of Internal Roads and Drainages in the Market Yards

The market committees have provided internal roads and drainages in the market

yards but are not sufficient. In the interest of the farmers, traders, commission gents, and in

general public, roads and drainages in the market yards are to be provided and to keep the

healthy atmosphere in the market yards. Hence Rs.1000.00 lakhs is proposed.

13. Water Supply and Sanitary Arrangements

Water supply and sanitary arrangements in the market yards are to be provided and

to keep the healthy atmosphere. It is felt necessary to spend Rs.500.00 lakhs.

Extension activities:

Involvement of people in all forestry activities is the latest strategy recommended by

Government of India. As such in all these activities sufficient extension activities will be

carried out in order to influence people to take part actively. Necessary publicity through

News papers, audio and visual media, brochures, pamphlets etc., and awareness creation

programmes will be implemented in association with local NGO’s.

Information will be provided to the people regarding the worth of the produce, sale

and demand, place of marketing.


- 118 -

To encourage and impart technology raise and maintain hygienically different

seedlings to the people in their own land.

Participation of students and NGO’s with forest department to provide proper

linkage communications.

The proposals enunciated here are positive steps towards making Dhule district – A

Green district and achieve Green Revolution a great success.

5.11 Co-operation Development

Agriculture is mainly depended on the rainfall received during the monsoon seasons

and most of the crop loan they avail is through the societies functioning in the rural areas.

The commencement of various irrigation schemes in the district may get assured

crop in both the seasons. Because of the lack of storage facilities, crop produce was sold a

throw away prices. So storage facility would be provided to farmers who are members of

Primary Co-operative credit society/Banks. This will help the farmers to get the higher price

for their agricultural produce.

5.12 Special programs ongoing in the district

a.State department of fisheries:

The department of fisheries is operating various schemes in the district for the benefit of

fishermen. The District Development Fishery Officer (DFDO) controls overall activities and

implementation with the help of Assistant Fisheries Development Officer (AFDO) and under the

guidance of Regional Deputy Director of Fisheries. Department provides technical guidance and

prawn and fish seeds, nets, equipments boats (non mechanized) are supplied to them on subsidized

rates (mainly for SC and ST) beneficiaries.

b. State department of social forestry and forestry:

Dhule district is having 28.50% forest area. Efforts are being made to increase forest area up

to 33%. At present the department is running three schemes for the farmers as follows-

I. Kisan Nursery

II. Village Economic Development programme

III. One day training programme for farmers.

c. Animal Husbandry department:

Department of Animal husbandry is divided into two sectors viz. State and Zillah Parishad.

District Deputy Director and District Animal Husbandry Officer are the district heads of state and Z.P.


- 119 -

sector respectively. Artificial insemination, treatment, vaccination castration, parasite control are the

main works carried out by these institutes. Extension activities like calf rallies, pashu pradarshan,

pashu melawa, mass training program are arranged by this department.

5.13 Constraint analysis of allied agriculture sector

1.Animal husbandry and Livestock rearing

Scientific calf rearing supplement of proper nutritious feed to growing calf in gestation.

Making availability of artificial insemination at farmers door step.

Lack of proper demonstration cum training of good rearing practices.

Feeds supplement and parasitic control drugs of poultry.

Supplement of graded male for genetic up gradation backyard poultry.

Scope for caged poultry upgrading.

Genetic up gradation local sheep / goat to use of breed males rams / bucks.

2.Fisheries :

Interventions required

Non availability of fish seed as production unit not available.

High cost involved in pond construction.

Lack of interest on farmers level due to less knowledge regarding fish farming in tanks.

Fluctuating prices in the fish market.

Fish societies have less share capital.

3.Dairy development :


Milk collection centers not available in each village.

High cost involvement for rearing high milk yielding animals.

Green fodder not grown by farmers.

Lack of farmer interest due to unavailability of labour.

Low milch production animals.

4.Forestry :


Uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel and fodder for cattle.

Tree plantation programs are neglected after planting.

Uncontrolled grazing destroying the newly sown plants before establishment.

Increased incidence of pest and diseases on forest trees viz. neem, teak.

