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Vending machine with digital Payment support

ABSTRACT

Nowadays we are facing the problem like pollution power cut problem etc., in order to avoid this the first

modern coin operated vending machines was introduced in London in early 1880s, it dispense postcards.

The machine was invented by Percival Everitt in 1883 and earlier used at railway station and post offices,

dispensing postcards, and notepaper

Definition for vending machine is a coin operated machine for selling merchandise. Vending machine

provides various product such as snacks, beverages, water, tickets, and others product. Vending machine

also no need operator or workers to operated it.

Vending machine has two functions that are selling the product and sell the service to the customers.

Vending machine will sell the product that install into the body with different type of product and price.

After paying, a product may become available by the machine releasing it at the bottom of the vending

machine. For the vending machine that provide service for the main function, the service also may become

available after paying with inserted the payment.

Generally in market it is found that products are vend as per regard to the customer desire, this machine

helps to dispense as per necessary. It is user friendly and very simple in operation.

Keywords: Vending machine, Digital Payment, Percival Everitt

2019-20Department of E&TC, PCCOE


TABLE OF CONTENTSABSTRACT I ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IITABLE OF CONTENT IIILIST OF FIGURES IVLIST OF TABLES IV

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Motivation……………………………...………………………………………………...11.2 Background………………………………………………………………………………1

.Chapter 2: Literature Survey

2.1 Literature Survey …….……………………………………………………...………..…2

2.2 Summary………..…….……………………………………………………...………..…3

2.3 Problem Statement...….……………………………………………………...………..…4

Chapter 3: Methodology

3.1 Project outline. ………………………………….…………...………………..……...….5

3.2 Block Diagram explanation …………………….…………...………………..……...….63.3 Flow Chart explanation ….…………………….……..………....……………....…...….7

Chapter 4: Design and Implementation

4.1 Circuit diagram……………………………………………………………..…...............84.2 Hardware specifications……………………………………………………………..…..94.3 Design considerations……………………………………………………………..……14

Chapter 5: Software Implementation5.1 Software specifications / requirements……………………………………...………….15

Chapter 6: Testing & Troubleshooting 6.1 Testing……………………………….……………………………………...………….176.2 Testing Strategies and procedure…….……………………………………...………….236.3 Results and analysis………………….……………………………………...………….24

Chapter 7: Advantages & Applications7.1 Advantages…..……………………….……………………………………...………….277.2 Applications………………………….……………………………………...………….27


II


Chapter 8: Conclusion8.1 Conclusion…..……………………….……………………………………...……….288.2 Future Scope………………………….……………………………………...……….28

References ………………………….………………………………………………....29

LIST OF FIGURES:

Figure 3.1 Block Diagram of vending machine……………..…………..…………….......5

Figure 3.2 Flow Chart of vending machine……...……..….…..……………………….....6

Figure 4.1 Raspberry pi 3B……………………………………………………….…...…..7

Figure 4.2 LCD Display……………………………………………………………….......8

Figure 4.3 GSM Module…………...………………………………………………….…..9

Figure 4.4 LED…………………..........................................................................................10

Figure 4.5 DC Motor……………...…………………………………………………...….10

Figure 4.6 Keypad………………………………...……………………………………....10

Figure 4.7 IR Sensor………………………………………………………………...…….10

Figure 6.1 Testing of DC motor………..…………………………………………...…….13

Figure 6.2 Testing of IR Sensor………..…………………………………………...…….13

Figure 6.3 Testing of 16x2 LCD………..…………………………………...……...…….14

Figure 6.4 Interdacing of button in Fritzing………..……………..………………...…….14

LIST OF TABLES:

Table 1.1 Literature Survey……………………..…............................................................2


III



CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

IV


Chapter 1

Introduction

Vending machine is a device that is used to disperse a product to user once a certain amount of money is

deposited into it. Vending machines were once used just to sell food, drinks and other small items but

nowadays they also sell products like cameras, mobiles etc. Vending machines are easily found in tourist

spots, airports, railway stations etc and Vending machines are very popular in developed countries like

Japan, US, UK. But nowadays people prefer to use digital payment options instead of cash to avoid the

hassles associated with carrying cash.

