design and simulation of modulation schemes used for fpga based software defined radio
TRANSCRIPT
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Presented by
SUCHARITA SAHAReg No. – 131300410009
Under the guidance of
Mr. SHREEDEEP GANGOPADHYAYAssistant Professor, ECE Dept.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERINGEM-4/1, Sector-V, Salt Lake,
Kolkata-700091 2013-2014
Design and Simulation of Modulation Schemes Used for FPGA based
Software Defined Radio
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Problems with Current Technology & Proposed Solutions
Objective of this Project Relevance To VLSI Design Basic Modulation System Software Defined Radio(SDR) Design and simulation of proposed architectures of
BPSK and QPSK Importance of the Project Observation Conclusion Plan for future
Contents
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Problems with Current Technology
• Cell phone communication standards change every few years
• Satellite ground station would like to listen to multiple spacecraft
• Spectrum space is a precious resource
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Proposed Solutions
Software-Defined Radio
Flexible radio systems that allow communication standards to migrate
Reconfiguring a radio in software
Communicate via different protocols at different times
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Objective of this Project
To create various modulations schemes (BPSK/QPSK) system for SDR using Hardware Co-Simulation with VHDL targeting a Spartan 3E FPGA device and to verify using MATLAB System Generator.
To implement this design in the reconfigurable architecture ( FPGA ) for real time data communication.
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Relevance to VLSI design
The project is targeted on FPGA based embedded system. FPGA itself is a VLSI chip. VLSI design can be broadly classified into three domain. – Behavioral, Structural, Physical An embedded system is nearly any computing system which – Single‐functioned – Tightly constrained – Reactive and real‐time – Hardware and software co-existence
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Basic Modulation System
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Software Defined Radio(SDR)
Radio in which some or the entire physical layer functions are software defined.
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AM/FM Simulink output
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Cont.
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Cont.
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Design and simulation of proposed architectures of BPSK and QPSK
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Binary Phase Shift Keying
BPSK has only two phases of the carrier, at the same frequency, but separated by 180º.
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BPSK modulator in System Generator environment
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BPSK modulator output in System Generator environment
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Cont.
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Simulink model of BPSK modulator
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Simulink model output of BPSK modulator
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Simulink model of BPSK modulator using MATLAB Embedded function
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Simulink model of BPSK modulator output using MATLAB Embedded function
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BPSK modulator in System Generator environment
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BPSK modulator Output in System Generator environment
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Xilinx Spartan-3E FPGA Starter Kit Board Hardware used : RS232 cable for UART Xilinx Platform USB cable Compact Flash reader (to load programs into the compact
flash)
Software needed :
1. Xilinx ISE Design Suite (version 14.2 is used here) 2. MATLAB (version 2011b is used here)
Hardware needed:
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Picture of the XILINX Spartan-3E FPGA Starter Kit Board
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Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA)
Logic blocks
◦ to implement combinational
and sequential logic
Interconnect
◦ wires to connect inputs and
outputs to logic blocks
I/O blocks
◦ special logic blocks at periphery
of device for external connections
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Hardware Software Co-simulation of BPSK Modulator
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Hardware Software Co-simulation of BPSK modulator Output
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Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
DemultiplexerBipolar NRZ level encoder
Adder
Binary data
sequence
b(t)
be(t)
bo(t)
√Ps(cos2пfct)
√Ps(sin2пfct)
Se(t)
So(t) QPSK signal
S(t)
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Modulated SignalSe(t) = be(t) √Ps(sin2пfct)So(t) = bo(t) √Ps(cos2пfct)
QPSK signalS(t) = So(t) + Se(t)
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
b(t)
bo(t)
√Ps(cos2пfct)
So(t)
S(t)
√Ps(sin2пfct)BPSK signal
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QPSK Output of MATLAB Programming
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QPSK Output of MATLAB Programming
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QPSK Output of MATLAB Programming
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QPSK modulator in System Generator environment
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QPSK modulator Output in System Generator environment
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Sub-system of QPSK modulator in System Generator environment
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Sub-system Output of QPSK Modulator in System Generator environment
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Hardware Software Co-simulation of QPSK Modulator
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Hardware Software Co-simulation of QPSK Modulator Output
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Observation
The biggest reason to have a Software Defined Radio is the flexibility it offers the user.
Filtering can easily be changed, depending on the needs Modes of operation can be changed to accommodate
new communications technologies All of these functions are controlled in Software, rather
than Hardware, making changes simpler (no new filters/hardware demodulators required- the code takes care of it)
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In this system different modulation methods have been studied, analog modulation methods and digital methods using MATLAB Simulink and System Generator platform.
We have designed the Graphical User Interface(GUI) for these analog modulation techniques .
Finally we have shown the hardware co-simulation of two demanding variants of PSK i.e. the BPSK Modulator and the QPSK Modulator for demonstration of modulator for SDR and other Wireless standards. in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using Xilinx System generator.
Conclusion
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To implement this design in the reconfigurable architecture ( FPGA ) for real time data communication.
Using this design a SDR system with antenna for transmission and reception of data can be made.
Plan for Future
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References 1. Tobias Becker, “Parametric Design for Reconfigurable Software
Defined Radio ”.2. Mitola J, The software radio architecture, communications magazine3. Software Defined Radio Forum, 2007 http://www.sdrforum.org4. P. B. Kenington “RF and Baseband Techniques for Software
Defined Radio”, 2005 :Artech House5. Pentek, “software Defined Radio Hand book”.6. Xinyu Xu, “Analysis and Implementation of Six Port Software defined Radio Receiver Platform” IEEE7. Ronan Farrell, “Software Defined Radio Demonstrators: An Example and Future trends”.8. Tuttlebee, “software defined radio Enabling technologies”, Wiley
Chichester (2002)9. A.A.Abidi, “The path to the software defined radio receiver”, solid state circuits, IEEE J, vol. 42, no. 5
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THANK YOU