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7/31/2019 Dev Optimize Android

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Deve lop ing and Op t im izing And r o id *

f or I n t e l

At om Pr ocessor - basedMob i le Dev i ces

TABS002

Dawei Cheng, Communication Application Enabling Engineer, IntelYang Wang, Sr. Technical Consultant Engineer, Intel

Ailin Yang, Technical Marketing Engineer, Intel


2/21

2

Agenda

Sect ion Aud ience Dev ice Focus

Developing Apps for IntelArchitecture (IA)-based AndroidDevices

AppDevelopers

Smartphones& Tablets

Board Support Package (BSP)for Android

OEMs andODMs

Tablets

Android Optimizations for IA AppDevelopers,OEMs, ODMs


Summary All All

The PDF for this Session presentation is available from our TechnicalSession Catalog at the end of the day at: intel.com/go/idfsessionsBJ


3/21

3

Andro id * NDK App l i ca t i on

Da lv ik App l i ca t ion

Tw o Types o f And r o id * App l i ca t i ons

AndroidApp Class

JavaSource

Compilewith Javac

Java NativeLibrary Class

Java* NativeLibrary

Compilewith Javac

Create C headerwith Javah -jni

Head FileC Source

Code

Compile andLink C Code

DynamicLibrary

ApplicationFile

Makefile


4/21

4

And r o id * Nat i ve Deve lopm en t K i t ( NDK)I n t r o d u c t i o n

Build performance-critical portions

of your apps in native codes

Reuse existing native codes

Intel Hardware AcceleratedExecution Manager

Significantly enhances performance

for a variety of Android* IAemulator functions

Seehttp://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/

Android developer community:

http://software.intel.com/zh-cn/android/

Visit the Android Developers Zone on the Intel Software Network for

more information about developing Android apps for IA devices
http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/


5/21

5

NDK App l i ca t ion Deve lopm ent an dPor t i ng fo r I A Dev ices

CreateNativeCodes

CreateMakeFile

CompileNativeCodes

Call itfromJava*

DebugwithGDB

Java ApplicationSDK API

JNI

Native Libs

Java Framework

Android* Applications

NDK API

C Framework

i. Can run in x86 directlyii. Adjust UI resolution

iii. Adjust memory allocationfor higher resolution

i. Recompile native codesii. Recompile share libraryiii. Porting ARM* assembly codes

Most Android applications are Java* codes only and can run on IA devices directly;

only a small number of applications contain native codes and need porting.

APP_ABI := x86


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6

Nat i v e Codes Deve lopm ent Cons ide ra t ion

Memory alignment

Force memory alignment

.

Porting NEON instructions (ARM*) to SSE instructions(Intel)

Assembly: consider the architecture difference in big endian andlittle endian;

Consider registers storage limits;

NEON native C libs cant be reused in Intel Atom based platforms

struct TestStruct{

int mVar1;long long mVar2;int mVar3;

};

ARM

x86

-malign-double

Narrow Q register


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Genera l Per f o r m ance Opt im izing

Performance tuning

Use inline functionsinline int max(int a, int b) { return a > b ? a : b; }

Use data type float instead of double

Multithreaded program to make full use of Intel Hyper-ThreadingTechnology on Intel Atom processors

More information : http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-

technology/hyper-threading/hyper-threading-technology.html Make GCC build codes more effective

Add platform specific compile arguments-march=atom

Use specific instructions-msse4

-mavx

-maes

More information: http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/i386-and-x86_002d64-Options.html
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/hyper-threading/hyper-threading-technology.htmlhttp://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/hyper-threading/hyper-threading-technology.htmlhttp://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/i386-and-x86_002d64-Options.htmlhttp://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/i386-and-x86_002d64-Options.htmlhttp://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/i386-and-x86_002d64-Options.htmlhttp://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/i386-and-x86_002d64-Options.htmlhttp://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/hyper-threading/hyper-threading-technology.htmlhttp://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/hyper-threading/hyper-threading-technology.html


