DEPOT / TERMINAL OPERATIONS

LPG

NAPHTHA

PETROL

SOLVENTS

ATF

KEROSENE

DIESEL

LUBRICATING OIL

FUEL OIL

ASPHALT

CARBON BLACK FEED STOCK -

TYPICAL REFINERY PRODUCTS

DOMESTIC & INDUSTRIAL FUEL

PETROCHEMICALS

FERTILISERS

PLASTICS

DYES

TRANSPORT INDUSTRY

PAINTS

EDIBLE OIL REFINING

AVIATION INDUSTRY

DOMESTIC FUEL

INDUSTRY

ROAD BUILDING

SHIPPING

AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

HIGH SPEED DIESEL

LIGHT DIESEL OILINDUSTRY

AGRICULTURE

TYRE INDUSTRY

CRUDE OIL

TYPICAL SUPPLY CHAIN

BPT PIRPAUMANIFOLD

TROMBAYO N G C

OMCOMCOMC

JAWAHARDWEEP

NAPHTHA,HSD,KERO/ATF

SP. OILS

TATA

LSHS

LONI,WADALA

SEWREE,MAZGAON

WADI BUNDER

BH-GAS / NGLLPG

SANTACRUZ

TERMINAL

LPG BOTTLING PLANT

BPCLREFINERY

MAHUL

VASHI

OMC REFINERY

DEPOT OPERATION

• Receipt, Storage & Distribution• Receipt operation (PLT, TW, TT, coastal) • M&R Of facilities – tanks, Pumps, Fire Fighting

facilities• TTL Planning & Loading• Safety & Security• QC• Accounting/Finance

TANK TRUCK OPERATIONS

• Lining up of tanks for each product• Product wise sampling of gantry products in

each shift & whenever there is switchover • Morning density/bi-hourly density• Water dips of tanks • SKO releases after visual, density & flash

point check• Presence of blue dye (25 ppm), Petrol

Plus (290/600 ppm), Diesel Plus(460/560 ppm), Marker (5ppm), Ethanol (5%) to be ensured

• Mentioning tank no, 15oC density, lock no & time of release

• TT locking

TANK TRUCK UNLOADING

• Check date & time of TT loading & reporting at Outlet

• Check condition of locking• Compartment-wise sampling, TT retention

sample • Verify density, dips & top-up compartment-wise• Shortage to be endorsed compartment-wise

duly acknowledged by TT driver• Decide on tank to receive based on ullage• Provide bonding between TT & tank & keep FEs

handy• Avoid vehicular movement around decantation

area• Ensure supervision of unloading

TT – KNOWN MALPRACTICES

• Hidden Chambers in compartments• Use of duplicate dip rods• Inserting another closed pipe in dip pipe• Hidden connection between compartment &

fuel tank• Loose security fittings (valve wheel, flanged

connections, broken rings on manhole hinge, loose manhole hinges

• Use of threaded dip pipe connection• Under calibration (Automated locations)• Removal of nut of top manhole and siphoning

using a plastic pipe

OPERATIONS – ROLE OF SALES OFFICER

• Familiarity with Depot Staff• Knowledge of Depot loading facilities, tankage,

pumping capacity• Knowledge of any constraints in the Depot• Liaison with TTL Officer on daily basis• Knowledge of routes for TTs • Ensure that the dealers follow the prescribed

payment terms• Informing RO for any change in en-route levies• Coordination for dealer indents

OPERATIONS – ROLE OF SALES OFFICER

• Providing tankage at Retail Outlets in line with requirement

• Verification of security lock key and its proper handling

• Handling any quality issue as per MDG/TDG• Verification/preparation of CMR correctly• For DO based supplies, rates to be checked

with Zonal rates • Periodic review & updation of R&D master• Act as a link between Depot & Dealer• Checking adequacy of Bank

Guarantee/enhancement

SECURITY LOCKING

• Unique locks for each Retail Outlet • Suppliers: Sterna Security (Abloy) & Godrej • Cost of Locks: (Abloy–Rs 1698/-, Godrej- Rs

983/-)• Dealers provided with 2 dealer specific

keys; one key for operation; 2nd key as spare.• Master key with supply location• Replacement of defective locks and worn out

keys is only through supply location.• Loss of key or locks should be promptly

reported to supply location and FIR lodged.

