Date: 07 August, 2013BSME Design Projects Offered for the session 2010-14

1. Design and development of semi-automatic material transfer system for electroplating industry.

Synopsis: In an electro plating industry, the raw material has to be dipped in different liquid tubs for different time. The tubs are arranged in one line and they are used in sequential order, i.e. the raw material has to be submerged in first tub then after predefined time into second tub and so on. Each time the material is pulled out from the tub it has to be hanged on top to drain the liquid. Since each tub has different composition of liquids the material has to be placed inside for different time. Manual transfer of material causes a lot of time and efforts which is a drawback in industry. A lifting mechanism has to be placed to lift the material from one tub, dry it (just hang for some time) and then put into the next tub and so on.Supervisor: Dr. Javaid Khurshid, Head DCIS, PIEAS

Ph: 3234, Email: javaidk@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Mr. Atique Ahmad, PE, DME, PIEAS

Ph: 3420.

2. Harnessing wind energy from motorways. Synopsis: Our motorways are constantly busy with vehicles running at an average speed of 100km/h. it is enough to produce wind around its surroundings. one can use that wind and utilize it in generating energy. What type of wind turbine/mechanism could be used to maximally utilize this energy; and how to get maximum benefit from it, has to be studied? That energy may be used to light the lanes, power the emergency telephone connections or illuminate the signboards etc. One has to study any available method for such purpose. Also he/she has to study/design wind turbines to be used for the purpose.Supervisor: Dr. Javaid Khurshid, Head DCIS, PIEAS

Ph: 3234, Email: javaidk@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Dr. Abdul Qayyum, SE, DEE, PIEAS

Ph: 3452.

3. Design and development of a universal pump testing rig. Synopsis: The pump test rig is to be designed to demonstrate the operating characteristics of flow versus head and power versus head for a series of different types of pumps. The pump test rig should be able to accommodate both centrifugal and positive displacement pumps, and be capable of handling flows up to 50 m3/hour, motor powers up to 5-7 kW. Both single and three phase supplies should be accommodated. Flow rates, pump speeds measurement (variable speeds) and all necessary instrumentation for determining the characteristic curves of different pumps at different pressures should be provided. This rig should also be able to measure the NPSH of a centrifugal pump.Supervisor: Dr. Mansoor Hameed Inayat, Head DChE, PIEAS

Ph: 3232, Email: mansoor@pieas.edu.pkFunds Requirement: Subject to the final design may be around Rs: 100,000.Prerequisite knowledge of the student: Fluid Mechanics.

4. Design and development of a fluid testing and flow meter calibration rig. Synopsis: The fluid rig should be able to;

1. Measure the Darcy friction factor for pipe ranging from ¼ inch to six inches in diameter.2. Measure the loss coefficient of different types of valves and pipe fittings of various sizes

and configurations.3. Calibrate any newly developed flow meter such as pitot static tube, orifice meters, nozzle

meters, venture tubes etc.4. Measure the pressure drop for any unknown equipment for which neither empirical nor

analytical correlations are available.Supervisor: Dr. Mansoor Hameed Inayat, Head DChE, PIEAS

Ph: 3232, Email: mansoor@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor:Funds Requirement: Subject to the final design may be around Rs: 50,000.Prerequisite knowledge of the student: Fluid Mechanics.

5. Modification of the existing two phase flow mapping rig. Synopsis: A two phase flow regime mapping rig was developed by the students of the previous graduating class. In this project this equipment needs to be modified to add the feature of pressure drop measurement in various diameter pipes of known diameter. The results obtained by measuring the pressure drop will be compared with the empirical correlations available in the literature. The possibility of pressurized system will also be explored.Supervisor: Dr. Mansoor Hameed Inayat, Head DChE, PIEAS

Ph: 3232, Email: mansoor@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor:Funds Requirement: Subject to the final design may be around Rs: 30,000.Prerequisite knowledge of the student: Fluid Mechanics.

