Development & Accountability

New opportunities for Civil Society

Overview

Taking stock: Where are we in promoting development accountability

Old & new strategies for advancing citizen participation in decision-making & the prevention of corruption

Outlook: What can we build on – what needs to be done differently

Achievements for CSO Participation

Agreement on central concerns: human rights, transparency and accountability

Stronger recognition of civil society role (AAA)

Openings for civil society participation in policy and implementation

Central role of citizens and legislatures

Challenges

Legitimacy and accountability in question Shrinking space (Civicus, Budget Aid) Capacity Competition Limited impact on mainstream

Approaches to citizen participation

Different engagement strategies: timing, style, focus – upstream/downstream, partners

Demanding rights and accountability Negotiating inclusion in planning / monitoring Focusing on legal frameworks, horizontal

accountability mechanisms Giving a voice: Speaking for or with citizens

Challenges

Exclusion of political and social movements

Pro-forma inclusion in decision-making Social accountability vs . political

accountability Power structures and backlash Domestic solidarity ?

The Corruption-Democracy-Poverty link

The corruption of democratic processes results in unequal development

The empowered democratic participation of the poor prevents the dominance of the interests of a few over the many

Strengthening links

Strengthening the democratic dialogue within societies

Embedding strategies in the operational mainstream of decision-making

Addressing jointly the separate debates on political rights, social and economic empowerment and human rights

Political Representation today

TI‘s approach to corruption in development

Addresses: the accountability of political and administrative representatives to citizens

Uses: a rights based approach

Negotiates: participation in decision-making that converts election promises to development deliverables

Instruments: MoUs, Pledges, DIPs

TI‘s work and the accountability cycle

Citizens Vote & paytax based on promises & performance

Government fulfillspublic or private & national & int. promises

Policies(regulations)

reflectpromises

Budgets (Exp. & Rev.) reflect policy (PETs, RW)

Integrity inconferring of

power

Political Finance -CRINIS

Public Goods& Services

match or failto matchpromises, CRC, PETs, ALACs etc.

Integrity and equityin the execution of

Power

DIPs & Partnerships for

Change

Implementation reflectsbudget allocations and

rules (IP‘s, Impl. Watch)

Information shaped by

private sector and political

interests

Independent information on

promises (e.g. TI‘s CPI, NIS) &

assessment of previous delivery

Conferring of Power

Execution of Power

LegislativeLegislative

EExxecutiveecutive

LocalLocal GovtGovt..

MediaMediaPartiesParties

CSOsCSOs

CSOs

PrivSectPrivSect

Example of 2 tools

Development Integrity Pacts

Citizen participation in political processes

Bargaining power based on basic political rights

Partnerships for Change

Citizen participation in administrative processes

Bargaining power depends on laws or

administrative provisions, aid modalities etc.

Development Integrity Pacts

Pacts between citizens and political representatives on development promises

Shaping and covering all links of the decision-making chain

Containing concrete time-bound commitments on: institutionalised, informed & inclusive participation institutional reforms to mainstream incentives for

accountability (decentr., SEZ, MCA, MoU)

Determining the ProcessDialogues and negotiations between citizens and administrative or political representatives

Build Citizen CapacityTo exercise rights and negotiate development commitments

LEAP Content:

Procedural: Agreement on integrity in decision -making

Substantive: Development priorities of the poor

Facilitation, Neutrality

& Monitoring

Negotiate as part of the DIP a self-monitoring mechanism along with an arbitration procedure between community and representatives to ensure DIP commitments are delivered

Advocacy for

Replication

Maintain high public scrutiny and create demand for more DIPs by citizens and administrative or political representatives

Screen & identify partners

Identify NGOs to partner with

Identify organized CBOs, federations, etc.

Possible fields:Rights to land, water, forest, access to clean water, health, education, credit, markets…

Steps in the creation of a DIP

TI involvement as Facilitator

Partnerships for Change

Pacts based on legal/adm. frameworks between

citizens and administrations

Covering decision-making from policy to

implementation and monitoring

Examples of commitments:

Citizen, community, CSO participation (Round

tables, SPSP, Pov.Obs., PRSPs)

Outlook

Working more effectively with others Complementarities (politial access & constitutencies)

Examples of ongoing dialogues (Kenya, India)

Learning from your experiences – networks, strategies, tactics

Arriving at ideas to strengthen impact – using DIPs as the envelope to scale up existing pilots?

Group Work

Sharing how impact could be achieved What role networks played What accountability relations were

addressed What made the difference