Demand and Specification Planning

Vocational Competence Class X Semester 1

PC INSTALATION

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Mendiagnosis permasalahan pengoperasian PC yang tersambung jaringangnosis

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting ulang koneksi jaringan

an

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi jaringan berbasis GUI (Graphical User

Interface) dan Text

Melakukan instalasi perangkat jaringan berbasis luas (Wide Area

Network)

Mendiagnosis permasalahan perangkat yang tersambung jaringan berbasis luas

(Wide Area Network)

Membuat desain sistem keamanan jaringan

Mendiagnosis permasalahan pengoperasian PC dan

periferal

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting ulang sistem PC

Melakukan perbaikan periferal

Melakukan instalasi software

Melakukan perawatan PC

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi berbasis graphical user interface (GUI)

dan command line interface (CLI)

Melakukan instalasi perangkat jaringan lokal (Local Area

Network)

Menerapkan teknik elektronika analog dan digital dasar

Menerapkan fungsi peripheral dan instalasi PC

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting ulang koneksi jaringan berbasis luas

(Wide Area Network)

Mengadministrasi server dalam jaringan

Merancang bangun dan menganalisa Wide Area

Network

Merancang web data base untuk content server

Lulus

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi dasar

Menerapkan K 3 LH

Merakit Personal Komputer

Dasar Kejuruan Level I ( Kelas X ) Level II ( Kelas XI ) Level III ( Kelas XII )1

Merakit Personal Komputer

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COMPETENCE MAPING

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Learning Objectives

• Explain peripheral function which integrated in a PC.

• Make a list of PC demand and specification planning

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INPUT DEVICE

KEY BOARD

Keyboard

• Standard of letter, number, and punctuation layout is known as keyboard QWERTY because the first six letters are QWERTY. Other keyboard design with quick-typed position letter layout is Dvorak

• There is no computer keyboard standard. There are three PC keyboards, e.g: original PC keyboard with 84 buttons, AT keyboard with 84 buttons, and enhanced keyboard with 101 buttons.

• There are several types of keyboard for Apple Macintosh. All are known as ADB (Apple Desktop Bus/ADB). Two types of Macintosh keyboard are known as Standard Keyboard and extended keyboard plus 15 additional buttons of specific function.

Mouse

Found by Douglas Engelbart of Standford Research

Center in 1963 and published by XEROX in 70’s.

Three types of mouse:

Mechanic: use metal or rubber ball under the case to roll

mouse. Mechanical censor detects direction of ball

movement and move cursor to same direction.

Optical: use laser to detect mouse movement. Mouse is

moved on a specific grid base as the optical reference. It

does not use mechanical movement component. This is

faster and more accurate compared to mechanical and

optomechanical mouse but it is more expensive.

Mouse

Optomechanic: Similar with mechanic mouse but it uses optical censor to detect ball movement.

Scanner

A device which able to read text or illustration printed on

paper and transfer them into digital information so that

computer can read it. It digitalizes image – it is divided

into small boxes and each box represent null or one

depend on its content (for color and gray scales it is

performed by representing up to 24 bit). The result is

matrix bit called bitmap, can be saved in file, displayed

on screen or manipulated by program.

Optical Scanner does not distinguish between

text and illustration, both of them are assumed

as image and represented by bitmap. Therefore,

text can not be directly edited but it should be

read by optical character recognition (OCR)

which translate the text into ASCII character.

Most of the recent scanners are equipped with

OCR.

Scanner

Scanner

Scanners can be distinguished by:

scanning technology: Most of scanners use matrix of charge-coupled

device (CCD) which developed by using a line of light receptor that able

to detect light clearance intensity and it’s frequency. The better quality of

CCD matrix the better quality the scanner will be. In industrial

environment there is a drum scanner applying photomultiplier tube

(PMT) technology, but this technology is more expensive that CCD

matrix.

resolution: Bitmap is denser, higher resolution. Scanner typically has

72 to 600 dpi of resolution.

Bit depth Number of bit used to represent each pixel. The deeper it is the more color or gray scale it has. Example: color scanner 24 bit can represent 2 up to 24 square of color (16,7 million). Note: That much of color range is useless since the CCD matrice actually detect limited color.

Size and shape: Some handy scanners is called half-page scanner since it only can scan 2 to 5 inch per time. This kind of scanner is suitable for scanning small image or photo but it is not appropriate to scan full page of text or graphic.

Bar Code Reader

Barcode reader is one of computer peripheral used to

read barcode on a surface. Similar with flatbed scanner,

barcode reader consist of light source, lens and photo

conductor translating optical impulse into electrical impulse.

