Department of MeteorologyDepartment of MeteorologyEötvös Loránd UniversityEötvös Loránd University

Budapest, HungaryBudapest, Hungary

Department of MeteorologyDepartment of MeteorologyEötvös Loránd UniversityEötvös Loránd University

Budapest, HungaryBudapest, Hungary

Judit Bartholy, Rita PongráczJudit Bartholy, Rita PongráczJudit Bartholy, Rita PongráczJudit Bartholy, Rita Pongrácz

SUBJECTIVE SYNOPTIC CLASSIFICATIONS: SUBJECTIVE SYNOPTIC CLASSIFICATIONS:

HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”,HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”,

PÉCZELY CLASSIFICATIONPÉCZELY CLASSIFICATION

SUBJECTIVE SYNOPTIC CLASSIFICATIONS: SUBJECTIVE SYNOPTIC CLASSIFICATIONS:

HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”,HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”,

PÉCZELY CLASSIFICATIONPÉCZELY CLASSIFICATION

HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”

Subjective classification from Subjective classification from 19521952

available daily codes: available daily codes: 1881-2007 1881-2007

Coding by: Coding by: German Met. Service (DWD)German Met. Service (DWD)

1. Parameters used? 1. Parameters used? SLP, AT-500SLP, AT-500

2. Specific program/software available? 2. Specific program/software available? No and yesNo and yes

Reproducible? Reproducible? NoNo

3. Computer programming skill needed? 3. Computer programming skill needed? No and yesNo and yes

4. Time and computer power? 4. Time and computer power? N/AN/A

5. Number of classes? 5. Number of classes? 29+1 – possibly reduced by clustering29+1 – possibly reduced by clustering

6. Key patterns? 6. Key patterns? Subjective definitionSubjective definition

7. Distance/similarity measure? 7. Distance/similarity measure? No –No – EuclideanEuclidean

HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”HESS-BREZOWSKY „GROSSWETTERLAGEN”

Subjective classification from Subjective classification from 19521952

available daily codes: available daily codes: 1881-2007 1881-2007

Coding by: Coding by: German Met. Service (DWD)German Met. Service (DWD)

1. Parameters used? 1. Parameters used? SLP, AT-500SLP, AT-500

2. Specific program/software available? 2. Specific program/software available? No and yesNo and yes

Reproducible? Reproducible? NoNo

3. Computer programming skill needed? 3. Computer programming skill needed? No and yesNo and yes

4. Time and computer power? 4. Time and computer power? N/AN/A

5. Number of classes? 5. Number of classes? 29+1 – possibly reduced by clustering29+1 – possibly reduced by clustering

6. Key patterns? 6. Key patterns? Subjective definitionSubjective definition

7. Distance/similarity measure? 7. Distance/similarity measure? No –No – EuclideanEuclidean

Coding process of

Hess-Brezowsky

classification

Area of consideration:00 (COST733)

Target area: 07 (COST733)

07

List of Hess-Brezowsky MCP types

(29)------------------------Dominant flow:

• 4 zonal • 7 mixed

• 18 meridional------------------------C/A dominance:

• 16 cyclonic • 13 anticyclonic

Hess-Brezowsky MCP typesSeasonal and annual frequency of cyclonic and anticyclonic patterns

DJF MAM JJA SON year

Cyclonic 60% 60% 53% 53% 57%

Anticyclonic 40% 40% 47% 47% 43%

PÉCZELY MCP TYPESPÉCZELY MCP TYPES

Subjective classification from Subjective classification from 19571957

available daily codes: available daily codes: 1881-2007 1881-2007

Coding by: Coding by: György Péczely (Szeged) / Csaba Károssy (Szombathely)György Péczely (Szeged) / Csaba Károssy (Szombathely)

1. Parameters used? 1. Parameters used? SLPSLP

2. Specific program/software available? 2. Specific program/software available? No and yesNo and yes

Reproducible? Reproducible? NoNo

3. Computer programming skill needed? 3. Computer programming skill needed? No and yesNo and yes

4. Time and computer power? 4. Time and computer power? N/AN/A

5. Number of classes? 5. Number of classes? 13 – possibly reduced by clustering13 – possibly reduced by clustering

6. Key patterns? 6. Key patterns? Subjective definitionSubjective definition

7. Distance/similarity measure? 7. Distance/similarity measure? No –No – EuclideanEuclidean

PÉCZELY MCP TYPESPÉCZELY MCP TYPES

Subjective classification from Subjective classification from 19571957

available daily codes: available daily codes: 1881-2007 1881-2007

Coding by: Coding by: György Péczely (Szeged) / Csaba Károssy (Szombathely)György Péczely (Szeged) / Csaba Károssy (Szombathely)

1. Parameters used? 1. Parameters used? SLPSLP

2. Specific program/software available? 2. Specific program/software available? No and yesNo and yes

Reproducible? Reproducible? NoNo

3. Computer programming skill needed? 3. Computer programming skill needed? No and yesNo and yes

4. Time and computer power? 4. Time and computer power? N/AN/A

5. Number of classes? 5. Number of classes? 13 – possibly reduced by clustering13 – possibly reduced by clustering

6. Key patterns? 6. Key patterns? Subjective definitionSubjective definition

7. Distance/similarity measure? 7. Distance/similarity measure? No –No – EuclideanEuclidean

Coding process of Péczely

classification

Area of consideration:00 (COST733)

Target area: Carpathian basin

southern 07 and northern 10

(COST733)

07

10

List of Péczely MCP types (13)

----------------------Dominant flow:

• 5 zonal • 2 central

• 6 meridional------------------------C/A dominance:

• 6 cyclonic • 7 anticyclonic

Meridional, northern types(1) Cold front with meridional flow (mCc)(2) Anticyclone over the British Isles (AB) (3) Cold front arising from a Mediterranean cyclone (CMc)

Meridional, southern types(4) Warm front arising from a meridional cyclone (mCw) (5) Anticyclone located east of the Carpathian Basin (Ae) (6) Warm front arising from a Mediterranean cyclone (CMw)

Zonal, western types(7) Zonal cyclone (zC) (8) Anticyclone located west of the Carpathian Basin (Aw) (9) Anticyclone located south of the Carpathian Basin (As)

Zonal, eastern types(10) Anticyclone located north of the Carpathian Basin (An) (11) Anticyclone located over the Scandinavian Peninsula (AF)

Central types(12) Anticyclone located over the Carpathian Basin (A) (13) Cyclone located above the Carpathian Basin (C)

Typical sea-level pressure maps of the Péczely MCP typesSubjective classification using 13 types

Definition: Gy. Péczely - 1957

Cyclonic (mCc, CMc, mCw, CMw, zC, C) and Anticyclonic (AB, Ae, As, Aw, An, AF, A) dominance is separated(relative frequencies are 34% and 66%, resp.)

mCc AB

Ae As

Aw An AF A

CMc

CMwmCw zC

C

7%, mostly in summer 6%, more in summer 3%, more in spring

9%, more in spring

The annual mean relative frequency is determined using the 1961-1990 baseperiod

13%, more in autumn / winter

8%, more in winter / spring

4%, more in winter 5%, more in winter

16%, more in summer 12%, less in autumn 4%, more in summer 11%, more in summer / autumn

2%, more in spring / summer

Péczely MCP typesSeasonal and annual frequency of cyclonic and anticyclonic patterns

DJF MAM JJA SON year

Cyclonic 34% 41% 30% 30% 34%

Anticyclonic 66% 59% 70% 70% 66%