Table No – 35 Recommended interventions for the district

Sr. Sector Baseline 2006-07

INTERVENTIONS FOR NEXT FIVE YEARS Projection During 5 year

(Productivity Kg/ha)


- 120 -

(Productivity Kg/ha)

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015 -16 2016-17

1 Milk

Production

18.00 Lakh lit / year

Encouragement of Fodder Production

though Demonstration

Encouragement of low grade refuges

(Low cost feeding)

Training for Dairy Development methods and Exposure visit to Model Dairy and allied Activities to ladies

Clean milk campaign and strict action against adultration.

100 days programme for conception

to be followed.

Back ended subsidy for Feed Factory

Encouraging milk product through Mahila Bachat Gat.

Milk chilling centers to be set up at local level collection of milk through dairy co-operative societies.

Proper logeistic planning for collection of milk

20.00 22.00 23.50 24.00 25.50

2 Poultry

production

12.00 Lakh Eggs / Year

Back ended subsidy for poultry Units (25%)

Feed supplementation and parasitic control Drugs.

Supplying cages for poultry to protect against natural enemies

Supplying of breeding cocks for genetic upgradation for back yard poultry.

Kerosene operated small incubators for back yard poultry.

Vaccination program to be strictly followed.

14.00 15.50 16.00 17.50 18.00

3 Animal

Husbandry

Scientific Calf Rearing and Genetic

improvement through selective

breeding program.

Door to door artificial insemination services and cold chain to be

maintained strictly.

Awareness among the farmers about insemination

Brucella testing should be compulsory

Scientific rectification of infertility in Milch Animals.

Training of good rearing Practices

Supply of feed supplements and

parasite controlling Drugs..

Training of good rearing Practices Supply of feed supplements and parasite controlling Drugs.

1.00 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.50


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4 Fish

Production 1855 Mt

Establishment of Fish Seed

Production Unit.

Fish seed stocking in impounded

Water

(25% subsidy)

Assistance to Fisheries Requisites

(Supply of Fishing Equipments viz.,

DISCO Net , Shanshan Net) (85%

Subsidy)

Capital Share to Fisheries Cooperative

Societies (3 societies per year Only)

Training to Fishermen Youth ( 2

Trainings Per Year for 50 participants

each year )

1900 1930 1950 1970 2000

Chapter VI


- 122 -

District Plan

6.1 Strategy for achieving XI Year plan projections

Improvement of productivity and income of farmers in the existing

enterprises and farming system by adoption of demonstration.

Organization of technology based training program.

Diversification and intensification of existing farming system.

Sustainability in productivity / income through integrated farming approach.

Integrated Nutrient Management

Integrated Pest Management

Seed multiplication and Replication

Up gradation of marketing strategy.

Strengthening and formation of farmers organization

Human Resource Development

6.2 Policy support required for CDAP :

CCoonnssiiddeerriinngg tthhee ppaarrttiicciippaattoorryy nneeeeddss eemmeerrggeedd ffrroomm vviillllaaggeess aass wweellll aass eexxppeerrtt ggrroouuppss ffiinnddiinnggss,,

ffoolllloowwiinngg aarree mmaajjoorr aarreeaass wwhhiicchh nneeeedd aatttteennttiioonn iinn ddiissttrriicctt ppllaann..

1. TThhee rreemmoottee vviillllaaggeess nneeeedd ttoo bbee ggiivveenn mmoorree aatttteennttiioonn ffoorr iinnccrreeaassiinngg tthhee ccrroopp pprroodduuccttiivviittyy aanndd aarreeaa

uunnddeerr iirrrriiggaattiioonn bbyy wwaatteerrsshheedd ddeevveellooppmmeenntt aaccttiivviittiieess..

2. 2.AAvvaaiillaabbiilliittyy ooff eelleeccttrriicciittyy ttoo mmeeeett tthhee wwaatteerr rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt ooff tthhee ccrrooppss aatt ccrriittiiccaall ssttaaggeess dduurriinngg tthhee

ssttrreessss ppeerriioodd..

44.. 33..TTiimmeellyy CCrreeddiitt ffaacciilliittyy wwiitthh iinnccrreeaassiinngg tthhee lliimmiitt ooff ccrroopp LLooaannss..