6. Design and Development of Intermediate Pyrolysis coupled gasification unit Synopsis: Combine harvesting technologies, which have become common in RWS (Rice–Wheat System) in Pakistan, leave behind large quantities of straw in the field for open burning of residue. Such burnings result in perturbations to the regional atmospheric chemistry due to emissions of trace species like CO2, CO, CH4, N2O, NOx, Non-Methane Hydro Carbon (NMHC) and aerosols. Residue burning causes nutrient and resource loss and adversely affects soil properties, thus calling for improvement in harvesting technologies and sustainable management of RWS. In this project we aim to design an intermediate pyrolysis unit coupled with gasification to convert the agriculture waste into a valuable product. A specially reactor operating at 360 C is to be designed for⁰ intermediate Pyrolysis for wheat and rice straw feed stock. At this temperature the literature suggest we can overcome all the tar problems which are typical for straw (wheat and rice) pyrolysis. Once the pyrolysis is carried out we will obtain product fractions that are usually a solid residue called the Char and the vapor fraction which can be further condensed to liquids using a quenching system. The typical yields for the product fractions, char, pyrolysis oil, and non-condensable gas fractions are, 32%, 35%, and 33% respectively.

Supervisor: Dr M Tayyeb Javed, PE,DChE, PIEAS

Ph: 3243, Email:m.t.javed@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Dr Mansoor H Inayat

7. Design and Development of a 80 kW combustion test facility. Synopsis: The combustion test facility (CTF) desired to be designed in this project. It will be a down-fired pulverized coal combustor operated at 80 kW, thermal. It consisted of eight, square, refractory-lined sections, 500 mm long, with internal dimensions of 350 mm x 350 mm. Several of the top sections will be water-jacketed for temperature control. The rig will be equipped with a dual-fuel (NG/coal) burner located in a quarl section at the top of the combustor. Further details can be found at :1. S. S. Daood, M. T. Javed, B. M. Gibbs , W. Nimmo, NOx control in coal combustion by combining biomass co-firing, oxygen enrichment and SNCR, Fuel 2012,2. S. Singh, W. Nimmo, M. Tayyeb Javed and P.T. Williams, Co-combustion of Pulverised Coal with Waste Plastic and Tyre Rubber Powders, Energy and Fuels 2011, 25, 108-118.Supervisor: Dr M Tayyeb Javed, PE, DChE, PIEAS

Ph: 3243, Email: m.t.javed@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Dr Mansoor H Inayat

8. Design improvements of the vertical axis wind turbine at DME PIEAS. Synopsis: Wind energy is being utilized for power production around the world. Pakistan falls in a region where wind speeds are varying. There is a need to develop wind turbines which can produce power at low wind speeds. In such an effort, a vertical axis wind turbine was designed and fabricated at DME PIEAS. The said wind turbine requires modification in its design. The current project deals with these modifications so that the performance of the wind turbine can be enhanced. The students are required to study the whole design procedure and suggest modifications in the design. Later, these modifications have to be implemented and the performance of the modified wind turbine has to be compared to the current one.Supervisor: Dr Waseem Siddique, SE, DNE, PIEAS

Ph: 3356, Email: waseem@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor:Funds Requirement:Rs: 50,000.

9. Design, fabrication and testing of flow measuring devices for gasses at high pressure.

Synopsis: Gases are compressible and change volume when placed under pressure, are heated or are cooled. A volume of gas under one set of pressure and temperature conditions is not equivalent to the same gas under different conditions. Thus the flow rate of gases flowing under pressure cannot be measured by conventional venture meter or orifice meter. Therefore, other techniques should be used to measure the flow rates of these compressed flows. The current project focuses on designing, fabrication and testing of two different concepts of flow meters.Optical Flow Meters:Optical flow meters use light to determine flow rate. Small particles which accompany natural and industrial gases pass through two laser beams focused a short distance apart in the flow path in a pipe by illuminating optics. Laser light is scattered when a particle crosses the first beam. The detecting optics collects scattered light on a photodetector, which then generates a pulse signal. As the same particle crosses the second beam, the detecting optics collect scattered light on a second photodetector, which converts the incoming light into a second electrical pulse. By measuring the time interval between these pulses, the gas velocity is calculated.

Thermal Mass Flow Meters:As the name implies, thermal mass flow meters use heat to measure flow. Thermal mass flow meters introduce heat into the flow stream and measure how much heat dissipates using one or more temperature sensors. This method works best with gas mass flow measurement.The measure measurements would be done for flow in an already existing vortex tube. The performance of the vortex tube would also be verified with the existing CFD model of the same vortex tube.Supervisor: Dr WaseemSiddique, SE, DNE, PIEAS

Ph: 3356, Email: waseem@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor:Funds Requirement:Rs: 50,000.

