democracy in great britain

8/3/2019 Democracy in Great Britain

1/19

Click to edit Master subtitle style

4/29/12

Democracy In Great

Britain(1215- Nowadays)


2/19

4/29/12

What is Democracy?What is a constitution?

Questions to answer


3/19

4/29/12

Democracy ( pl. -cies) a system ofgovernment by the whole population orall the eligible members of a state,typically through elected

representatives a state governed in such a way : a

multiparty democracy.Constitution :noun a body of fundamental

principles or established precedentsaccording to which a state or otherorganization is acknowledged to begoverned.

A written record to this

Definitions:


4/19

4/29/12

Birth of the English Parliament Nobody setout to create Parliament.

It developed naturally out of the dailypolitical needs of the English King andhis government.

Nor did it develop continuously overtime, but went through short periods ofrapid growth .

Yet despite its unintentional andhaphazard development, the modernBritish Parliament is one of the oldest

continuous representative assembliesin the world.

Birth of Parliament


5/19

4/29/12

Assemblies : 2 kind of people

1 King+Nobles

2 Representatives of Counties

Birth of parliament


6/19


7/194/29/12

Magna Carta Ist step towards democracy inEngland

Magna Carta : a charter of liberty andpolitical rights obtained from King John ofEngland by his rebellious barons atRunnymede in 1215, which came to be seenas the seminal document of Englishconstitutional practice. ORIGIN frommedieval Latin, great charter.

1215: Magna Carta


8/194/29/12

The relations of Henry VIII with hisparliament were unique.

He took great interest in the progress of theparliament. Even though he kept theparliament under his full control, he called

repeated sessions of the parliament to takemajor decisions. He himself never actedagainst the will of the Parliament.

Henry VIII 1491-1547 andParliament

Tudor Dynasty


9/194/29/12

The Civil War : Over the space of 20 yearsEngland experienced civil war, regicide,a republic and military rule. At theheart of all these events was

Parliament. How did the institutionwhich had existed at the will of the Kingcome to overthrow and execute him andthen conduct a 10-year experiment in

rule by the Commons alone, withoutKing or House of Lords? And why by1660 were most people ready andeager to go back to the old system?

Civil war


10/19

4/29/12

Petition of Right, 1628, is a

statement of civil libertiessent by the EnglishParliament to Charles I.

Refusal by Parliament tofinance the king's unpopularforeign policy had caused his

The Petition of right(1628)


11/19

4/29/12

The Petition of Right, initiated by SirEdward Coke, was based upon earlier

statutes and charters and asserted fourprinciples:

no taxes may be levied without consentof Parliament;

no subject may be imprisoned withoutcause shown (reaffirmation of the rightof habeas corpus);

no soldiers may be quartered upon thecitizenry;

martial law may not be used in time ofpeace. In return for his acceptance (June,

1628), Charles was granted subsidies.


12/19

4/29/12

Although the petition was of importanceas a safeguard of civil liberties, its spiritwas soon violated by Charles, whocontinued to collect tonnage andpoundage duties without Parliament's

authorization and to prosecute citizens inan arbitrary manner.

Oli C ll (1599


13/19

4/29/12

Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 3September 1658) was an Englishmilitary and political leader best knownin England for his overthrow of the

monarchy and temporarily turningEngland into a republicanCommonwealth and for his rule as LordProtector of England, Scotland and

Ireland.

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)

Lord Protector: 1648/1658


14/19

4/29/12

The Habeas Corpus Act is an Act of theParliament of England passed during thereign of King Charles II by what becameknown as the Habeas Corpus Parliamentto define and strengthen the ancientprerogative writ ofhabeas corpus,whereby persons unlawfully detained

cannot be ordered to be prosecutedbefore a court of law.

It was one of the concessions the British

Monarch made in the Magna Carta and

Habeas Corpus(1679)


15/19

4/29/12

The Act is often wrongly described as the

origin of the writ ofhabeas corpus, whichhad existed in England for at least threecenturies before.

The Act of 1679 followed an earlier act of1640, which established that thecommand of the King or the PrivyCouncil was no answer to a petition of

habeas corpus.Further Habeas Corpus Acts were passed

by the British Parliament in 1803, 1804,1816 and 1862, but it is the Act of 1679

which is remembered as one of the most


16/19

4/29/12

The Bill of Rights is an act of theParliament of England, whose title isAn

Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties ofthe Subject and Settling the Successionof the Crown. It is often called theEnglish Bill of Rights.

The British Bill of Rights(1689)


17/19

4/29/12

The English Bill of Rights grew out of theGlorious Revolution of 1688.

During the revolution King James IIabdicated and fled from England. He wassucceeded by his daughter, Mary, and herhusband, William of Orange, a Dutch prince.

Parliament proposed a Declaration of Rightsand presented it to William and Mary onFebruary 13, 1689.

Only after they accepted the declaration didParliament proclaim them king and queen ofEngland.

Parliament then added several clauses to the

declaration and formally enacted the


18/19

4/29/12

The Act of Settlement is an act of theParliament of England that was originallyfiled in 1700 and passed in 1701 tosettle the succession to the Englishthrone on the Electress Sophia ofHanover (a granddaughter of James I)and her Protestant heirs.

The act was later extended to Scotland,as a result of the Treaty of Union (ArticleII), enacted in the Acts of Union 1707before it was ever needed.

Act of settlement(1701)


19/19

4/29/12

Along with the Bill of Rights 1689, it

remains today one of the mainconstitutional laws governing thesuccession to not only the throne of theUnited Kingdom, but, following British

colonialism, the resultant doctrine ofreception, and independence, also tothose of the other Commonwealth

realms, whether by willing deference tothe act as a British statute or as apatriated part of the particular realm'sconstitution.

democracy in great britain

Documents