1.1 Motivation

Most of the vending machines available only accept cash and it can cause hassle for tourists and people that

want to buy products but don’t have proper change. There should be a system for vending machines to

accept coins as well as digital payment facilities like UPI (Unified Payment Interface) and other digital

wallets like Paytm, PayPal, PhonePe, Mobikwik etc. This will allow people to pay for things without having

to actually carry cash and go cashless. Also nowadays when the Covid-19 has resulted in a global pandemic

situation and people are afraid of the risk of infection when they buy products from human operated shops,

vending machines can be a viable solution to avoid shops if they are added automatic sanitization

mechanisms that spray the machine clean after specific intervals if needed. The proposed vending machine

accepts QR payments and keyboard-less product selection and product holder hatch , that minimizes the risk

of contamination and spread.

1.2 Background

Around 215 B.C, the primary vending machine that sold sacred water is accepted to have been developed in

Alexandria, Egypt. In late 1920 and 1930, costlier items were presented. Sample being soda pop and nickel-

confection. In 1946, espresso sellers were introduced followed by refrigerated sandwich merchants in 1950. .

During the early 1880s, the first commercial coin-operated vending machines were introduced in London,

England. Invented in 1883 by Percival Everitt, the machines were found at railway stations and post offices,

as they were a convenient way to purchase envelopes, postcards, and notepaper. The primary candy machine 2019-20

Department of E&TC, PCCOE


in the U.S. was developed 1888 by the Thomas Adams Gum Company. The candy machine administered a

bit of tutti-frutti gum. These days, numerous things are often found in candy machine, for instance , dress,

milk, cigarettes, postage stamps, cologne, baseball cards, books, live draw, comic books, and a few more.

Some high tech machines can apportion hot nourishments, for example, pizza, popcorn, French fries and

burgers.


CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY


Chapter 2Literature Survey

2.1. Literature Survey TableThe following table contains various papers related to our project and details about it.

SR NO

Paper Name Author

and Conference/Journal

Methodology Remarks

1 Smart Vending Machine Based on SMS Gateway ForGeneral Transactions

Moch. S. Arifin, Mat Syai’in, A.S.Setyoko

Published in IEEE Xplore

By using SMS gateway Module

Transactioncan be done by using short message system (SMS)

2 Ration vending machine using finger print scanner

Mr.Mantala Deepak Manoj,

Mr.JainAkshayRajendra

Prof.PatelJagdish, A.

Sandip Foundation

Published in International journal of advanced research and analysis in 2017.

Using fingerprint scanners to identify customers and manage their purchases.

This system overcome the problem of standing in queue and having delay.

3 RFID technology: Beyond cash-based methods in vending machine

Prof. Aneeqa Ramzan, Saad Rahman, Aquib Perwaiz

Published in 2017.

Methodology consists of passive RFID identification cards and reader for consumers, Arduino Mega microcontroller, SPI protocol for RFID and Arduino interfacing, keypad for password protection, liquid crystal display (LCD) for displaying consumer name and current balance, and SMS is sent for notification using GSM module

Thispaper characterizes design and employment of cashless and secure payment system in vending machine by using radio frequency identification technology, to improve the traditional cash-based system involving lot of problems and risks.

4Design of automated medicine

A Brolin, R Mithun, V Gokulnath and M

Inventory monitoring system to keep track of the

Better way to provide services, while



vending machine using mechatronics techniques

Harivishanth

Published in IOP in 2018

storage, an industrial standard vertical foam fill machine to pack the medication separately and a non-contact laser inkjet printer.

monitoring and managing inventory.

