dense wavelength division multiplexing.ppt
DESCRIPTION
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing.pptTRANSCRIPT
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Muhammad Ayub Tareen
Theory
What we will cover
• WDM Overview• Optical Fiber Transmission Characteristics• Key technologies of DWDM• Technical Specifications
Background
WDM
TDM
SDM
PDH
SDH
DWDM
155M 622M 2.5G 10G
G.957 G.691
G.692
PDH, SDH and DWDM
IPIP
ATMATM
SDHSDH
DWDMPhysical Fiber
DWDMPhysical Fiber
Open Optical InterfaceOpen Optical Interface
SDHSDH ATMATM IPIP OtherOther
Relationship between DWDM and Other Services
WDM Definition
• WDM enables transmitting multiple optical carriers with information (analog or digital) on one fiber
N
2
1
N
2
1
N21
OMU ODU
OA
DWDM Concept
Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)
Power (dBm)
1529 - 1560nm λ(nm)
wavelength interval : 0.8 ~ 2nm
DWDM System
OTU1OTU1OTU1OTU1
┇Input
Ch 1
Ch N
Ch 1
Ch N
λλ11
λλn n
OTUnOTUnOTUnOTUn
OM
UO
MU BABA LALA PAPA
OD
UO
DU
λλ11
λλn n
OTU1OTU1OTU1OTU1
┇
OTUnOTUnOTUnOTUnλsλs λsλs λsλs λsλs
OSCOSC
OSCOSC OSCOSC
Output
EMS
Optical Transmitter OLA Optical Receiver
Common Network Elements in DWDM
• Optical Terminal Multiplexer (OTM)• Optical Line Amplifier (OLA)• Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM)
Optical Terminal Multiplexer (OTM)
Client sideLine side
λ1
λn
λ1
λn
OTM
At the transmitter end, the OTM:
Multiplexes the STM-N signals of “N” wavelengths λ1~λN into a DWDM main optical channelAmplifies the optical power of the main channel via the multiplexerAdds an optical supervisory channel λs
At the receiving end, the OTM:Extracts the optical supervisory channel λs
DWDM main optical channel is amplified and de-multiplexed into STM-N signals of the N different wavelengths
Optical Line Amplifier (OLA)• OLA is configured in each
direction of the fiber link• OLA extracts the optical
supervisory channel (OSC) and processes it
• It then amplifies the main optical channel signals, multiplexes them with the optical supervisory channel and sends them onto the fiber
Line sideLine side
OLA
Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM)
• OADM performs add/drop of wavelengths
Client side
Line side Line side
λ1 λn λ1 λn
OADM
Operational Wavelength Range
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Wavelength (nm)
Loss (dB/km)
~140THz
~50THzOH- absorption peak
OH- absorptionpeak
OH- absorptionpeak
O E S C L
O Band Original 1260-1360 nm
E Band Extended 1360-1460 nm
S Band Short 1460-1530 nm
C Band Conventional 1530-1565 nm
L Band Long 1565-1625 nm
U Band Ultralong 1625-1675 nm
Division Of Low-Loss Window
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
800 1000 1200 1400 1600Wavelength (nm)
Loss (dB/km)
~140THz
~50THzOH- absorption peak
OH- absorptionpeak
OH- absorptionpeak
O E S C L
III III IVV
Feature Comparison between Low-Loss Windows
Window I II III IV V
Mark (nm) 8501310 (O
band)1550 (C band) 1600 (L band)
1360 ~ 1530 (E + S bands)
Wavelength range (nm)
600~900 1260~1360 1530~1565 1565~1625 1360~1530
Fiber type MMF MMF/
G.652/G.653
G.652/G.653/G.655
G.652/G.653/G.655
Full-wave fiber
Applications
Short distance and low
rate
Short distance and low
rate
