design and fabricate multipurpose trolley … · final year project ... projek ini bertujuan untuk...

DESIGN AND FABRICATE MULTIPURPOSE TROLLEY

AL NAZIRUL BIN HARON

Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the

Diploma of Mechanical Engineering

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

Universiti Malaysia Pahang

DECEMBER 2010

ii

SUPERVISOR DECLARATION

I hereby declare that I had read this thesis and in my opinion this thesis is sufficient

in terms of scope and quality for the purpose of the granting of Diploma of

Mechanical Engineering.

Signature : ……………………………………

Name of Supervisor : IDRIS BIN MAT SAHAT

Position : LECTURER

Date :

iii

STUDENT DECLARATION

I declare that this thesis entitled “Multipurpose Trolley” is the result of my own

research except as cited in references. The thesis has not been accepted for any

diploma and is not concurrently submitted in candidature of any other diploma.

Signature :……………………………………

Name : AL NAZIRUL BIN HARON

ID Number : MB08053

Date : 29 NOVEMBER 2010

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all I am grateful to ALLAH S.W.T for blessing me for finishing my

final year project (FYP) with success.

Secondly I want to thank my family for giving morale support and

encouragement in completing my project and also throughout my study in UMP as

they are my inspiration of success. I also would like to thank my supervisor En. Idris

Bin Mat Sahat for guiding and supervising my final year project throughout this

semester. He has been very helpful to me in finishing my project and I appreciate

every advice that has provided in correcting my mistakes. I apologize to my

supervisor for any mistakes and things that I done wrong while doing my project.

The credits also goes to all lecturers, teaching engineers (JP) and assistant teaching

engineers (PJP) for their cooperation and guide in helping me finishing my final year

project.

Lastly, I want to thank all my friends that have given me advice and

encouragement in completing my project. Thank you very much to all and may

ALLAH bless you.

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ABSTRACT

Trolley is the main transport for human to carry load. Every trolley has

different use and specific use. It is limited to do other job than the specified job.

There are some disadvantages for common trolleys such as don’t have stopper,load

easy to fall due to slippery surface only suitable for flat road, hard to cornering,

cannot load many things, unstable for heavy duty work, high force needed to push or

pull the trolley. To reduce this problem, one new trolley will be development that

have multipurpose and has not limited to do another task or job. Nowadays, people

use trolley to carry heavy load. There are many type of trolley in the market like

industrial trolley, drum truck trolley and platform truck trolley.Many trolleys has

been developed with a specific task or job like shopping trolley whichcan be use only

for shopping, and transporting traytrolley only to carry trays. In the fabrication, there

are many process involve to develop the product such as grinding, joining,

measuring, gathering material, cutting material, and finishing process.This project is

about design and fabricates a new product of trolley that has multi function. The

trolley maximum loads must 200kg, multi use and easy assemble. Its also must

reduce the disadvantages of the trolley in the current market like have stopper, and

able to lift items up the stairs. Trolley was achieving the objective of this project. The

Multipurpose Trolley can function in good condition for example it can support 200

kg load and the Trolley can climb the upstairs.

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ABSTRAK

Troli ialah pengangkutan tambahan bagi manusia membawa barang. Setiap

troli ada kegunaan yang tersendiri. Terdapat pelbagai masalah biasa yang boleh

didapati pada troli seperti tidak mempunyai penahan, beban mudah terjatuh, hanya

sesuai untuk jalan yang rata,susah untuk membelok,tidak stabil untuk kerja berat,

tidak boleh membawa banyak barang, perlukan banyak tenaga untuk menolak

barang. Untuk mengurangkan masalah ini, satu produk baru akan dihasilkan dan ia

mempunyai pelbagai fungsi serta tidak terhad kepada satu kegunaan sahaja. Pada

masa kini manusia menggunakan troli untuk mengangkat beban yang berat. Terdapat

pelbagai jenis troli yang berada dipasaran seperti troli industri, troli membawa drum,

dan troli pelantar. Banyak troli yang telah dihasilkan dengan tugas yang tertentu

seperti troli membeli belah yang hanya digunakan untuk membawa barang sewaktu

membeli belah, dan troli membawa tray hanya sesuai membawa tray. Penghasilan

produk ini melalui pelbagai proses kisar, menyambung, mengukur, mengumpul

bahan dan proses mencantikkan produk. Projek ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan

troli yang mempunyai pelbagai fungsi dan boleh membawa beban maksimum 200kg

dan mudah dipasang. Produk ini juga mestilah lebih baik daripada produk yang

berada dipasaran semasa seperti mempunyai penahan dan dapat menaiki tangga

dengan mudah. Troli ini telah mencapai objektif dengan jayanya. Troli ini boleh

berfungsi dengan baik sebagai contoh troli ini dapat menampung beban seberat 200

kg dan dapat menaiki tangga dengan mudah.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE i

