design and integration of new lte frequency band in
TRANSCRIPT
DESIGN AND INTEGRATION OF NEW
LTE FREQUENCY BAND IN EXISTING
NODE
Martín Paz Salgado
Master’s Thesis presented to the
Telecommunications Engineering School
Master’s Degree in Telecommunications Engineering
Supervisors
Suevia Rodríguez Domínguez
Francisco Javier Díaz Otero
2020
i
Table of Contents
Table of Contents i
List of Tables ii
Abstract iii
Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 4
1.1 Mobile Communications History in Spain ............................... 4
1.2 Objectives ..................................................................................... 12
Chapter 2 Design and Integration of New LTE Band in an Existing
Node 14
2.1 Study of Current LTE Coverage in Target Area .................... 14
2.2 Design .......................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Operator requirements 16
2.2.2 Pre-Design and Visit to the node 18
2.2.3 Design File 20
2.2.4 Simulation of Radio Coverage and
Interference 23
2.2.5 PIM Simulation 32
2.2.6 Blueprint 36
2.3 Integration ................................................................................... 41
2.3.1 Integration Files 41
2.3.2 Integration Day 45
2.3.3 48 Hours KPIs 50
Chapter 3 Conclusion and Future Lines ..................................................... 55
Chapter 4 References ...................................................................................... 57
Annex 1: Xirio Propagation Models .................................................................. 58
Annex 2: Ericsson Licenses Features ................................................................. 60
Annex 3: Radio Equipment Interfaces .............................................................. 69
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List of Tables
Table 1: 2G Standards Characteristics 7
Table 2: GSM vs GPRS 8
Table 3: GSM vs GPRS vs UMTS 9
Table 4: Parameters of LTE Bands 11
Table 5: Input Parameters for PIM Simulation 33
Table 6: GSM License Features 1 60
Table 7: GSM License Features 2 61
Table 8: WCDMA License Features 1 61
Table 9: WCDMA License Features 2 63
Table 10: LTE License Features 63
Table 11: Power License Features 66
Table 12: Baseband License Features 67
iii
Abstract
This Master Thesis describes the design and integration process of a new LTE
band in an existing node. The part of election of the candidate by an operator
is defined, followed by the part of integration design, finally the integration
work to be carried out and the post integration process of the node are detailed.
4
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Mobile Communications History in
Spain
Mobile communications sector is constantly improving, in Figure 1 can be
observed how this fact were carried on in Spain since the appearance of the first
mobile terminals in 1980.
Figure 1: Technology Evolution in Mobile Communications
5
As is shown in Figure 1, different generations were defined:
• 1G [1] refers to the first wireless analog terminals distributed in 1980,
they could only transmit voice without data. Receivers used to add noise
and the power consumption of the devices was very high. No standard
was universalized, the most important ones were NMT (Nordhic Mobile
Telephone), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System) and TACS (Total
Access Communications System).
• The "2G generation" is not a specific standard, but rather marks the
transition from analog to digital telephone, which means, introduction
of series of protocols, improving call handling, more simultaneous links
in the same bandwidth and the integration of other additional services
to that of voice, among which stands out the Short Message Service or
SMS (Short Message Service). In this generation, we can talk about the
first universal standard, GSM [2] (Global System for Mobile). Currently,
is rare to find a country where there is no GSM system. Its main
characteristics are the following ones:
o The robustness (probability of not losing information from a
communication) is much higher than the first generation case. In
addition, it offers the possibility of transporting not only a voice
conversation, any type of digitized information is transported
too.
o It allows roaming, that is, all the GSM networks in the world
communicate between them in order to temporarily accept users
from other networks.
o It allows handover, which is to get all the BTS (Base Transmitter
Station) in a network to communicate with each other to transfer
6
calls without being cut off when the mobile phone is in
movement.
o It is a cellular network, which implies that to design it, the
territory is divided into cells or hexagonal cells, each with a
capacity to carry out calls. If the number of users of a cell grows,
it is possible to subdivide that cell into smaller ones simply by
installing more BTS within it.
o The power emitted by these antennas and mobile therminals
themselves within the cell are self-regulating, so that the signal
has the exact range and does not exceed the new smaller limits,
and thus does not interfere with calls from other cells. This allows
increasing the capacity of the network with very low costs.
o As a consequence of this power regulation that occurs in mobiles,
the battery lasts longer, since if the BTS is close, it emits less
energy to reach it.
o In Europe, it uses 2 frequencies 900 MHz (EGSM) and 1800 MHz
(DCS) using 2 chanels: uplink and downlink in FDMA/TDMA as
access mode, that is, each user is assigned a transmission
frequency slot or time slot within a bit frame; as well as frequency
diplexing (FDD). In this way, several users can share the same
frequency each in their time slot. This requires implementing
synchronization techniques on the network.
7
Table 1: 2G Standards Characteristics
System P-GSM 900 E-GSM 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900
Uplink Freq
Downlink Freq
890-915 MHz
935-960 MHz
880-915 MHz
925-960 MHz
1710-1785 MHz
1805-1880 MHz
1850-1910 MHz
1930-1990 MHz
Bandwidth 25 MHz 35 MHz 75 MHz 60 MHz
Carrier Separation 200 kHz 200 kHz 200 kHz 200 kHz
Radio Channels 125 175 375 300
Transmission Rate 270 kbps 270 kbps 270 kbps 270 kbps
• Given the lack of performance of 2G systems for data transmission (2.5
G), this evolution was made as an improvement of the same. Packet
switching (PS) is implemented for the first time, compared to circuit
switching (CS) used until then for the main service offered (voice). The
big advantage is that it can be deployed over existing 2G infrastructures,
making it less expensive than a new, more data-specific network. The
most famous standard is GPRS [3].
8
Table 2: GSM vs GPRS
Parameters GSM GPRS
Data Rates 14.4 Kbps 57.6 Kbps
Carrier Size 200 KHz 200 KHz
System Generation 2G 2.5G
Based System TDMA GSM
Users per Channel 8 8
Type of Connection Circuit-Switched
Technology
Packet-Switched
Technology
Frame Duration 4.615 ms 4.615 ms
Features SMS MMS
• With the development of internet services and the creation of
multimedia content, together with the global massification of the
internet, it was necessary to improve the speed of voice and data
transmission as well as QoS, with which 3G and its most famous UMTS
900/2100 [4] standard emerged in the year 2000. UMTS uses WCDMA
(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) this fact allows different
users who are transmitting a signal at the same time to use the same
frequency. The most relevant features of this generation over 2G are
outlined below.
o It allows asymmetric traffic support on uplink (UL - uplink) and
downlink (DL -downlink).