10.Design and Development of a Run-of-the River (ROR) Hydroelectricity Generation Unit

Synopsis: The project is related to hydro power generation and has been formulated while considering the current power crisis in Pakistan. Run-of-the-River (ROR) hydroelectricity generation exploits the kinetic energy of flowing river/water to rotate the hydro turbines and generate electricity. In case of ROR hydroelectricity generation, little or no storage of water is required. They may be fall in the category of either micro (1-100 kW) or mini turbine (100 kW - 5 MW) for hydroelectricity. Due to its unique characteristics, it is imperative to carry out a thorough analysis for site selection to install the turbine so as its efficiency may be maximum. The major component of criteria tailored for site selection would be the speed of flowing river water. The schematic design of ROR turbine would comprise of a series of hydro turbine blades sharing the common rotating shaft and encased in a casing (pipe) as shown in Figure 1.

The objectives of project would involve: Literature review of hydro turbines for appropriate designing of ROR turbine. Site Selection: visit the various locations of River Swat and/or River Kunhar (Naran valley -

Balakot). Design and development of ROR turbine unit. Installation and testing of ROR turbine unit.

Supervisor: Dr. Alam Nawaz Khan Wardag (SE, DChE)

Ph: 3479, Email: alam@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Dr Waseem Siddique, SE, DNE, PIEAS

11.Design, construction and testing of an outward radial- flow reaction water turbine.

Synopsis: An outward radial flow reaction water turbine will be designed based on Euler one dimensional theory, constructed and tested to drive a bicycle electric dynamo using water from supply mains. Literature showed that water and steam had been used in providing the needed pressure for turbines based on the one dimensional theory with success. Dedicated efforts were made at improving different designs until the Pelton impulse turbine, the Francis turbine and the Kaplan turbine now universally accepted were satisfactorily designed. In the production of this turbine (water Sprinkler), the interest will be more on power generation than watering, therefore discharge of water will be more so as to deliver surplus of useful power. Consequently the design angular speed of the turbine, the rotor arm diameter, the work done on each arm by the fluid, the tangential force and tolerances have to be determined. Mild steel, cast aluminum alloy and stainless steel will be used to fabricate this turbine because they are readily available, cheap and machinable. A range of power output of 0.42W to 2.66W is expected to be generated.Supervisor: Dr Waseem Siddique, SE, DNE, PIEAS

Ph: 3356, Email: waseem@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor:Funds Requirement: Rs: 50,000.

12.Fatigue evaluation under combined transient loading using ANSYS and ASME VIII, Div. 2.

Synopsis: Fatigue has been recognized as a major failure mode in mechanical components under cyclic loads. Specific rules for pressure vessels fatigue prevention appear in books/codes. With present computational capability more accurate and fast fatigue analysis can be carried out in software like ANSYS. The code also applies different methods to evaluate fatigue. The project will excel in the following steps:

i. To develop an understanding of basic fatigue methods using ANSYS workbench and ASME VIII-2.

ii. To learn how to evaluate fatigue under combined transient (pressure and temperature) loading as in case of reactor pressure vessel/heat exchanger.

iii. Comparison of the ANSYS fatigue results and ASME VIII-2 elastic analysis.

Supervisor: Mr. Anwar ul Haq, D&E Division, HMC-3, Taxila.Ph: 051-4530802-8, Ext. 3190, Email: auhaq@outlook.com

Co-Supervisor: Mr. Riaz M. Khan Email: riazamberi@gmail.comPh: 051-4530802-8, Ext. 3168

Pre-Requisites: Basics of ANSYS Workbench and different Fatigue evaluation methods.

13.To develop APDL based program in ANSYS for design of flange and comparison with FEPIPE software result.

Synopsis: The project is of applied nature and handy for engineers preparing to work in industry. The project will excel in the following steps:

i. To study the basic design rules necessary for flange design (ASME SecIII).

ii. To develop a user interface program in ANSYS using APDL (e.g. Data input, modeling, meshing, result output).

iii. To study and learn the FEPIPE software.iv. Comparison of the results of flange design by ANSYS and FEPIPE.

Supervisor: Dr. Asim Jadoon, D&E Division, HMC-3, Taxila.Ph: 051-4530802-8, Ext. 3155, Email: m.asim.jadoon@gmail.com

Co-Supervisors: Mr. Faisal Bashir Email: fbnaqshbandi@gmail.comMr. Raja Iqbal Email: rajae312@yahoo.com

Pre-Requisites: Basics of ANSYS and APDL programming.