• Dealer must return the TT in a locked condition (at bottom as well as top dome cover).

TRANSPORT CONTRACTS

• Finalised supply location-wise• Duration: 2 years extendable by one year

at Corporation’s discretion• TTs requirement prepared by supply location

(SOs should liaise with location for requirement for their area including volume growth)

• Dealers owning TTs allowed to use their TT for their own load provided they participate in public tender

• Age of TT for operating under contract - 15 years ( 8 years in case of Mumbai)

• Dealers are given concessions for EMD, Security Deposit etc. in the tender

TRANSPORT CONTRACTS

• Rates Schedule:Local (FDZ) - Rs/KL(upto 39RTKM)

Outside FDZ (within state) - Ps/KLKMAdjoining states - Ps/KLKMOther states - Ps/KLKM

Booking of shortage: MS/HSD – RSP of loading or receiving location,

whichever is more & transportation charges for short delivery SKO – Industrial selling rate at loading or receiving location, whichever is more & transportation charges for short delivery

TRANSPORT CONTRACTS

• TT must have one 10 Kg DCP and one 1 Kg DCP/CO2 Fire Extinguisher (BIS mark)

• TT must carry electricallly continuous rubber (not plastic) hose and an earthing wire with crocodile clips at both ends for unloading

• Tank truck should have security locking system as prescribed

• TT will have to follow prescribed route only for delivery of load to a customer

• In case of accident while carrying load, transporter will be responsible for informing loading & receiving location and to lodge FIR, salvaging and delivery of product / shifting contaminated product to location. All expenses to be borne by transporter.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

• New guidelines applicable wef 1.6.2007• TDG forms part of Transport Contract• Applicable for all delivered supplies including

bridging• Carrier to provide TT fit to carry petroleum

products• Carriers to provide product sealing, locking,

electronic locking system as advised by oil companies

• Carrier to ensure VMU along with fittings & fixtures installed in TT for tracking is always kept in working condition.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

Tank Lorry Accident :

• Crew to inform nearest Police Station and all concerned

• Arrange transfer of product in another fit vehicle after approval from supply location

• Carrier to lodge FIR and submit accident report to base location. Non lodging of FIR and non reporting to location will be construed as a malpractice

• 1Lit x3 (1 Lit x 6 in case of MS) TMB samples shall be drawn from each compartment in presence of carrier/ crew. Locking/sealing of TT and sample containers and signing shall be done jointly by location & carrier/ TT crew. One set each shall be kept by Carrier and location and one shall be sent to Lab.

• Further disposal of product shall be based on Lab testing.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

Marker failure in TT sample• TT will be detained & loading location and

Sales Officer will be informed.• Marker test in presence of TT crew / Carrier• If product still fails, draw 1Lit x3 (1 Lit x 6 in

case of MS) samples from each compartment in presence of carrier/ crew & dealer

• Joint signing & sealing of sample containers and signing of sample tags in presence of carrier/ TT crew and dealer. One set each shall be kept by Carrier and dealer and one set shall be retained by SO/location.

• Prepare joint statement signed by all present mentioning compartment wise observed density and result of marker test

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

• TT would be sealed by SO/location and sent for disposal as directed

• Location sample to be tested for marker. If location sample is passing, action will be taken against transporter.

• For other compartments of TT, where marker test was passing, another set of samples will be sent for testing.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

Failure of Retail Outlet Sample in Marker

• If retail outlet product is found failing in marker test, retained tank lorry sample kept at the Retail Outlet shall be checked for marker. Dealer & carrier will be informed in advance to give them opportunity to witness testing.

