desperate residents plead to the kenyan red cross for food in 2008. · 2013. 6. 26. · the 1960s...
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Desperate residents plead to the Kenyan Red Cross for food in 2008.
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A Gene Revolution: Can Genetically Engineered Food
Help End Hunger?
Chapter 20: Feeding the World
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United Nations 2010 estimate: 925 million people (16% of world population) suffered from undernutrition—meaning they did not consume enough calories.
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World Health Organization: 50 million people starve to death every day.
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United Nations’ goal is to achieve total food security— all people at all times having access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food.
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Malnutrition is defined as a state of poor health that results from inadequate or unbalanced food intake.
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The 1960s Green Revolution increased food supplies worldwide.
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The Green Revolution also brought new problems: • Loss of crop diversity • Water contaminated by runoff from farm fields • Water shortages from overuse
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Global population expected to reach 10 billion by 2050.
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Experts say we will need to produce twice as much food.
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Farming more land = clearing more forests and destroying habitats.
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One possible alternative: Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
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Genetic material can be transferred from one organism to another. This can give organisms new traits that are desirable.
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Examples of GMOs:
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In the United States, more than 75% of processed foods contain GMOs, including 85-90% of corn, soybeans, cotton.
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Critics question: • Are GMO foods safe? • Will too much of food supply be controlled by corporations who hold GMO seed patents?
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“Food security in private hands is no food security at all, because corporations are in the business of making money. Not feeding people.”
-U.S. Senator Tom McGovern
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Proponents say private investment is essential in countries that lack large-scale research and development.
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“[Africa’s] programs, agencies, and research centers don’t have expertise. And they don’t have time to build it from scratch.”
-Bill Gates,
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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Environmental pros, cons also must be weighed:
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It will take a combination of strategies to achieve global food security.
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Some are re-examining low-tech options, such as these hand-dug Zai pits in Africa’s Sahel region that facilitate water infiltration to help prevent drought and help seedlings grow.
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“Helping small farmers grow more food sustainably [in developing countries] is the best way to fight hunger and poverty over the long term.”
-Bill Gates