designing and implementing rainwater harvesting systems
TRANSCRIPT
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ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
From Catchment to Reuse: Designing and Implementing Rainwater Harvesting Systems
Presenters
Heather Kinkade, FASLA, LEED AP BD+C
President, Forgotten Rain
Sandra A. Brock, PE, CFM®, LEED AP BD+C
Chief Engineer, Nitsch Engineering
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Agenda
Introduction
Rainwater Harvesting System Components Heather
Water Budget Sandy
Case Study: Heather
Case Study: Sandy
Q&A All
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Did You Know?
Outdoor water use accounts for 30% of the 26 billion gallons
of water consumed per day in the U.S (Source: USGBC)
That’s 7.8 billion gallons of water per day for mostly irrigation!
Aspenlandscaping.ca
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
What is Rainwater Harvesting?Collecting stormwater from impervious surfaces
and storing it for reuse
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A New Idea?
Capturing and re-using rainwater is
not a new or complicated concept…
www.ens-newswire.com
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Why Rainwater Harvesting?
Rainwater harvesting can be used to
supply water for non-potable uses
Rainwater harvesting can be used
for stormwater management
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Rainwater Harvesting Benefits
Conserve potable water
– Reduce water/sewer bills ($$)
Protect water resources
– Reduce the volume of
stormwater runoff
– Improve stormwater quality
Demonstrate sustainability
– Contribute to LEED® Credits
for Stormwater and Water
Efficiency
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Design Considerations
Potential Supply
Rainfall patterns
Catchment area
Storage
Cisterns
Equipment
Reuse
Irrigation/seasonal
Toilet flushing /year-round
Water
Balance
Collection
Pretreatment
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System Components
Aqua Azul
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System Components
and Maintenance
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Components and Maintenance
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• General Information
– The operation and maintenance of rainwater harvesting systems is the
responsibility of the property owner.
– Municipal inspections occur during installation and inspections of backflow
prevention systems are recommended on an annual basis.
– For the property owner, the operation of a rainwater harvesting system is similar to
a private well.
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Components and Maintenance
• General Cont.
– Especially for indoor uses, annual water testing to
verify water quality is recommended as well as
regular interval maintenance to replace treatment
system components such as filters or UV lights.
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• General Cont.
– The adoption and use of rainwater harvesting systems will add to the inspection
responsibilities of the municipal public works department, but the type of
inspection, level of effort, and documentation required will be similar to those of
private potable water systems and should be readily integrated into the routine of
the inspection department.
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• General Treatment Goals
– Nothing Grows Within: Mosquitoes or Algae
– No Debris that will promote odor
– No Animal Matter Present
– Label as Non Potable Water Source
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• Chapter 18 – Operation and Maintenance
Rainwater Harvesting Planning and Installation ManualTexas AgriLife Extension Service, 2009
System planners, installers, and individuals responsible for maintenance should have a basic understanding of:
(1) all possible chemical contamination and
(2) of pathogenic microbes in order to determine which disinfection treatment is best for each system.
The client should understand the risks, performance, and maintenance of each part of the system.
Familiarity with local plumbing code is essential. No Cross Contamination between utility and rainwater systems without approved backflow device.
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Components and Maintenance
• Catchment Surface – Inspect/Clean monthly
• Gutters – Inspect monthly, Wash/flush annually
• Debris Screens – Inspect/Clean monthly
• Downspouts – Inspect annually (or sooner)
• Roof Washers and First-Flush – Inspect weekly, Clean
monthly
• Tanks – Inspect annually, Clean
if needed
• Piping – Inspect annually
• Purification Filters – Replace as
recommended by manufacturer
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• Pumps/Pressure Tanks – Follow
manufacturer’s recommendations
• Disinfection System - Follow
manufacturer’s recommendations
• Water Testing - Comprehensive
testing of initial quality, retested
after major repairs/renovation, test
annually thereafter
• Confirm with local Health
Department for proper testing
requirements
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• Maintenance Manual
– Develop a maintenance plan, update and store records
– Document repairs, This is especially important for future users of the system • ex. Real estate transactions
– Recognize when system in not performing optimally
– Inspect system routinely, Make sure that key components are accessible
– For Installers, offer a maintenance plan for users of system
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Components and Maintenance
• Maintenance Manual
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Equipment
• Includes:
– Tanks
– First-flush
– Smoothing inlet
– Pump
– Floating suction filter
– Tank over flow
– Pressure tank
– Check valves
– Float switch
– Air gap
– Solenoid valve
– Purification
– Controller
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Tanks
• Above Ground and Below Ground
– Corrugated Metal, Above and Below
– Polyethylene, Above or Below
– Fiberglass, Below
– Modular or Matrix Tanks, Below
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Corrugated Metal
• Vertical or Horizontal
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Polyethylene
• Above or Below Ground
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Fiberglass
• Below ground
6,000 gallon
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Matrix or Modular Tanks
• Below ground
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First-Flush
• Vortex Fine Filters or Roof Washer
WFF 150 WFF 330
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Smoothing Inlet
• Turbulent dissipater
– Tank inlet
EB0300 EB0300
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Pump