• If retained tank lorry sample also fails, the location sample will be tested for marker. If location sample passes, action will be taken against the carrier.

• In all cases where the retail outlet sample is found to be off-spec, the product will have to be sent to the nearest refinery and entire cost will be borne by the party responsible; dealer or transporter.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

Security System found tampered at Outlet

• TT will be detained & and Sales Officer / loading location will be informed.

• SO/loading location will draw 1Lit x4 ( 8 in case of MS) samples from each comp. in presence of carrier/ crew & dealer. Sample containers shall be sealed and tags signed jointly with carrier/ TT crew and dealer. One set shall be sent to Lab, one each given to Carrier and dealer retaining fourth set.

• A Joint statement shall be prepared and signed by all present mentioning compartment wise observed density

• TT shall be sealed and further disposal shall be based on Lab report.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

If density at 15Deg C is more than +/- 3 Kg/Cu m

• TT will be detained & and Sales Officer / loading location will be informed.

• SO/loading location will draw 1Lit x4 ( 8 in case of MS) samples from each comp. in presence of carrier/ crew & dealer. Sample containers shall be sealed and tags signed jointly with carrier/ TT crew and dealer. One set shall be sent to Lab, one each given to Carrier and dealer retaining fourth set.

• A Joint statement shall be prepared and signed by all present mentioning compartment wise observed density

• TT shall be sealed and further disposal shall be based on Lab report.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

MALPRACTICES• Tampering with standard fittings of TT including

sealing, security locks/locking system, calibration, VMU or its fittings/fixtures

• Unauthorised deviation from specified route, Unauthorised delay, Unauthorised en-route stoppage, not reaching destination, over-speeding.

• Unauthorised use of TT for products other than petroleum products for which it is engaged

• Entering into contract on forged document/ false info

• Entering agreement for same TT with other Co• Pilferage/short receipt of product• Any act of carrier affecting image of

Co/products/services• Irregularity under WM Act• Not lodging of FIR in case of accident, submitting

accident report

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

DELIBERATE ATTEMPT• TT caught for malpractice shall be immediately

suspended. Investigation shall be carried out.• On investigation, if it is proved that TT crew

alone is responsible for malpractice, particular TT will be black-listed along with TT crew. However, if complicity of carrier is revealed, whole contract comprising of all TTs of party shall be terminated and TTs shall be blacklisted on industry basis.

• Upon second incidence of proven malpractice during tenure of contract, whole contract comprising of all TTs of party shall be terminated and TTs shall be blacklisted industry basis even though, the complicity of carrier is not proved.

• Period of blacklisting shall be 2 yrs. Depending on seriousness of incident, carrier/TT can be banned permanently.

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

PENALTIES:Suspension/blacklisting shall be along with TT crew.Unauthorised deviation from standard route: I instance: Suspension of TT for a week.II instance: Suspension of TT for 1 monthIII instance: TT shall be blacklisted on industry basisNot wearing seat belt, unauthorised stoppage enroute,

driving without helper:I instance: Suspension of TT for a dayII instance: Suspension of TT for a weekIII instance: Suspension of TT for a monthIV instance: TT shall be blacklisted on industry basisNon-functioning TT Extinguisher:I instance: Suspension of TT for a dayII instance: Suspension of TT for one weekIII instance: TT shall be blacklisted on industry basis

TRANSPORT DISCIPLINE GUIDELINES

Polluting environment due to product spillage from tilting or

leaky vehicle on road in case of accident/unsafe driving:I instance: Suspension of TT for a monthII instance: TT shall be blacklisted on industry basisAccident involving injury or damage to facilities at

workplace or accident involving injury during transportation on the road:

I Instance: Suspension of TT for a monthII instance: Suspension of TT for 3 months III instance: TT shall be blacklisted on industry basisFatal accident at the work place:TT shall be blacklisted on industry basisFatal accident on the road:I instance: Suspension of TT for 6 monthsII instance: TT shall be blacklisted on industry basis

New Developments

• Automation

• CCTV

• VMS/Seal delivery system

• E-payment

• Transporter’s Portal

• Branding

•OMC is the first in Oil Industry to introduce VMS system and the only company among Oil PSUs to have Electrical Sealing System.

