Describe the causes and effects Describe the causes and effects of pollution on the Ganges and of pollution on the Ganges and

Yangtze RiverYangtze River

Origin of the GangesOrigin of the Ganges

Gangotri Glacier is one of the Gangotri Glacier is one of the largest glaciers in the Himalayan largest glaciers in the Himalayan Mountains and is the source of the Mountains and is the source of the Ganges River that flows through Ganges River that flows through Pakistan and India. Pakistan and India.

Ganges begins high in the Ganges begins high in the Himalayans Mountains Himalayans Mountains and flows 1600 miles and flows 1600 miles through India and through India and Bangladesh to the bay of Bangladesh to the bay of Bengal. Bengal.

The river provides water The river provides water and transportation for over and transportation for over 400 million people.400 million people.

Ganges- causes of pollutionGanges- causes of pollutionChemicals used in farming and industry wash into the river. Chromium is a toxic chemical used in tanning leather.

Human and animal waste are also dumped into the water because sewage from the cities is not treated

Cremated remains are also put into the Ganges.

Causes of water Causes of water pollution in the pollution in the GangesGanges

Chemical fertilizers , human waste, decomposing bodies, Chemical fertilizers , human waste, decomposing bodies, cremated remains, and animal waste pollute the river. In spite of cremated remains, and animal waste pollute the river. In spite of these issues, the water of the Ganges is still sacred to the people of these issues, the water of the Ganges is still sacred to the people of India. India.

People bathe in the People bathe in the Ganges.Ganges.

It is a tradition to throw It is a tradition to throw dead bodies in the dead bodies in the Ganges, so they can Ganges, so they can “wash away”“wash away”

Decomposing bodies Decomposing bodies release chemicals and release chemicals and toxins in the water. This toxins in the water. This adds to the pollution adds to the pollution problemproblem

Pollution of the Ganges Pollution of the Ganges Fecal coliform are bacteria Fecal coliform are bacteria that originate in excretathat originate in excretaWater borne diseases

found in the Ganges include, but not limited too: acute gastrointestinal disease, cholera, dysentery, hepatitis-A, and typhoid.

Sacredness of Mother GangesSacredness of Mother Ganges

Health effectsHealth effects

Several diseases Several diseases have been spread have been spread due to the due to the pollution. These pollution. These include include cholera,cholera, dysentery, dysentery, typhoid and typhoid and hepatitishepatitis

Typhoid cases world wide, green is Typhoid cases world wide, green is most common regions.most common regions.

How cholera killsHow cholera kills The cholera bacteria The cholera bacteria

produce a toxin which produce a toxin which keeps the human body keeps the human body from absorbing liquids. from absorbing liquids. It is one of the most It is one of the most rapidly fatal illnesses rapidly fatal illnesses known. Untreated known. Untreated individuals may die individuals may die from severe from severe dehydration within two dehydration within two to three hours.. to three hours..

Efforts to clean upEfforts to clean uphttp://on.aol.com/video/pollution-impact-of-the-ganga-river-481389221

The Ganges Action The Ganges Action PlanPlan was started in was started in 1985 to clean the 1985 to clean the river.river.

Water treatment Water treatment plants are being plants are being built to clean up built to clean up sewage and waste.sewage and waste.

Yangtze RiverYangtze River China’s longest River, China’s longest River,

flows almost 4,000 flows almost 4,000 miles from the miles from the northwestern part of northwestern part of the country to the East the country to the East China Sea. China Sea.

Pumping stations Pumping stations along the river take along the river take water out to supply water out to supply over 400 million over 400 million people with water for people with water for drinking, irrigation, drinking, irrigation, and industrial uses. and industrial uses.

Yangtze Pollution-causesYangtze Pollution-causes

Nitrogen& phosphates from fertilizers Nitrogen& phosphates from fertilizers increase the production of algaeincrease the production of algae

Phosphates contaminate the fish that Phosphates contaminate the fish that people then eatpeople then eat

Industrial waste is dumped into riversIndustrial waste is dumped into rivers

Pollution of the YangtzePollution of the Yangtze

Millions of gallons of Millions of gallons of sewage are dumped sewage are dumped into the river along into the river along with chemicals from with chemicals from agricultural runoff and agricultural runoff and industrial waster. industrial waster.

Nitrogen from Nitrogen from fertilizers and arsenic fertilizers and arsenic from industrial uses from industrial uses are leading pollutants are leading pollutants found in the Yangtze found in the Yangtze

waterswaters. .

Plant species and animals that Plant species and animals that once lived in the river are once lived in the river are disappearing. disappearing.

High levels of nitrogen and High levels of nitrogen and phosphates lead to the growth phosphates lead to the growth of blue-green algae. of blue-green algae.