• Submersible or dry pumps
Well pumpOne half
up to one
horse
power
Grunfos 1 HP Jet Pump
Aqua boost
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Floating Suction Filter
• Floating Filters
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Tank Overflow
• Multisiphon
– Connects to the overflow pipe
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Pressure Tank
• Inside or
out
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Check Valves
• One way flow
Ball check valves, ball
moves out of the flow
path until water
reverses at that point
the ball blocks the
waters path
Swing check valve
Wafer check valve
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Float Switch
• Water level control
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Air Gap
• Make up water
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Solenoid Valve
• Normally closed
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Purification
• Need based on use
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Controller
• System Management
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System Details
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System Details
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System Details
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Water Balance
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Water Balance
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Water Balance
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Water Balance Considerations
SUPPLY – The volume of water captured and stored
• Annual rainfall amount
• Seasonal rainfall patterns
• Size of catchment area
• Hydrologic properties of catchment area
• Potential losses
DEMAND – The volume of non-potable water used
• Intended end use
• Estimated water demand
• Seasonal and annual use
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Supply and Demand
Annual Goal: Supply > Demand
SURPLUS DEFICIT SURPLUS
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Precipitation
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Precipitation
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Estimating Supply
Estimating Runoff from a Collection Surface
(Source: The Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting)
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Supply
Rule of thumb:
Every inch of rainfall generates 0.62 gallons of runoff per
square foot of collection surface
(Source: The Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting)
Example:
For an 1,000 square foot rooftop catchment area
1-inch Runoff Volume = 1,000 sf * 0.62 gallons/sf
1-inch Runoff Volume = 620 gallons
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Supply
Typical Runoff Coefficients (Source: USGBC)
Pavement, Asphalt, Concrete 0.95
Pavement, Brick 0.85
Roofs, Conventional 0.95
Roof, Garden (<4 in) 0.50
Roof, Garden (4 – 8 in) 0.30
Roof, Garden (9-20 in) 0.20
Turf, Flat (0-1% slope) 0.25
Turf, Average (1-3% slope) 0.35
Turf, Hilly (3-10% slope) 0.40
Vegetation, Flat (0-1% slope) 0.10
Vegetation, Average (1-3% slope) 0.20
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Supply
To more accurately estimate runoff volume (or supply) from non-rooftop and
rooftop collection surfaces, factor in runoff coefficient:
S = R * A * C
Supply =
Rainfall Depth x Catchment Area x Runoff Coefficient
Example:
1-inch of rainfall falls upon a 1,000 square foot asphalt rooftop
Runoff Volume = (1inch)*(1foot/12 inches) * 1,000 square feet * 0.95
Runoff Volume = 79.17 cubic feet * (7.48 gallons/cubic foot)
Runoff Volume = 592 gallons
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Estimating Supply
Other considerations that impact potential supply:
Losses, including:
• Evaporation
• Overshoot from gutters
• First-flush diverters
• Leaks
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Demand
Estimate the demand for non-potable water for:
Year-round uses, such as:
• Toilet Flushing
• Equipment wash
• Cooling Tower
• Laundry
Seasonal uses, such as:
• Irrigation
• Ornamental water features
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Demand
Sources for estimating water demands:
• Rule of thumb (i.e. apply 1-inch water per week)
• Irrigation Consultant (outdoor)
• LEED™ Reference Guides
• Design Manuals
• M/E/P Engineer (indoor)
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Demand
Estimating irrigation demands based on evapotranspiration
One method, as recommended by USGBC LEED™ Reference Manual(Source USGBC LEED BD+C Reference Manual)
1. Calculate the landscape coefficient (KL)
KL = ks * kd * kmc
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Estimating Demand
2. Calculate the project-specific evapotranspiration rate (ETL)
ETL = ET0 * KL
where:
ET0 is the reference evapotranspiration rate for the region
KL is the landscape coefficient
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Estimating Demand
Reference Evapotranspiration for estimating irrigation demand
(Source: CIMIS)
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Estimating Demand
3. Determine the Irrigation Efficiency (IE)
4. Determine the Controller Efficiency (CE), specified by Manufacturer
5. Calculate the Total Water Applied
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
Methods for sizing rainwater harvesting tanks:
• Dry-season Demand vs. Supply
• Simple Water Budget
• Graphical Methods
• Mass Curve Analysis
• Statistical Methods
• Computer-based Simulation Methods
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ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Dry-season demand vs. supply analysis:
• Simplified approach
• Tank is designed to accommodate the water demand through dry season
Limitations:
• Does not account for variable rainfall patterns
• Is most relevant in areas with distinct dry season
• Ignores rainfall input and catchment size
• Results (typically) in large tank without validating fullness
Dry-season
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Simple (Monthly) Water Budget Analysis:
• Simple methodology, “like balancing a checkbook”
1. Start with an assumed volume of water in tank
2. Calculate the monthly volume of water captured based on average
(or median) monthly precipitation and catchment area
3. Add volume to the previous month’s balance
4. Subtract the monthly demand
Limitations
• Does not account for seasonal variations
• Is most relevant in climates with predictable rainfall patterns
• May over-estimate system efficiency, specifically for dry/drought years
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
Given: A 2,000 square foot barn roof in Dallas, Texas will harvest rainwater for irrigation.