5 Automatic Chocolate Vending Machine By Using Raspberry pie

Prof. S.S.Desai, Sayali Maruti Jadhav, Priya Shivaji Patil, Giri Neeta Sambhaji

Published in International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science &Technology (IJIRCST)

Attempt to provide solution in coin based vending machine which is not returned the amount of money that is any change from machine.

This automatic chocolate vending machine offer variety of product as well as many different types of payment option.

6 Today and Tomorrow of Vending Machine and its Services in Japan

Toshio YokouchiDIRECT FORCE Association, Japan Published in IEEE Xplore

Gathering various data about vending machine in previous and current generation vending machine and analysis is done

The vending machine expanded rapidly in Japan since1970 shown on table 1, and the number of theinstallation exceeds 5 million units in 2008.The largest installed country is the United States. Thetotal number reached 7.7 million units.

2.2. Summary of Literature Survey

From above papers we have learned how basic mechanism of vending machine work like flow of various

operations in vending machine. For dispatching products, we learned about spiral mechanisms which rotates

and the product is pushed forward. For reducing delay in queue we have also learned about various payment

options offline/online payment UPI method. We also learned fingerprint scanner can also be implemented in

vending machine but according to our view it will take time to register a user first. We also learned about

vending machines used in late 90’s and how they were updated to what they are now. We also learned about

coin return mechanism for failed or fake coins and transactions.



2.3. Gap Identified through Literature Survey

As we know today there are many automated vending machine which are not only for product dispatching

they can also make product like pizza, burger, etc. in real time without any help of human being we only

need to give order that’s it today most of this kind of vending machine are implemented in hotels, stations

etc where it can make food without any help of human being. Gap identified through literature survey is that

earlier the vending machines were not that advanced and they were semi-automated . Payment options were

also limited only money in physical form i.e. coins or tokens are accepted as legitimate currency for

machine. Some advanced machines also accepted credit and debit cards but people perceived them to be

risky for security and also the machines became more complex and costly. By bringing the machine online

As a result, the units can communicate in real time with a centralized control platform that receives

real time data flows on functionality, warehousing, sales and much more.

2.4. Problem statement

2.4.1. Aim

To design and implement a vending machine that will accept a variety of coins and allow user to choose an

item and release it to user and also supports digital payment options to make purchases.

2.4.2. Objective

1. To provide an alternative mode of payment in vending machine i.e. from UPI and online wallets.

2. To reduce the delay in process of dispatching of product compared to traditional Vending machine.




CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY


Chapter 3Methodology

3.1. Project OutlineIn our proposed framework, the vending machine is intended to distribute certain milk additive products of

varying costs. The delivery method is rotary spiral wire mechanism that is attached to dc motors. Our

vending machine has 3 dc motors that are driven by a motor shield that is mounted on Arduino mega.

There are indicator LEDs above the products that keep the products visible in dark environments and

highlight a product when it is paid for until the product is delivered.

For handling the physical (or cash) payment part , we have a coin acceptor module that accepts a maximum

of 6 types of denominations and can have multiple coin inputs set for a single denomination (such as 5 Rs

coins that includes the older and newer coins).The machine accepts only on the coins it is programmed to

accept and rejects others. The accepted coins are deposited in a container.

For the online payment we rely on a GSM module that receives the payment notifications and parses them to

extract the amount paid to the machine. This amount is then compared with the product prices and the

respective product is delivered. This system allows the machine to function without the need of being

connected to internet which is helpful in remote areas where communication is an issue.

We also have a payment mode selection switch which makes the vending machine respond to online

payments once it is flipped upwards and to coin payments when it is flipped downwards.

3 .2. Block Diagram Explanation

This is the block diagram for our project vending machine which gives idea about connection of various

blocks/components with each other.

Fig.3.2.1. Block Diagram of Vending Machine2019-20



The block diagram for vending machine includes the following blocks:

1. Power supply

2. GSM module

3. DC motor

4. Indicator LEDs

5. LCD with I2C

6. Arduino MEGA

7. Coin Acceptor

8. Arduino Motor Shield

9. Switch (cash/cashless)

1. Power supply: Provides required power to the devices and components to work. In this project we used 12V power supply.