55.. 44..TThhee pprroocceedduurree ooff LLooaann ttoo bbee ssiimmpplliiffiieedd ..CCrreeddiitt sshhoouulldd aallssoo bbee aavvaaiillaabbllee ttoo ffaarrmmeerrss oonn llooww

iinntteerreessttrraattee

66.. ffoorr nneeeedd bbaasseedd aaccttiivviittiieess,, lliikkee FFaarrmm ppoonnddss,, FFaarrmm iimmpplleemmeennttss,, BBuulllloocckkss eettcc..

7. 55..TTiimmeellyy aavvaaiillaabbiilliittyy ooff qquuaalliittyy sseeeeddss && ffeerrttiilliizzeerr..

8. 6.LLaarrggee ssccaallee sseeeeddss pprroodduuccttiioonn oonn ffaarrmmeerr`̀ss ffaarrmmss bbyy DDeeppaarrttmmeennttss aanndd UUnniivveerrssiittiieess..

1100.. 77..TThhee MMiinniimmuumm ssuuppppoorrtt pprriiccee sshhoouulldd bbee bbaasseedd oonn tthhee aaccttuuaall ccoosstt ooff pprroodduuccttiioonn..

11. 88..CCaappaacciittyy bbuuiillddiinngg oonn IInntteeggrraatteedd CCrroopp MMaannaaggeemmeenntt PPrraaccttiicceess..

13. 9.The Livestock rearing and processing units need to be promoted at Village level as a mixed

enterprise for securing farmers livelihood.

15. 10.Promotion of Animal Husbandry activities, Dairy Processing and Fisheries Production through

16. enhanced support.

1177.. 1111..PPrroommoottiioonn ooff MMaarrkkeettiinngg tthhrroouugghh ffoorrmmaattiioonn ooff FFaarrmmeerrss GGrroouuppss aanndd ccooooppeerraattiivveess aanndd ccrreeaattiioonn ooff

18. MMaarrkkeettiinngg aanndd ssttoorraaggee FFaacciilliittiieess

Growth Drivers


- 123 -

Agriculture

The crop productivity can be increased by providing the irrigation at the critical

stages of the crop growth by adopting micro irrigation technology. The increased

response of the farmers towards adoption of micro irrigation technology needs to

be immediately addressed. This will enhance the crop productivity.

Farm mechanisation is an important driver of the district as the timely redressel of

farm operations under the present labour crisis situation holds the key to successful

farm output. For the better crop growth farm mechanisation becomes an

imperative. Also, providing assistance to the bullock drawn implements will result in

better output levels on account of timely farm operation.

Agro processing has to be promoted in the big way as the agriculture suffers from

series of problems starting with low production, poor prices and lack of post

harvesting facilities. Hence, crop productivity may be successful when the produce

fetches a good prices.

Soil health needs to be maintained as it is the basic requirement of the crop

productivity. This needs to be addressed by promoting the adoption of organic

farming and by assisting the usage of organic material on a large scale, along with

supplementing the soil with micronutrients. In the recent past, farmers are

enthusiastic in adoption of Organic farming. Hence, it is planned to popularise the

concept of Organic Village and Farmers field Schools in the district on a large scale.

Availability of certified seeds for the rural agrarian farming community is very much

limited because of many factors. Making available the quality seeds has, far a long

time been an un accomplished task, may be because of little knowledge farmers

have about the quality of the seeds. So efforts need to be made to make available

the credit seeds at gross root level at relatively less cost. This enables the self-reliance

among the farmers apart from enhancing the crop productivity.

As the district depends mostly on the rainfall for crop production frequent

occurrence of dry spells results in the reduced productivity, hence farmers are

advised to cultivate crops in wider row spacing so that risk crop failures are reduced.

Horticulture Development

District is known for horticulture production because of the agro climatic and soil

properties. This need to be exploited to take up export quality production of fruit

crops including the dry land fruit crops.


- 124 -

Processing of fruits especially grapes and lime as this industry is performing well in

the district.

Expansion of area under wine varieties needs attention as the Wine Industry has

come up in the district.


Though the district is not traditional for practicing sericulture but limate is congenial

to make this a profitable option.

Animal Husbandry Development

Availability of the dry fodder throughout the year and with up coming irrigation

projects in the district animal husbandry activities finds a scope.

Procurement of milk network is well established both by KMF and Private agencies.