Long distance and high rate
Wavelength Allocation On C-BandNo. Central Frequency (THz) Wavelength (nm)
1 192.1 1560.61
2 192.2 1559.79
3 192.3 1558.98
4 192.4 1558.17
5 192.5 1557.36
6 192.6 1556.55
7 192.7 1555.75
8 192.8 1554.94
9 192.9 1554.13
10 193.0 1553.33
11 193.1 1552.52
12 193.2 1551.72
13 193.3 1550.92
14 193.4 1550.12
15 193.5 1549.32
16 193.6 1548.51
17 193.7 1547.72
18 193.8 1546.92
19 193.9 1546.12
20 194.0 1545.32
40 Channels / 100 GHz interval
Wavelength Allocation On C-Band40 Channels / 100 GHz interval
21 194.1 1544.53
22 194.2 1543.73
23 194.3 1542.94
24 194.4 1542.14
25 194.5 1541.35
26 194.6 1540.56
27 194.7 1539.77
28 194.8 1538.98
29 194.9 1538.19
30 195.0 1537.40
31 195.1 1536.61
32 195.2 1535.82
33 195.3 1535.04
34 195.4 1534.25
35 195.5 1533.47
36 195.6 1532.68
37 195.7 1531.90
38 195.8 1531.12
39 195.9 1530.33
40 196.0 1529.55
• TDM
• Electrical Regenerator for Single Wavelength
• DWDM• Multi-wavelength on Single Fiber, for Optical Amplification
DWDM vs. SDH
TTRR
1
Electrical Multiplex Electrical Demultiplex
Transmitter ReceiverElectrical
Regenerator
N
2
1
N
2
1
N21
Optical Multiplexer Optical Demultiplexer
OA
DWDM Features
Large transparent transmission capacity greatly saves fiber resources
Each wavelength can carry different signal: SDH 2.5Gbps, 10 Gbps, ATM, IP
DWDM technology provides multiple virtual fiber channels in one physical fiber channel
SDH DWDM
DWDM Features
Through super-long distance transmission technologies, the transmission cost is reduced
SDH
DWDM
Electrical RegeneratorLight Amplifier
DWDM Features
8*2.5G
32*2.5G
16*2.5G
32*10G
Key technologies of DWDM
DWDM System
OTU1OTU1OTU1OTU1
┇Input
Ch 1
Ch N
Ch 1
Ch N
λλ11
λλn n OTUnOTUnOTUnOTUn
OM
UO
MU BABA LALA PAPA
OD
UO
DU
λλ11
λλn n
OTU1OTU1OTU1OTU1
┇
OTUnOTUnOTUnOTUnλsλs λsλs λsλs λsλs
OSCOSC
OSCOSC OSCOSC
Output
EMS
Optical Transmitter OLA Optical Receiver
Key Technologies Of DWDM
• Optical Source
• Optical Multiplexer And De-multiplexer
• Optical Amplifiers
• The Supervision Of WDM System
Optical Source
Requirements of optical sources:Larger dispersion tolerance value
Standard and stable wavelength
Types of optical sources:Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Laser Diode (LD)
Optical Multiplexing and De-multiplexing Technology
Optical Multiplexer and Demultiplexer
Multiplexer
Fiber
Demultiplexer
Supervision System Technology
Supervision System• Detection, control and management are basic
requirements of all network operations• To ensure secure operation of DWDM system,
physically, the monitoring system is designed as an independent system separated from working channels and devices
• Used to transmit the NE management and supervision information related to DWDM system
Functions• Fault alarm• Fault location• Quality parameter supervision in the
operation• Control over backup line upon line
interruption• EDFA supervision
Optical Supervision Control (OSC)
OMU ODU
OBA
OPA
OPA
OBA
ODU OMU
OLA
OLA
OLA
OLA
OLA
OLA
OSC OSC OSC OSC OSC OSC OSC OSCOSCOSC
Optical Supervision Control (OSC)• 1510nm• Signal speed : 2.048Mb/s• Receiving sensitivity : -48dbm• Transmission power : 0 ~ -7 dbm
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