SUPERVISOR DECLARATION ii

STUDENT DECLARATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv

ABSTRACT v

ABSTRAK vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES x

LIST OF FIGURES xi

LIST OF APPENDICES xii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Project Background 1

1.3 Problem Statement 1

1.4 Objective 2

1.5 Scope 2

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CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 3

2.2 Types of Trolley

2.2.1 Multipurpose Hand Trolley Four Wheels 4

2.2.2 Multipurpose Metallic Trolley Four Wheels 6

2.2.3 Multipurpose Foldable Trolley Four Wheel 8

2.2.4 Aluminium Multipurpose Foldable Monster

Trolley Four Wheels 10

2.3 Material Selection

2.3.1 Angle Iron 12

2.3.2 Hollow Square Bar (Mild Steel) 12

2.3.3 Duty Wheels (Front Wheels) 13

2.3.4 Double Ball Bearing Swivel Castors

(Rear Wheel) 13

2.3.5 Galvanized Pipe 13

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 14

3.2 Flow Chart 15

3.3 Sketching 16

3.3.1 First Design 17

3.3.2 Second Design 18

3.3.3 Third Design 19

3.3.4 Fourth Design 20

3.4 Concept Screening 21

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3.5 Finalized Design 22

3.6 Product Design Specification 24

3.7 Fabrication Process

3.7.1 Measuring 25

3.7.2 Cutting 26

3.7.3 Joining 28

3.7.4 Finishing 29

3.8 Bill of Material 30

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1 Introduction 31

4.2 Result

4.2.1 Product Specification 33

4.2.2 Cost Analysis 33

4.3 Discussion 34

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Introduction 35

5.2 Conclusion 35

5.3 Recommendation

5.3.1 Material Selection 36

REFERENCE 37

APPENDIX 38

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO Page

3.1 Concept Screening 21

3.2 Bill of Material 30

4.1 Product Specification 33

4.2 Cost Analysis 33

xi

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO Page

2.1 Multipurpose Hand Trolley Four Wheels 4

2.2 Multi-Purpose Metallic Trolley Four Wheels 6

2.3 Multipurpose Foldable Trolley Four Wheels 8

2.4 Aluminum Multi purpose Monster Trolley Four Wheel 10

2.5 Angle Iron 12

2.6 Duty Wheels (Front wheels) 13

2.7 Double Ball Bearing Swivel Castors (rear wheel) 13

3.1 Flow Chart 15

3.2 First Design 17

3.3 Second Design 18

3.4 Third Design 19

3.5 Fourth Design 20

3.6 Finalize Design 22

3.7 Exploded View Selected 23

3.8 Measuring 25

3.9 Cutting 27

3.10 Band Saw 27

3.11 Joining 28

4.1 Isometric View 31

4.2 Front View 32

4.3 Side View 32

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LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX Page

A Gantt Chart 38

B1 Drawing 1 39

B2 Drawing 2 40

B3 Drawing 3 41

B4 Drawing 4 42

B5 Drawing 5 43

B6 Drawing 6 44

B7 Drawing 7 45

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

For this chapter, it is about discussion of the project background, problem

statement, objective of the project,and lastly scope of the project.

1.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND

Trolley is an equipment used to move heavy loads from one place to another.

It can reduce the human burden in their daily lives. This device is commonly used by

a large number of industries to transport physical products. Trolley is often used by

those who organize and stock merchandise in retail stores restock. When used

properly, trolley can protect people from having back injuries and other health

problems that can result from lifting and carrying heavy loads.

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Most of the trolley available are not foldable and not multi functional.

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1.4 OBJECTIVE

The main objectives of this project is to design and manufacture a trolley that

has a lot of function with extra features that can help people improve their daily life.

1.5 SCOPE

i. Portable and easy for storage (foldable).

ii. Adjustable for variety of usage.

iii. Easy to operate.

iv. It is extensive for warehouse and workshop.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of

current knowledge and or methodological approaches on a particular topic. Literature

reviews are secondary sources, and as such, do not report any new or original

experimental work.

Most often associated with academic-oriented literature, such as theses, a

literature review usually precedes a research proposal and results section. Its ultimate

goal is to bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic and forms the

basis for another goal, such as future research that may be needed in the area.

A well-structured literature review is characterized by a logical flow of ideas,

current and relevant references with consistent, appropriate referencing style; proper

use of terminology; and an unbiased and comprehensive view of the previous

research on the topic.

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2.2 TYPES OF TROLLEY

2.2.1 Multipurpose Hand Trolley Four Wheels

Figure 2.1: Multipurpose Hand Trolley Four Wheels, [1]

The multipurpose hand trolley four wheels easy to use, strong, and easy to

operation. This trolley have four wheels The total of trolley size 1450mm x 550mm x

460mm and the total plate width is 180mm This trolley can handle the load of 250kg

and below.