•System facilitates monitoring of tank truck movement from depot to retail outlet and back on real time basis to ensure delivery of correct quantity and quality (Q&Q) of product.

•Possibility of locating position of TT and communication with TT help improve overall operational efficiency.

•Currently system provided for all Co TTs and dealer-owned TTs. System being provided on all contractor’s TTs.

Q&Q EFFORTS

VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

GPS Satellite

Base Station

GSM Network

VEHICLE MOVEMENT IS IDENTIFIED OVER AREA MAPS (GIS) THROUGH GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM AND THROUGH MOBILE COMMUNICATION

(GSM) TO BASE COMPUTER

VEHICLE MOUNTING

UNIT

VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

COMPONENTS OF VMS

• GPS (Global Positioning System) • GSM (Global System for Mobile communication)• GPRS (Global Packet Radio Service) • VMU (Vehicle Mounted Unit)• GIS (Geographical Information System) • Electric Seal Monitoring System with Sensors• Software Application

VEHICLE MOUNTED UNIT (VMU)

COMPONENTS :COMPONENTS :

GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM CONNECTING TOGPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM CONNECTING TO SATELLITE), SATELLITE), GSM (GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION)GSM (GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION) SOFTWARE FOR LINKING GPS / GSM WITH GIS SOFTWARE FOR LINKING GPS / GSM WITH GIS (GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM) FOR DATA(GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM) FOR DATA AND VOICE TRANSFER TO BASE STATION .AND VOICE TRANSFER TO BASE STATION .

MIS REPORTS

• Speed Violation Report • Operating Duration Report • Route Report • Halt Report • Distance Traveled Report • Trip-wise Distance Traveled Report • Seal Status Report to monitor the change

in seal status during a specified time interval

ELECTRONIC SEAL MONITORING SYSTEM

OPERATION OF SEAL MONITORING SYSTEM

Proximity Sensor

Wire to VMU

Diagram above shows status of seal monitoring sensors when Dome cover is closed and open. As shown in figure, in closed condition, metal part will be in contact with proximity sensor. In dome opened condition, no metal part will be in contact with proximity sensor. If no metal is sensed, corresponding input will

be send to VMU.

Hinge

Dome cover closed

Dome cover open

MARKER DOPING

Marker - A chemical added to SKO to detect adulteration in MS/HSD.

• Supplied by M/s SGS at all the Marketing locations.

• Doping - Either in SKO storage tanks or mixed with blue dye, wherever blue dye is added separately

• Very sensitive. Can detect even 1% presence of SKO.

• Special precautions are taken by locations to ensure that the marked SKO is not mixed with MS/HSD at any stage viz. TTs normally used for transportation of SKO are not to be used for MS/HSD transportation.

• The product collected in OWS/Slop should not be allowed to mix with product in tanks.

• Doping rate 5 ppm (5 ml per KL or 5 lit per 1000 KL)

CAPTUREANTIBODIESBOUND TOGEL

EXTRACTION CONTAINING MARKER

Kerosene

Mark

Test Fuel

1. PRINCIPLES

MARKER IDENTIFIED OR

ANALYSED

Lab Test

Field Test

Mark Kerosene at Terminals. Test for marker

- at Retail outlets- at other targeted sites

MS/HSD at Depot

Kerosene .

Retail Outlet Product

Retail Outlet Product

Adulteration

Observe Colour on Column

“On-Site” Analysis Test Kit

• Sample Bottles :- These are Aluminium bottles to draw samples at Terminal / Retail Outlets.

• Extraction Buffer :- To extract marker molecules from the product.

• Extraction Bottles :- To mix product sample & Extraction buffer.

