3/19/2012 2

Faculty Of MedicineAnatomy Department

Dr. nagwa ebrahim

Development of Veins & Lymphatics

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NoteNote

The main oxygenation organ is theplacenta

The main oxygenation organis the placenta

In embryonic lifeIn embryonic life

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Dorsal aortaDorsal aorta

Vitelline a.Vitelline a.

Umbilical a.Umbilical a.

Cardinal v.Cardinal v.

Vitelline v.Vitelline v.

Umbilical v.Umbilical v.

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The embryo has 3 sets of veins:☻Vitelline V.☻Umbilical V.☻Cardinal V.

Three paired veins drain into the heart at 4-week embryo

Three paired veins drain into the heart at 4-week embryo

Vitelline veins return poorly oxygenated blood from Yolk Sac (gut).

Umbilical veins carry well-oxygenated blood from the chorion.

Common cardinal veins return poorly oxygenated blood from the body of the embryo.

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Sinus venosus

Lt. horn

Rt. horn

Vitelline vs.

Umbilical VS.

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SV

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☻The Vitelline V.☻The Vitelline V.

Yolk Sac

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Yolk Sac incorporated in GITYolk Sac incorporated in GIT

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Septum transversum &Liver development

Septum transversum &Liver development

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Vitelline veins Course oThey follow vitello-intestinal duct (that connect yolk sac with midgut) into the embryo. oAfter passing through the septum transversum they oEnter venous end of the heart (sinus venosus)

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Septum transversum divide course of vitelline veins into 3 parts:☺Supra-hepatic☺Hepatic☺Infra-hepatic

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FATE OF VITELLINE VEINS

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Both V. V. formRt. & Lt. Hepatic Veins

Rt. + Lt. hepatic veinsUnite into:Common Hepatic v.

(Rt. Hepatocardiac channel)

Will giveHepatic segment of the IVC

Between septum transversum & Sinus venosus

Between septum transversum & Sinus venosus

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Inside septum transversumInside septum transversum

2 V.V. break into Hepatic sinusoids

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2 V.V. anastomose as 8-shaped figure

Parts of the 8 figureDisappear giving:Portal v.Sup. Mesenteric v.Splenic v.

Parts of the 8 figureDisappear giving:Portal v.Sup. Mesenteric v.Splenic v.

Caudal to septum transversumCaudal to septum transversum

Splenic vein

Portal vein

Superior mesenteric

v.

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☻Left vitelline V. regress☻Right vitelline V. forms • Portal v.• Sup. Mesenteric v.• Splenic V.

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Umbilical veins

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Umbilical Veins

-Rt. & Lt. umbilical veins pass on each side of the liver

- become connected to hepatic sinusoids on their way. 26

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As the liver enlarges the Umblical Veins Lose their connection with the heart (SV)& empties into the liver

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-Rt. umbilical vein degenerates (7th week)-Lt. umbilical vein is the only to carry blood from placenta to liver-Ductus venosus is a communication between left umbilical vein and Rt. Hepatocardiac channel

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Fate of Left Umbilical Vein

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After birth:

- Left umbilical vein is obliterated to form ligamentum teres

-Ductus venosus is obliterated to form ligamentum venosum

Summary

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Cardinal veins

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Int. Jugular V.

Subclavian V.

Innominate V.

SVC

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Vetilline Umbilical CardinalVenous systems

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SV

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Ant. Cardinal V.

(cephalic region)Ant. Cardinal V.

(cephalic region)Post. Cardinal V.

)caudal region(Post. Cardinal V.

)caudal region(

Cardinal Venous system

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Fate of Common Cardinal Veins

Rt. CCVLower part of SVC

Lt. CCVOblique V .

Of Lt. atrium

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Anastomosis connect 2 Ant. Cardinal veins

Rt. Ant. Cardinal V.

o Rt. Int. Jugular V.o Rt. Innominate V.o Upper Part SVC

Lt. Ant. Cardinal V.

o Lt. Int. Jugular V.o Lt. Sup. Intercostal V.

Anastomotic channel

Lt. Innominate V.

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caudal part of left ant. cardinal Vein degenerate

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Formation of Superior vena Cava

Formed fromoRight common cardinal v.oProximal portion of Rt. Ant. cardinal v.

B) Double SVC A) Left SVC

Congenital Anomalies Of SVC

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Post. Cardinal veins

Connected by iliac anastomosis

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Disappear……………… Replaced By ☻Sub-cardinal & ☻Supra-cardinal veins

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Only remains are:Only remains are:

Rt. Post. Cardinal V.Root AzygosRt. Common iliac v.

Lt. Post. Cardinal V.Lt. Common iliac v.

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New veins develop:

oSub-cardinal oSupra-cardinal v.

&replace posterior cardinal veins.

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o 2 Sub-cardinal veins anastomose

o 2 Supra-cardinal veins anastomose

o Both Sub & Supra-cardinal veins anastomose

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Supracardinal veinsLast veins to develop

Drain body wall

by intersegmental v.

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Sub-cardinal veins

Mainly develop to drain the developing kidney

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Supra-renal vSupra-renal v

Left Renal vLeft Renal v

Gonadal vGonadal v..

IVCIVC

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On both sidesoSupra-renaloGonadal

On Rt. SideoMost of IVC

Anastomosis bet. BothoLeft renal vein

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Supra-renal vSupra-renal v

Left Renal vLeft Renal v

Gonadal vGonadal v..

IVCIVC

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Supracardinal veinsLast veins to develop

Drain body wall

by intersegmental v.

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cranial caudal

Caudal parts:On Rt. IVCOn Lt. disappear

Cranial parts:On Rt. AzygosOn Lt. Hemiazygos

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Inferior vena cava1-Supra hepatic segment: by

proximal part of Rt. VV2-Hepatic segment : by

anastomosis between Rt. VV and Rt. Subcardinal v.

3- Pre-renal segment : by Rt. Subcardinal v.

4- Renal segment: by Rt. Sub-supracardinal anastomosis

5- Post-renal segment: by Rt. Supracardinal v.

6- Beginning of IVC: by iliac anastomosis of posterior cardinal veins

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Supra hepatic segment

Hepatic segment

Pre-renal segment

Renal segment

Post-renal segment

Beginning of IVC

anastomosisanastomosis

anastomosisanastomosis

anastomosisanastomosis

Congenital Anomalies

Of IVC

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Double Inferior Vena Cava

Due to persistence of lower part of left supracardinal vein

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Absence of hepatic segment of inferior vena cava

-Due to failure of anstomosis between Rt. Vitelline vein and Rt. Subcardinal vein

-blood from lower half of the body is drained by azygos vein into SVC

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SVC

azygos

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Prof. Dr. Kawther Ahmed

Sacs

vessels

Nodes

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Development of lymphatics

6 lymph sacs: 2 jugular2 sciatic1 retroperitoneal1 cisterna chyli

2 long. Lymph vesseles from which thoracic duct develops

Lymph nodes develop along lymph vesseles (lymphocytes)

Which of the following shares in the Which of the following shares in the

formation of the formation of the oblique vein of left oblique vein of left

atrium? atrium?

A. Right common cardinal vein

B. Left common cardinal vein

C. Left umbilical vein

D. Right umbilical vein

The upper part The upper part of the superior vena of the superior vena

cava develops from?cava develops from?

A. Right common cardinal vein

B. Left common cardinal vein

C. Right anterior cardinal vein

D. Left anterior cardinal vein

Thank you