development of wfd compliant transnational monitoring network in the danube river basin dr. igor...
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Development of WFD compliant
Transnational Monitoring Network in
the Danube River Basin
Dr. Igor Dr. Igor LiškaLiška
ICPDR ICPDR SecretariatSecretariat
• 10% of Europe
• 83 mil inhabitants
• 18 countries
Most international river basin in the world
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The Danube River Protection Convention
A legal frame for co-operation to assure the protection of water and ecological
resources and their sustainable use in the Danube River Basin
3
• Signed 29. June 1994• Entry into force 22. October 1998• Permanent Secretariat since 1 October 1999
has been established to implement the objectives and provisions and to achieve the
goals of the Danube River Protection Convention
The International Commission for the Protection of the
Danube River( ICPDR )
Ph
oto
WW
F
COUNTRY
GERMANY
AUSTRIA
of the state
POPULATION*
in DRB
82,398,326 9.300 11.49
8,188,207 7.700 9.51
CZECH REPUBLIC 10,249,216 2.800 3.46
SLOVAKIA 5,430,033 5.200 6.42
HUNGARY 10,045,407 10.045 12.60
capita million %
SLOVENIA 1,935,677 1.700 2.10
CROATIA 4,422,248 3.000 3.71
SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO 10,655,774 9.800 12.11
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 3,989,018 2.900 3.58
BULGARIA 7,537,929 3.500 4.32
ROMANIA 22,271,839 21.000 25.94
MOLDOVA 4,439,502 1.100 1.36
UKRAINE 48,055,439 2.650 3.27
ICPDR TOTAL 219,618,615 80.850 99.88
ALBANIA 3,582,206 0.010 0.01
ITALY 57,998,353 0.020 0.02
MACEDONIA 2,063,122 0.010 0.01
POLAND 38,622,660 0.040 0.05
SWITZERLAND 7,318,638 0.020 0.03
BASIN TOTAL 329,203,593 80.950 100.00
of the state
TOTAL AREA
in DRB
357,021 56,184 7.01
83,858 80,423 10.03
78,866 22,870 2.85
48,845 47,084 5.87
93,030 93,030 11.61
km2 km2 %
20,273 16,422 2.05
56,542 34,965 4.36
102,350 88,635 11.06
51,129 36,636 4.57
110,910 47,413 5.92
237,500 232,193 28.97
33,843 12,834 1.60
603,700 30,520 3.81
1,877,867 799,209 99.72
28,748 126 0.01
301,230 565 0.07
25,333 109 0.01
312,685 430 0.05
41,290 1,809 0.23
2,587,153 802,248 100.00
%
in state
DRB
15.74
95.90
29.00
96.39
100.00
81.00
61.84
86.60
71.65
42.75
97.77
37.92
5.06
0.44
0.19
0.43
0.14
4.38
name statusflag
EU CP
EU
EU
EU CP
EU CP
EU CP
EU CP
EU CP
Apl CP
CP
Acs CP
Acs CP
CP
CP
CP
Economic indicators (estd. in 2002)
GDP on PPP [ Euro / capita ]
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
DE AT CZ SK HU SI HR CS BA BG RO MD UA
EU Water Framework Directive
ICPDR – common platform for the implementation of EU WFD in the Danube River Basin
According to the Article 9 of the DRPC the Contracting Parties to DRPC have agreed to co-operate in the field of monitoring and assessment of the water resources.