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o Maximum transmission speed grows to 384 Kps.
o Robustness of the system, security increases.
o It can be done a handover between both technologies (EGSM and
UMTS), improving the load balancing and coverage footprint.
o BTS are named NodeB in 3G systems.
o It can be multiplexed different quality services (voice and video)
in the same connection.
o Carrier size increases to 5MHz.
Table 3: GSM vs GPRS vs UMTS
Parameters GSM GPRS UMTS
Data Rates 14.4 Kbps 57.6 Kbps 2 Mbps
Carrier Size 200 KHz 200 KHz 5 MHz
System Generation 2G 2.5G 3G
Based System TDMA GSM GSM, GPRS
Users per Channel 8 8 -
Type of Connection Circuit-Switched
Technology
Packet-Switched
Technology
Both Circuit,
Packed-Switched
Technology
Frame Duration 4.615 ms 4.615 ms 10 ms
Features SMS MMS Video Calls and TV
applications
10
Later on, HSDPA/HSUPA and HSPA+ [5] protocols were released with
the following objectives: to get better data rates and to improve QoS as
well as the spectral efficiency. HSPA+ introduces the possibility to make
an “all IP” architecture, it is the definitive step to the 4G.
• With the development of technology in user terminals and the
continuous access to mobile data networks and high-bandwidth
multimedia applications has led to the implementation of 4G systems.
As a result, LTE [6] standard (Long Term Evolution) was defined.
LTE does not meet all targets set for 4G in order to QoS and data rate, so
few years later the standard LTE-Advanced appears to achieve these
objectives. It is characterized by using a radio interface based on
OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), with
variable carrier bandwidths (1.4MHz-20MHz) in downlink and SC-
FDMA (Single Carrier FDMA) in uplink. This modulation allows the
implementation of the different antenna technologies, known as multi-
antenna techniques or MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) in a
heterogeneous network where compatibility with UMTS / HSPA
networks will already be feasible, improving up to four times the data
transmission efficiency.
LTE network works over IP (All IP), this fact drives the simplification of
the system: The RNC (Radio Network Controller) that in 3G is in charge
of radio resource management (RRM) and part of the mobility
management (MM) of the NodeBs that connect to it, is eliminated in LTE
where these functions are integrated into the new eNodeB (evolved
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NodeB) that can be interconnected with each other ,if they are in the
same area, through the new X2 Interface.
This generation gives a better performance than 3G in different features:
o Maximum peak transmission speed in DL grows to 1Gbps
(actually, with high mobility, a data rate between 100 and 300
Mbps is obtained).
o Bandwidth varies between 5MHz to 20 MHz. It depends on the
frequency band that is used, LTE has four of them in: 800 MHz,
1800 MHz, 2100 MHz and 2600MHz.
o MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) antennas are used
increasing network’s capacity.
Table 4: Parameters of LTE Bands
Frequency
(MHz)
800 1800 2100 2600
Bandwidth
(MHz)
10 20 10 20
DL Freq
(MHz)
791-821 1805-1880 2110-2170 2620-2690
UL Freq
(MHz)
832-862 1710-1785 1920-1980 2500-2570
MIMO 2x2 or 2x4 2x2 or 4x4 2x2 or 4x4 2x2 or 4x4
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1.2 Objectives
The main objective in this Master Thesis is to expose the integration process of
a new LTE band in an existing NodeB. For this, a RAN Sharing work has been
selected. This work consists of sharing with another Operator 2 the radiant
system, as well as the node, giving service to the Operator 2 from the active
equipment of the Operator 1 maintaining the core of each operator's network
separately.
The project is divided into the following milestones, which will be explained in
detail in the main part of the report.
• Need for 4G coverage of the operators involved: Usually certain villages
in the target area of the operators do not have a good 4G coverage. To
deal with this problem, Operator 1 searches for its own existing nodes
(candidates) that are close to this area to cover it. If Operator 1 does not
find a good candidate, and if Operator 2 has nodes of its own that can
solve this problem, they will enter the project as crossed nodes
(management of nodes transferred by Operator 2 to Operator 1 working
as RAN Sharing).
• Design: First, Operator 1 gives a file that contents the hardware that
were approved by them, with this information, blueprints of the BTS
and using different Operator’s 1 tools to view antenna’s tilt as well as
13
extra hardware information. Knowing this, a guide is prepared with
which the technician who is going to visit the site must take into account.
Subsequently, with the information collected by the technician and the
objectives set, the hardware components with which the equipment
swap is to be performed and their parameters are selected, to perform a
simulation of coverage and interference as well as PIM (Passive Inter
Modulation). If the prepared report is approved by the operator, the
necessary material is requested and the location information is updated
by its managers.
• Integration: In this part, another company usually does the integration
work, remotely Arca operations team is in charge of loading the
necessary software resources for the correct operation of the node. The
design team generates a file with the parameters to be taken into account
at the time of integration by the operations team. After integration, the
KPIs will be monitored, corroborating the correct operation of the
station.
For confidentiality reasons, all BTS data, parameters, statistics, operators, etc.
that are explained in this Master Thesis, are generic.
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Chapter 2 Design and Integration of
New LTE Band in an Existing Node
The presentation of the content of this section, follows the distribution of the
tasks described in the objectives section of this report: Study of current LTE
coverage in a target area and candidate choice, design phase and integration
phase.
2.1 Study of Current LTE Coverage in
Target Area
First, the operator detects lack of LTE coverage in a certain area, either due to
customer complaints or previous studies that were carried out, once the lack of
coverage is detected, it begins to search for nearby nodes (Candidates) that
implementing in They new LTE bands or simply updating the radio equipment
(swap) to cover the demanded area. If the operator does not have nearby nodes,
and another operator has a node to help achieve the stated objective, he will
negotiate with him to request the sharing of the site or the Radiant System and
radio equipment (Ran Sharing). If the selected node is owned by Operator 2
and gives it up for Operator 1 to make Ran Sharing with their equipment, it is
15
called crossed node and, in turn, the area is called the sharing area, so coverage
will have to be evaluated of both operators in the design phase.
