design of a science operations centre for the exomars 2016 trace gas orbiter mission a. cardesin...
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Design of a Science Operations Centre for the ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter Mission
A. Cardesin Moinelo, D. Frew, L. Metcalfe, P. Martin, N. Manaud, A. Villacorta, J. Brumfitt (1)and O. Witasse (2)
(1) ESA-ESAC, European Space Astronomy Centre, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain(2) ESA-ESTEC, European Space Research Centre, Norwijk, The Netherlands
IntroductionAbstractThis contribution describes the design of the Science Operations Centre being developed at the European Space and Astronomy Centre (ESAC) for the ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter mission. This technical contribution describes the assumptions and design decisions that have been taken in order to meet all the scientific requirements of the mission considering the tight schedule imposed by the launch date in early 2016. In order to meet all the requirements, the system design takes advantage of the existing expertise and the tools available from previous planetary missions, which will serve as a solid starting point for the development of the core critical elements of the science operations uplink system. Additionally the system design is taking advantage of the collaboration with other development frameworks existing at ESAC for future planetary missions and the further support obtained by the Russian collaboration establishing synergies and improving the baseline core system with advanced state-of-the-art techniques and methods.
Uplink System
ExoMars 2016 Ground Segment
ExoMars 2016 MissionThe first mission of the ExoMars programme consists of a Trace Gas Orbiter plus an Entry, Descent and Landing Demonstrator Module (EDM) that will be launched together in January 2016 on a Proton rocket and will fly to Mars in a mated configuration scheduled for arrival after a 9-month cruise phase. Three days before reaching the atmosphere of Mars, the EDM will be ejected from the Orbiter entering the Martian atmosphere and landing on the surface of the planet. The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter will be inserted into an elliptical orbit around Mars and then sweep through the atmosphere during a long aerobraking phase of several months to finally settle into a circular, ~400km altitude orbit ready to conduct its scientific mission starting in late 2017. The main objectives of this mission are to search for evidence of trace atmospheric gases that could be signatures of active biological or geological processes and to test key technologies in preparation for ESA's contribution to subsequent missions to Mars. The Trace Gas Orbiter will also serve as a data relay asset for the 2018 rover mission of the ExoMars programme until the end of 2022.
Segment Stakeholder Interface
Science Management
Project Scientist Science management and main interface to principal investigators Assessment and approval of science plans
Science Working Team
Definition, refinement and categorization of science goals Identification of contributing observations
MOC Mission Operations Centre
Data Systems Distribution of science and housekeeping telemetry Distribution of auxiliary data products
Mission Planning
Validation of payload operations timelines Implementation of spacecraft timelines Spacecraft-ground communication schedules Generation of time correlation information Provision of spacecraft and ground system configuration
Flight Dynamics Validation of spacecraft attitude timelines Implementation of spacecraft trajectory and orientation. Production of spacecraft auxiliary data products Provision of spacecraft trajectory and attitude rules and
constraints
SGS Science Ground Segment
Instrument Team
Payload operation and achievement of science objectives: Definition of science observations Refinement of science observation timelines Handling and archiving of science products
Science Archives Team
Long term archiving of science data Dissemination of science data products to science community
Russian SOC (NNK)
Visibility of Science Operations Uplink system Support to downlink system on instrument data handling Replication of Deep Science Archive
System Functionality Main Capabilities
Uplink
Opportunity Analysis
Definition of the contributing observation conditions with expert instrument team support
Calculation of science opportunities defined by geometrical and operational conditions Analysis of opportunity events based on contextual geometrical and operational
information.
Scheduling and Planning
Support the science working team and the instrument teams in the preparation of the science plans.
Scheduling of the science observations timeline, assigning times for each observation operation.
Definition of the detailed observation timelines, including instrument pointing, operations and resource profiles.
Plan Simulation Simulation of the operations plan for the payload and spacecraft models. Computation of all geometry parameters, operational timeline and resource profiles.
Plan Validation Validation of the operations plan within all payload and spacecraft constraints. Validation of all geometrical, operational and resource checks.
