development of advanced photonic services of e ... · the czech republic kreonet workshop 2017 nov...

Nov 30th, 2017 KREONET Workshop 2017

Josef Vojtěch Lada Altmannová, Michal Altmann, Ondřej Havliš, Michal Hažlinský, Tomáš Horváth, Jan

Kundrát, Martin Míchal, Jan Nejman, Petr Münster, Jan Radil, Pavel Škoda, Martin Šlapák, Radek Velc, Rudolf Vohnout

Photonic networks department

CESNET a.l.e., Prague, Czech Republic

Presentation available: https://photonics.cesnet.cz/cs/publikace/network-architecture

Development of advanced photonic services of e-infrastructure CESNET

Outline • CESNET introduction

• Development of CESNET2 photonic infrastructure

• New applications. • Time. Frequency.

• Sensing.

• Challenges – one fibre infrastructure only.

• Open Line System - Czech Light • SDN concept

This presentation: https://photonics.cesnet.cz/cs/publikace/network-architecture

Nov 30th, 2017 2 KREONET Workshop 2017

The Czech Republic


• Area: 78,866 km2

• Population: 10,610,947

• Capital: Prague

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic

Source: Ode to my father / 국제시장

CESNET • Established in 1996 as Association of Legal Entities, Czech Education and

Scientific NETwork • development and operation of NREN in the Czech Republic – to support science &

research

• research and development of advanced network technologies and applications

• dissemination of knowledge about the advanced networking topics

• 26 Universities (24 public and 2 state) and Academy of Sciences (54 research institutes)

• NREN – National Research and Educational Network, non-profit , research organisation

• e-Infrastructure provider in the Czech Republic for science and research

• more information on http://www.ces.net

• This presentation available: https://photonics.cesnet.cz/cs/publikace/network-architecture


CESNET


Photonic Infrastructure


2003 CBF

2004 DWDM,

Open DWDM

1999 DFs

2002

NIL

Bidi transmission

Photonic Infrastructure • Total 5890 km of dark fibres.

• Including 1470 km of single fibre lines (bidirectional transmission).

• For special applications and cost advantages.

• 3840 km Czech Light® equipment.

• Open DWDM developed by CESNET, provided by 3 companies.

• 1510 km Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP.


65%

9%

26%CzechLight

noDWDM

Cisco

5890km

3840km1510km

540km

Photonic Infrastructure


Photonic Infrastructure • Crossborder triangle - cooperation of ACONet, CESNET, SANET

• Bratislava (SK) – Wien (AT) since 2002, Bratislava (SK) – Brno (CZ) since 2003, Brno (CZ) – Wien (AT) since 2006

• Open Line System Czech Light® (fibres 519 km and 134 dB)

• 300G single wave all optical transmission over 513 km, five spans where four are 30 dB


Innovative Photonic Applications and Services in NRENs

• High speed data networks are almost everywhere.

• The only medium capable to satisfy constantly growing needs for more capacity on long distances is fibre – this is well known.

• High speeds (400Gbps, 1Tbps) cannot solve all challenges.

• Low and stable latency are important.

• Collaborative efforts like music and dance on different continents.



• New applications: Accurate time, Ultra stable frequency transfers.

• Fibre sensing applications –pressure, temperature, position sensors, biosensors, intrusion detection: humans (e.g. break-ins), animals.

• Time/frequency/sensing applications are really here – non data.

• But: data transmissions are based on coherent detection principles and use multilevel phase modulations like DP-QPSK and DP-16QAM. 1G and 10G still used of course.

• Such ‚photonic‘ signals must be transmitted in the same fibre as coherent high speed signals – for economic reasons.

• Issue to be solved: amplitude and phase modulated signals and (rather) different powers.



• Why time/frequency?

• Quantities we can measure with highest

accuracy – tiny effects are measurable.

• Geodesy, seismology, astronomy...

• Are the fundamental constants really constant?

• Tests of special and general relativity, Higgs boson, gravitational waves,...

• Optical fibre is a good candidate for a distances of

few 1000s of km – RF methods (GNSS, TWSTFT)

reaching their limits


Time and Frequency Services • Development started in 2010 • 2011 interconnection of

• UFE (Institute of Photonics and Electronics) in Prague • BEV (Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying) in Vienna

• 2013 - CESNET becomes the central point –

• 2014 • 300km line Prague-Brno, single medium bidirectional propagation • Parallel transmission of time and frequency

• 2016 • ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) • Upgraded to CLA BiDi (Czech Light Amplifier Bidirectional) - security

risks significantly limited (hacker attacks)

KREONET Workshop 2017 Nov 30th, 2017 13

Time and Frequency Services


• Dual EDFA Bi-directional amplifier

• Transmission of ultra stable quantities (accurate and stable frequency)

• CLI, Web GUI, stability 2 ps (TDEV)

• Currently in service over more than 1100 km of lines

Time and Frequency Services • All fibres shared with data, reserved bandwidth 400/800 GHz

• Total length 2476 km, deployed 1664 km [1]


[1] J. VOJTĚCH et al; „Joint accurate time and stable frequency distribution infrastructure sharing fiber footprint with research network,“ Optical Engineering,56,2,027101.1-027101.7

Time and Frequency Services • 2017

• New bidirectional channel Brno and Ostrava 240 km for planned interconnection with PSNC

• Contractual research in the field of transmission of extremely stable frequency • Connection ISI in Brno with INR in Řež and Temelín Nuclear

Power Plant for online containment stability monitoring



Time and Frequency Services

• 2017 – CLONETS started


Sensing Services • Search for locations with disturbances for T/F = locations with

permanent vibration: bridges, metro, rail, aircraft on runway, etc.