In the area shown in the image which is in a sharing zone, it has been observed
that population areas and roads are not covered with LTE. Observing the
operator stations near the coverage target, it is observed that there are two BTS
radiating 2G and 3G in coverage-oriented low bands. Therefore, two possible
candidates for integration are obtained. Operator 2 has enough coverage in this
area, but he wants to improve it, both operators make a deal to share the
selected candites to do Ran Sharing. Once both candidates have been selected,
the Operator 1 makes a feasibility study. When the candidates are approved,
the design phase begins.
Figure 2: Target Area and Candidates Inside it
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2.2 Design
2.2.1Operator requirements
At the beginning of this phase, Operator 1 generates a file with the hardware
requirements that must be integrated in addition to the frequency bands to be
integrated and those that are already radiating. The file contains more
parameters to consider such as operator codes and information related to the
location.
Figure 3: Hardware Requirements of Node 1 and Node 2
The parameters in the figure correspond to the two nodes selected in the
previous section, it is observed that both nodes are radiating GSM 900 MHz
and UMTS 900 MHz. Candidate 1 has an associated operator Node 2, so it must
be done a swap to operator Node 1 taking into account the initial configuration
of the current node. In addition, the proposed radio equipment is specified:
• RU (Radio Unit): It is a remote radio transceiver that contains the base
station's RF circuitry plus analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog converters
and up/down converters.
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Currently in the majority of nodes that have not been recently rethought,
they have individualized RUs for each frequency band, the current
objective is to swap these devices with other new multitechnology
equipment capable of emitting in several different bands. In this case,
the RRU 2479 B8 / B20 / 700 manufactured by Ericsson is proposed,
capable of generating carriers in three different bands: B8 (GU900), B20
(L800) and 700 MHz, which is expected to be one of the new bands for
5G that are used after the new digital dividend. Using this equipment,
costs are reduced and tower loading is improved as well as spectral
efficiency.
• BBU (Baseband Unit): It is a device that transports a baseband
frequency without modulation from a remote radio unit to which it may
be tied through optical fiber. These BBUs replace the old DU (Digital
Unit): DUG for GSM, DUW for UMTS and DUS for LTE. Their function
is the same, but with the new BBs, several technologies can be integrated
in the same team, they have more capacity and better throughput. The
Basebands that are currently being integrated are the BB5216 that
supports 2G 3G 4G and the BB6630 that supports the same technologies
in addition to 5G and has a greater capacity and number of available
ports, both manufactured by Ericsson.
• SSRR Target: It refers to the distribution of low and high frequency
arrays that the antennas of the site must have, each array is made up of
two physical connectors L means low bands and H high bands. A 2L2H
target is chosen to be able to use MIMO 2T4R (two mouths transmitting,
four mouths receiving) in the L800 band and 2T2R in the GU900, the two
high frequency matrices, are reserved for a possible later integration of
high bands capacity oriented to be integrated with MIMO 4T4R.
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2.2.2Pre-Design and Visit to the node
Before the visit to the node site by the infrastructure team, it is necessary
to do a remotely access to the node using the manager enabled by the
operator and consult the blueprints of the node to verify the hardware
equipment of the node, as well as its main parameters: orientation
mechanic and electric inclination of the antennas, as well as the power
with which the RUs are currently transmitting the different frequency
bands. With this information and analyzing the operator's requirements
to define what is necessary to change at the node, a report called pre-
design is prepared, in which the technician in charge of the visit is
guided to make the appropriate measurements and verify the status of
the radio equipment.
Figure 4: Current Radio Equipment and Configuration of Node 1
19
Having a look to the scheme of the radiating system of the selected node
and applying the operator's guidelines, the following actions are defined
in the pre-design:
• The orientation of the antennas is 140º and 270º. So there are two
sectors, since the work is of the equipment swap type, these
azimuths are maintained. The MT of the antennas is 0º and the ET
is 6º for sector 1 and 7º for sector 2.
• The K80010309 antennas must be changed, they only have one
low band array (1L), the number of arrays required is two low
band arrays and 2 high bands (2L2H). The proposed antenna
model is a larger CCCxxxR25 antenna, it is necessary to carry out
a study of loads during the visit.
• Different passives are observed in the SSRR: TMAs (Tower
Mounted Ampliffier), arresters and splitters. The SSRR should be
kept as clean as possible so they should be uninstalled if possible.
• If the remote node manager is accessed, the existing RU model
(RRUS01 B8) and its DU (DUW 20 01) are obtained. It is necessary
to change both as described in section 2.2.1 (swaping) for new
multi-technology equipment, respectively RRU 2479 B8 / B20 /
700 and BB 6630 to integrate the L800 band.
20
Figure 5: Current DU and RU in Node 1
• Finally, it must be verified if the antennas have RET (Remote
Electrical Tilt) control, that is, if their electrical inclination can be
remotely controlled by the remote operator's manager. If this is
the case, it must be verified that the tilt obtained matches the one
that appears in the SSRR, if not, what the remote manager
indicates prevails. The antennas of the node under study do not
have RET control.
In addition, during the visit it is necessary to verify the connection of the
electrical network and its energy equipment, it is also reviewed how
loaded the tower is, since it can lead to restrictions regarding the
situation of new equipment and the size of antennas. Finally, the length
of the new SSRR cabling is estimated.
2.2.3Design File
After visiting the site, Radio and Infrastructure teams jointly prepare the
design proposal presented to Operator 1. The restrictions seen at the
node are taken into account in case it is necessary to change the antenna
21
model for one of Smaller size, limitations in terms of available space in
the cabinet where the BBUs are located, and other power and ethernet
transmission equipment.
The design file has the following fields:
• TRX number (G900) or carriers
• Final technologies: technologies that will radiate upon
completion of integration.
• Number of connectors used for transmission and reception, that
is, the MIMO type.
• Radiation power.
Figure 6: Final Power/MIMO/Carriers Configuration of Node 1
• Summary of adjustments at hardware level and SSRR: what is
necessary to disassemble, replace and install. The work to be done
on the node is:
o Disassembly of RBS6601, DUs and old SIU in charge of
alarm management, in the outdoor cabinet. It is also
necessary to remove the RRU01 B8 and remove the RF
wiring corresponding to these uninstalls.
o Install two new BB6630 (one is reserved for future new
technologies), must be powered from circuit breakers in
DC-BOX as well as connect the new alarm management in
it.
