design frameworks: past, present and futures
DESCRIPTION
Where do the design frameworks we use and promote in permaculture come from? Permaculture is a magpie discipline taking useful material from many places and often forgetting where it took it from along the way – what can we collectively re-member? What are the histories of SADIMET, OBREDIMET and others – and might knowing those histories inform our use of them now?TRANSCRIPT
Present
Design Frameworks AKA Design Processes AKA Design Sequences AKA Design Procedures AKA Design Macros AKA Design Spaces AKA Design Spirals…
Permaculture Design Processes By Hannah Thorogood
Design Tools AKA Design Methods
Permaculture Design Tools By Hannah Thorogood
S
A
D
I
M
E
T
Survey
Assess/Analyse
Design/Decisions
Implement
Maintain/Manage
Evaluate
Tweak
From Hedvig Murray’s website http://hedvigmurray.co.uk/
O
B
R
E
D
I
M
E
T
Observe
Boundaries
Resources
Design/Decisions
ImplementaAon
Maintain/Manage
(r)Evaluate
Tweak
Evaluate
Anonymous, from http://clipartist.info
C
E
A
P
Collect site informa/on
Evaluate this informa/on
Apply permaculture Principles to this informa/on & to generate a design
Plan a schedule of implementa/on, Maintenance & tweaking
Patrick Whitefield
From Earth Care Manual
Australian Design Process? “IIEPCIORR” from Aranya Permaculture Design
Ross Mars Design Process
Information Phase Analysis Phase Design Phase Management Phase
Observing & Collecting Data
Reflecting, Examining & Collating data. Recognizing patterns
Determining Strategies
Implementing, Monitoring & managing
From The Basics of Permaculture Design (1996)
Action Learning Cycle
Past
Permaculture Elder
OLD MEN
ACTION LEARNING CYCLE
David A Kolb (b.1939)
Peter Honey and Alan Mumford’s Reworking of Kolb’s Learning Cycle
Peter Honey (b.1940)
Japanese P-D-C-A cycle, 1951
W. Edwards Deming (1900 - 1993 )
Deming Wheel (1951)
Dr Walter A. Shewhart (1891-1967)
Statistical method from the viewpoint of quality control (1939)
Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Novum Organum Scientiarum (1620)
Chris Argyris (b.1923)
Donald Schön (1930-1997)
The Reflective Practitioner: How professionals think in Action (1984)
O’BREDIMET
From Industrial Engineering?
Russell Mackenzie Currie (1902 - 1967)
Work Study (1960)
Select
Record
Examine
Develop
Install
Maintain
S-R-E-D-I-M
Andy Langford (b.1949)
1970s – uses SREDIM in production engineering context.
1980s – teaching permaculture, recognizing lack of design frameworks adapts SREDIM as BREDIM
B Boundaries and resources R Recording of the site E Examination and analysis of data D Design strategies chosen I Implementation Strategy M Maintenance requirement of proposed system
Development of BREDIM
To OBREDIM – Addition of O for Observation
To OBREDIMET – Addition of ET for Evaluation and Tweaking
From Welsh permaculture group early 1990s?
From within permaculture community late 1990s?
SADIMET From Landscape Architecture?
The modernist Survey-Analysis-Design procedure, as used in the 1970s From City as Landscape: A Post Post‐modern View of Design and Planning (1995) by Tom Turner
Patrick Geddes (1854 – 1922)
SURVEY – ASSESS ‐ PLAN
“Survey before plan”
“Diagnos/c Survey”
“Conserva/ve Surgery”
Geddes - Valley Section
Andy Langford Design Cycle Manual (Gaia University International)
Future
Bill Mollison & David Holmgren
Design Web Developed by Looby McNamara
www.spiralsofabundance.com www.designedvisions.com
James Chapman’s Designing Tree Design Process
Three Phases:
1 – Ground Work (Roots)
2 – Evalua/on and The Elements (Trunk)
3 – The Design Tools (Branches), Principles (Leaves) and Ideas (Blossom)
E-G-A-D-I-M-E Design Process by Deano Martin
h`p://deanom.wordpress.com/diploma/test‐one/project‐two/
David Jacke
Goals Ar/cula/on
Site Analysis & Assessment
Design Concept Development
Design
Implementa/on
Maintenance David Jacke with Eric Toensmeir Edible Forest Gardens; Volume Two: Design & Practice (2005)
Design process developed by Ethan Roland and colleagues at Appleseed Permaculture.
h`p://appleseedpermaculture.com/services/design/
GaSADIM
GaSADIE
GSADIM
Addition of “Goals Articulation” To SADIM Design Process
Permaculture Design Process Wheel By Charles A. Laurel (Inspired by Dave Jacke, Jon Young, and Mark Morey)
h`p://www.transi/onputney.net/resources/a‐permaculture‐design‐process‐wheel/
8 Shields Model via Jon Young http://8shields.com/
Ken Wilber’s “AQAL” Model used within Integrative Ecosocial Design At Gaia University
http://www.gaiauniversity.org/
http://biomimicry.net
Wider Design Thinking
A double diamond diagram was developed through in‐house research at the Design Council in 2005 as a simple graphical way of describing the design process. h`p://www.designcouncil.org.uk/designprocess
Tom Markus and Tom Maver’s map of the architectural design process (1969/70)
RIBA’s outline “Plan of Work” Original (1960s) and 2013 revision
Engineering Design Process (NASA)
RESOURCES
Books
Hugh Dubberly How do you Design: A Compendium of Models Hanks, Belliston Edwards Design Yourself J. Christopher Jones Design Methods Bryan Lawson How Designers Think; The Design Process Demystified
Websites
Design Council - www.designcouncil.org.uk/designprocess IDEO - http://www.ideo.com/work/toolkit-for-educators J. Christopher Jones - http://www.softopia.demon.co.uk/ Metadesigners Open Network - http://metadesigners.org
Will there be permaculture design in the new Design Museum?
Why Not?
James Piers Taylor
@LondonPrmcultr
http://permaculturediploma.blogspot.co.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/naturewise http://www.youtube.com/LondonPermaculture http://www.slideshare.net/yourmindfire
Thanks to Aranya, Graham Bell, Jon Boshier, Mark Fisher and Andy Langford for providing information.