This reduces the oxygen in the This reduces the oxygen in the water causing the fish to die. water causing the fish to die.

Contaminated fist are caught Contaminated fist are caught and eaten by the Chinese and eaten by the Chinese people, leading to health people, leading to health

problemsproblems. .

EffectsEffects

The Algae uses oxygen that fish need. This The Algae uses oxygen that fish need. This leads to the death of the fish.leads to the death of the fish.

People are getting sick from eating the fish.People are getting sick from eating the fish. There is an increase in the number of birth There is an increase in the number of birth

defects and cancer.defects and cancer.

Picture of an algae bloom as a Picture of an algae bloom as a result of agricultural runoff result of agricultural runoff

Fish killed from pollutionFish killed from pollution

A pipe gushes into a river.A pipe gushes into a river.

Xuanwei (Xuanwei ( 宣威宣威 ) in Yunnan province is a cancer ) in Yunnan province is a cancer village. Every year there are more than 20 people village. Every year there are more than 20 people die of cancer. 11-year-old student Xu Li (die of cancer. 11-year-old student Xu Li ( 徐丽徐丽 ) is ) is

suffering from bone cancer. May 8, 2007suffering from bone cancer. May 8, 2007

Trash floats on the river as a woman Trash floats on the river as a woman washes her clotheswashes her clothes

A layer of chemicals from a nearby A layer of chemicals from a nearby industrial plantindustrial plant

The Baiji is a freshwater dolphin found The Baiji is a freshwater dolphin found only in the Yangtze River in China. It only in the Yangtze River in China. It

may have become extinct.may have become extinct.

Describe the causes and effects of air pollution in India and China.

Air Pollution and flooding in Air Pollution and flooding in China and IndiaChina and India

Causes of Air pollution IndiaCauses of Air pollution India

Enormous and growing Enormous and growing populationpopulation

Rapid growth of citiesRapid growth of cities Development of Development of

industriesindustries Automobile emissionsAutomobile emissions In rural area families cook In rural area families cook

over open fires using over open fires using wood, animal dung, or wood, animal dung, or coal. coal.

Effects of pollution in IndiaEffects of pollution in India

Respiratory diseases such as Respiratory diseases such as bronchitis. bronchitis.

Fuel sources send carbon Fuel sources send carbon monoxide , soot, and other monoxide , soot, and other chemicals into the air. chemicals into the air.

Pollution produces a brown Pollution produces a brown cloud (haze of pollution) that cloud (haze of pollution) that reduces temperatures and reduces temperatures and rainfall. rainfall.

Because of economic growth, Because of economic growth, Indian government find it Indian government find it difficult to enforce laws to difficult to enforce laws to prevent air pollutionprevent air pollution

Causes of air pollution in Causes of air pollution in ChinaChina

Industrial and population Industrial and population growth are leading growth are leading contributors to air contributors to air pollution. pollution.

Using coal to provide Using coal to provide energy to the country energy to the country produces soot, ash, and produces soot, ash, and send chemicals into the send chemicals into the atmosphere. atmosphere.

Effects of air pollution in China. Effects of air pollution in China.

Respiratory diseasesRespiratory diseases Heart diseaseHeart disease Acid rain (harmful to Acid rain (harmful to

humans, plants, and humans, plants, and animals. animals.

Acid rain occurs when Acid rain occurs when chemicals in the air mix chemicals in the air mix with moisture in the with moisture in the atmosphere and fall to atmosphere and fall to the ground. the ground.

Acid rain contains sulfuric Acid rain contains sulfuric acid and nitric acid. acid and nitric acid.

Air Pollution and flooding in IndiaAir Pollution and flooding in India

Causes of Air pollution IndiaCauses of Air pollution India

Enormous and growing Enormous and growing populationpopulation

Rapid growth of citiesRapid growth of cities Development of Development of

industriesindustries Automobile emissionsAutomobile emissions In rural area families cook In rural area families cook

over open fires using over open fires using wood, animal dung, or wood, animal dung, or coal. coal.

Effects of pollution in IndiaEffects of pollution in India

Respiratory diseases such as Respiratory diseases such as bronchitis. bronchitis.

Fuel sources send carbon Fuel sources send carbon monoxide , soot, and other monoxide , soot, and other chemicals into the air. chemicals into the air.

Pollution produces a brown Pollution produces a brown cloud (haze of pollution) that cloud (haze of pollution) that reduces temperatures and reduces temperatures and rainfall. rainfall.