The advantage of this trolley are, light in weight, durable, top grade and easy

to operation. It is extensive suitable for warehouse and office.

The disadvantages of this trolley is loads fell easily when filled with a large

quantity and small items can not be loaded.

4

5

The material used to manufacture this product consist of:

a) Light duty wheels (front wheels) :

Tough moulded polypropylene centres fitted with ribbed tyres.PD range is

specially designed for trolley and other light horticultural applications

b) Hollow bar (main body):

Hollow bar used to make the main body. This part must be made from hard

material so it can support heavy load.In addition, this matelrial has a property

with light in weight so it can reduce the weight of the trolley.

c) Rubber (holder) :

Rubber is suitable to serve as the holder because of the gripping and can

prevent the hand from slipping.

5

6

2.2.2 Multi-Purpose Metallic Trolley Four Wheels

Figure 2.2 :Multi Purpose Metallic Trolley Four Wheels,[2]

The multi purpose metallic trolley four wheels is foldable and easy to

use.This trolley has four wheels where the front wheel diameter of 255mm and the

rear tire in about one times smaller than the front wheel. Height of this trolley is

1320mm and a width of 460mm. This trolley can handle the load of 60kg and below.

The advantages of this trolley are foldable to convert functions. It also can

carry many types of equipments.

The disadvantages of this trolley is equipments fell off easily when filled with

a large quantity and small items can not be filled.

6

7

The material used to manufacture this product is consist of :

a) Stainless steel :

Stainless steel used to make the holder part. This part must be made from

hard material so that the holder not easy to broken. In metallurgy, stainless

steel is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10% chromium content by

mass. Stainless steel does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as ordinary steel

but it is not stain-proof. It is also called corrosion-resistant steel or CRES

when the alloy type and grade are not detailed, particularly in the aviation

industry.

b) Light duty wheels (front wheels) :


specially designed for trolley and other light horticultural applications.

c) Double ball bearing swivel castors (rear wheel):

The castors are suitable for use on trolleys, roll pallets, display racks and

general purpose equipment.Available with rubber, polyurethane or nylon

wheels.

d) Hollow bar (main body):




7

8

2.2.3 Multipurpose Foldable Trolley Four Wheels

Figure 2.3: Multi Purpose Foldable Trolley Four Wheels,[3]

The multi purpose foldable trolley four wheels is foldable and easy to handle.

This trolley has four wheels where the front wheel diameter of 25cm and the rear tire

in about one times smaller than the front wheel. Height of this trolley is 125cm and a

width of 41cm. This trolley can handle the load of 250kg and below.


carry many types of equipments.

The disadvantages of this trolley is loads fell off easily when filled with a

large quantity and small items can not be loaded.

8

9


a) Hollow bar (main body) :




b) Pneumatic tyre wheels (front wheels)

Air filled pneumatic wheels suitable for low speed applications. Sizes vary

from 220mm up to 400mm.It can also supply puncture proof pneumatic

wheels, metal centred pneumatic wheels and pneumatic tyred castors.




wheels.

9

10

2.2.4 Aluminium Multipurpose Foladable Monster Trolley Four Wheels

Figure 2.4: Aluminium Multipurpose Foldable Monster Trolley Four Weels,[4]

The aluminium multipurpose foldable monster trolley four wheels is easy to

use,strong, and rust resistance.This trolley has four wheels where the front wheel

diameter of 255mm and the rear tire in about one times smaller than the front wheel.

Height of this trolley is 1320mm and a width of 460mm. This trolley can handle the

load of 200kg and below.


carry many types of loads.

The disadvantages of this trolley is loads fell easily when filled with a large

quantity and small items can not be loaded.

10

11


a) Aluminium hollow bar (main body) :

Aluminium is a silvery white and ductile member of the boron group of

chemical elements.Aluminiumdurable, lightweight, malleable metal with

appearance ranging from silvery to dull grey, depending on the surface

roughness.Aluminium is nonmagnetic and nonsparking.

b) Light duty wheels (front wheels) :


specially designed for trolley and other light horticultural applications.




wheels.

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2.3 MATERIAL SELECTION

2.3.1 Angle Iron

An angleiron is a flat metal rod that has been folded to a 90-degree angle

along its length, resulting in an L-shaped piece. Usually the two sides of the angle are

of equal length. Heavier angleiron is often a structural element in buildings, bridges,

and so on, while lighter angleiron is used for a variety of supports. An adjustable bed

frame, for example, is made of angleiron.

Figure 2.5: Angle Iron,[5]

2.3.2 Hollow Square Bar(Mild Steel)

This type of material is used to be the frame for the trolley. It is selected

because the stand is preferred to be tough and strong.

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design and fabricate multipurpose trolley … · final year project ... projek ini bertujuan untuk...

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