Product Generation
Generate all operational products for the Long/Medium/Short Term Planning for iteration with the PI teams
Export of the observation timeline into MOC compatible request formats (POR/PTR)
Auxiliary Data Conversion
Convert SOC planning products and MOC products to SPICE format Make auxiliary spacecraft data available to the instrument teams in SPICE format
Operations Data Management
Configuration and management of observation definitions and plans Configuration and management of instrument and spacecraft models Configuration and management of system constraints and settings Validation of submitted observation timelines
Downlink
Data Handling
Data Acquisition of science and housekeeping telemetry from the ESOC Data Dissemination System
Data Processing of the input telemetry to generate PDS4 raw science and housekeeping data products.
Data acquisition and processing of auxiliary data: Events, Out-of-Limits, TM gap reports, etc
Archiving
Generation of PDS4 data bundles from PDS4 science and housekeeping data products at all processing levels.
Validation and Ingestion of PDS 4 bundle data at all data processing levels. Validation and archiving of calibrated data delivered by PI teams
Feedback*
Observations Log Database
List of planned observations Traceability of operations and data processing Planning, execution and data processing status Geometric, scientific and instrument performance quality control Monitoring of science coverage goals
Science Quick-Look
Quick-look visualization of science data to identify problems and issues relevant to science planning in order to allow rapid corrections or rescheduling
Engineering Housekeeping Monitoring
Monitoring of engineering data to identify problems and issues relevant to science planning in order to allow rapid corrections or rescheduling
TGO Instrument Science Objectives
ACS(Atmospheric Chemistry Suite)
This suite of 3 infrared instruments will investigate the chemistry and structure of the Martian atmosphere. ACS will complement NOMAD by extending the coverage at infrared wavelengths, and by taking images of the Sun to better analyse the solar occultation data.
CaSSIS(Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System)
A high-resolution camera (5 metres per pixel) capable of obtaining colour and stereo images over a wide swathe. CaSSIS will provide the geological and dynamical context for sources or sinks of trace gases detected by NOMAD and ACS.
FREND(Fine Resolution Epithermal Neutron Detector)
This neutron detector will be used to map the presence of hydrogen on the Martian surface, targeting deposits of near-surface water ice.
NOMAD (Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery)
A spectrometer suite, covering a wide range of wavelengths (including infrared to ultraviolet), to identify the components of the Martian atmosphere.
Ground Segment Architecture Ground Segment Parties Science Ground SegmentTop Level Design
ExoMars 2016 Science Operations Centre Design
EXOMARS 2016 Science Ground Segment System Design
User
sPr
oces
sDa
taIn
terfa
ceUs
ers
Proc
ess
Inte
rface
Data Archiving Sub-System
PDS Bundle
Generation
PDS Bundle
Validation
SOC
PDS4 Raw Data Server
SAT
Data Delivery
Area
PDS Bundle
Ingestion
PDS Bundle Distribution
Planetary Science Archive
Science Community
PSA Public Interface
Retrieve Raw Data
Deliver Calibrated
Data
Deliver Derived
Data
Deliver RawData
Data Retrieval Interface Data Delivery Interface
Co-IPI
Archive Sub-System User Interface
SAT Interface
PI NNK
NNK
Data Mirror
DeepScience Archive
Science Community
Deep Archive Public Interface
Science Community
NNK Interface
TelemetryData Server
SGS Data Archiving Sub-System DesignSGS Data Handling: Acquisition and Processing System
EXOMARS 2016 Science Ground Segment System Design
Use
rIn
terf
ace
Pro
cess
Dat
aIn
terf
ace
Pro
cess
Use
r
Uplink System Architecture
Scheduling Planning
ObservationOpportunity
Windows
Science &Operational
Criteria
ObservationSchedule
Schedule Update
SOC
Planning Files
Plan Iterations &
Updates
PI
Define & Update Criteria
Opportunity Analysis
Define Geometrical Conditions
Operational Constraints
& Events
Event Definitions
Science Opportunity
Database
AuxiliaryGeometry
Information
MOC
GFTS/DDS/FTP
PlanSimulation
Simulation Products
Plan Simulation
PlanValidation
Validation Reports
Plan Validation
ESOC Product
Generation
PointingSequencesResources
ESOC Product Delivery
MOC
GFTS
TGO Science Operations Repository
Auxiliary Data
Conversion
Review Observation Opportunity
Windows
TGO WEB & Science Operations Repository
SGS Uplink System Architecture SGS Centralized Uplink Processes
Downlink System
*Feedback processes are considered “Optional/Enhanced Design”, and are not described here as they will not be implemented in the first stage. They are considered only here as non-critical processes that could extend the future SOC capabilities if available during the science phase of the mission.
System and Sub-System Functionalities