Because of economic growth, Because of economic growth, Indian government find it Indian government find it difficult to enforce laws to difficult to enforce laws to prevent air pollutionprevent air pollution

India air pollutionIndia air pollution

Respiratory disease is Respiratory disease is the result of air the result of air pollution from factories pollution from factories and carsand cars

According to the World Health Organization, According to the World Health Organization, the capital city of New Delhi is one of the top the capital city of New Delhi is one of the top ten most polluted cities in the world. ten most polluted cities in the world.

Surveys indicate that in New Delhi the incidence of respiratory diseases due to air pollution is about 12 times the national average.

More than one million cars are being added to More than one million cars are being added to India’s roads every year — a growth rate India’s roads every year — a growth rate

averaging 10.2 percent annually over the last averaging 10.2 percent annually over the last

five years.five years.

Poor people are afraid that laws Poor people are afraid that laws limiting industry may cause them to limiting industry may cause them to

lose jobslose jobs

Haze from pollution known as “brown clouds” may cause changes in climate such as reduction of rainfall & temperature

Air pollution in the countryAir pollution in the country

Rural areas also have Rural areas also have air pollution from using air pollution from using coal and wood fires in coal and wood fires in their homestheir homes

Inhaling the smoke Inhaling the smoke from these fires is like from these fires is like smoking 20 packs of smoking 20 packs of cigarettes a day!cigarettes a day!

Causes of air pollution in Causes of air pollution in ChinaChina

Industrial and population Industrial and population growth are leading growth are leading contributors to air contributors to air pollution. pollution.

Using coal to provide Using coal to provide energy to the country energy to the country produces soot, ash, and produces soot, ash, and send chemicals into the send chemicals into the atmosphere. atmosphere.

Effects of air pollution in China. Effects of air pollution in China.

Respiratory diseasesRespiratory diseases Heart diseaseHeart disease Acid rain (harmful to Acid rain (harmful to

humans, plants, and humans, plants, and animals. animals.

Acid rain occurs when Acid rain occurs when chemicals in the air mix chemicals in the air mix with moisture in the with moisture in the atmosphere and fall to atmosphere and fall to the ground. the ground.

Acid rain contains sulfuric Acid rain contains sulfuric acid and nitric acid. acid and nitric acid.

Air Pollution and flooding in ChinaAir Pollution and flooding in China

Air Pollution in ChinaAir Pollution in China

CoalCoal is the main source of fuel in China is the main source of fuel in China A leading cause of death in China is A leading cause of death in China is

respiratory and heart disease respiratory and heart disease Health problems have caused a reduction in Health problems have caused a reduction in

China’s economic growthChina’s economic growth

Compared to the rest of the world Compared to the rest of the world China has far greater % of people China has far greater % of people

getting sick from air pollutiongetting sick from air pollution

Beijing introduced a series of anti-smog Beijing introduced a series of anti-smog measures to clear the air, including halving measures to clear the air, including halving the number of cars on the road each day and the number of cars on the road each day and shutting down thousands of factories in andshutting down thousands of factories in andaround the city. It also formed a crisis plan to around the city. It also formed a crisis plan to remove 90 per cent of cars from the streets remove 90 per cent of cars from the streets and shut down even more industry if the and shut down even more industry if the pollution remained high as the Games pollution remained high as the Games approached.approached.

Athletes in the Beijing Olympics in 2008Athletes in the Beijing Olympics in 2008 were concerned about air qualitywere concerned about air quality The The Beijing Municipal Protection AgencyBeijing Municipal Protection Agency

was formed to help lower air pollutionwas formed to help lower air pollution

Acid RainAcid Rain

Both India and China have many Both India and China have many ancient landmarks that are being ancient landmarks that are being harmed from acid rain. Cleaning harmed from acid rain. Cleaning the buildings helps, but it hasn’t the buildings helps, but it hasn’t solved the problem.solved the problem.

http://ronaldwederfoort.blogspot.com/2014/06/cis-china-toxic-water-example-this-to.html

Rain, Rain, Go AwayRain, Rain, Go Away

Monsoons are a mixed blessing for India.Monsoons are a mixed blessing for India. The monsoon season arrives in India each The monsoon season arrives in India each

year in June and spreads heavy rain until year in June and spreads heavy rain until

SeptemberSeptember

Rain for crops Flooding

Hydro electric power Destruction and waterborn diseases

Flooding in India and ChinaFlooding in India and China

Causes – Causes – TyphoonsTyphoons MonsoonsMonsoons Tropical StormsTropical Storms Urban Urban

developmentdevelopment Human OversightHuman Oversight

Effects – Effects – Damage to Damage to

propertyproperty Loss of propertyLoss of property DiseasesDiseases DeathDeath Economic tollEconomic toll LandslidesLandslides

http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/07/21/china.floods.three.gorges.dam/index.htmlhttp://www.cnn.com/2013/06/23/world/asia/india-floods