deviance and social control
DESCRIPTION
Deviance and Social Control. Fall 2006. Outline. Crime is normal & Deviance is relative History of sociology of deviance From deviance to social control 2 dimensions of social control Style (penal, comp, etc.) Arena (law, norms, etc.) Design as Social Control. Take-Aways. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Deviance and Social Control
Fall 2006
Outline
I. Crime is normal & Deviance is relative
II. History of sociology of devianceA. From deviance to social control
III. 2 dimensions of social controlA. Style (penal, comp, etc.)
B. Arena (law, norms, etc.)
IV. Design as Social Control
Take-Aways
• Crime is normal• Deviance is relative• Conformity-Deviance as continuum with socially
designated cutoff point• Social control varies
– Law as small part of social control– Norms as the “social” in social control– Sociology seeks to understand distribution of control
• Terms/Concepts: deviance, conformity, norm, social control, label, detterence
Crime is Normal
• Durkheim: distinguish normal and pathological
• Present in every society
• Even a society of angels…
• SOCIALLY pathological if rate too high or low
Even in a society of angels
It does not offend the collective because it is a crime; it is a crime because it offends the collective…
All Behavior Varies and Groups Have a Collective Sense of “How we do it”
• Two possibilities
Under “Acceptable” Over
“Acceptable”
Different
All Behavior Varies and Groups Have a Collective Sense of “How we do it”
Another way to look at it…
US US
THEM THEM
THEM
Example: Sex, Drugs, Rock and Roll
Prudes Normals Addicts
Example: Student Role
Slackers Normals Geeks,Nerds
Example: Reading Pages Per Week
Gut Course Normal Insanelyunreasonable
0 100250
Example: Abortion
When can pregnancies be ended?
Conception
BirthUS Law
Never! “Morning after” Pill only
Example: Premarital Sex
How “far” is OK?
Hold Hands Intercourse
Deviance is relative
• Changes from one society/group to another
• Changes over time
• Classic example of social construct
• But still very real to the group
Deviance is relative: Examples
• Date rape• Honor killings• Hate crime• Enron• Fashion• Smoking• Safe sex• Littering
Social Control Varies
• By Arena– State– Organization– Society
• By Style– Penal
Compensation– Conciliation– Therapy– Prevention– Reform
Black’s Styles of Social Control
Style Arenas Focus
Penal Criminal Law Conduct
Compensatory Contract Law Consequences
Therapeutic Juvenile justice, social work Person
ConciliatoryMediation, marital conflict, labor
conflictRelationship
Prevention Opportunity
Reform Causes
First-Party Control
Second-Party Control Third-Party Control
Controller ActorPerson
acted uponSocial Forces
Organiza-tion
Govern-ment
RulesPersonal
ethicsContracts Norms
Organiza-tional rules
Law
Social Control and Design
Natural Surveillance
Target Hardening
Spatial Hierarchy
Expressing Community Norms
Make Sharing Space Easier
Use Design to Facilitate Pro-pro-social Behavior
IDEO’s Social Mobiles
http://www.ideo.com/case_studies/Social_Mobiles/menu.html
The Electric Shock Mobile
http://www.ideo.com/case_studies/Social_Mobiles/SoMo1-3.html
The Electric Shock Mobile
The Electric Shock Mobile
The Catapult Mobile
http://www.ideo.com/case_studies/Social_Mobiles/SoMo1-5.html