Using the average monthly rainfall, determine the required tank size to sustain the given demands
SUPPLY DEMAND
MonthAverage Monthly Rainfall (inches)
Catchment Area (square feet)
Runoff Coefficient (0.95, roof)
Runoff Volume Collected (gallons)
Monthly Irrigation Demand (gallons)
End-of-month storage* (gallons)
Jan 1.97 2,000 0.95 2,333 0 3,333 *assume 1,000 gallons to start
Feb 2.4 2,000 0.95 2,842 0 6,176
Mar 2.91 2,000 0.95 3,446 4,000 5,622
Apr 3.81 2,000 0.95 4,512 4,000 6,134
May 5.01 2,000 0.95 5,934 4,000 8,068
Jun 3.12 2,000 0.95 3,695 4,000 7,763
Jul 2.04 2,000 0.95 2,416 4,000 6,179
Aug 2.07 2,000 0.95 2,452 4,000 4,630
Sep 2.67 2,000 0.95 3,162 4,000 3,793
Oct 3.76 2,000 0.95 4,453 4,000 4,246
Nov 2.7 2,000 0.95 3,198 0 7,443
Dec 2.64 2,000 0.95 3,127 0 10,570
Annual 35.1
Monthly Water Budget Analysis Example using Average Monthly Precipitation (adapted from the Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting)
A 10,000 gallon tank would overflow 570
gallons in December
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
Monthly Water Budget Analysis Example using Median Monthly Precipitation (adapted from the Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting)
Given: A 2,000 square foot barn roof in Dallas, Texas will harvest rainwater for irrigation.
Using the median monthly rainfall, determine the required tank size to sustain the given demands
SUPPLY DEMAND
MonthMedian Monthly Rainfall (inches)
Catchment Area (square feet)
Runoff Coefficient (0.95, roof)
Runoff Volume Collected (gallons)
Monthly Irrigation Demand (gallons)
End-of-month storage* (gallons)
Jan 1.8 2,000 0.95 2,132 0 3,132 *assume 1,000 gallons to start
Feb 2.11 2,000 0.95 2,499 0 5,631
Mar 2.36 2,000 0.95 2,795 4,000 4,426
Apr 2.98 2,000 0.95 3,529 4,000 3,955
May 4.27 2,000 0.95 5,057 4,000 5,012
Jun 2.85 2,000 0.95 3,375 4,000 4,388
Jul 1.6 2,000 0.95 1,895 4,000 2,282
Aug 1.74 2,000 0.95 2,061 4,000 343
Sep 2.5 2,000 0.95 2,961 4,000 -696
Oct 2.94 2,000 0.95 3,482 4,000 -1,214
Nov 2 2,000 0.95 2,369 0 1,155
Dec 2.1 2,000 0.95 2,487 0 3,642
Annual 29.25
A 10,000 gallon tank would never fill
during the year and the tank would run
out of water for the end of summer
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ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
Continuous Simulation:
• Simulation using daily or hourly rainfall records
• Most accurate method for sizing tanks
• Sizes tank for optimal performance, not extremes
Limitations
• Accuracy is dependent on user-defined inputs
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
NC State U. Rainwater Harvester 2.0 Simulation program
http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/waterharvesting/model.html
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
NC State U. Rainwater Harvester 2.0 Simulation program
http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/waterharvesting/model.html
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Tanks
NC State U. Rainwater Harvester 2.0 Simulation program
http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/waterharvesting/model.html
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ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
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ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
Sizing the tanks using Nitsch Engineering’s proprietary simulation software
• RainUSE®: Rainfall ReUSE Simulation
- Performs a continuous daily simulation using daily precipitation data from NOAA
for nearest weather station
- User inputs catchment area size, properties, and daily demand
- Evaluates a range of tank sizes
- Report outputs include:
- Average annual water savings
- Average annual overflow
- Average annual deficit
- Average annual reliability
- Average annual % tank full
- Exportable daily data for the entire period of record
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ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Case Study
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Q & A
ASLA 2011 Annual Meeting and EXPO
Contact InformationSandra A. Brock, PE, CFM®, LEED AP BD+C
Chief Engineer
Nitsch Engineering
www.nitscheng.com
Heather Kinkade, FASLA, LEED AP BD+C
Author of Design for Water
Forgotten Rain, LLC
http://www.forgottenrain.com/
RAINWATER HARVESTING RESOURCES
NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES
ARCSA – American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (http://www.arcsa.org/)
ERCSA – European Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (http://www.ercsa.eu/)