The district has 107 major tanks with a water spread area of 5333 ha. Also the

Sevesn reservoirs with a water spread area of 61993 ha with a fisher folk of 3798

offers a bright scope for extension of the activity across the district.

The district has 63 registered co-operative societies and increasing demand for fish in

the cities as well as in rural areas can be exploited to improve the marketing of fish.

Innovative Interventions and schemes

Agriculture

Promotion of certified seed production with an objective to make certified seed

available to farmers at a relatively lower cost.

Distribution of 75% subsidy to micro-irrigation and enhancing the land ceiling limit

of 2.0 ha per farmer to 4.0 ha.

Providing internet facilities at hobli level and connected to KVKs for getting first hand

information on market prices and technology.

Subsidy to all types of tractors by relaxing the present limit of 35 HP

Promoting wider row spacing in a big way as the district is pruned to frequent dry

spells


- 125 -

Providing opportunity for the Public Private Partnership to open organic produce

outlets at all taluk and district headquarters

Farmers problems should be addressed immediately by farming associations

including scientists/progressive farmers and Extension workers.

Horticulture

Expansion of area under wine varieties

Scientific storage of onion by constructing storage units

Establishment of dehydration units

Watershed

Reclamation of saline and alkaline soils in the UKP area

Construction of series of check dams, thereby water recharging may be achieved in

the nearby borewells and ope wells in the watershed areas

Disiltation of the DON river


Assistance for Fish Farmers’ Development Agency

Assistance to ornamental fish breeding


The local silk market and silk reeling units to be strengthened by providing an

assistance

Animal Husbandry

Doorstep delivery of artificial insemination

Assistance to cattle and sheep breeders’ associations

Establishment of animal disease diagnostic laboratories

Agricultural Marketing

Electronic weighing systems for Market Yards in the District

Cold storage, grading, standardisation and packaging facilities


- 126 -

Vision for XI Plan

For overall development of the farming sector, the district plan of Bijapur emphasises

on varied kind of activities to be taken up by different development departments. The main

objective of this plan is to achieve the targeted growth rate and increasing the farmers

income.

The targeted rate in agriculture is achieved by increasing the productivity of cereals

by 4.0 and oilseeds and pulses by 10.0 per cent. While, the horticulture division

concentrated on enhancing the area and practicing high tech horticulture. Sericulture is

finding a place in the district efforts and are made to expand this as an income generating

sector. Animal husbandry and agriculture go hand in hand, so efforts are directed to

strengthen the farming sector to take up this as an allied sector in addition to agriculture.

Importance is also given to practice the fisheries where ever possible. Also, most important is

the credit facilities extended to farming sector to take up the above said activities. The

targeted credit flow is around 75-80 per cent of the total credit disposal of the district.

District Plan


- 127 -

To achieve the goals of the district with respect to the agriculture and allied sectors

the fund required is around Rs.20062.27 lakh as shown in the figure 6.1.

Fig 6.1 Budget Requirement for the various sectors for the XI Plan (Rs. Lakh)

Summarized Department Wise Budget & Fund Sources

Sr. No.

Summarized Budget Department wise Total Cost

Rs. (Lakhs)

Central Share (75%)

State Share (25%)

1 Agriculture 20004.27

2 Horticulture

3 Soil Conservation

4 Animal Husbandry & Dairy 6.00

5 Fishery

6 Forest 52.00

7 Co-portative and Marketing

8 Social Forestry


- 128 -

9 Agriculture University

10 Distruct Industries Center

11 Total Irrigation Department

Total Agriculture and allied sector


- 129 -

ANNEXURE - I 6.3 Target for production and productivity for XI plan (Year wise)

Table No:30 Area-Production-Yield

Sr No

Name of Crop

Normal 2011-2012

2012-2013 ( Projected )

2013-2014 ( Projected )

2014-2015 ( Projected )

2015-2016 ( Projected )

2016-2017 ( Projected )

