departmental report 12/2002
TRANSCRIPT
Enterprise ArchitecturePlanning
(EAP)
Administrative Computing Services12/17/2002
Dec 17, 2002 2
Topics
• What is Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP)?
• What is an EA used for?
• Why should we do it?
Dec 17, 2002 3
A comprehensive blueprint of an organization by which we analyze and plan changes and make additions.
The structure of (Enterprise) components and their relationships, as well as principles and guidelines governing their evolution over time.
A common understanding, of the names and definitions of our organization’s entities.
MOST IMPORTANTLY: THE MODELS
... We need to build a new application…What do we have already in place? Impact?
What is an Enterprise Architecture?
Dec 17, 2002 4
The EA is a strategic asset repository which defines the current and target architecture environments, including:
•the business (processes),
•the information (data or entities),
•the technology, and
•the transitional processes that keeps all aligned.
Emphasis on Logical, not Technological…Technology will always change
Beware of Protocol Gas!
What is an Enterprise Architecture?
Source: Federal Conceptual Architecture model
Dec 17, 2002 5
Example: Technical Blueprint
Dec 17, 2002 6
Example: Organizational Data/Entities
Dec 17, 2002 7
Example: Organizational Data Attributes
Dec 17, 2002 8
EAP Consists of...
•A standard methodology
•A standard framework
•A standard set of templates
•A repository
•A change management process
Dec 17, 2002 9
Methodology adopted: “Guiding Principles”
•Conceptual Guiding Principles for all Architecture Domains •Specific Domain Architecture Guiding Principles
Commercial-Off-The-Shelf SolutionsDeveloped ApplicationsMiddlewareNetworkPlatformsSecurityDatabasesOperations Management
Dec 17, 2002 10
Adopted “Sliding Window” Technology Change Management Methodology
•Matrix for a 4-year, 16-quarter sliding window within which the various recommendations for the Specific Domain Architectures are documented.
•Document which components should be researched, piloted, invested in, maintained but not upgraded, disinvested, obsoleted, and rejected.
•Planning Architecture Governance and Change Management Procedures
Dec 17, 2002 11
Adopted Baseline Reference Technology
•J2EE
•XML
•LDAP Directory
•Business Portal (uPortal) as application development and integration framework
Dec 17, 2002 12
Adopted Zachman’s Framework for Information Systems Architecture
Dec 17, 2002 13
Topics
What is Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP)?
• What is an EA used for?
• Why should we do it?
Dec 17, 2002 14
•Investment decisions, vendor selection
•Modeling
•Analysis
•Requirements definition
•Planning
•Describing, understanding, and communicating
What is an EA used for?
Dec 17, 2002 15
What is an EA used for?
• Promote interoperable and cost-effective systems
• Provide the rules, guidance and governance for buying or developing systems and managing change
• Ensure a common denominator for understanding, describing, comparing, and integrating systems
• Provide a mechanism for managing complexity.
Dec 17, 2002 16
Architecture Defines the Transitional Roadmap
Source: Federal Conceptual Architecture model
Dec 17, 2002 17
Topics
What is Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP)?
What is an EA used for?
• Why should we do it?
•Too much work!
•Too difficult!
•Too many deadlines!
Dec 17, 2002 18
Non-optimum HRIS Situation
DATA
ApplicantTracking
DATA
Staffing Management( Job Description
, , Builder QuickRec)FastClass
Employee Evaluation
DATA
Training.Mgmt
DATA
Payroll
DATA
Budgeting
DATA
Dec 17, 2002 19
CompetencyModeling
Staffing Management( Job Description
, , Builder QuickRec)FastClass
Optimum Situation
EmployeeEvaluation
TrainingMgmt.
Payroll
ApplicantTracking
Budgeting
DATA
Integrated Systems and Data
Dec 17, 2002 20
Non-optimum Payquest
Billing Agency
Info
AdComPayquest
Billing Agency
Info
Gastroenterology
Pediatrics
Billing
Agency Info
Dec 17, 2002 21
CompetencyModeling
Gastroenterology
Optimum Payquest Situation
TrainingMgmt.
Pediatrics
AdCom Payquest
Any department
Billing Agency Info in LDAP Directory
Integrated Data and Access Control
Eudora
Any LDAP compliant software( , , DralaWorkflow uPortal
)Expresso
Dec 17, 2002 22
Present “Stovepipes”
Source: Federal Conceptual Architecture model
Dec 17, 2002 23
Desired State
Source: Federal Conceptual Architecture model
Dec 17, 2002 24
Target
Source: Federal Conceptual Architecture model
Dec 17, 2002 25
How do we get to the Target?
• Understand our challenges, goals and “Guiding Principles”.
• Apply and maintain “16-quarter Sliding Window” technology management Matrix for Domain Architectures (Security, COTS, etc).
• Build in Reference Technology (J2EE, XML, LDAP, Portal)
• Populate Zachman Framework Row 1 - the Planner’s perspective.
• Work with our business units to populate Zachman Framework Row 2 - the “Stakeholder’s” perspective (business models).
• Understand where we take “shortcuts”, why, and for how long.
• Plan, organize and commit.
• Communicate.