IRCSA – International Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
(http://www.eng.warwick.ac.uk/ircsa/index.htm)
Australia – Guidance on use of Rainwater Tanks
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/3D981B51B4FB458DCA256F190
0042F6E/$File/env_rainwater.pdf
Australia – Australia Guidelines for Water Recycling: Managing Health and Environmental Risk
(Phase 2): Stormwater Harvesting and Reuse
(http://www.ephc.gov.au/sites/default/files/WQ_AGWR_GL__Stormwater_Harvesting_and_Reu
se_Final_200907.pdf)
EPA – Managing Wet Weather with Green Infrastructure
(http://www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/gi_munichandbook_harvesting.pdf)
USGBC – LEED Water Efficiency Credits
(http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CategoryID=19a)
ASLA – Sustainable Sites
http://www.sustainablesites.org
NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL CODES AND STANDARDS
IGCC – International Green Construction Code
• Chapter 7 Rainwater Collection and Distribution Systems
• Allows ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC IES Standard 189.1 as an option
IAPMO – International Association of Plumbing Mechanical Officials
• 2010 Green Plumbing & Mechanical Code Supplement covers all aspects of a
potable and non-potable rainwater catchment system and is recommended to be
used with all codes.
ASHRAE /USGBC/ASPE/AWWA Standard 191 – Standards for the efficient use of water in
building, site and mechanical systems.
• Covers all uses of water within a site and a building.
CSI – Construction Specification Institute
• Rainwater Harvesting Systems and Components, Gutters and Downspouts,
Domestic water Filtration
ARCSA & ASPE – American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association and American Society
of Plumbing Engineers
• Standards for designers on all components of a rainwater harvesting system.
NSF International Protocol P151 – Health effects from rainwater catchment system
components.
• Additional standards from NSF and ANSI include ANSI Standard 14, 42, 53, 55, 60,
and 61.
STATE MANUALS/GUIDELINES
Texas
(http://www.twdb.state.tx.us/publications/reports/RainwaterHarvestingManual_3rdedition.pdf)
Hawaii
http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/RM-12.pdf
Virginia
(http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/documents/stmrainharv.pdf)
Georgia
(http://www.gaepd.org/Files_PDF/GA_RainWaterHarvestingGuideline_FinalDraft_040209.pdf)
Florida
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/reuse/index.htm
RESEARCH AND COMPUTER MODELS
Rainwater Harvesting at NC State http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/waterharvesting/index.html
NC State University Rainwater Harvester Computer Model http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/waterharvesting/model.html
WEATHER DATA National Climatic Data Center http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/ncdc.html PRISM Precipitation Maps http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/precip.html Precipitation Averages, Seasonality,Volatility and Trends in the United States http://www.weatherbill.com/assets/LandingPageDocs/rainfallstudy2007.pdf California Irrigation Management Information System, Evapotranspiration http://www.cimis.water.ca.gov/cimis/infoEtoOverview.jsp
RainUSE®: A Rainwater Reuse Analysis Service
www.nitscheng.com
Nitsch Engineering’s RainUSE® software-based service uses a
proprietary program to analyze and optimize tanks for storing rainwater for reuse. For our clients, we assess historical rainfall data and simulate scenarios to capture and reuse rainwater. Now in Version 2.0, the RainUSE
® software-based service allows us to
estimate how successful a rainwater-reuse system may be in satisfying the water demands for a building project. This unique service helps clients save money while preserving natural resources. Background Historically, stormwater runoff has been considered an unavoidable, unwanted byproduct of development. Now, as sustainability has become a more important part of site development projects, many owners and design teams have started to integrate stormwater management best practices into their projects, including methods of capturing and reusing rainwater onsite. While most rainwater design tools rely only on the use of average annual rainfall data, Nitsch Engineering concluded that a more accurate simulation could be developed using historical daily rainfall data, which is why we developed and implemented the RainUSE
®
