development of science, technology and innovation …€¦ · [email protected] © nacetem 2010...
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© NACETEM 2010
NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION INDICATORS
Nigeria’s Progress Report
Willie O. Siyanbola (PhD Sussex), FMSN, FSESNDirector-General/CEO, NACETEM
Focal Point Coordinator
A Report Presented at the Regional Workshop on Capacity Building in STI Policy Reviews and S&T Statistics and Indicators for West Africa
Bamako, Mali, 10 – 14 May 2010
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE• Nigeria Fact File• Background
– S&T Structure in Nigeria– STI Indicators Project in Nigeria (S&T Statistical System)
• Research Methodology• Major Challenges• Key Outcomes• On-going Policy Research projects• Planned related Policy Research projects• Lessons Learnt
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Nigeria Nigeria –– Some fact fileSome fact filePolitical Independence: 1960 Political Independence: 1960 Population: 140 million (2007)Population: 140 million (2007)Land area 923,000 sq kmLand area 923,000 sq kmEducation/Research institutions: Education/Research institutions: 104 Universities104 Universities66 Polytechnics66 Polytechnics52 Monotechnics52 MonotechnicsAbout 75 Research Institutes About 75 Research Institutes EconomyEconomy6th largest oil producer (OPEC)6th largest oil producer (OPEC)GDP per capita: about GDP per capita: about US$1,000US$1,000Literacy: 70.7%Literacy: 70.7%About 75m GSM linesAbout 75m GSM linesExternal reserves: US$60bExternal reserves: US$60bInflation rate: 14.8%Inflation rate: 14.8%Graduate Unemployment: 35Graduate Unemployment: 35--40% (2005)40% (2005)
Nigeria
A BRIEF ABOUT NIGERIA
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BACKGROUND
• Conceived by NACETEM in 2005 to serve as the basis for the effective management of Nigeria’s STI system
• Considered in similar light to macro-economic indicators handled by the CBN.
• To guide policy advise on S&T issues to the HMST similar to that received by the HMF
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BACKGROUNDIntegrated into NEPAD OST, ASTII in 2008
FGN has so far committed about USD200,000 (2006 - 09) while NEPAD OST USD50,000 counterpart fund (2009)
To be conducted every 2-3 years henceforth
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DEPARTMENTS
STATE S&T MINISTRIES
FEC
PRESIDENCY
NIGERIA S&T MGT STRUCTURE
FMST
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
NINETEEN AGENCIES AND PARASTATALS
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NIGERIA S&T STATISTICAL SYSTEM
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STAKEHOLDERS
NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
NEPAD OST
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COMMITTEE
FMST(NACETEM)
CONSULTANTS
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IMPLEMENTATION COMMITTEE
• Focal Point Coordinator, Dr Willie Siyanbola: DG/CEO, NACETEM
• FMST Representative, Dr ijeoma Unaogu • Representative, CBN• Representative, NUC• Representative, NBTE• Representative, NPC• Representative, NBS• Representative, MAN• NACETEM Technical Committee• Project Secretary/Desk officer – David Adeyeye
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• Formal collaboration instituted with relevant stakeholders e.g. NBS, NUC etc.