22
o Replace Operator 1 and 2 antennas with two new
CCCxxxR25 antennas at the top of the tower, it is necessary
to make a Hot Swap, that is, make a cut in the service of
both operators at the time of integration, in turn the two
are installed new RRUs 2479 B8 / B20 / 700 with new power
cables to the DC-BOX, as well as wiring with new fiber
optics to BB6630 and with new coaxial cables to the
mouths of the antenna. The new antennas have internal
RET, their management is configured through the L800
band in the new RRUs.
Figure 7: Current Node 1 Radio Equipment Distribution
23
Figure 8: Final Node 1 Radio Equipment Distribution
• Finally, a table with the sectorization and its parameters is
attached.
Figure 9: Final Node 1 Sectorization
2.2.4Simulation of Radio Coverage and
Interference
Once the design file is closed, a radio coverage and interference
comparison is made between the current state of the designed nodes and
24
their state after applying the work described above. This simulation is
carried out using the Xirio Online tool approved by Operator 1 to define
ET and MT as well as orientations of the node sectors.
The tool has an inventory where previously the studies of the current
state of the network of Operator 1 have been saved, as well as the studies
corresponding to Operator 2 but with restrictions (only data related to
the location and directions of the sectors are provided, the others
parameters are generic). Using these coverages, a multi-coverage study
is created by technology of each operator, that is, all the coverages
(sectors of each node) grouped by bands and operator are taken to be
simulated together.
Before simulating the current state of the project, it is verified that the
parameters of the individual coverage correspond to what was observed
in the visit to the node and in the manager's queries, as reflected in the
design file, updating parameters if it would be necessary. In the Figure
10 it can be seen an example of the input file of a 2G coverage studio.
Figure 10: Input File of a 2G Coverage Studio in Xirio
Main common parameters for the studios of all technologies:
Transmission Power, Antenna model, Antenna height, Azimuth,
ET/MT, MIMO type, Feeder losses and traffic loading.
There exists specific parameters for each technology too:
25
• In 2G, the DL frequency of the BCCH (Broadcast Control
Channel) channel is the essential parameter to take into account
for a correct simulation of interference in the area. Defines the
control channel within the GSM frame that contains the main
frequency of the cell, that is, none of the neighbors close to the cell
should use that same frequency or, if possible, the adjacent ones,
to avoid co-channel and channel interference adjacent. It takes
seventeen different values with 200 kHz of bandwidth.
• On the other hand, 3G and 4G have fixed frequency in the
downlink channel regarded to the frequency band that is used.
Furthermore, 4G uses the PCI [7] (Physical Cell Identifier) as the
identity of the LTE cell. As in 2G with the BCCH channel, cells
with the same PCI can cause interference, so it is important to
ensure that there are not three cells with the same PCI in a large
area (for 25 km2). The eNodeB can select the PCI from a list of
possible identity values. There are 504 single physical layer cell
identities, grouped into 168 groups of three identities in LTE. The
primary sync sequence (PSS [0-2]) and the secondary sync
sequence (SSS [0-167]) in a given cell are used to indicate the PCI
to the UE.
PCI=3*PSS+SSS
After loading all the coverage studies necessary to perform the multi-
coverage simulation, the calculation method that will be used to obtain
the results must be specified as well as the morphographic layer. Xirio
uses a series of basic or standard propagation models (see Annex 1),
generally promoted by international recommendations, to which is
added the possibility of configuring certain parameters for a more
26
precise adjustment due to specific planning circumstances specified by
the operator. In this project two calculation methods are differentiated:
urban and rural. In this case, the simulation was launched as a rural area,
obtaining the following coverage and interference footprint in the
current state of the L800 network.
Figure 11: Current Coverage Simulation
27
Figure 12: Current Interferce Simulation
Thresholds for LTE were specified by operator 1.
The next step is to create new multi-coverage studies from the current
state, modifying its coverage studies with the parameters specified in
the design file. When applying the changes to Node 1 and Node 2, the
simulator returns the coverage and interference traces seen in the
following images.
28
Figure 13: Final Coverage Simulation
29
Figure 14: Final Interference Simulation
30
Figure 15: Current Coverage Simulation vs Final Coverage
Simulation
Figure 16: Current Interference Simulation vs Final Interference
Simulation
31
It can be seen that the coverage footprint improves while the interference
footprint remains practically unchanged in areas that already had LTE
coverage. At this moment, if the network deployment objectives are not
met, it is time to modify the tilts or orientations proposed in the design
in order to improve the results obtained.
Another option available to Xirio is the generation of coverage and
interference statistics by population and area with respect to the
thresholds previously defined in their respective radioelectric footprints
simulations. This allows a detailed analysis of the signal reaching the
areas of interest in the target area.
Figure 17: Coverage Statistics Export from Xirio
Figure 18: Interference Statistics Export from Xirio
Using this information and the radioelectric coverage footprints, a
report is generated for Operator 1 with all the technologies object of
simulation, attaching a summary table to observe the future state of the
area's network with respect to the current state. The same process must
be done for Operator 2 coverages.
32
Figure 19: Comparison Table of Currrent and Final State Statistics
2.2.5 PIM Simulation
Parallel to the Xirio simulation, the PIM [8](Passive Intermodulation)
simulation of the system is performed. PIM is a form of intermodulation
distortion that can occur when no active components are present. It
arises from the action of passive components or elements that have non-
linear responses to any signal. It can be generated by a variety of
components and objects: everything from coaxial connectors to cables,
even rusted bolts or any joint where dissimilar metals meet. Even some
normally "linear" components can generate PIMs.
PIM can create interference that will reduce the reception sensitivity of
a cell or even block calls. This interference can affect both the cell that
creates it, as well as other nearby receivers. It is critical to identify the
elements of the SSRR and nearby metallic elements that can carry PIM.
The PIM is created by a high power transmitter, so the simulation must
be done with 100% load to deal with the worst case.
33
The simulation is processed in an excel macro supported by Operator 1,
to use it correctly it is necessary to analyze the consolidated state of the
SSRR of the station of interest. If the components that make up it are
new, there should be no PIM problem, but if some components are
reused, their deterioration could be critical in this regard. In the case of
Node 1, its entire radiant system gets new, with no passives in your
SSRR, just the antennas and cables. Both elements generate very low IM
products in tests of 2 carriers at 20 W each, -153 dBc and -170 dBc, so the
value of the antenna is taken as limiting for the simulation.