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TNMN
• Based on national monitoring networks
• 78 sampling stations (76 provided data in 2003)
• 52 determinands in water
• Minimum sampling frequency 12/year (chem) 2/year (biol)
9
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M D 01
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R O 04
B G0 5
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B G0 8B G0 4
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B G0 2R O 02
B G0 1
R O 01H R0 8
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B IH01
B IH02B IH03 B IH04
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S CG 01
S CG 02S CG 03
S CG 09
S CG 10
S CG 11
S CG 13
S CG 04
S CG 15 S CG 16
S CG 05S CG 14
S CG 17
S CG 07
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H 05
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0 5 0 1 00 2 50 km1 50 2 50
on the Danube River on the tributary
Monitoring location
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I
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Determinand Unit Class I II - TV III IV V Class limit values Oxygen/Nutrient regime
Dissolved oxygen * mg.l-1 7 6 5 4 < 4 BOD5 mg.l-1 3 5 10 25 > 25 CODMn mg.l-1 5 10 20 50 > 50 CODCr mg.l-1 10 25 50 125 > 125 pH - > 6.5* and
< 8.5
Ammonium-N mg.l-1 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.5 > 1.5 Nitrite-N mg.l-1 0.01 0.06 0.12 0.3 > 0.3 Nitrate-N mg.l-1 1 3 6 15 > 15 Total-N mg.l-1 1.5 4 8 20 > 20 Ortho-phosphate-P mg.l-1 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 Total-P mg.l-1 0.1 0.2 0.4 1 > 1 Chlorophyll-a g.l-1 25 50 100 250 > 250
Metals (total) Zinc g.l-1 bg 100 200 500 > 500 Copper g.l-1 bg 20 40 100 > 100 Chromium (Cr-IIIVI) g.l-1 bg 50 100 250 > 250 Lead g.l-1 bg 5 10 25 > 25 Cadmium g.l-1 bg 1 2 5 > 5 Mercury g.l-1 bg 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 Nickel g.l-1 bg 50 100 250 > 250 Arsenic g.l-1 bg 5 10 25 > 25
Toxic substances AOX g.l-1 10 50 100 250 > 250 Lindane g.l-1 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 p,p´-DDT g.l-1 0.001 0.01 0.02 0.05 > 0.05 Atrazine g.l-1 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 Trichloromethane g.l-1 0.02 0.6 1.2 1.8 > 1.8 Tetrachloromethane g.l-1 0.02 1 2 5 > 5 Trichloroethene g.l-1 0.02 1 2 5 > 5 Tetrachloroethene g.l-1 0.02 1 2 5 > 5
11
Variation in the reported values of COD-Cr and Atrazine in AQC samples
Analytical Quality Control
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Load assessment programme
• Integrated with the TNMN
• Loads are calculated for BOD5, inorganic
nitrogen, ortho-phosphate-phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, suspended solids and chlorides (voluntary)
• Minimum sampling frequency - at least 24 per year
15
Joint Danube Survey - Objectives To produce a homogenous data set for the Danube River; To screen the EU WFD priority substances and biological
quality elements not covered by regular monitoring;
To facilitate, specific training needs and improve in-country experience including laboratory inter-comparison;
To promote public awareness.
Upgrade of TNMN according to WFDMajor objectives
• Future TNMN should focus on monitoring needs on the basin-wide level in rivers, groundwaters, protected areas and coastal waters.
• Surveillance monitoring - to provide an overview of the overall status and long-term changes of surface water and – where necessary – groundwater status in a basin-wide context with a particular attention paid to the transboundary pollution load
• Operational monitoring - for those bodies of water reported in the Article 5 Roof report, which have been identified as being at risk of failing to meet their environmental objectives
• Investigative monitoring – primarily national task; basin-wide via JDS, possible also triggering by AEWS
Surveillance monitoring – surface waters
• “Flagship” monitoring of the ICPDR at the basin-wide level– Focus on status as required by Annex V, 1.3– Info needed on trends and loads,
• Should fulfil both WFD and DRPC requirements• The agreements made with the Black Sea Commission
should be reflected as well• It has to be a part of national monitoring networks
• WFD requirements:– Supplementing and validating the risk assessment detailed in the
Danube Basin Analysis – WFD Roof Report 2004 according to Annex II WFD;
– The efficient and effective design of future monitoring programmes;– The assessment of long term changes in natural conditions (under
consideration – proposal to monitor the reference sites on the national level only and report on changes);
– The assessment of long term changes resulting from widespread anthropogenic activity and
– Estimating pollutants loads transferred across international boundaries and their discharging into the Black Sea.