2. GSM module: Starts listening for notifications and once the notification is received, it is parsed to find out the amount paid by the user, this amount is then used to drive the respective DC motors to dispatch the product.

3. DC motor: Each motor is connected to a spiral mechanism which houses the products to sell and acts as a delivery mechanism. When payment is made, the Arduino Mega will alert the respective motor to rotate in order to deliver product.

4. Indicator LEDs: the indicator LED’s are used only for highlighting the product in a specific price range.

5. Display: LCD is used to display payment is successful or not. Used 16*2 LCD with I2C.

6. Arduino MEGA: The central processing unit is Arduino which is used to encode and decode various signals as per requirement. It receives inputs from Coin acceptor, GSM module and works on them to derive the amount paid by the user and then provides the DC motors the inputs to dispatch product accordingly.

7. Coin Acceptor: It is used for taking coin as input and do further operations like giving signal to controller if we put a coin in it.

8. Arduino Motor Shield: It is used to drive 3 DC motors and used as protection for Arduino as motors generate back emf which can damage Arduino.

9. Payment mode switch: It is used for switching input mode of payment as cash or cashless.



3.3. Flow Chart Explanation:This is the flowchart of our project vending machine which explains the flow of signals in our circuit

which also have feedback system.

Fig.3.3.1. Flow Chart of Vending Machine



In order to start operation, we have to first choose the product we want if we decided what product we want

next step is to select payment mode with help of switch i.e. with coins or UPI. For selecting cashless mode

(UPI) switch it to upward direction and for cash (coin) based mode switch it to down side. After selecting

mode of payment pay the money equivalent to product you selected. If the amount is received it will match

the amount with product if the amount matches it will dispatch that product if the entered amount doesn’t

match with any of the product it will simply cancel the transaction and no product is going to dispatch.




CHAPTER 4

DESIGN & IMPLEMENTAION

OF PROPOSED SYSTEM


Chapter 4Design & Implementation Of Proposed System

4.1. Circuit Diagram:Below fig is circuit diagram of vending machine.

Fig.4.1.1. Circuit Diagram of Vending Machine



4.2. Hardware Specifications:

1) Arduino MEGA:The information and image of Arduino MEGA is given below.

Fig.4.2.1. Arduino MEGA

The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560 (datasheet). It has 54 digital

input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial

ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It

contains everything needed to support the microcontroller simply connect it to a computer with a

USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

2) LCD Display with I2C:The following component is LCD used for displaying messages as per requirement.

Fig.4.2.2. LCD with I2C



A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These

modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are

economical easily programmable have no limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike

in seven segments), animations and so on. A 16*2 LCD display means it can display 16 characters per line

and there are 2 such lines. I2C is used with it to reduce unnecessary connections.

3) GSM Module:The following component is a GSM module used with SIM card with some AT commands.

Fig.4.2.3. GSM Module

A GSM module or a GPRS module is a chip or circuit that will be used to establish communication

between a mobile device or a computing machine and a GSM or GPRS system. GSM (Global System for

Mobile Communications, originally Group Special Mobile), is a standard developed by the European

Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). In this project we used SIM800L it is a minuscule GSM

module that offers 2G GSM/GPRS data, and supports SIMCOM enhanced AT commands. Because it

uses the serial communication method, it's easy to interface with the UART of almost all popular

microcontrollers.

4) Coin Acceptor:The following component is coin acceptor used as one of the input devices for vending machine.

Fig.4.2.4. Coin Acceptor2019-20



The sensors in this coin acceptor use the thickness, diameter and fall time of the coins to identify them and

it’s fully programmable so you’re not limited to any particular type of currency. Simply use the buttons and

7-segment display on the side of the unit to select a coin profile, insert a bunch of coin samples (or the same

one, over and over) and you’re good to go! After you’ve programmed the coin profiles, the coin acceptor

will recognize them and report when each type is inserted, rejecting other coins.