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Sect i on Sum m ary

The majority of Android* app just run on IA

Native apps should be recompiled using the Android NDK Architecture (ARM*, IA) specific assembly instructions should be

appropriately coded

Make full use of IA features to improve your Android

application performance

Add platform specific compile switches to make GCC buildcodes more effective


9/219

Agenda


Developing Apps for IntelArchitecture (IA) basedAndroid* Devices

AppDevelopers



OEMs andODMs

Tablets



Summary All All


10/2110

Burst mode 10 full

resolution (8 MP) photosper second

Front and Rear-Facingcameras, LED Flash

Color correction, red eyeremoval

Video & image stabilization

Take snapshots while

recording video Auto white balance / focus /

exposure

Geo tagging support

Single-Motion PanoramaMode

Zero Shutter Lag Exposure

Key BSP Feat u r es at a Glan ceAndro id * CTS / CDD Com p l i an t

HW-accelerated graphics

VP8 video decodeoptimizations

HW-accelerated video decode

H.264 1080p @ 30fps

MPEG-4 Level L3, L5

H.263 baseline L70

WMV9 multi-level support

VC1 1080p @ 30 fps HW-accelerated video encode

H.264, MPEG-4, H.263

HW-accelerated audio decode

HE-AACv1, HE-AACv2, MP3,PCM/Wave

HW-accelerated Flash / AIR

Multimedia

HDMI 1.3a

Clone mode 2 channel LPCM audio @

44.1kHz

Hot Plug support

Logo compliancy testing

2nd Screen

HW-assisted secure boot andfull disk encryption

Netflix* DRM (Playready)

Power and Energy Management

Security / DRM / Power

Accelerometer, Gyroscope

Ambient Light

Barometric pressure,Magnetometer, Temperature

Sensors

Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR, 6

profiles WiFi

WiFi Direct

WEP; WPA/WPA2 PSK

EAP-TLS, 802.1x Enterprise

GPS (A-GPS & standalone)

Connectivity

Imaging

Intels Board Support Packages include all IA optimizations;

CDD-compliance reduces time-to-market for OEMs


11/2111

Agenda



AppDevelopers



OEMs andODMs

Tablets



Summary All All


12/2112

An d r o id * Op t i m i zat i o n s f o r I n t e lA t om Pr ocessor Based Pla t fo r m s

Dalvik VM runtime optimizations

x86 Trace-based JIT

Native Code Generation

Enhanced memory management

(garbage collection) JNI streamlining

Tuning of native libraries

Bionic C optimizations

Javascript & HTML5 optimization

Linux kernel and drivers

Power Management forAndroid

OpenGL* ES 1.1/2.0 Driver

HW Overlay

HW Accelerated Mediadecode/encode

Library to integrate w/Android & referenceimplementation (MIX)

Standard SoC drivers,

middleware and applicationsoptimized for power

Pow er Reduc t ionPe r fo rm ance Tun ing

Intel has a rich history optimizing Java for IA. Weve applied that

knowledge to Dalvik Java with impressive results.


13/2113

I n t e l Ato m Pr ocessor Op t im iza t ions

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Trace JIT enabled

Up t o 6 x I m p r o v e m e n t !

Perform

ance

Source: Intel Software and Solutions Group

1 Intel Z670 reference design with Honeycomb2 SSE = Streaming SIMD Testing on Intel Z2460 CDK with Gingerbread.

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Sign i f i can t im provem en ts i n bo th w eb (HTML5)a n d Ja v a* w o r k l o a ds d u e t o o p t i m i z at i o n s f or I n t e l

SSE ins t r uc t ion s in Andr o id graph ics l i b rar ies .

