Dentistry (2012-2018)o6u Dentistry (2012-2018)o6u www.facebook.com/groups/asnan.6octwww.facebook.com/groups/asnan.6oct

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- Teeth Are Arranged In The Oral Cavity In Two Arches Called TheDental Arches One

Lower And One Upper .- The Upper Arch Is Called TheMaxillaMaxilla

The Teeth In This Arch Are Called Upper Upper Or OrMaxillary TeethMaxillary Teeth..

- The Lower Arch Is Called TheMandibleMandible The Teeth In This Arch Are CalledLowerLower Or Or Mandibular TeethMandibular Teeth..

- Each Dental Arch Has A Midline That Divides The Arch Into Two Approximately Equal Right And Left Segments Named As

Quadrant. - There AreFour Quadrants In The Entire

Oral Cavity.

-Teeth Are Arranged In The Oral Cavity In Two Arches Called The Dental Arches One

Lower And One Upper .-The Upper Arch Is Called The MaxillaMaxilla

The Teeth In This Arch Are Called Upper Upper Or Or Maxillary TeethMaxillary Teeth..

-The Lower Arch Is Called The MandibleMandible The Teeth In This Arch Are Called LowerLower Or Or Mandibular TeethMandibular Teeth..

-Each Dental Arch Has A Midline That Divides The Arch Into Two Approximately Equal Right And Left Segments Named As

Quadrant. -There Are Four Quadrants In The Entire

Oral Cavity.

Dental Arches And Quadrants

Types and Forms of Teeth

Humans have two dentitions1-The primary dentition1-The primary dentition: (: (deciduous deciduous ))

20 teeth. 10 maxillary and 10 mandibular .5 teeth are present in each quadrant.

2 incisors.1 canine .

and 2 molars.

The dental formula is: 2 1 2 I --- C ---- M ---- = 10 2 1 2

2-The permanent dentition2-The permanent dentition::((secondary, adultsecondary, adult or orsuccedaneoussuccedaneous ) )32 teeth, 16 maxillary and 16 mandibular.8 teeth in each quadrant are Present. 2 incisors. 1 canine. 2 premolars. and 3 molars. The dental formula is : 2 1 2 3 I ---- C ---- PM --- M ---- = 16 2 1 2 3 The permanent molarspermanent molars are not preceeded with deciduous teethso they may be termed as non-non-succedaneous teethsuccedaneous teeth.

Deciduous dentition period starts from 6 months till 6 years ( the eruption of the first permanent tooth). From 6 years to 12 years is a mixed dentition period where the deciduous teeth replaced by permanent teeth.

Grouping of Teeth

The teeth in the arch can be grouped as follow:

1- Anterior teeth (Incisors and canines).

2- Posterior teeth (premolars and molars).

Anterior teeth

Posterior teeth

Function Of Teeth1- Mastication

2- Appearance

3- Speech

4- Growth of jaws

5- For animals

1)The universal numbering system:.The number is always preceded by the sign # to designate that the system is used for universal system.

Permanent teeth (1 – 32)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17

Numbering and coding systems of the teeth

Deciduous teeth (1 – 20)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

OR Deciduous teeth (A - T)

A B C D E F G H I J

T S R Q P O N M L K

☻When we use numbers for deciduous teeth we have to put (d) beside the number e.g. # 5d

The universal numbering system

2) Palmer Notation System:

It represents the four quadrants of the dentition as if you are facing the patient.

Upper right Upper left

Lower right Lower left

☻The permanent teeth are numbered from 1-8 on each side from the midline.

Upper right Upper left 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Lower right Lower left

1 12 23 34 45 56 67 7

8 8

1 12 2 334 45 56 67 7

8 8

The deciduous teeth are lettered from A-E on each side from the midline.

Upper right Upper left E D C B A A B C D E E D C B A A B C D E Lower right Lower left

ABCDE

ABCDE

Palmer Notation System

The teeth are designed by using binomial systems:a. The first number of the code is located at the left

side and indicates the quadrant.In the permanent dentition.

U.R. 1 2 U.L.

L.R. 4 3 L.L.

In the deciduous dentition.

U.R 5 6 U.L.

L.R. 8 7 L.L.

3 -The Federation Dentaire international (FDI)(Two digit system)

b- The second number is located at the right side and indicates the number of the tooth in the quadrant according to Palmer’s.

☻The two numbers should be pronounced separately.

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

Permanent teeth

Deciduous teeth

55 54 53 52 51 61 62 63 64 65

85 84 83 82 81 71 72 73 74 75