5) DC Motor:The following are secondary components i.e. motor is used as secondary applications like primary action is

giving coin in machine after that this things will work.

Fig.4.2.5. DC Motor

The DC motors will rotate the spiral mechanism which in turn will move the product towards user and

finally dispatch the product purchased through the hatch. The Brushed DC Motor 6V, 11500rpm has a

recommended operation voltage of 3-12 V. Approximate specifications at 6 V: free-run speed of 11,500

RPM, free-run current of 70 mA and stall current of 800 mA.

6) LED:The following are secondary components i.e. LED is used as secondary applications like primary action is

giving coin in machine after that this things will work.

Fig.4.2.6. LED2019-20



A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it.

Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons.

When we pay amount of the product respectively the LED light will glow it’s just used to highlight the

product.

7) Arduino Motor Shield:

The following component is Motor shield used to control DC motors.

Fig.4.2.7. Arduino Motor Shield

The Arduino Motor Shield is based on the L2983D, which is a dual full-bridge driver designed

to drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, DC and stepping motors. It lets you drive two

DC motors with your Arduino board, controlling the speed and direction of each one

independently. You can also measure the motor current absorption of each motor, among other

features.

8) I2C for LCD:

The following component is I2C used for connecting LCD.

Fig.4.2.8. I2C2019-20



This I2C 16x2 Arduino LCD Screen is using an I2C communication interface. It means it only needs 4 pins

for the LCD display: VCC, GND, SDA, SCL. It will saves at least 4 digital / analog pins on Arduino. All

connector are standard XH2.54 (Breadboard type). The two wires, or lines are called Serial Clock (or SCL)

and Serial Data (or SDA). The SCL line is the clock signal which synchronize the data transfer between the

devices on the I2C bus and it's generated by the master device. The other line is the SDA line which carries

the data.

9) SPST Switch:

The following component is switch used for selecting payment mode.

Fig.4.2.9. SPST Switch

A Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) switch is a switch that only has a single input and can have two output

on or off in this project we configured switch as payment selector as we can have two output cash/cashless

mode. It’s a simple device.


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4.3. Design Consideration:

1) Something that is often neglected is ease of servicing. The machine must be easy enough for an

operator to empty and maintain, whilst remaining secure.

2) Consider different methods of payment. People may not always have the correct currency or loose

change.

3) The products must always be visible to the consumer by appropriate lighting provision in the

machine. The instructions for use and QR code for payment must be Large and clear. The prices

should be properly mentioned to avoid any hiccups for the consumer.

4) The Vending machine should have storage capability for the coins entered.

5) The product should consume less power and can be supplied by DC adaptor or battery both.

6) The vending machine should always display its system status (ready to use – amount recieved –

dispatching product – Product delivered). This is especially important for occurring errors and when

the ordering process is finished.




CHAPTER 5

SOFTWARE IMPLMENTATION


Chapter 5Software Implementation

5.1. Software Required:

The required software specifications are as follows:

1) Arduino IDE:

Fig.5.1.1. Arduino IDE

Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices. Its products are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License(LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially in preassembled form or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.

Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers. The boards are equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards or breadboards (shields) and other circuits. The boards feature serial communications interfaces, including Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some models, which are also used for loading programs from personal computers. The microcontrollers can be programmed using C and C++ programming languages. In addition to using traditional compiler toolchains the Arduino project provides an integrated development environment (IDE) based on the Processing language project.



2) Fritzing:

Fig.5.1.2. Fritzing

Fritzing is an open-source initiative to develop amateur or hobby CAD software for the design of electronics

hardware to support designers and artists ready to move from experimenting with a prototype to building a

more permanent circuit. It was developed at the University of Applied Sciences Potsdam.

