design and development of noryl solar air

8/8/2019 Design and Development of Noryl Solar Air

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IntroductionIntroduction Since the fossil fuels are limited in nature

therefore we have to move an alternative directionto gain energy. In these sources solar energy canbe play vital roll.

Fossil fuels are also causes air pollutions. Solar air heater is used in space heating.

Solar air heating can be also used to dry

agricultural products i.e. Grains, Fruits, Date andspices etc.

So if we used solar energy to heat the air in their homes,our environment would be cleaner.

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Aim and scopeAim and scope

The aim of present analysis is to investigate thedesign and development of noryl air heater or

solar thermal applications. The conventional solar energy collector are metal

like galvanized iron, copper etc.

These materials are energy intensive, it takes 5years for them to collect solar energy equal to thatused in their production.

The plastics are therefore being researched as analternative for metallic collectors.

some of the plastic have very suitable property forglazing in collectors as compared to glass.3


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Typical properties of plastisTypical properties of plastis

The GE plastic made of Noryl material is multiwall sheets.

It is black in colour and has melting temperatureof 170oC and can be built in channels for heatremoval.

These days certain plastic are attractive materialsfor use in glazing and lighting applications,because of their light weight.

Easy to handling and installation, high lighttransmission and better shatter resistance thanglass.

Greater freedom of design in another advantagesand has more economical and safer than glass. 4


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TableTable--II

Glazing

material

Specific

gravity

(ASTMD

792)

Coefficient of

thermal

expansion

(ASTMD792)10-5/OC

Visible high

transmission

Tensile

strength

(ASTMD

638) Mpa

Impact strength

(notched

specimen)

J/m(ASTMD

256) 130d Test

Flexural

modulus

(ASTMD

790) Gpa

PMMA

(Acrylic)

1.19 3.1 91-93 72 21-27 2.2-3.4

Polycarbonate 1.20 6.6 82-89 62-72 640-860 2.2-2.6

GRP 1.40-1.60 3.4-4.4 76-85 76-117 430-1070 50-100

PVC (Rigid) 1.30-1.40 5.0-10.0 76-89 38-62 13-64 2.6-3.7

Sheet glass (Sodalime glass)

2.46-2.49 0.85 88-90 - Brittle -

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Literature SurveyLiterature Survey Wenxian Lin et al. [2006]

Turhan Koyuncu. [2006] Arvind Tiwari et al. [2006]

C.D.Ho et al. [2005]

Irfan & aydin. [2004]

Ammari. [2003]

Benon & Fuller. [2002] Adel. [2000]

Kaushika. [1997]

Blaga . [1980]6


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MethodologyMethodology

The propose air heater consists of a plane black absorber

sheet (1250mm x 1000mm) made of Noryl plasticmaterial.

The riser tube are channel with a square cross-section

and are embodied in the absorber plate. The header tubes are PVC pipes of 65 mm diameter.

The glazing is made of polycarbonate structured

materials of thickness 10 mm.

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MethodologyMethodology

The air gap between the absorber andglazing is 10 mm.

The bottom insulation is provided by the

thermo Cole sheet of 10 mm thickness. An air gap of 10 mm is provided between

the black absorber and the bottom thermoCole insulation.

The channels are covered with wooden

frame which provides the strength and sideinsulation. 8


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Assembly drawing of noryl solar heater.Assembly drawing of noryl solar heater.

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Field measurementsField measurements The working of solar air heater is investigated through field

measurements.

The collector was placed facing southward at a tilt of 10o to

horizontal. Following parameters have been measured to asses the

performance of the system.

Temperature at inlet and outlet have been measured with the helpof nickel and chromium thermocouples.

Wind speed was measured at the inlet of bottom header.

Solar radiation on horizontal surface has been measured usingpyranometer.

Atmospheric pressure was measured from barometer.

The above parameters are measured at New Delhi (28.58oN) in thesummer season from 10 am to 4 pm with a gap of 10 minutes.10


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ObservationsObservations

The diameter of inlet nozzle: 65 mm The diameter o outlet nozzle: 30 mm

Air velocity at inlet: 0.2 m/sec Atmospheric pressure: 750 mm of Hg

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TableTable--IIIIThe table shows the averaged measured values in the month ofThe table shows the averaged measured values in the month of

may with a gap of 30 minutes.may with a gap of 30 minutes.Time

Hrs

Outlet Temp.

(o c)

Inlet Temp.