14. Design of Underwater Robot. Synopsis: The Ocean covers about two-third of the earth and about 1/3rd of the population lives within 100 km of the ocean. Underwater robots can help us better understand marine and other environment issues. The underwater robot should be able to move in any depth of the sea. Buoyancy is an important factor that must be controlled for achieving required depth. Buoyancy can be varied by varying the ballast tanks density at both ends of the robot..Ballast tanks can be filled with air or water to achieve the required buoyancy and hence particular depth.The robot can be steered in the water by using the tail rudder. Thrust will be provided with propeller. Navigation would be made using Sonar.Design of underwater robot includes design of ballast tanks, compressed air tank, hull design, mechanism design for buoyancy control, design of rudder and propeller. FEA analysis of the entire robot would be carried out.Supervisor: Mr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, PE, DME, PIEAS

Ph: 3130, Email: fac292@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Mr. Abdul BasitPre-Requisites: Mechanics of Materials, Machine Design, Theory of Machines, Creo Parametric,

Fluid Mechanics, FEA.

15.Development of Dual Clutch Transmission System. Synopsis: Automobiles need a transmission media (Gearbox) to control the speed of the output shaft coming from engine. A dual-clutch transmission, (DCT) (sometime referred to as a twin-clutch gearbox or double-clutch transmission), is a type of semi-automatic or automated manual automotive transmission. It uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. It can fundamentally be described as two separate manual transmissions (with their respective clutches) contained within one housing, and working as one unit. They are usually operated in a fully automatic mode, and many also have the ability to allow the driver to manually shift gears. A mathematical model of a dual clutch transmission for real time simulation would be developed. Mathematical model would be based upon design of gears for particular speeds and mechanisms for clutch.Design of dual dry clutch to meet the required structural strength and to provide load conditions for the fatigue life would be carried out.Simulation of dual clutch transmission system would be made using the available software.A prototype of dual clutch transmission system would be manufactured using some easily machinable materials.Supervisor: Mr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, PE, DME, PIEAS

Ph: 3130, Email: fac292@pieas.edu.pkCo-Supervisor: Dr. Rizwan Alim Mufti

Pre-Requisites: Mechanics of Materials, Machine Design, Theory of Machines, Creo Parametric, FEA.

Funds Requirement: Rs: 25,000.

16. Thermal Hydraulic Assessment of Closed Loop Circulation and Heating System Synopsis: Objective of the project is to determine time to get required temperature in jacketed vessel along with the temperature profile at various locations of closed heating loop so as to decide optimum heater power of heater and flow rate of pump. Temperature at heating pool, Jacket and vessel will be calculated by discretising time domain keeping in view the mode of heat transfer and heat losses. Supervisor: Mr. Muhammad Ilyas Farooqi, PE, LINAC, PINSTECH

Ph: 0512207231-7 Ext. 3313 Email: ilyas_fa@yahoo.com Co-Supervisor: Mr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, PE, DME, PIEAS Pre-Requisites: Heat transfer and Finite Element Method

17.Designing, CFD Analyses and Testing of supersonic converging-diverging nozzle Synopsis: Converging-diverging nozzle is perhaps the most important and basic piece of engineering hardware associated with propulsion and the high speed flow of gases. This device was invented by Carl de Laval toward the end of the l9th century and is thus often referred to as the 'de Laval' nozzle. This project is intended to help students of designing, testing and to visualize the flow through this type of nozzle at a range of conditions.Supervisor: Dr. Ajmal Shah, PE, DME, PIEAS

Ph: 3223 Email: ajmal@pieas.edu.pk Funds Requirement: Rs: 15,000.

18.Design & Development of a Coordinate Measurement Machine Synopsis: Previously a simple design was carried out in MS ME thesis. In this project, this design will be studied (and if required, improved) and the coordinate measurement machine will be manufactured and tested.Supervisor: Mr. Atique Ahmad, PE, DME, PIEAS

Ph: 3420 Email: fac079@pieas.edu.pk Pre-Requisites: Manufacturing, some Computer Interfacing

19.Software Development for Synthesis and Analysis of Mechanisms using open source software tools

Synopsis: Using tools such as SciLab (instead of Matlab) and Gambas (instesd of Visual Basic), students will program algorithms as discussed by RL Norton in his book Design of Machinery. These programs will then be benchmarked using Norton's proprietary programs.

Supervisor: Mr. Atique Ahmad, PE, DME, PIEASPh: 3420 Email: fac079@pieas.edu.pk

Pre-Requisites: Computer Programming, Kinematics & Dynamics

(Dr. Ajmal Shah PE) Projects Coordinator

DME, PIEAS