It is necessary to perform a simulation by mouth of the used antenna, in
Node 1 case, the idea is to radiate GU900 + L800 for both operators. The
distribution at the mouth of the antennas and RRUs will be:
Table 5: Input Parameters for PIM Simulation
Technology G900 U900 L800
Power (dBm) 40 46 43
Configuration 1T2R 1T2R 2T4R
Threshold
(dBm/RBW)
-104 -100 -114
RBW (MHz) 0.2 MHz 5MHz 0.2MHz
In addition, it is necessary to differentiate the frequencies used by each
operator in the frequency bands. The central frequencies of the downlink
channels for both operators in U900 and L800 and BCCH in G900 are
considered to perform the simulation.
34
The process followed to carry out the G900 simulation is detailed, in the
rest of the technologies the same process is followed, it is simply
necessary to establish a threshold and an adequate resolution
bandwidth to differentiate the carriers of each technology.
The input parameters of the PIM simulator are colored blue in the table,
it is observed that the power differs from that specified previously in
G900 and U900 of Operator 2, this is due to the fact that the operators
use different arrays to transmit these technologies, Therefore, it is
considered that one operator is the one that transmits while the other
interferes at the rate of the configured power minus the cross polar
isolation between arrays that the antenna has -26 dB in this case.
Figure 20: Table of PIM Simulation GSM 900 Operator 1
Figure 21: PIM Simulation Result GSM 900 Operator 1
35
Figure 22: Table of PIM Simulation GSM 900 Operator 2
Figure 23: PIM Simulation Result GSM 900 Operator 2
In the result obtained we can see that the PIM received in all bands is of
a low value, we can see in the graphs of the simulation of both operators
how the power spectral density of PIM in the area of the spectrum in
which the Uplink bands of the technologies is relatively low compared
to the established threshold. It is only compared with the uplink channel
since the power spectral density of the downlink channel will always be
much higher than the PIM generated, so it will not generate problems in
that band.
36
2.2.6 Blueprint
The last task of the design part consists of updating the station blueprint
with the work to be carried out described in the design file, as well as
the correct location of the hardware components to be installed with the
wiring and their dimensions together with a table with the main
parameters of the sectorization of technologies. Operator 1 needs to
validate the files and simulations described above to be able to perform
this process. It should be noted that an operator demand is to place the
new RRUs close to the antennas, so if there is no adequate support to
locate them, it is necessary to add a mechanical tilt kit, whose second
function is to hold the RRU behind the antenna . In this way, losses due
to signal transmission in coaxial cable are avoided since the FO losses
are lower, as well as not requiring additional passive elements such as
TMAs or arresters.
37
Figure 24: Above View of the BTS with Uninstalled Components
38
Figure 25: Front View of the BTS with Uninstalled Components
39
Figure 26: Front View of the BTS with New Components
Figure 27: Front View of Outdoor Equipment and Components to
be Uninstalled
40
Figure 28: New Radio Equipment View
Figure 29: New Sectorization Detailled in the Blueprint
41
2.3 Integration
Months after closing the design tasks, the operator gives an integration order
on the node, so a date is established to carry out the work. Before that day, it is
necessary to prepare a series of files that are described in the following sections.
2.3.1 Integration Files
Prior to the integration, a network export of the node should be carried
out, similar to the one carried out in the pre-design phase to check its
current status, especially the existing alarms, configured power and
antenna tilts.
Using this information, a report is prepared for the operations group
with everything they need to take into account to achieve a correct
integration. This report is made up of different sections, such as the work
to be performed to replace equipment, as well as the initial configuration
of node technologies and those that must be implemented after the
integration. Also, the contribution of the different passives is specified
in terms of losses and delay, TMAs usually add 0.3dB of losses and a
delay of 0.3 ns to the signal for example.
In parallel, an integration template is developed that the operations
team will follow to make the necessary remote configurations on the
node. Consists:
• Band to integrate, name of the eNodeB and site
42
• Cabinet model
• DU Model
• RRU Model
• EnodeBId: code that identifies the LTE node, the first two digits
identify the province and the next four the node.
• RRU port: port where the FO will be located in the RRU for its
communication with the BBU.
• Transmission ports: number of ports of the RRU to be used as
transmitters.
• Configured power
• Mixed Mode: parameter that must be activated if the RRU is
going to be used in more technologies other than the new one.
43
• Eutrancell FDD Id: name of the cells to integrate.
• TAC: It is the unique code that each operator assigns to each of
their TAs (Tracking Area: a group of neighbor eNBs in a located
zone).
• Euarfcndl: it stands for E-UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency
Channel Number that is the carrier frequency in downlink.
• CellId: LTE cell identifier, it is different for each band.
• Physical Layer Cell Id group: PSS for PCI calculation.
• Physical Layer Sub Cell Id: SSS for PCI calculation.
• RACH Root sequence [9]: Random Access Channel is a LTE
uplink transport channel responsible for sending connection
request information. It is executed in the initial access of a UE to
the network, although it can also occur in an RRC (Connection re-
establishment) due to a failure in the radio access or in case of
handover for example. RootSequence, refers to the identifier of
the first root sequence of the RACH channel, it depends on the
radius of the cell to be considered, Ericsson considers a cell radius
44
of 15 km, using 10 root sequences per cell, although Operator 1
reserves 15 sequences per cell. The standard defines 838
sequences from 0 to 837.
• Channel Bandwidth
Figure 30: Integration Template
When radio equipment is changed and for integrating the new
frequency band, it is necessary to request a license from Ericsson to
activate a series of features in the node for its correct operation. The data
fields are described in Annex 2.
45
2.3.2 Integration Day
At the time of changing the equipment, the technicians perform the
work in Hot Swap, coordinating with the operations team to make the
remotely programmed configurations. Once the integration is complete,
the radio equipment is in charge of verifying that all the necessary
configurations have been carried out correctly, for this the Integration
Review Template is covered, which consists of verifying the segments
that can be seen in the Figure 31 and they are explained below.