Recently, almost barcode readers produced are equipped

with decoder circuit to analyze barcode image produced by

photo conductor and send barcode content to scanner

output port. Nevertheless, it is different with flatbed

scanner, optical component of barcode scanner is not

dynamic as one dimension barcode and it can scan

simultaneously.

TouchScreen

Types of display screen which have panel

covering transparent screen and sensitively

touched. Beside using pointing device such as

mouse or light pen, finger can also point

directly to object on screen. Although the

touch screens gives the best way of

communication with computer, it has

disappropriateness on the application because

fingers is relatively big. It is impossible to point

directly to small objects on the screen. Beside

it gradually generates exhausted arm.

Bar Code Reader

There are several types of barcode scanners, e.g:based on light sourceLED scannerKnown as CCD scanner – Though CCD is actually photo conductor.laser scannerMore expensive than LED scanner but it can scan barcode from 25 cm. Based on case: handheld scanner Use a handle and trigger button to get light source. pen scanner or wand scanner Pen scanner which scratch across the barcodestationary scanner Scanner attached on wall or table and barcode is passed in front of or under it. It is most found in supermarket or stores. Most of barcode reader use PS/2 as an output connection. Wire is connected to keyboard port with specific combination. Barcode character is received by computer through keyboard. Most of reader use connection through port RS-232 but nowadays USB is getting familiar.

Track Pen/Stylus

Stylus (plural: styli) is a writing tool. It usually refer to modern

pen. Some of it are slim as a pencil so it is easier in use.

Etimology

Stylus is adapted from latin stilus “Etruscan” means stulos

(fence)

Function

Styli is used to carve metal or clay with ink. In Old Rome, styli

is used to make a carve on candle plate. "Stylus" is also a term

used in recording industry for phonograpf or gramophone

needle to play or record a song from analog plate or master

record.

Recently, "stylus" is frequently used as input method in PDA. It

is used without ink to write on touch screen.

OCR & OMR

Optical Mark Recognition is a computer method to read

data from a form. It is generally differed from OCR, it does

not need recognizing machine. One of application on OMR

is pencil 2B used to blacken the test form when students do

an examination. Another example is MICR recognizing

number scanned through a barcode.

Recent improvement of OMR is the ability to read various

barcode called matrix code. Example: UPS, a package

expedition, print 2Dimension barcode called bulleye in every

package. Image bulleye contains data error detection which

allow acurate reading though the pattern of printing is

damage. HOME

Most of the application of OMR recently work

mechanically using differential image such as

barcode. Several application involve users in

filling special form. This form is optimized to

be scanned by computer during the printing

with accurate design in order to minimize error

as low as possible. Therefore, this technology

is cheaper, minimal error, and the most

popular to count vote.

Depan

Digital Camera

Camera functioning to save digital image which

can be downloaded into computer system. One

of digital photo format is Photo CD format which

developed by Kodak. Most of digital camera use

CCD to capture image while the newest ones

generally use chip CMOS.

Monitor/Display

It is also named display screen.

There are many ways to classify monitors. Basic color is

the one to classify monitor into 3 different classes:

Monochrome: Monitor which only have two output color,

background and foreground. The colors could be black

and white, green and black, or amber and black.

Gray-scale: Is a monochrome monitor which is able to

display different color in gray scale.

Colour: Is the monitor which is able to display 16 to

million different color. It is usually called RGB monitor

since it can receive different signal of red, green, and

blue.

Printer

Printer is a printing tool for text and illustrations. As the technology used,

printer is classified into:

daisy-wheel: the printer has metal or plastic wheel which contain letters.

It can not print graphic.

•dot-matrix: make a character by pressing pin onto printing ribbon. Every

pin forms dot and its combination to form character and illustration.

•ink-jet: spraying ink onto printing paper. The result is highly qualified.

laser: using same technology as the copy

machine. The quality of text and graphic printing

is excellent.

LCD & LED: similar with laser printer but it uses

crystal liquid or light-emitting diode to produce

image on drum.

line printer: consist of character chain or pin

which can print a line at once. It works fast but

low in quality.

thermal printer: working with hot pin technology

pressed onto paper sensitive to heat. This is

usually used in calculator or faximile.

Printer

Printer

Printers are also classified by the following

characteristics:

•quality of type: The output produced by printers is

said to be either letter quality (as good as a typewriter),

near letter quality, or draft quality.

•speed: Measured in characters per second (cps) or

pages per minute (ppm), the speed of printers varies

widely.