The software is created in the spirit of the Processing programming language and the Arduino

microcontroller and allows a designer, artist, researcher, or hobbyist to document their Arduino-based

prototype and create a PCB layout for manufacturing. The associated website helps users share and discuss

drafts and experiences as well as to reduce manufacturing costs.

Fritzing can be seen as an electronic design automation (EDA) tool for non-engineers: the input metaphor is

inspired by the environment of designers (the breadboard-based prototype), while the output is focused on

accessible means of production.




CHAPTER 6

TESTING & TROUBLESHOOTING


Chapter 6Testing & Troubleshooting

6.1. Testing:

The below figures show the interfacing and testing of hardware components individually.

1) Coin Acceptor:

Below fig. shows the connection of coin acceptor with arduino.

Fig.6.1.1. Testing of Coin Acceptor

Fig.6.1.2. Coin Acceptor interface in fritzing2019-20



The testing and interfacing of coin acceptor is very simple there is only one pin which can generate signal as

per coins inserted in it. SIG – signal pin is interfaced with any digital pins in Arduino and it need 12V

external power supply for working.

2) DC motor with shield:

Below fig. shows the connection of DC motor & motor sheild with arduino.

Fig.6.1.3. Testing of DC motor

Fig.6.1.4. DC motor Interfacing in fritzing



While using this shield 6 analog Pins (which can be used as digital pins too), pin 2 and pin 13 of

arduino are free. In the case of using Servo motor, pins 9, 10, 2 are in use. In the case of using DC

motor, pin11 for #1, pin3 for #2, pin5 for #3, pin6 for #4 and pins 4, 7, 8 and 12 for all of them are in

use. In the case of using Stepper motor, pins 11 and 3 for #1, pins 5 and 6 for #2 and pins 4, 7, 8 and 12

for all of them are in use. You can use free pins by wired connections.

As a bonus, the shield offers below features:

1. The shield comes with a pulldown resistor array to keep motors switched off during power-up.

2. The on-board LED indicates the motor power supply is Okay. If it is not lit, the motors will not run.

3. The RESET is nothing but Arduino’s reset button. It just brought up top for convenience

3) LCD Display:

Below fig. shows the connection of LCD with arduino.

Fig.6.1.5. Testing of 16x2 LCD

Fig.6.1.6. Interfacing of 16x2 LCD in fritzing



The LCD can be connected with the Arduino in both 4 bit as well as 8 bit mode. The 4 bit mode required 6

GPIO pins while the 8 bit mode requires 10 GPIO pins. Because the 4-bit mode requires less GPIO pins so

we are going to use the 4-bit mode. Both modes have same speed.

4) SPST Switch:

Below fig. shows the connection of switch with arduino.

Fig.6.1.7. Testing of SPST Switch

Fig.6.1.8. Interfacing of SPST Switch in fritzing



The power will be supplied by the Arduino to switch, therefore

1. Connect the 3.3V power from the Arduino to the red power rail of the breadboard using a red jumper

wire.

2. Connect the GND pin from the Arduino to the black rail on the breadboard with a black jumper wire.

Connecting the switch to power and the Arduino

1. Connect the middle pin of the SPST switch to pin 8 on the Arduino.

2. Connect one of the outer pins to the red power rail on the breadboard.

3. While the remaining outer pin will be connected to the black power rail on the breadboard.

5) GSM Module:

Below fig. shows the connection of GSM module with arduino.

Fig.6.1.9. Testing of GSM Module



Fig.6.1.10. Interfacing of GSM Module in fritzing

At the heart of the module is a SIM800L GSM cellular chip from SimCom. The operating voltage of the

chip is from 3.4V to 4.4V, which makes it an ideal candidate for direct LiPo battery supply. This makes it a

good choice for embedding into projects without a lot of space. All the necessary data pins of SIM800L

GSM chip are broken out to a 0.1″ pitch headers. This includes pins required for communication with a

microcontroller over UART. The module supports baud rate from 1200bps to 115200bps with Auto-Baud

detection. The module needs an external antenna to connect to a network. The module usually comes with

a Helical Antenna and solders directly to NET pin on PCB. The board also has a U.FL connector facility in

case you want to keep the antenna away from the board. We just now need to give some AT commands and

use RX TX pin of module and arduino to communicate with each other.