Perform

an

ce

No Trace JIT1

Dalv ik Run t im e Op t im izat ions And r o id * N at i ve Li b r a r y

No SSE2 with SSE

Linpack CaffeineMark*

HTML5Slideshow

HTML5Zoom

HTML5Animation

HTML5Fancy Show

JetBoy*Stress

AlbumSlideshow(SA)


14/2114

Agenda



AppDevelopers



OEMs andODMs

Tablets



Summary All All

O f f t t t i t i i t i


15/2115

Ou r ef f o r t s st a r t i n g t o g a in r e co g n i t i o nf r o m t h e An d r o id * Co m m u n i t y

Pr e - bu i l t I n t e l Atom I m ages

And r o id * SD K m anager has x86em u lat i on im ages bu i l t - i n

To em u la te an I n t e l A tom - basedAnd r o id phone, in s ta l l t h e I n t e l A tomx86 Sys tem I m age avai l ab le i n t heAndr o id SDK Manager

http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/installing-the-intel-

atom-tm-android-x86-emulator-image-add-on-from-the-android-sdk-manager/

Faster Em ula t ion I n t e l Hardw are Acce lera ted Execut ion

Manager ( HAXM) fo r Mac and Window suses I n t e l Vi r tu a l i za t ion Techno logy

( I n t e l VT) t o acce le r a te x86 em u la t i onby an o r der o f m agn i t ude

I n t e l VT i s a l r eady suppor ted in L inux*( K V M) f o r x 8 6

http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-hardware-accelerated-execution-manager/

Thanks to contributions to AOSP from Intel, the emulator now supportsrunning x86 system images in virtualization mode on Windows and Mac

OSX. This allows the emulator running at near native speed.34,000 downloads in the first week!

Highlighted by Google at

Game Developer Conference1200 downloads in first week


16/2116

Intel Smartphones Coming to UK,France, China India

February 27, 2012

an d f r o m t h e p r ess
http://www.tomshardware.com/news/Intel-Medfield-Phone-Santa-Clara-Benchmarks,14970.html


17/2117

S u m m a r y

The majority of Android* apps just run on IntelArchitecture (IA)

Intel board support packages for Android include thelatest IA optimizations and pass Android CTS,

speeding time-to-market for device makers

Intel has been optimizing Android for IA for manyyears with impressive results


18/2118

W h e r e t o g et m o r e i n f o

I n t e l So f t w a r e N et w o r k ( I SN )

Real developers sharing knowledge andoffering help

Dedicated communities and forums

focused on your interests Worldwide reach News and insights on cutting edge

technology

I n t e l And ro id Deve loper Webs i t e

Great content you wont find anywhere else Technical articles, tools, and How-To guides Native app porting tips & case studies

Info on x86 emulator and Intel HardwareAccelerated Execution Manager

Active forums and blogs written by Intel andcommunity experts

w w w .i n t el .co m / so f t w a r e / a n dr o id


19/2119

Legal D iscla im erINFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT ASPROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVERAND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDINGLIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY

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absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined". Intel reserves these for futuredefinition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them. Theinformation here is subject to change without notice. Do not finalize a design with this information.

The products described in this document may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product todeviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.

Intel processor numbers are not a measure of performance. Processor numbers differentiate features within each processorfamily, not across different processor families. Go to: http://www.intel.com/products/processor_number.

Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order. Copies of documents which have an order number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be

obtained by calling 1-800-548-4725, or go to: http://www.intel.com/design/literature.htm

Medfield and other code names featured are used internally within Intel to identify products that are in development and not yetpublicly announced for release. Customers, licensees and other third parties are not authorized by Intel to use code names inadvertising, promotion or marketing of any product or services and any such use of Intel's internal code names is at the solerisk of the user

Intel, Bluetooth, Atom, VTune, and the Intel logo are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries.

*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Copyright 2012 Intel Corporation.
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20/2120

Legal D iscla im er

Intel Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel HT Technology) is available on select Intel Coreprocessors. Requires an Intel HT Technology-enabled system. Consult your PC manufacturer. Performance willvary depending on the specific hardware and software used. For more information including details on which

processors support Intel HT Technology, visit http://www.intel.com/info/hyperthreading .

Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect theapproximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or softwaredesign or configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluatethe performance of systems or components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance

tests and on the performance of Intel products, reference www.intel.com/software/products.