A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1 Kharif Paddy

79 53 677 71 99 1391 72 132 1828 42 63 1503 79 166 2100 80 176 2200

2 Jowar 220 345 1568 217 320 1474 197 331 1680 184 201 1094 188 313 1665 190 323 1700

3 Bajara 1125 1232 1095 709 732 1033 675 873 1293 699 569 815 1094 1599 1462 1095 1643 1500

4 Ragi 8 6 761 39 51 1317 31 50 1613 21 27 1329 9 16 1800 10 18 1875

5 Maize 527 1284 2437 551 1405 2550 680 2199 3234 623 1376 2209 833 3257 3910 840 3360 4000

6 Other cereals

8 4 525 22 11 495 17 9 529 17 0 0 35 18 500 38 21 550

7 Total Kharif cereal

1967 2924 1486 1609 2618 1627 1672 3694 2209 1586 2236 1390 2238 5729 2560 2250 5850 2600

8 Tur 75 44 591 43 25 582 61 47 770 82 35 438 94 91 970 95 95 1000

9 Green Gram

181 74 411 141 68 489 182 83 456 147 49 337 191 138 720 195 146 750

10 Black Gram

55 28 515 58 27 470 51 27 529 117 53 461 63 48 760 64 51 800

11 Other Kharif pulses

11 5 465 22 9 409 33 17 515 16 0 0 26 21 808 28 24 850


- 130 -

ANNEXURE - I 6.3 Target for production and productivity for XI plan (Year wise

Sr No

Name of Crop

Normal 2011-2012

2012-2013 ( Projected )

2013-2014 ( Projected )

2014-2015 ( Projected )

2015-2016 ( Projected )

2016-2017 ( Projected )

A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

12

Total

Kharif pulses

322 151 469 264 129 488 327 174 532 362 137 412 374 309 827 380 338 890

13 Total Food grains

2289 3075 1344 1873 2747 1466 1999 3868 1934 1948 2373 1218 2612 6038 3387 2615 8499 3550

14 G.nut 146 117 800 158 117 741 155 152 981 204 127 624 156 170 1090 158 198 1250

15 Seas mum

19 07 353 16 6 348 15 3 183 2 1 377 27 13 480 30 17 550

16 Sun

flower 0 0 0 1 1 580 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 710 2 2 750

17 Niger 0 0 0 1 1 396 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18 Soya bean

110 177 1610 130 233 1789 125 206 1648 178 262 1475 119 227 1910 122 242 1980

19 Other

oil seed 0 0 0 4 3 630 6 2 397 4 0 0 7 4 510 8 5 550

20 Total

oil seed 275 301 1093 310 361 1164 298 364 1221 388 389 1002 312 468 1500 315 488 1550

21 Cotton 1562 2701 294 1660 2588 265 1699 4692 469 2286 1611 705 1732 1160 670 1735 3123 1800

22 Sugar cane

52 3588 69 64 4800 75 66 8985 90 13 1170 90 68 7220 106 70 11 150


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Vision

In present CDAP emphasis on an ambitious target of 4 percent annual growth rate in GDP over the next 5 year to eradicate poverty, achieve food

security and build the foundation of sustainable economic development of the district.

Developing farmers Centric Need Base Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (CDAP) aiming to achieve 4 percent annual growth in the

agriculture and allied sector during XI th plan period for District Dhule by adopting inclusive and participatory approaches

1. Agriculture growth to be maintained at 4 percent per annum by enhancing the double the agriculture production in next 10 years by

improving the productivity of agriculture and the allied sectors.

2. Attain food security in terms of both availability and affordability and ensuring access of the poor to adequate food and nutrition.

3. Focus on creating opportunities for farmers to enhance their net income to a respectable level.

4. Present irrigation coverage in the district is 9.01 percent it is expected that by the intervention proposed under 12th

five year it will reach by

16 percent

5. Promotion of public private partnership in agriculture.

6. Area under Micro irrigation by the promotion of drip and sprinkler irrigation it is targeted to cover an additional area of 6596 Ha in next

five year.

7. Encourage the farmers to investment in food processing sector.

8. Post Harvest technology and Agro Processing to be given additional thrust.

9. Development of future markets for major commodities by dynamic agriculture markets among the nation.

10. A planned soil health program

11. Increasing active involvement of self help group.

12. Making good seed available by the farmers for the farmers through Grambeejotpadan.

13. Reduction in land degradation through soil conservative measures.


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Enhancing the area under organic farming from 1125 Ha to 20000 Ha.

dhule - district department of … - district department of agriculture and allied departments - 2 -...

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