CPL INDUSTRIES

Development of Solid Fuels

The Roles of Regulation and

Technology

CPL INDUSTRIES

Overview

• Changes in regulatory framework in RoI

• Technologies

• Biomass inclusion in low smoke fuels

• Advanced thermally treated biomass

• Green energy from biomass and waste

• Hydro thermal carbonisation

CPL INDUSTRIES

Just as a reminder

• Particulates (Pm2.5) in particular represent a major

“emergent” health risk

• In RoI 50% of Pm2.5 emissions are from solid fuel burning

(approximately 10% wood, 20% peat and 20% coal)

• LCC S.A.P.H.I.R.E. study shows impact on air quality in

rural towns

• EU wide problem

• 1200 premature deaths p.a. in RoI

Clean Air Regulation as Applied to Solid Fuels

• Very large contributions from solid fuel burning

CPL INDUSTRIES

Clean Air Regulation as applied to Solid Fuels

Ministers Hogan and Attwood

call for an all-island smoky coal

ban; Ministers Hogan and

Noonan attend CPL Foynes site

launch in June

North-South Interdepartmental

Air Quality Policy Options Study

– undertaken and published.

Comprehensive report justifying

a nationwide smoky coal ban

• Regulation should reduce total Pm2.5 by c 15-20% when in full force in 2019/20• Regulation has stimulated c €40-50m of plant investment and when fully operational c 300 jobs

Minister Kelly announces

intention to implement

country-wide ban by

heating season 2018

Minister Naughten

confirms burning season

2018 for regulation but

with 12 month

implementation period

Q3 Q4

Minister Naughten publicly

states need to ban the

burning of smoky coal

EC Clearance

20132014 2015 2016 2017

CPL INDUSTRIES CPL Foynes Plant

• Plant has low environmental impact

• Low energy process

• All process water reused

• Production and raw material enclosed

• Satisfied All Natura study requirements

• €20m+ investment in SW Ireland –

significant jobs

• Produces (at capacity) 200kt p.a.

• Fuels reduce Pm2.5 by 80% Vs coal and

CO2 by 30% or 50% for blended biomass

fuels

CPL INDUSTRIES Biomass Fuels

Carbon tax supports biomass fuels and blended fuels containing biomass

Carbon Tax Exemption for blended fuels

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

CPL calls for an

exemption for the

biomass portion of its

smokeless fuel from the

carbon tax

Q1

Finance Minister Noonan

introduces provisions to do

this in Finance Act 2014

BEFORE enactment,

mechanism for registration /

administration of the

exemption put in place

through NSAI, so-called

SWIFT 7Q3

Department

of Finance consult

with DG COMP

(State Aid)

Q2 Q2

Minister Kelly signs SI

required to enact provision.

Dossier then passed to

Department of Finance

Carbon tax

exemption for

biomass portion

of smokeless

fuel to be

enacted

CPL Foynes produces 30% biomass product reduces CO2 by c50% Vs Coal

BiomassOlive Stone

Anthracite

CPL INDUSTRIES

• Upgrade lower cost biomass/clean waste to high performance fuels

Biomass Modification Technologies

Torrefaction

Miscanthus

Wood Chip

Straw• Torrefaction – low temperature pyrolysisat 230-300o c

• Heat output c 22kj/kg Vs wood 15kj/kg• Extended fire life

• Potential renewable replacement for peat briquettes

• CPL has Planning Permission for torrefaction at Foynes

but biomass prices and €40-50 pt Carbon Tax not yet

sufficient incentive

CPL INDUSTRIES Pyrolysis

• Produces high quality fuel and gas suitable for energy generation when prepared correctly

Clean Biomass Waste

BioEnergy Crops

Pyrolysis Reactor

Electrical Generation

Bio Carbon

CPL INDUSTRIES Pyrolysis

• CPL Pilot scale production with gas clean up and power generation

• CPL in advanced preparation for development in Almera Spain,

based on greenhouse waste

CPL INDUSTRIES

• Combines wet wastes – broadens potential for carbonisation technologies

• CPL working with Ingelia and Nottingham University to build small commercial pilot plant

producing 2,000t+ pa of biofuels – plant completion targeted May 2018

c200oc liquid phasec20 bar/pressure

Green Waste

Sludges

Food Waste

Biocoal

Dryer

Pellet Fuels

Hydrothermal Carbonisation

CPL INDUSTRIES

• Progressive legislation in relation to Pm2.5 Ireland the leader in Europe, has

encouraged the development of low smoke fuels – UK now following

• Next step – close regulatory loop hole for low heat output smoky fuels

• Medium term trend renewable low smoke fuels, a number of technologies at

different stages of development, Carbon Tax key driver – needs to be higher

• Enforcement of regulation is key

Thank you

Summary

CPL INDUSTRIES

Contact Details

CPL Fuels Ireland

Foynes Briquetting Works

Ireland

+353(0)42 9338618

www.cplfuels.ie