Figure 31: Integration Review Template
To verify if the LTE frequencies have been defined correctly, it is
necessary to make sure that each cell of the node has a reselection to that
frequency, this allows the mobile terminals to detect the frequencies of
the area and in this way the device measures in said frequencies and If
it detects a better signal level and quality, it goes to another carrier, in
the Figure 32, the example for the L800 cells is shown.
46
Figure 32: LTE Reselection Frequencies in Node 1
The KPIs (Key Performance Indicator) of all the node's technologies are
analyzed. They are metrics that are used to quantify the results of a
certain action or strategy based on predetermined objectives; that is,
indicators that allow measuring the success of the actions taken in
integration. For an integration to be considered correct for the operator
and to be approve, it must be analyzed once it has been completed by
means of a series of KPIs previously agreed with the operator and these
must show values equal to or better than before the integration into
existing technologies. in addition to exceeding certain thresholds in the
new technology that has been integrated into the node. They will be
analyzed in detail in the following section.
The operator has a file called Baseline in which it establishes the
reference parameters that the node must have and the status of the
features that apply to the integration must be reviewed. In LTE 800 MHz
band, the license features observed in the Figure 33 should be reviewed.
47
Figure 33: License Features to be Reviewed
It is verified that the tac defined in the integration template has been
configured correctly. The same is done with the RET control and the
power configured in the RRU.
Figure 34: TAC, RET and Power Configuration set in Node 1
48
The neighbors relations must be verified, the 4G-4G relations of the node
itself are defined, all sectors are created among themselves, they cannot
be deleted as they are considered fundamental for the site. The rest of
the neighbors are created by the ANR (Automatic Neighbor Relation),
this program needs to have defined the frequencies of 4G, 3G and 2G of
the area (normally 4G L800 L1800 L2600 L2100, 3G U900 U2100 and 2G
G900) with this the program it measures what each sector sees by
creating the neighbors itself and deleting them if they are not necessary.
Figure 35: 2G, 3G and 4G Neighbors of Node1
To check if there are crossed sectors, the field technicians must carry out
a call test at the end of the integration and verify that at all times the
terminal connects to the cells defined correctly. Also they must verify
that the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) in each sector is below
- 114 dBm in LTE cells, which is the established threshold that is
considered as interference free.
49
Figure 36: Call Test Report
Finally, it is verified that the RRUs have the diversification configured
correctly, that is, the RRUs transmit and receive through the ports they
should. In the case of L800 with MIMO 2T4R, they must transmit
through two ports and receive through all of them.
Figure 37: RRU Configuration in Node 1
50
2.3.3 48 Hours KPIs
When it is determined that the parameterization of the integrated node
is correct with the verification of the ABKI, the next step is to verify that
the new technology meets the thresholds established for the KPIs of
interest, for this it is necessary to perform an average of its KPIs during
the 48 hours after integration, and check that they meet the thresholds
agreed with the operator. Each KPI is formed from the aggregation of
several counters specified by the operator that are obtained from
databases where the operator places the data of its nodes.
Figure 38: KPIs 48 Hours File
51
• DCR (Drop Call Rate): It is the fraction of the telephone calls which,
due to technical reasons, were cut off before the speaking parties had
finished their conversational speech and before one of them had
hung up.
• CSSR (Call Setup Success Rate): It refers to the fraction of the attempts
to make a call that result in a connection with other terminal.
• Iniciated Calls.
• DownlinkTrafficVolume: Amount of traffic handled in the DL
channel
• UplinkTrafficVolume: Amount of traffic handled in the UL channel
• RSSI.
• Availibility Hourly: Percentage of time the cell has been available
during a day.
• MIMO Rank 2 Usage: 2T2R MIMO Usage Percentage
• MIMO Rank 4 Usage: 4T4R or 2T4R MIMO Usage Percentage
• CSFB (Call Setup Fall Back) WCDMA: CSFB is made from 4G to
3G, when a terminal does not have the option to make the call
through IP, so it is redirected to 3G.
• Hodover Attemps over X2: Handover success rate carried out by X2
interface.
• Carrier Agregation: It is a method to increase the data rate per user,
where a group of frequency blocks are assigned to the same user. The
maximum possible data rate per user is increased the more frequency
blocks are assigned to a user. The sum data rate of a cell is increased
as well because of a better resource utilization. In addition, load
balancing is possible with carrier aggregation. Obviously, CA can
only be implemented when there are several LTE bands on the node.
52
When this file is delivered to Operator 1, seeing that all the KPIs meet
the thresholds previously established, the node goes to the Optimization
Department, where the node's optimization stage will be carried out in
order to meet more restrictive thresholds than those set have been
discussed and their parameterization will be reviewed in greater detail.
However, to finalize the integration phase, it is necessary to carry out a
daily monitoring of the node's KPIs until B2R (Build to Run) passes,
which is the stage that Operator 1 certifies that the node is free of errors
at the end of a week after carrying out the integration work.
Figure 39: LTE KPIs of Node 1 during B2R Waiting
53
Figure 40: GSM KPIs of Node 1 during B2R Waiting.
Figure 41: UMTS KPIs of Node 1 during B2R Waiting
54
55
Chapter 3 Conclusion and Future Lines
To finish this work, a general reflection is made on the project and the results
obtained with it, and the guidelines that are considered necessary in order to
improve them are explained below.
The objectives set by this project have been fully achieved, fully complying with
the KPIs values for the LTE 800 band demanded by the Operator, in addition
to performing an adequate parameterization of the node for the integration
phase, also in the design phase, an adequate internal PIM response as well as a
very satisfactory radioelectric coverage and interference footprint have been
obtained in simulation for both operators involved in the project.
As future lines, the treatment of the node in the Optimization Department
stands out, which will greatly improve the benefits defined in the design phase
by optimizing the node with even stricter KPI values. Also, if deemed
necessary, a project would be approved for the integration of new LTE bands
of higher capacity than LTE800, such as the LTE 1800 MHz band widely used
in rural environments, such as the one described in this Master Thesis. Even
looking further to the future, the installed radio equipment is compatible with
the low frequency band in which 5G is expected to be located after the second
digital dividend (700 MHz band), which implies that this node is already
prepared for a possible deployment. in that band.