• Syringes :- To push extracted liquid through Test Column.

• Test Columns• Adapters :- For Fitting Test Column on

Syringes.• Column reuse – upto 20 times (-ve results)

No Marker – Legal Sample

Marker – Illegal Sample

UNIQUE ANTIBODY RECOGNITION

ETHANOL BLENDED PETROL (GASOHOL)

Gasoline blended with Ethyl Alcohol•Boost to the Agricultural Sector.•Helps in improving air quality.•Improvement in Octane rating.•Saving of valuable foreign exchange•Higher conductivity results in lower risk of static charge•At present ethanol is blended @ 5% by volume with MS•Denaturant is added by supplier before supplying Ethanol to oil companies

GASOHOL ADDITIVES

ETHANOL * Strong oxidizing agent. * Accelerates metal corrosion. * Tends to speed up the gum formation

Corrosion inhibitor : 10 ppm in MS. (200 ppm in Ethanol)Metal de-activator : 5 ppm in MS. (100 ppm in Ethanol)

• Additives are mixed in ethanol tank.• Additised Ethanol doped in MS.• Absence of additives in Gasohol may lead to severe

problems in end-use.• Totally soluble in water

ETHANOL -Precautions

• Ensure that there is no water in MS tanks• Check tanks for presence of water daily• Use Silica gel trap in vent pipe • All threaded fittings of tank/piping system to

be water tight• Fill pipe/dip pipe must be raised sufficiently

high to prevent ingress of water• Silica gel should be checked weekly. Normal

colour of Silica Gel is blue. After moisture absorption, it turns pink.

PRODUCT SAMPLING

SAMPLING PROCEDURES

Securing representative quantities from a part or from the whole of a quantity of material for:

1. Visual examination / short tests.2. Laboratory inspection.3. Preservation of records.4. For purpose of calculating weight or volume.

TYPES OF SAMPLES

1 All level sample Closed sampler to be submerged and opened near draw off level and raised at a uniform rate such that it is nearly full when it comes out.

2 Top sample Drawn below 15 cms. From top surface of product.

3 Upper sample 1/6th of the depth of product below top surface in a tank.

4 Middle sample ½ Of the depth of product below top surface in a tank.

5 Lower sample 5/6th of the depth of product below top surface in a tank.

TYPES OF SAMPLES 6 Composite

sampleA. Mixture of equal quantity of

upper – middle – lower samples. (>12’)

B. Upper & lower samples (6’ – 12’).

C. Middle sample (<6’).

7 Bottom sample Sample taken from lowest part of the tank.

SAMPLING AIDS.

Sampling jar

Bottom sampling thief.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR SAMPLING

1. Samples shall not include material other than that to be sampled.

2. Only aluminium containers should be used and should be sealed.

3. Sample should be drawn using proper sampling

equipment.

4. Samples shall be drawn through gauge hatches or sampling hatches giving direct and unconfined access to the bulk of the product.

5. Hydrometers/thermometers used during sampling should be calibrated and valid caliberation certificate should be available.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR SAMPLING

6. Strainers and filters shall not be used in preparation of samples.

7. Use clean and dry container and equipment, container should not be leaky.

8. Use separate sampling equipment for each product.

9. Rinse equipment and container prior to filling with the same product.

10. Leave expansion space.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR SAMPLING

11. Close container tightly

12. Attach appropriate labels to containers with all details on the spot.

13. Seal the container in presence of party concerned.

14. In case of MDG samples, samples should reach lab within 10 days.

15. In case of MDG samples, 3-tier samples should be sent together.

SPECIFICATIONS

ALL FUELS & SOLVENTS MEET ISI SPECS.