software-based service. For a small investment, which reaps big benefits, the RainUSE
®
software-based service helps clients get valuable data that can significantly save construction and operating costs, and exhibit sustainability. Stormwater runoff is reduced, which reduces the burden on the municipal drainage systems and helps decrease flooding. The building’s potable water demand is reduced, thus providing a return on investment. Applications RainUSE
® allows Nitsch Engineering to analyze non-potable water
demands on a continuous daily basis and incorporate additional make-up water inputs for a range of tank sizes, based on the historical daily rainfall from the nearest rain gauge and the project-specific paramters. The report generated by the RainUSE
® software
includes several graphs displaying the average annual potable water savings, non-potable water deficit, excess overflow from the tanks, and the average annual precipitation from the 30 most recent years of historical rainfall data. RainUSE
® also provides our engineers with
the daily output data simulated from the entire period of record for further analysis. Our proprietary RainUSE
® service can be used to simulate a variety
of reuse scenarios, including toilet flushing within a building, site irrigation, and cooling tower make-up demands. We also can calculate the inclusion of additional water supplies, such as geothermal well bleed-off or condensate, thus eliminating other discharges to the municipal sewer system.
RainUSE®: A Rainwater Reuse Analysis Service
www.nitscheng.com
Recent Successes The RainUSE
® service supports Nitsch Engineering’s cutting-edge site
sustainability practice, especially for projects pursuing LEED® certification. Using
the RainUSE® service to optimize and design rainwater harvesting systems on
projects could contribute up to five LEED® points toward certification. Nitsch
Engineering has found that rainwater reuse systems can be optimized to align with both stormwater management and water efficiency goals. Since 2005, Nitsch Engineering has provided the RainUSE
® service on a variety
of projects by optimizing systems, significantly saving construction and operating costs, and exemplifying sustainability. A sampling of projects:
Yale University School of Art and Architecture, New Haven, CT
Yale University Kroon Hall, New Haven, CT
Yale University Biology Building, New Haven, CT
Yale University School of Social Sciences, New Haven, CT
Stamford Environmental Magnet School, Stamford, CT
The Taft School Dining Hall, Watertown, CT
Emory University Freshman Dorms 2/3, Atlanta, GA
Harvard Allston First Science Building, Boston, MA
Bridgewater State College Rondileau Campus Center, Bridgewater, MA
Princeton University Chemistry Building, Princeton, NJ
Ithaca College School of Business, Ithaca, NY
Harvard Allston Master Plan, Boston, MA
Princeton University Master Plan, Princeton, NJ
Princeton University Chemistry Building, Princeton, NJ
Princeton University Andlinger Center, Princeton, NJ
Brooklyn Atlantic Yards, Brooklyn, NY
North 10th Street Multi-Family Residential Project, Williamsburg, NY
Brooklyn Bridge Park, Brooklyn, NY
High Line Open Space, New York, NY
J. Michael Ruane Judicial Center, Salem, MA
Massachusetts Fire Fighting Academy, Stowe, MA
Canal Park, Washington D.C Testimonials “Nitsch Engineering’s RainUSE
® software service has become an invaluable tool in
the development of rainwater capture systems. Atelier Ten has used the software on projects, notably the renovation of the Yale Art and Architecture Building and new History of Art Building, to size stormwater capture tanks carefully where space was particularly at a premium. … The RainUSE
® software has become an indispensable
part of Atelier Ten’s stormwater analysis process.” Paul Stoller, LEED AP, Director, Atelier Ten “Through intelligent strategies and modeling techniques, Nitsch Engineering has played a very important role in helping to make Brooklyn Bridge park the sustainable model for large-scale public open space. … With an ever-expanding demand for stewardship and sustainability in the public landscape, Nitsch Engineering as Site Sustainability Engineers has helped to provide our client with a smart and self-sustaining system while still adhering to a high standard of design.”
Stephen Noone, ASLA, Senior Associate, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates, Inc. For more information Contact: Sandra A. Brock, [email protected] or Nicole Holmes, [email protected]
Yale University, Kroon Hall
Emory University
Brooklyn Bridge Park