Dec 17, 2002 26
•Applications in different technologies•Redundant code, redundant data with multiple uses•Redundant security, user/group management •30 year old systems•Alignment with business needs not timely•Data quality issues•Costly integration•Customized development of application instead of
assembly from “parts” •Funding (State Budgets depend on explicit EAP ) •Projects done without architecture planning cost
significantly more in long term (John Zachman)•Without it, we can’t understand impact of change.
Why? Too much work! Impossible!
Dec 17, 2002 27
Benefits to the Business of planned systems
• More responsive to customer’s needs
• Reduced data-entry costs
• Efficient systems maintenance means improved service.
• Architectures eliminate complex costly interfaces between incongruent systems
• Management decisions in all functional areas will be based on more accurate and timely data, leading to various improvements and cost-saving measures
• New systems are developed faster and at less cost due to common data, common code, and a shortened requirements phase
• Easier to evaluate and select vendor SW packages
Source: Enterprise Architecture PlanningSteven Spewak
Dec 17, 2002 28
Conclusion
What is Enterprise Architecture Planning?
What is an EA used for?
Why should we do it?
MOST IMPORTANTLY: THE MODELS
... We need to build a new application…What do we have already in place? Impact?
Dec 17, 2002 29
"You may think this is too much work…Or, it takes too long
And it costs too muchOr is too theoretical
Or too high riskOr too whatever.
However, if that’s your assessment…You can’t complain that
the systems aren’t “aligned” with the enterprise,orare inflexible,
or cost too much,or that vital information is not available,
or that the data you get isn’t any good, or too late,or you can’t change anything,
or that I/S is slow and unresponsive…and, I am here to tell you
Outsourcing isn’t going to fix the problem.Packages (in themselves) won’t fix the problem.
Decentralization won’t fix the problem.And, the Internet isn’t going to fix the problem.
No amount of money, Ortechnology is going to fix the problem!
It is NOT a technical problem, it is an ENTERPRISE problem.
Only ACTUAL WORK is going to fix the problem, and“Someday, you are going to wish you had all those models,
Enterprise wide,horizontally and vertically integrated,
at excruciating level of detail.”You might as well start working on them TODAY!!!
John Zachman
Zachman reflections on EA Planning
Dec 17, 2002 30
Benefits
Facilitates information services that provide:
flexibilityinteroperabilityreliabilitysurvivabilityaffordabilitysustainabilityportability reusabilityadaptabilitycompatibility
Dec 17, 2002 31
Business Benefits of EAP
• Focus on strategic use of technology for managing data as an asset
• Standard vocabulary facilitates communication and reduces inconsistency and data redundancy
• Documentation increases understanding of the business
• Models can be used to explain the business and assess the impact of business changes
• Decision making policies can be reviewed
• It allows for a comprehensive, objective and impartial approach
• The long range systems plan compliments the business plan
• It involves a feasible migration strategy with short term achievements
• It is easier to assess the benefits and impact of new systems and software
• It allows easier accommodation of dynamic business changes
• Management participation provides a business prospective, credibility, confidence
Source: Enterprise Architecture PlanningSteven Spewak
Dec 17, 2002 32
PERSON PLACE THING EVENT CONCEPTCG MEMBER CG ORGANIZATION COAST GUARD ASSET MARITIME ACCIDENT REGULATIONAUXILIARIST NAVIGABLE WATERS ATON COASTAL INTRUSION LAWMARINER GOVERNMENT FACILITIES COMMERCIAL VESSEL RESPONSE ACTIVITIES STANDARDSRECREATIONAL BOATERS AIR RECREATIONAL BOAT ATON DISCREPENCY DIRECTIVECONTRACTORS BRIDGES PORT FACILITY PREVENTION ACTIVITIES PLANGOVERNMENT CONTACTS REGULATED MANUFACTURERS ICEBERG DEFENSE OPERATIONS MISSIONREGULATED MANUFACTURERS HAZARDOUS MATERIAL ACQUISITION LEGAL REQUIREMENTCASUALTY CUSTOMER ASSET SUPPORT OPERATIONS INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT
BUDGET BUDGET BUILD POLITICSRADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM CASESUPPORT ASSETSTRAINING/EDUCATION PROGRAMSCASEMETA DATAFUNDS
Examples - Entities
Source: U.S. Coast Guard Information Architecture
A distinguishable - person - about which information is kept. place, thing, event, concept
Dec 17, 2002 33
Work involved...
• Refine goals, objective, principles
• Establish membership
• Identify a methodology
• Identify a framework
• Identify resources
• Define deliverables
• Refine timeline
Dec 17, 2002 34
Technical Reference Model - A common framework, probably conceptual, todefine a common vocabulary so as to better develop and aquire some level ofsupport. It would provide you with a representation of the domain showingcommonality and integration and interoperability.
Common Operating Environment - The set of capabilities that would allow youto address the suite of integration products that you need to ensure acohesive framework of systems for development. Like the DII COE addressarchitecture, standards, software reuse, shared data, interoperability,portability, configuration management and integration.
Standards Roadmap - It would start with a common set of mandatory standardsand guidelines. It would then be tailored to the development that wasbeing implemented. So it would be the "building codes" that would bereviewed and selected to facilitate the development of the system orsystems needed to be built. (A Technical Architecture View for aparticular area (Defense Transportation System) starting from the DOD JointTechnical Architecture.)
Dick Webb, ASD(C3I)
Definitions - Miscellaneous