determination of needle penetration of bituminous material

7/24/2019 Determination of Needle Penetration of Bituminous Material

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Tom Fraser Highways Engineering A Lab Reports

Determination of needlepenetration of bituminous

material.Highways Engineering A

Tom Fraser 33407727

ABSTRACTThis experiment examined the ee!t o" the penetration o"a need#e in oxidised bit$men% &t is a meas$re o" the!onsisten!y% '(R&T&)H )TA*+AR+) &*)T&T,T&-*. 2000/ Asamp#e was tested in three times and an aerage wasta1en% The main !on!#$sion "rom this experiment is thatthe #ower a#$e o" penetration. the harder the bit$men. asthe higher the a#$e o" penetration. the so"ter thebit$men% 'The )he## (it$men Handboo1. 3/ 'hiteoa15

Read5 H$nter. 2003/


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Tom Fraser Highways Engineering Lab Report

-!tober 206.ro$p 89i##ian 9gong


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Introduction

The p$rpose o" this experiment is to meas$re the penetration deptho" a need#e in a samp#e o" bit$men% The penetration o" the need#e isshown as the distan!e trae##ed into the samp#e o" bit$men. whi!h is

meas$red in tenths o" a mi##imetre% )e#e!ting the proper bit$menpenetration rate is importing regarding the #i"e o" the s$r"a!ing andper"orman!e% The warmer the #o!ation and the heaier the tra:!#oad on the s$r"a!e wi## indi!ate that bit$men with #ess penetrationrate is to be $sed% &t is important that ea!h step is "o##owed pre!ise#yso that any anoma#ies are r$#ed o$t% The s#ightest ariation inpro!ed$re !an !a$se #arge dieren!es in res$#ts. whi!h wi## bewritten o as ina!!$rate% (e"ore the test begins. a## e;$ipmentneeds to be !he!1ed "or any s$bstan!es or damages #e"t "rompreio$s tests%

Apparatus:

)tand with penetration need#e and weight '00g/

8o$ntdown Timer

e!tion on the bit$men%4% ?ero the ga$ge then re#ease the need#e at the same time the

!o$ntdown is pressed%6% The need#e is re#eased "or 6 se!onds%@% Ea!h penetration. tota# o" 3. !annot be more than 0mm apart

"rom ea!h other%


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(it$men penetration apparat$s.need#e and ga$ge withspe!imen tray and re#easeb$tton%

'&mage. ?EAL &*TER*AT&-*AL/

'Fig. 2%/

The term !onsisten!y is eryimportant in this test% &t is anempiri!a# meas$re o" resistan!ein gien by >$id to !ontin$o$sde"ormation when s$be!ted to

shear stress% As penetration is re#ated to the is!osity o" bit$menand as the is!osity !hanges when there is a !hange intemperat$re. it is important to standardise this test in order "or a##

res$#ts to be !onsistent%

Results and Calculation:

Res$#ts are ery de#i!ate to test !onditions. there"ore it is importantthat ea!h step has been "o##owed to the pre!ise standard set by ()2000B


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depends on rea!tion times "or when the Ge se!onds has Gnished onthe timer%The water=bo$nd ma!adam roads were the ery Grst $se o" tar. abit$men based binding that was to be!ome tarma!adam. this wordhas been shortened to the "ami#iar tarma!% '(e##is. nDa/ rading

he#ps to assess the s$itabi#ity in dierent !#imati! !onditions% Forbit$mino$s ma!adam. &R8 s$ggests grades 30D40. @0D70. C0D00%hereas in warmer !onditions. #ower penetration grades arere!ommended to aoid so"tening% 8o#der !onditions pre"er higherpenetration grades to preent ex!essie britt#eness% (it$men hasthermop#asti! properties. there"ore be!oming so"ter when heated.i!e ersa when !oo#ed% There"ore we !an ass$me that thepenetration index o" bit$men !an be wor1ed o$t $sing either thepenetration test. or the ba## and ring so"tening point test% -n thesame samp#e o" bit$men. it sho$#d gie. as #ong as ea!h test hasbeen "o##owed to the dire!t standards. the same index res$#t% As it isthe temperat$re s$s!eptibi#ity o" bit$men%

Appendi):

References:

% REA+ H&TE-A9. '%R. +%/ The )he## (it$men Handboo1%LondonB Thomas Te#"ord


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determination of needle penetration of bituminous material

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