• PETROL - IS 2796 – 2000*• SKO - IS 1459 - 1974• HSD - IS 1460 - 2005 • LDO - IS 1460 - 2000• IFO - IS 1593 - 1982• SOLVENT 1425 - IS 1745 - 1978• SOLVENT 2445 - IS 1745 - 1978• HEXANE - IS 3470 - 2002• ATF - IS 1571 - 2001• FINIT - IS 1824 – 1978

* WITH AMENDMENT IN 2005

BIS Specifications for Motor Gasoline IS:2796-2000

Characteristics Unit BS II Requirement

Euro III Requirement

Colour Orange Orange

Density at 15 deg. C kg/m3 710 to 770 720 to 775

Distillation.

a)Recovery upto 70oC

%vol 10 to 45 10 to 45

b)Recovery upto 100oC

%vol 40 to 70 40 to 70

c)Recovery upto 180 deg. C

%vol 90 min 75 min (Recovery upto 150 deg.)

d)Final boiling point Deg C 215 max 210 max

BIS Specifications for Motor Gasoline (Contd) IS:2796-2000

Characteristics Unit BS II Requirement

Euro III Requirement

e) Residue %vol 2 max 2 max

Research Octane Number (RON)

88 min. 91 min.

Sulphur total %wt 0.05 max for notified area

0.015 max

0.10 max for the rest

Copper strip corrosion for 3 hrs at 50 deg. C

Rating Not worse than 1 Not worse than 1

BIS Specifications for Diesel IS:1460-2005

Characteristics Unit BS II Requirement

Euro III Requirement

Cetane number ---- 51.0 min.

Pour Point Deg. C Winter + 3 max. Winter + 3 max

Copper strip corrosion for 3 h at 100 deg. C

Not worse than 1 Not worse than 1

Distillation recovery

a)At 350 deg. C % v/v 85 min. 95 min. (Recovery at 360 deg.)

b)At 370 deg. C % v/v 95 min. ---

Flash Point (Abel) Deg. C 35 min. 35 min.

BIS Specifications for Diesel (Contd.) IS:1460-2005

Characteristics Unit BS II Requirement Euro III Requirement

Kinematic Viscosity at 40dg. C

Cst 2.0 to 5.0 2.0 to 4.5

Density at 15 deg. C Kg/m3 820 to 860 820 to 845

Total sulphur mg/kg 500 max 350 max

QUALITY CONTROL QUALITY CONTROL SIGNIFICANCE OF TESTSSIGNIFICANCE OF TESTS

COLOURCOLOUR

Used For Manufacturing Control Purposes. Used For Manufacturing Control Purposes. Readily Observed By Customer.Readily Observed By Customer.Variation Beyond Established Range Indicates Variation Beyond Established Range Indicates Contamination/AdulterationContamination/Adulteration

PHYSICAL TESTSAPPEARANCE

Appearance : Visual Observation

Bright & Clear : Good Product, Free from Contamination

Hazy/Cloudy : Presence Of Sediment, water and/or Wax

DISTILLATIONDISTILLATION

The Significance Of Distillation Is Based On Close Relationship To The Significance Of Distillation Is Based On Close Relationship To VolatilityVolatility

- Helps Detection Of Adulteration Of Product- Helps Detection Of Adulteration Of Product

DISTILLATION TEMPERATURESDISTILLATION TEMPERATURES

INITIAL BOILING POINT (IBP)

The temperature at which the first drop of distillate is collected in the measuring cylinder.

END POINT OR FINAL BOILING POINT (FBP)

The highest temperature recorded during the distillation process.

DRY POINT

The temperature at which the last drop evaporates and the distillation flask becomes dry during the distillation process.

DISTILLATION TEMPERATUREDISTILLATION TEMPERATURE (continued)(continued)

RECOVERY

The total volume of distillate recovered in the cylinder.

RESIDUE

Material remained in the flask after distillation. If residue is high it gives the indication of impurity.

FLASH POINTFLASH POINT

Important Indication Of Fire And Explosion Important Indication Of Fire And Explosion HazardHazard

FLASH POINTFLASH POINT

It is the temperature to which the oil must be heated under specified test conditions to give off sufficient vapours to form a mixture which will ignite in the presence of a source of ignition

Flash point test gives an indication of presence of volatile components in an oil.