6.2. Testing Strategies & Test Procedure:

At first each of the machine components was independently paired with Arduino and was tested for the

function it played in the machine operation.

The coin acceptor was tested to verify that it only accepted the programmed coins and identified them

properly.

The GSM module was tested to verify that it quickly acquired signal reception when switched on and then

the payment notification was properly parsed to acquire the amount sent. The amount transferred has to

match the amount parsed.

The DC motors were tested to check if they rotated in the proper direction so as to rotate the spiral

mechanism outwards and deliver product. Also their rotation period was calculated and fixed so that only

one product is dispatched in one transaction and no accidental discharges.

The LCD display was programmed and checked that it properly updated data as per the transaction amount

and transaction stage. It should always display the proper payment mode selected by the user.

The SPST switch was programmed and tested to check whether it always identified the mode of payment

selected by user.

The next major testing was done to see that all the components when paired and mounted together got the

proper power supply they required and that no conflicting pins problem arise. The pins used by one

particular component should not interfere with pins used by other component.

The system was further checked and verified for the components like display and motor move according to

the input in proper timed intervals and no errors are occurring during the operation.



6.3. Results & Analysis:

Below fig. shows the final project/prototype views .

Figure 7.1: Front view



Figure 7.2: Top view

Figure 7.3: Side view



Figure 7.4: LCD status view

The analysis of the result is given below:

The vending machine successfully accepts and processes both digital and physical payment. The average time from the moment a coin is entered to the moment where the product is delivered is about 6 seconds. The same time interval for a digital mode transaction is about 10 seconds. The vending machine can be powered by 9-12V DC battery or adaptor. The vending machine uses one DC adapter to power all the components. This avoids hassles in wiring regarding power supply and thus ensures reduced complexity of project circuitry.

During idle mode i.e. when no transaction is taking place the LCD will display the selected payment mode every 2 seconds, so that the new consumer can check that the payment mode matches his or her preference and adjust the mode if it doesn’t.

For online transactions, the industry norm is using an online database that constantly updates according to payments made that products dispatched. This system requires constant internet connectivity and more powerful single board computers. It is also difficult for hobbyists and new developers to get into the machine ecosystem development. Even though internet connectivity in India is improving, it is still inadequate for payment operations in many regions.

Our vending machine can work using just cell phone reception to receive payment notifications and work on product delivery. This reduces the initial and operating costs , device complexity and is better for small time stores to make their own machines and put into use.

This machine can be made into a more enhanced and larger scale device that houses dozens of products at once. The DC motor actuator we used can be replaced with solenoid valve connected to water purifier to make drinking water vending machine. The drinking water vending machines available in market only accept coins and cost lakhs of rupees but, using our method, the same machine can be made for 25-30 thousand INR (including metal casing, Large Scale water purifier and storage tank). Same can be said for normal snacks vending machines or beverage vending machines.

The systems can be coupled to a single 12V solar panel and battery to get a completely grid independent vending machine.


CHAPTER 7

ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS



CHAPTER 7

ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS


Chapter 7Advantages & Applications

7.1. Advantages:

Following are advantages of vending machine

1. Saves manpower. The machine works without the need for any person to monitor or assist it.

2. Can work at anyplace, anytime without any security needed. These machines can be placed

anywhere, all the time.

3. Can be used to sell products from snacks, personal care items to even expensive electronics like

phones, cameras etc.

4. Digital payments make business free from errors and easier to manage. They also make it easier

to keep check on inventory, create a customer database to study product sales.

5. Considering current coronavirus situation, these machines can be used to sell products while

ensuring no delay or contamination of products and also preventing any further spread of the

disease.