56
57
Chapter 4 References
[1] http://www.pitt.edu/~dtipper/2720/2720_Slides5.pdf
[2] https://www.elprocus.com/gsm-architecture-features-working/
[3] https://www.tutorialspoint.com/gprs/gprs_overview.htm
[4]https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_4t/mw_ggsn/configuration/guide/g
gsnover.html
[5] https://commsbrief.com/data-speeds-with-gprs-edge-umts-hspa-hspa-4g-and-4g/
[6]https://web.archive.org/web/20100801122658/http://www.ericsson.com/res/docs/w
hitepapers/lte_overview.pdf
[7] https://www.rfwireless-world.com/calculators/LTE-PCI-calculator-from-PSS-and-
SSS.html
[8] https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/radio/passive-intermodulation-
pim/what-is-pim-basics-
primer.php#:~:text=Passive%20intermodulation%20occurs%20when%20two,related
%20to%20the%20first%20ones.
[9] https://www.sharetechnote.com/html/RACH_LTE.html
[10] https://www.xirio-online.com/help/es/compute_method.htm
[11] Ericsson RRU 2479 B8/B20/B28B datasheet
[12] Ericsson BBU 6630 datasheet
[13] Antenna CCCxxxR25 datasheet
58
Annex 1: Xirio Propagation Models
The basic propagation methods are as follows [10]:
• Rec. ITU-R P.526. Deterministic method based on diffraction. Valid for
frequencies greater than 30 MHz. Used in all radioelectric services in rural and
mixed environments as long as medium or high resolution cartography is
available.
• Deygout. Deterministic method based on diffraction. Valid for frequencies
greater than 30 MHz. Used in all radioelectric services in rural and mixed
environments as long as medium or high resolution cartography is available.
• Line of sight. A calculation method that provides prediction of the signal level
only under path clearance conditions, applying free space attenuation.
• Rec. ITU-R P.1546. Empirical method for the frequency range from 30 MHz
to 1 GHz. Valid in rural environments for any radio service, but especially
recommended for sound and audiovisual broadcasting when precise mapping
is not available or at distances greater than 100 km.
• Okumura-Hata. Empirical method valid in the range 150 MHz to 2 GHz.
Recommended for mobile and broadband access services in rural and urban
environments when high resolution cartography is not available.
• Okumura-Hata modulated. Hybrid method valid in the range 150 MHz to 2
GHz. Based on the Okumura-Hata method, it performs a correction for
diffraction losses, taking advantage of high-resolution cartography in urban
environments.
59
• Xia-Bertoni. Deterministic method valid in the 800 MHz to 2 GHz frequency
range. Recommended for urban environments in mobile services and
broadband access. Requires urban mapping with building information.
• Rec. ITU-R P.1411. Deterministic method valid in the 800 MHz to 5 GHz
frequency range. Recommended for urban environments in mobile services
and broadband access. Requires urban mapping with building information.
• COST 231. Deterministic method valid in the 800 MHz to 2 GHz frequency
range. Recommended for urban environments in mobile services and
broadband access. Requires urban mapping with building information.
• Stanford University Interim. Empirical method valid for frequencies below
11 GHz. Recommended for mobile services and broadband access (especially
WiMAX) when urban mapping with buildings is not available.
• Rec. ITU-R P.1812. Deterministic method valid in the 30 MHz to 3 GHz
frequency range. Used in rural and mixed environments for all radio services,
and especially broadcasting, provided medium or high resolution cartography
is available.
• Rec. ITU-R P.452. Deterministic calculation method valid in the frequency
range from 700 MHz to 50 GHz. Especially recommended for the calculation of
interference in radio links in the fixed service.
• Rec. ITU-R P.530. Deterministic calculation method valid for frequencies
greater than 30 MHz. It incorporates the feasibility analysis of digital radio
links of the fixed service.
• Surface curves. Surface wave propagation calculation method. Valid for
frequencies below 30 MHz. It is recommended to use morphographic mapping
of ground conductivities.
60
• Indoor method. Empirical 2.5D calculation method for indoor propagation
prediction. Compatible with indoor-outdoor, outdoor-indoor propagation
scenarios and between different plants.
• Rec. ITU-R P.528. Valid empirical calculation method in the frequency range
125 MHz - 15.5 GHz. Recommended for aeronautical mobile and aeronautical
radionavigation services using VHF, UHF and centimeter wave bands.
• Rec. ITU-R P.1147. An empirical prediction method for the frequency range
approximately 150 to 1700 kHz, for path lengths between 50 and 12000 km.
• Rec. ITU-R P.533. Empirical method for predicting available frequencies,
signal levels and predicted reliability for HF analog and digital modulation
systems.
