demographic transition theory and optimum population
DESCRIPTION
A brief look into the basics of demography, demographic transition theory, India's case and optimum population concepts.TRANSCRIPT
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Demographic Transition Theoryand
Optimum Population
By- Pranjal PrateekAvionics,SC12B104,Roll-31
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Demography
• The general science of studying human population.
• It is the statistics of the population that is subjected to change in accordance with aging, birth, death, migration etc.
• The demography of any place helps to gather information about the population, religion, language and ethnicity of that place.
• Demography can be understood through census. Census 2011 -7th Census operation post India's Independence and 15th in total since; it began in the year 1981
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Demographic Transition theory
• Demographic transition (DT) refers to the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
• This is typically demonstrated through a demographic transition model (DTM). The theory is based on an interpretation of demographic history developed in 1929 by the American demographer Warren Thompson (1887–1973).
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Demographic Transition Model
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India vs China• China’s population growth is only 0.7% per year (India with 1.6
billion, will surpass China with respect to population size in 2050).
• India had 66% higher income per capita than China in 1980, but by the early 1990s China overtook India.
• In 2008, the situation was reversed, with income per capita in
China double that of India.
• This income crossover is due to very different demographic trajectories of China and India.
• China’s campaign of “later, longer, fewer” and its one-child policy (beginning in 1979) led to a decline in fertility.
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India vs China
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Indian Demography
• India’s 65 and over population currently represents only one-fourth the number of its adolescents and young adults.
• It will not outnumber the younger group for nearly four decades.
• Fertility decline and rising longevity will rise the working-age share creating higher growth rates in India over the next 30 years
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Indian Demography
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Nurturing the Demographic dividend
• Policies to meet the education and training needs of India’s youth can ease the process of caring for growing numbers of older Indians in the future.
• Behavioural and policy responses to population aging – including higher labour force participation of women, higher savings for retirement, and later age of retirement – suggest that population aging will not necessarily significantly impede economic growth.
• If India adopts policies that allow the working-age population to be productively employed, India may receive a demographic dividend of roughly 1% point growth in GDP, compounded year by year.
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Boon or Bane
• It is us who will decide.
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Optimum Population
• The optimum population is the size of a population that is the best out of several outcomes.
• Estimations usually take ecological sustainability and carrying capacity more or less into account. Also, optimum population can refer to a specific area, such as a region or country, but can also refer to the entire world or universe.
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Optimum population
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Indian Optimum Population
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Hope you enjoyed it…
Thank you for your patient hearing..