6. Placing dedicated machines accessible to people everywhere also prevents crowding in shops.

7.2. Applications:

The following are some applications of vending machines.

1. In Health Clubs, great revenue generator, especially those that operate on a 24/7 basis. Dispense

items such as t-shirts, towels, gloves, headphones, tanning goggles, socks, etc. Utilize member ID

badge as form of payment and allow customer to have bill added on to monthly membership fee.

2. In public places for dispensing food products, and private products. In educational or work

institutes for dispensing sanitary products or snacks and coffee.

3. The machines are also ideal for off-site locations as well in Medical Supplies. An ideal way to

dispense controlled medical supplies in environments such as hospitals or other EMS locations.

Employees have access to products within machine via employee ID scan, PIN, or even a

biometric finger-print scanner. Dedicated back-end website allows you to control access and keep

tabs on inventory. Keep your EMS inventory controlled and secured with this application.




CHAPTER 7

CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE


Chapter 7Conclusion & Future Scope

8.1. Conclusion:

We have created a system which could eliminate the hurdles of cost. The microcontroller that we have used

is ATmega2560, which is a powerful platform for building low-cost, but highly capable systems. The

interfaces built into its GPIO connector make it easy to bolt on modules using simple low-cost electronics

and a bit of configuration to create very functional and flexible systems. The inclusion of a GSM sim800l as

interfacing modules satisfies the need of an establishing communication between a mobile device. We used

rotary spiral coils as product delivery mechanism, these coils were attached to DC motors. We used Arduino

motor driver shield, a module used for connecting and controlling DC motors and protect the controller from

back emf. For creating a vending machine with more products, Arduino mega is capable of supporting upto

48 dc motors. The coin acceptor for taking coins as input for the system. The device also offers the online

payment mode via UPI. An LCD is a device which is used to display the information of system & a simple

switch used for changing mode of payment. Using these components, we have built a system that dispatch

product once the payment is made for the same. The end product even though a proof of concept model can

fulfill the needs of the current market scenario. The entire data of this vending machine mechanism will be

uploaded across the internet following the open source policy of Arduino for others to build and improve

upon.

8.2. Future Scope:

Both Vending machines and digital payment are emerging technologies in current market and consumer

demand. Considering the current Coronavirus outbreak, more stress is given on social distancing and

nonstop consumer services. Man operated shops are subject to more risks than a vending machine.

Considering that these machines can provide service around the clock, there is a huge possibility of vending

machine industry booming in India too just like it did in USA, UK, South Korea and Japan.

The vending machines can be further improved upon by adding cooking and storage support for ready to eat

and instant foods, (like pizza, noodles vending machines and cold or hot beverages vending machine.) To

ensure safety against contamination (timer based sanitization mechanisms can be added to ensure safety od

user). Furthermore IoT can provide game-changing features, like realtime stock updates to the vending

machine proprietors to ensure machines never run empty of the products and maintainance, added security

against theft and sabotage.



REFERENCES

Journal /Article /Paper

[1] Zhang Wen, "The vending machine IC card charge module's design and applies", micro

computer information, pp. 201-203, 2006.

[2] Zhan Changping, "territorial integrity. Based on motion payment's vending machine", the

modern electronic technology, pp. 38-40, 2004.

[3] Chen Baoan, Based on cell phone text messages reply vending machine scientific and technical

information development and economy, pp. 263-264, 2004.

[4] Akash M. Gondane, Ram Kumar, “Snack and Cold Drinks Vending Machine” Published in

International Research Papers in 2016.

[5] Tsutomu Washizu, "Culture History of Vending Machine", Syueisyashinsyo, 2003.

[6] Jaffe, Eric "Old World, High Tech" (World's First Vending Machine) Retrieved 4 April 2018.

[7] J.P. Conti, “The Internet of Thing” IET Communications Engineer Vol. 4, No. 6, Dec.-Jan.

2006, pp. 20 - 25.


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