Annex 2: Ericsson Licenses Features
It is necessary to fill in the license request file with the following features
values:
• For GSM:
Table 6: GSM License Features 1
Description FAL/FAJ Number Value
FUNCTION/GSM RAN Baseband G20.Q1, CC Feature Code Unit value
GSM RAN Baseband, Prepaid Feature Code Unit value
GSM RAN Base Package Baseband Feature Code Unit value
Mixed Mode Radio Node GSM Baseband Feature Code Number of TRX
Energy Efficiency GSM RAN Baseband Feature Code Number of TRX
Baseband IP Efficiency GSM RAN Feature Code Number of TRX
Baseband IPSec GSM RAN Feature Code Number of TRX
61
Table 7: GSM License Features 2
VP Functionality
Name Description VP FAL/FAJ comments
GSM GSM Cell Carrier
(TRX) ERS
Feature Code GSM TRX in Node
Emergency
UNLOCK
RESET GSM
Baseband
GSM RAN
Emergency State
Reset Baseband
Feature Code
as 1 if it will be
necessary
EMERGENCY
UNLOCK RESET
Feature Code as 1 if it will be
necessary
• For WCDMA:
Table 8: WCDMA License Features 1
Description FAJ/FAL Number Value
W20.Q1 Base package RBS Commercial Feature Code 1
WCDMA RAN Prepaid Feature Code 1
RBS Channel Elements Uplink Feature Code N/A
RBS Channel Elements Downlink Feature Code N/A
Number of HSDPA users Feature Code 128
Number of HSDPA codes Feature Code 96
Number of EUL users Feature Code 96
Enhanced Voice Retainability Feature Code Number of cells
HD Voice Feature Code Number of cells
Shared Network Feature Code Number of cells
Traffic Management Heterogeneous Networks Feature Code Number of cells
Traffic Management WiFi Feature Code Number of cells
Traffic Management WCDMA-LTE Feature Code Number of cells
62
Traffic Management Advanced WCDMA-LTE Feature Code Number of cells
CS Fallback Feature Code Number of cells
Mobile Broadband Feature Code Number of cells
Uplink Efficiency Feature Code Number of cells
MIMO Feature Code Number of cells
Mobile Broadband Dual Carrier Feature Code Number of cells
Large RBS Configurations Feature Code Number of cells
Smartphone Efficiency Feature Code Number of cells
Smartphone Efficiency Advanced Feature Code Number of cells
Smartphone Overhead Reduction Feature Code Number of cells
High Capacity Events Feature Code Number of cells
Channel Element Capacity Feature Code Number of cells
ANR Feature Code Number of cells
Minimize Drive Test Feature Code Number of cells
Public Warning Feature Code Number of cells
Differentiated Mobile Broadband Feature Code Number of cells
TN Frequency Synchronization Feature Code Number of cells
TN Performance Feature Code Number of cells
Extended range Feature Code Number of cells
Mixed Mode Radio WCDMA RAN Feature Code Number of cells
4-way receiver diversity Feature Code Number of cells
Iub over Satellite Feature Code Number of cells
Iub Supporting Internet-grade Transport Feature Code Number of cells
Increased HSDPA Code Capacity on DUW Feature Code Number of cells
Psi-Coverage Feature Code Number of cells
Data Acceleration Feature Code Number of cells
SRVCC for voice and data Feature Code Number of cells
EUL Multi Carrier Feature Code Number of cells
HSDPA Dynamic Power Sharing Feature Code Number of cells
Narrowband interference rejection Feature Code Number of cells
Combined Cell Feature Code Number of cells
Mobile Broadband Three Carriers Feature Code Number of cells
Energy Efficiency Feature Code Number of cells
RBS6000 with Radio Dot System Feature Code Number of cells
Base package WCDMA RBS Feature Code Number of cells
IPsec Feature Code Number of cells
Secure OAM and event logging Feature Code Number of cells
Time and Phase Synchronization Feature Code Number of cells
63
Table 9: WCDMA License Features 2
VP Functionality
Name Description VP FAL/FAJ comments
Carriers WCDMA Number
of Cell Carriers
Feature Code Number of cells
Emergency
UNLOCK
RESET
WCDMA & LTE
Emergency
Unlock Reset
Feature Code
as 1 if it will be
necessary
• For LTE:
Where 5+5 Channel BW = number of BW per Cell total / 5.
Table 10: LTE License Features
Description FAJ/FAL Number Value
LTE RAN 20.Q1
CC
Feature Code 1
LTE Prepaid Feature Code 1
5+5 SC Price
Model Capacity
Management
Feature Code
1
LTE FDD Base
Package
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
64
4x2 Downlink
MIMO
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Large eNodeB Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Site
Configurations for
CA
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Carrier
Aggregation
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Combined Cell Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Differentiated
Mobile Broadband
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Dual-eNodeB
Multioperator RAN
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Energy Efficiency Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Frequency
Synchronization
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
High Load
Handling
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Inter-Vendor Load
Management
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
IPsec Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
IPv6 Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Location Support Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
LTE Offload to
WCDMA
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Maximum Cell
Range
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Mixed Mode
Radio Node LTE
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Multicarrier Load
Management
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
4-Way Receive
Diversity
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
65
RAN Data
Collection
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Secure OAM and
Security Logging
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Service-Based
Mobility
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Shared Networks Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Self-Organizing
Networks
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
High Speed UE Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Time and Phase
Synchronization
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
TN Performance
Monitoring
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
CoMP Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
VoLTE Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
VoLTE
Performance
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
4x4 Downlink
MIMO
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Psi-Coverage Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Advanced Carrier
Aggregation
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Radio Dot System Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Uplink Spectrum
Adaptation
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Ericsson Lean
Carrier
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Elastic RAN Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
RAN Slicing Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
66
Basic Massive
MIMO
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Multi-User MIMO Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Latency Reduction Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Spectral Efficiency Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Mission-Critical
High Load Hand
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Mission-Critical
Services
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Basic Intelligent
Connectivity
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
Basic NR Mobility
Support
Feature Code Number of 5 + 5 Channel
BW
• Power licenses:
Table 11: Power License Features
Description
FAJ/FAL
Number Value
LTE Channel
Bandwidth 5MHz
Feature Code Num of LTE cells as
5MHZ
LTE Channel
Bandwidth 10MHz
Feature Code Num of LTE cells as
10MHZ
LTE Channel
Bandwidth 15MHz
Feature Code Num of LTE cells as
15MHZ
LTE Channel
Bandwidth 20MHz
Feature Code Num of LTE cells as
20MHZ
Output power 20W to
40W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
Output power 40W to
60W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
Output power 60W to
80W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
67
Output power 80W to
100W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
Output power 100W to
120W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
Output power 120W to
140W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
Output power 140W to
160W
Feature Code Number fo Licenses
Power
• Basebands licenses:
Table 12: Baseband License Features
Description
FAJ/FAL
Number Value
RAN Baseband Feature Code Unit value always
(1)
Initial HWAC Baseband 5216 Utility
Module
Feature Code
As 1 for BB5216
Expansion HWAC Baseband 5216
Utility Module
Feature Code Depend of BW
1 up to 240MHZ,
one step more for
120MHz
additional
Initial HWAC Baseband 6630 Utility
Module
Feature Code
As 1 for BB56630
68
Expansion HWAC Baseband 6630
Utility Module
Feature Code Depend of BW
1 up to 240MHZ,
one step more for
120MHz
additional
CPRI Port Expansion HWAC Feature Code
Depend of site
Initial HWAC Baseband 6620 Utility
Module
Feature Code
N/A
Expansion HWAC Baseband 6620
Utility Module
Feature Code
N/A
10GE Port Capability Baseband Feature Code
Depend of site
Multiple Ethernet Ports Baseband Feature Code
Depend of site
69
Annex 3: Radio Equipment Interfaces
• Ericsson RRU 2479 B20/B8/B28B [11]:
Figure 42: RRU 2479 B8/B20/B28B Ports
70
• Ericsson BB6630 [12]:
Figure 43: BB6630 Modules
71
• Antenna CCCxxxR25 [13]:
Figure 44: Antena CCCxxxR25 Connection Arrays