• Draft agreement signed between NEPAD OST and FMST
• FTE Survey conducted• Data Collection for R&D and Innovation surveys
completed• Data Analysis completed, report writing ongoing• Project Vehicle purchased to address logistics
problems
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STI INDICATORS: Summary of Recent Achievements
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Nigeria’s Higher Education and Research System
• 104 Universities
• 66 Polytechnics
• 52 Monotechnics
• About 75 Research Institutes and Centres
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National Innovation Survey• Conducted in collaboration with the National Bureau of
Statistics
• Focussed on manufacturing activities btw 2005 - 07
• Sample of top 1000 firms selected from both the 2008 Business Register of NBS and the Stock Market
• Efforts are on to conduct similar survey in the Service sector in 2010
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Conduct of the Surveys• Structured questionnaire with open and closed-
ended questions.• Letter of support from the HMST, ES-NUC and SG-
NBS• Questionnaires were delivered by hand and
lodged at the office of the Heads of the institutions
• Follow –up was through repeated phone calls and personal visits to the designated respondent in each institution
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METHODOLOGY: R&D Survey• R&D Survey: Frascati Manual
• Census of research institutes and universities; some selected polytechnics
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Measured Indicators: R&D Personnel
• Disaggregated by:– Age– Highest academic qualification– Gender– Nationality
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R&D Expenditure
• Disaggregated by:– Expenditure type: labour, capital, other currrent– Type of research– Sources of Funds– Academic fields– Multidisciplinary R&D– National Priority Areas– Targeted Economic Sector
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R&D Outputs
• Academic publication• Intellectual Property
– Patent– Copyright– Industrial design
• Spin out/off
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METHODOLOGY: Innovation Survey
• Innovation Survey: Oslo Manual• Manufacturing firms with:
– Employees of minimum of 10– Activities under ISIC 3.1, Division 15-37
• Service sector with: (2010) – Employees of a minimum of 10– Activities under ISIC 3.1, Division 50-99
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Indicators: Innovation Survey• Product and Process Innovation• Market and organisational innovation• Ongoing/Abandoned Innovation• Innovation Activities and Expenditure• Linkages and Licencing• Motivation for innovating• Effects for Innovation• Information sources for Innovation• Factors Hampering Innovation• Government support for innovation
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Major Challenges
• Understanding of Concepts and Definitions of key terminologies
• Questionnaire Design• Data Collection• Data Analysis
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Challenges: Understanding of Key Concepts
• Estimation of FTE• Different perception of R&D activities in
universities• Difficulty in categorising R&D and R&D
expenditure e.g. Type of research, expenditure according to academic fields, national priority area of R&D etc.
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Challenges: Questionnaire Design
• Rigid and lengthy definition of key terminologies
• Too many tables• Handling of RF, SEO, SIC codes
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Challenges: Data Collection• Labour unrest in Nigerian tertiary institutions• Poor record keeping/management system in
institutions• Missing response e.g. turnover• Breakdown of expenditure on R&D: most
institutions do not have detailed breakdown in the format expected
• Structure of R&D questionnaire (Single questionnaire with inputs from different units of an institution)
• Inadequate expertise22
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Other Challenges: R&D Output/Impact
• Types of R&D outputs• Methodology for measurement
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Modes of Dissemination
• Technical report to be submitted to both the FMST and NEPAD OST
• NACETEM to organise workshop for result dissemination to stakeholders
• Various national and international conferences• Publication of articles in reputable journals
globally
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Related On-going Policy Research Projects
• Reform of Nigeria’s STI System – FMST/UNESCO ($1m)• Review of Nigeria’s Science & Technology Policy
($150,000)• Assessment of Technological Entrepreneurial Attitudinal
Status in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions ($250, 000) –Funded by The World Bank under the STEPB Project
• R&D in Nigerian Tertiary and Research Institutes ($50,000)
• Assessment of Innovation Capability of Selected Manufacturing Industries in Nigeria ($35,000)
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Planned Policy Research Projects
• Assessment of Innovation in Nigerian Film Industry
• R&D and Health Innovation Systems in Nigerian Health Sector
• Database of S&T professionals in Nigeria• Public understanding of S&T in Nigeria• Designing of Indicators for the ‘informal sector’
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Lessons Learnt
• The need to work with the NUC and relevant research institutes on proper and effective record keeping with regards to R&D.
• The need to have common definitions of key terminologies in developing countries’ context e.g. estimation of Full Time Equivalent (FTE)
• The need for improved, early and timely release of funds
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Lessons Learnt
• Embarking on a comprehensive sensitisation workshop for stakeholders before embarking on next round of surveys
• Better methodology of measuring R&D outputs
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THANK YOU
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