• Occasional vibration source e.g. ground works – possible line disruption

• Utilization: • Early warning systems

• Transportation

• Monitoring of infrastructures

• Telecommunication

• ….


25 Apr 2017 – 4.1 deg, epicentre loc. 20 km SW from Vienna

Sensing Services

• CESNET internal statistics last year


Metro networks experience 13 cuts annually for every 1000 miles of fiber

[1]

The most common causes of fiber cuts –

digging aktivity (58%) [2]

CESNET experienced 121 outages last year

[1] W. D. Grover, “Mesh-Based Survivable Networks: Options and Strategies for Optical, MPLS, SONET and ATM Networking”, PrenticeHall PTR, Upper Saddle River, 2004. [2] Orange (France Telecom) in France (January 2010-March 2011).

• J. E. Simsarian and P. J. Winzer, "Shake before break: Per-span fiber sensing with in-line polarization monitoring," 2017 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC), Los Angeles, CA, 2017, pp. 1-3.

Number of outages caused by fiber cuts

(>10%).

Self Protecting Infrastructure


What is it …

• A new service that is rapidly evolving and very desirable.

• Active monitoring of all vibrations near a fibre cable.

Why is it important …

• Enabling proactive protection

• In combination with SDN and NetOS allows to reduce network outage times.

• Using existing routes, including those with active data traffic.

How it can be done…

• Heavy equipment digging near a fibre will shake a fibre cable before break it.

• Mostly based on evaluation of phase/polarization/ backscatter of the light.

Self Protecting Infrastructure • DOBI - Grant provided by ministry of interior

• Methods comparison


Osciloscop

Problem can be detected – accuracy up to tens of metres.

Optical pulse going through fibre – and going back

Optical fibre

Intruder phi-OTDR



Audio – knocking on cable

Intruder

Fibre closer to intruder is jammed more – phase difference is detected.

Measured fibre

Reference fibre

Two fibres measurement.



Self Protecting Infrastructure • Evaluation of interaction of 100 Gbps DP-QPSK (Coriant Groove) with high-power sensing

system (up to +27 dBm), 100 GHz channel spacing

• Might be a problem in G.653 and G.655 fibres


[1] T. Horvath et al,”Simultaneous transmission of accurate time, stable frequency, data, and sensor system over one fibre with ITU 100GHz grid” accepted for Optical Fibre Technology.

Signals in one fibre: time, sensing, data and frequency.



• Train demo.



• Objects demo.

What Czech Light is


Switching / Routing Cisco

Juniper Alcatel (Nokia)

Infinera …

Czech Light (Open DWDM line system)

Fibers

Czech Light in CESNET2 • Complete open line transmission system

• It uses commercially available transceivers

• Over 13 years of development

• Deployed more than 130 devices CL family on the backbone network

• Better use of fibre capacity (overlap of C + L + BiDi systems)

• More than 13 patents including CZ, EU, US


ROADM/WSS • One degree of multi-degree nodes

• Flex-grid, Colorless, Directionless

• Integrated OCM and OSC

• CLI, Web GUI

• Stackable pizza box • Effective arrangement of optical components, solution to 1U chassis

• NETCONF and YANG control


ROADM/WSS


Broadcast&Select Route&Select

0.5RU per degree 1RU per degree (line direction)

Broadcast

Drop

SelectWSS

Add

tootherdegrees

fromotherdegrees

Broadcat&Select

Drop

SelectWSS

Add

tootherdegrees

fromotherdegrees

Route&Select

RouteWSS

Support NETCONF/YANG


• NETCONF serves as the primary control API

• We are going to SDN, we want standard YANG schemes

• https://www.liberouter.org/technologies/netconf/

grouping optical-channel { leaf center-frequency { type decimal64 { fraction-digits 3; range "190.100..197.200"; } units "THz"; mandatory true; } leaf channel-width { type decimal64 { fraction-digits 1; range "12.5..max"; }

units "GHz"; mandatory true; } leaf approximate-wavelength { type decimal64 { fraction-digits 2; } units "nm"; config false; mandatory true;

} }

Conclusion


• Fibres are able to provide huge capacity still

• And also provide very useful possibilities

26 TBps/C-band 400Gbit/s, 75GHz, DP-16QAM

Acknowledgement CESNET - Jan Gruntorád, Vladimír Smotlacha, Jakub Mer, Václav Novák, Karel Slavíček

ISI - Ondřej Číp, Šimon Řeřucha, Jan Hrabina, Martin Čížek

BUT - Miloslav Filka


감사합니다

Thank you very much for kind attention!

Questions?

[email protected] https://photonics.cesnet.cz/cs/publikace/network-

architecture


development of advanced photonic services of e ... · the czech republic kreonet workshop 2017 nov...

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