• DRPC:– Compatibility maintained with the TNMN data from years 1996-2005
- would require increase of monitoring frequency as required by WFD
Surveillance monitoring – surface waters
• Surveillance monitoring of ecological and chemical status (complying with requirements as stated in Annex V, 1.3)
• Surveillance monitoring of specific pressures (basin-wide scale, selected determinands, higher frequencies) – more character of an operational monitoring but sites are not dropped after reaching compliance (based on the old TNMN)– Annual monitoring for selected physico-chemical parameters (organic
pollution, nutrients) and relevant PHS, PS and/or other substances. Hydromorphological parameters under consideration – site-specific only
How to put in coherence WFD requirements with a demand for continuity with the current TNMN?Draft proposal:
Surveillance monitoring – surface waters
Surveillance monitoring – sampling sites
• Surveillance monitoring of ecological and chemical status: sites selected on criteria given in Annex V. 1.3.1 – The rate of water flow is significant within the river basin district
as a whole including point on large rivers where the catchment is greater than 8,000 (?) km2
– Sites on the Danube River and its major tributaries– Black Sea coast included (although catchments smaller than 8,000
(?) km2)• Surveillance monitoring of specific pressures
– Sites required to estimate the pollutant load (e.g. of nutrients or hazardous substances)
– Sites for a long-term trend analysis - review of the existing TNMN sites
– Coastal sites included
Surveillance monitoring – quality elements
• Biology– Phytoplankton – Phytobenthos – Macrophytes– Benthic invertebrates– Fish
• Chemistry– PS and other PS – as surveillance strategy/ 1 per WB– General physico-chemical parameters – supportive to biology
• Hydromorphology– Supportive to biology
Quality elements – microbiology ???
• Intestinal Enterococci (I.E.) in cfu/100 ml (ISO 7899- )
• Escherichia coli (E.C.) in cfu/100 ml (ISO 9308-1)
• Are the large rivers selected for bathing water purposes?
• Should these determinands be voluntary or obligatory for the TNMN?
• Is there national sampling and analysis for microbiology?
• In order to assess bathing water quality more determinands may be needed and a rather dense frequency (especially in summer periods).
Monitoring frequency I
Sector Quality element Rivers Coastal waters
Biology Phytoplankton 3 years (6x) 3 years (6x)
Phytobenthos 3 years 3 years
Macrophytes 3 years 3 years
Benthic invertebrates 1 year (?) 1 year (?)
Fish 6 years
Hydromorphology Hydrological regime /Tidal regime
Continuous 6 years (high frequency)
River continuity 6 years
Morphology 6 years 6 years
Monitoring frequency II
Sector Quality element Rivers Coastal waters
Chemistry Priority substances regularly occurring in-stream:
Lindane, Atrazine, Cadmium, Lead, Mercury
1 year (12x) 1 year (12x)
Other polluting substances occurring in-stream:
DDT, Bisphenol A
1 year (12x) 1 year (12x)
Danube Priority substances and other substances on the EC list
6 years (12x) 6 years (12x)
General physico-chemical parameters 1 year (12x) 1 year (12x)
Operational monitoring – surface waters
• Selection of monitoring sites, determinands and frequencies to be done at the national level in line with the information requirements for a particular water body (depending on relevant pressures)– Includes monitoring of protected areas (habitat protection – those
listed in Roof Report) • Used for preparation of a basin-wide report
focused on fulfilling the WFD environmental objectives for water bodies listed in the basin-wide Article 5 report– The information from the relevant national operational monitoring
sites to be presented in a graphical form at the basin-wide scale– For each pressure a separate map should be prepared using the
format similar to that applied in the Roof Report 2004
Surface water
Part A Part B
Surveillance monitoring
TNMN sites national sites
Operational monitoring
All WB from RR 2004 at risk
national sites (WB at risk)
Investigative monitoring
JDS once in 6 years
As appropriate
Monitoring in protected areas
Part A Part B
Surveillance monitoring
national sites
Operational monitoring
All WB at risk in protected
areas shown in RR 2004
All WB at risk in protected
areas
Investigative monitoring
As appropriate As appropriate
Ground water
Part A Part B
Surveillance monitoring
11 GW bodies in RR 2004
national sites
Operational monitoring
All GW bodies at risk out of 11 GW bodies in RR 2004
All GW bodies at risk