Opt im iza t ion No t i ce

Intels compilers may or may not optimize to the same degree for non-Intel microprocessors for optimizations thatare not unique to Intel microprocessors. These optimizations include SSE2, SSE3, and SSSE3 instruction sets andother optimizations. Intel does not guarantee the availability, functionality, or effectiveness of any optimization onmicroprocessors not manufactured by Intel. Microprocessor-dependent optimizations in this product are intendedfor use with Intel microprocessors. Certain optimizations not specific to Intel microarchitecture are reserved for

Intel microprocessors. Please refer to the applicable product User and Reference Guides for more informationregarding the specific instruction sets covered by this notice.Notice revision #20110804
http://www.intel.com/info/hyperthreadinghttp://www.intel.com/software/productshttp://www.intel.com/software/productshttp://www.intel.com/info/hyperthreading


21/21

Risk Fact or sThe above statements and any others in this document that refer to plans and expectations for the first quarter, the year and thefuture are forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Words such as anticipates, expects,intends, plans, believes, seeks, estimates, may, will, should and their variations identify forward-looking statements.Statements that refer to or are based on projections, uncertain events or assumptions also identify forward-looking statements.Many factors could affect Intels actual results, and variances from Intels current expectations regarding such factors could causeactual results to differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. Intel presently considers the followingto be the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the companys expectations. Demand could bedifferent from Intel's expectations due to factors including changes in business and economic conditions, including supplyconstraints and other disruptions affecting customers; customer acceptance of Intels and competitors products; changes incustomer order patterns including order cancellations; and changes in the level of inventory at customers. Uncertainty in globaleconomic and financial conditions poses a risk that consumers and businesses may defer purchases in response to negativefinancial events, which could negatively affect product demand and other related matters. Intel operates in intensely competitiveindustries that are characterized by a high percentage of costs that are fixed or difficult to reduce in the short term and productdemand that is highly variable and difficult to forecast. Revenue and the gross margin percentage are affected by the timing of Intelproduct introductions and the demand for and market acceptance of Intel's products; actions taken by Intel's competitors, includingproduct offerings and introductions, marketing programs and pricing pressures and Intels response to such actions; and Intelsability to respond quickly to technological developments and to incorporate new features into its products. Intel is in the process oftransitioning to its next generation of products on 22nm process technology, and there could be execution and timing issues

associated with these changes, including products defects and errata and lower than anticipated manufacturing yields. The grossmargin percentage could vary significantly from expectations based on capacity utilization; variations in inventory valuation,including variations related to the timing of qualifying products for sale; changes in revenue levels; product mix and pricing; thetiming and execution of the manufacturing ramp and associated costs; start-up costs; excess or obsolete inventory; changes in unitcosts; defects or disruptions in the supply of materials or resources; product manufacturing quality/yields; and impairments of long-lived assets, including manufacturing, assembly/test and intangible assets. The majority of Intels non-marketable equityinvestment portfolio balance is concentrated in companies in the flash memory market segment, and declines in this marketsegment or changes in managements plans with respect to Intels investments in this market segment could result in significantimpairment charges, impacting restructuring charges as well as gains/losses on equity investments and interest and other. Intel'sresults could be affected by adverse economic, social, political and physical/infrastructure conditions in countries where Intel, itscustomers or its suppliers operate, including military conflict and other security risks, natural disasters, infrastructure disruptions,health concerns and fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Expenses, particularly certain marketing and compensation expenses,as well as restructuring and asset impairment charges, vary depending on the level of demand for Intel's products and the level ofrevenue and profits. Intels results could be affected by the timing of closing of acquisitions and divestitures. Intel's results could beaffected by adverse effects associated with product defects and errata (deviations from published specifications), and by litigation orregulatory matters involving intellectual property, stockholder, consumer, antitrust and other issues, such as the litigation andregulatory matters described in Intel's SEC reports. An unfavorable ruling could include monetary damages or an injunctionprohibiting us from manufacturing or selling one or more products, precluding particular business practices, impacting Intels abilityto design its products, or requiring other remedies such as compulsory licensing of intellectual property. A detailed discussion ofthese and other factors that could affect Intels results is included in Intels SEC filings, including the report on Form 10-Q for thequarter ended Oct. 1, 2011.

Rev. 1/19/12

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