(o c)

Solar Irradiance

(w/m2)

Mass flow rate

gram/sec

10:00 50.10 33.80 613.70 0.74910:30 54.80 34.20 622.20 0.746

11:00 56.10 34.80 650.70 0.747

11:30 58.10 37.00 595.50 0.742

12:00 58.50 37.50 719.10 0.741

12:30 52.60 36.00 668.70 0.744

13:00 58.50 39.80 603.40 0.735

13:30 64.90 40.70 675.60 0.733

14:00 54.90 39.50 670.50 0.736

14:30 59.40 42.90 635.50 0.728

15:00 59.00 39.40 560.10 0.73615:30 55.60 36.70 481.20 0.743

16:00 51.90 35.90 381.70 0.745

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Results & DiscussionResults & Discussion

The performance of noryl solar air heater is

computed on the basis of measured data .Themass flow rate of air is computed follows:

Mass flow rate of air = ( P x V) /( R x T).

Where V is the volumetric flow rate and given

as: V= a x v; where, a, is the cross-sectional area

of nozzle at inlet and v is the velocity of the flow,P: atmospheric pressure and T: ambient

temperature and R: Gas constant for air.

m

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The calculated mass flow rate is also given

in table-II during corresponding periods.

The Fig2.2 shows the variation of inlet and

outlet temperature with different hours ofthe day.

This Fig. shows the gain in the temperatureof air during different hours of the day.

It is found that solar air heater has ability to

produce hot air of temperature difference

10o C -30oC in the month of may.

This temperature is sufficient for spaceheating and drying purposes. 14


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D t il d d i f ll t f S l AiD t il d d i f ll t f S l Ai


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Detailed drawings of all parts of Solar AirDetailed drawings of all parts of Solar Air

HeaterHeater

2 Nos. PVC Pipe of dia. 65mm

2 Nos. Nozzles

2 Nos. Wooden strip

of 20mm x 1000mm


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Noryl Sheets and ThermocoalNoryl Sheets and Thermocoal

2 Nos. noryl sheet (black/white) 1250mm x 1000mm 1 No. thermocoal 1250mm x 1000mm

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ConclusionsConclusions

A solar air heater is using multi wall

structure plastic sheet and the glazing has

been developed and its performance in thefield condition has been investigated.The air

heater is capable of providing hot air oftemperature difference (15o C-30o C) on a

moderate sunny day. It therefore a suitable

air heater for producing hot air of space

heating and agricultural drying applications.

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ReferencesReferences

1. Adel A.H,2000,Thermo hydraulic performance of air heating solar collector with variable width flat absorber

plates. Energy conversion and management,41,13,1361.

2. A.Blaga,1980,Plastic in glazing and lighting applications, UDC 69.028.2-036,National Research Council

Canada (Canadian Building Digest).

3. Ammari,H.D,2003, A mathematical model of thermal performance of a solar air heater with slats. RenewableEnergy,28,10,1597.

4. Arvin tiwari,M.S.Sodha,Avinas Chandra.J.C.Joshi,2006,Performance evaluation of PV thermal solar air

collector for composite climate of India. Solar energy Materials and solar cells,90,2,175.

5. Benon B. and Fuller R.j,2002, Natural convection solar drier with biomass backup heter.Solar

Energy,72,1,75.

6. C.D. Ho., H.M. Yeh and R.C.Wang,2005, Heat transfer enhancement in double pass flat plate solar air

heaters with recycle.Energy,30,15,2796.

7. Hamid, Y.H. and Beckman, W.A.,1971, Performance of air cooled, relatively heated screen matrices. Trans.

ASME. J. Energy for power,93,221.

8. Irfan K. and Aydin D, 2004, Efficiency and Exergy analysis of a new solar air heater. Renewable

Energy,29,9,1489.9. Selcuk, K, 1971.Thermal and economical analysis of the overlapped glass plate solar air heaters. Solar

Energy,13,165.

10. Turhan Koyuncu,2006, Performance of various design of solar air heaters for crop drying applications

.Renewable Energy,31,7,1073.165.

11. Wenxian Lin, Wenfeng Gao and Tao Liu,2006, A parametric study on the thermal performance of cross

corrugated solar air collector. Applied Thermal Energy.,26,10,1043.

12. N.D.Kaushik,1988,Principles and application of solar energy. Environ Academia and IBT Publishers, Delhi,

India.20


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design and development of noryl solar air

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