POUR POINTPOUR POINT

An indicator of the ability of oil to flow under An indicator of the ability of oil to flow under cold operating conditionscold operating conditions

POUR POINTPOUR POINT

Pour Point: The lowest temperature at which oil will just flow under specific test conditions.

It's use is for low temperature application.

Pour Point of waxy oils can be reduced by adding Pour Point Depressants (PPD)

Pour Point Controls Flow Characteristics And Pumpability Property

VISCOSITYVISCOSITY

Viscosity: A measure of fluid’s resistance to flow. Viscosity: A measure of fluid’s resistance to flow.

Viscosity and its variation with temperature are Viscosity and its variation with temperature are important factors for establishing performance important factors for establishing performance standard of lube oilsstandard of lube oils

VISCOSITYVISCOSITY

Measure Of Flow Characteristics.

Viscosity Changes With Temperature.

It Forms By The Cohesion Of Force Of Molecules.

As The Pressure Increases Viscosity Increases.

Viscosity Increase In Used Oil Indicates The Oil Has Oxidised.Viscosity Decrease Usually Indicates Fuel Dilution .

RESEARCH OCTANE NUMBERRESEARCH OCTANE NUMBER

A measure of fuel’s ability to prevent A measure of fuel’s ability to prevent detonation in A spark ignition engine detonation in A spark ignition engine

OCTANE NOOCTANE NO......

Product Min requirement

BS II MS 88

Euro III MS 91

If anti-knock rating is too low knock occurs. Knock is A high pitch metallic rapping noise.

Knock depends on complex physical and chemical phenomena; highly inter-related with engine design and operating conditions.

Knock – A form of abnormal combustion where air/fuel charge in the cylinder ignites spontaneously in a localised area instead of being consumed progressively by the spark initiated flame front.

Knocking combustion can damage the engine and give serious power loss if allowed to persist.

OCTANE NO...OCTANE NO...

BRANDED FUELS

WHY BEING DONE

• Tighter Emission Norms

• Changes In Engine Designs

• Changes In Metallurgy Of The Engine

• Use Of Cat Convertors

• Fuel Efficiency

• Increased Power

ALL THIS HAS LED TO

• Decreased Fuel Stability

• Decreased Compatibility

• Increased Octane Requirements

• Poor Driveability And Durability

• Extended Refineries And Technology Of Refining To Maximum

PETROL PLUSPETROL PLUS

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTIONPremium Multifunctional Additive for Petrol

FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS•Keeps Fuel Injectors and Carburetors free of gum and carbon deposits•Keeps the intake valves,spark plugs,fuel pump and other fuel system components free of any deposits.•Cleans up the existing deposits from the engine•Maintains accurate injection spray pattern.

RECOMMENDED DOSAGERECOMMENDED DOSAGE290 ml per KL of Petrol600 ml per KL of GasoholDosing is done preferably using on-line dosing system

PETROL PLUSPETROL PLUS

DIESEL PLUSDIESEL PLUS

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTIONPremium Multifunctional Additive for Diesel

APPLICATION AREASAPPLICATION AREASRecommended for use with Diesel Fuel in all types of diesel vehicles

SPECIAL FEATURESSPECIAL FEATURES•Reduced Exhaust Emissions•Improved Fuel Economy•Improved Fuel Stability during Storage•Improved Lubricity particularly in low sulphur diesels•Corrosion Protection•Easy water separability from fuel.

RECOMMENDED DOSAGERECOMMENDED DOSAGE460/560 ml per KL of DieselDosing is done on-line

BENEFITS

• Improved Fuel Economy

• Fuel Injection Cleanliness

• Improved Fuel Stability

• Reduced Exhaust Emissions

• Dispersancy For Insoluble Gum

• Improved Lubricity

• Corrosion Protection

• Prevention Of Stable Fuel Water Emulsions

• Reduction In Foam

THANK YOU