Printer

impact or non-impact: Impact printers include all

printers that work by striking an ink ribbon.

graphics: Some printers (daisy-wheel and line

printers) can print only text. Other printers can print

both text and graphics.

fonts : Some printers, notably dot-matrix printers,

are limited to one or a few fonts. In contrast, laser

and ink-jet printers are capable of printing an almost

unlimited variety of fonts.

Plotter

A hardware to create image on paper based on

computer instruction. Plotter is different with

printer when drawing line using a pen. The result,

line becomes unified. As printer makes line consist

of dot combination. Multicolor plotters use pens

different in color to produce various color.

In general, plotter is more expensive than printer.

Beside, plotter is used on technique application

which needs high accuracy.

Harddisk

Harddisk is a device made of oxidant metal, an axis, read and write head, electrical motor, and IC in one package.

Hard vs. floppy Harddisk uses metal plat covered oxide with more integrated unit than floppy. Therefore harddisk has ability to record more data and faster in transfering data.

Disk

Floppy disk is data storage device consist of thin film,

flexible magnetic media covered with hard square plastic.

It is written and read using floppy disk drive or FDD

Tape and Cartridge

Magnetic tape is one of data storage media

made of plastic tape with oxide layer. Almost

all of recording type device uses such tape,

such as video cassette recorder, audio storage

(reel-to-reel tape, compact audio cassette,

digital audio tape/DAT and other format

including cartridge 8-track) or other digital data

storage using computer.

Magneto-optical and optical tape storage

are produced using similar concept with

magnetic storage, but it is not commercially

successful.

CD ROM

CD-ROM stands for "Compact Disc Read-Only

Memory" (ROM) ) is a data storage media which is

non-volatile using physical format such as audio

compact discs, it can be read by CD-ROM motor. The

surface of CD-ROM is flat, made of plastic disk with

digital data recording from inside circle to outer.

ManufactureCD can be “burned” if data is small or “pressed” if data is huge.

CD ROM

Information Information

CD

microscopic

Read

Saving capacity: 650MB

Loudspeaker

Loudspeaker is a device conversing electrical signal into sound.

PC ASSEMBLAY

PC ASSEMBLAY( VIDEO )

Computer Work Safety

Vocational Competence Class X Semester 1

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Learning Objectives

• Students are able to install PC component well and safely.

• Students are able to acknowledge dangerous action in installing PC component

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1. Screw driver, pliers, AVO meter (if any), soldering tool, tin, tape, wire binder, and notebook. Both soldering tool and AVO meter are rarely used when component used is still good condition.

2. Curent measurement and voltage of electricity is only conducted when the component used is a used component which no view good or not.

3. AVO meter should not be used when motherboard is still in good condition because the point of measurement has not been known. Recklesness can cause fatal damage.

Preparation and Work Safety during PC Assembly

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4. When you use new component, you do not need to perform curent and voltage measurement by AVO meter. AVOmeter may be needed to recognize electricity voltage in home electricity network.

5. When you recognize, look at the power supply of computer (in the case) whether it is already set to voltage scale appropriate to surrounding voltage or not. If the power suply is automatic, you will not need to be worried. If it is semi automatic, you probably need to set the scale position of 24 voltage to voltage position appropriate to surrounding.

Preparation and Work Safety during PC Assembly

Steps of PC Installation

• Motherboard preparation• Prosessor installation• Heatsink installation• Modul Memori installation• Installing Motherboard on Casing • Installing Power Supply• Installing Motherboard wire and Casing • Installing Drive • Installing adapter card• Finishing

Safety

Safety action is needed to avoid problem such as component damage by static electricity capacity, dropped, heat or liquid dropped. Prevention of damage with static electricity cause can be:

Use anti-static bracelet or touch metal on the case before holding component to throw static capacity.

Do not touch electronic, connector komponent or sircuit path but hold metal or platic contained in component.

BIOS Setting

Vocational Competence Class X Semester 1

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Basic Competence

Arranging PC components using software through BIOS setup and components

activation by software

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Learning Objectives

• Student are able to acknowledge BIOS in all

kinds of PC

• Students are able to operate BIOS in order to

activate and inactivate PC.

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Definition

Basic Input Output System is a firmware.

BIOS is used to manage PC component by using

software or frequently known as jumper less.

Not all of PC component can be managed by BIOS,

only the main and integrated component with

mainboard

Main Screen

The right side is an example of the

main screen of the Phoenix - Award

CMOS setup. This section of the CMOS

setup enables the user to access each

of the other sections of the BIOS.

Because of the amount of available

illustrations for each of the difference

screens, we have created a menu to

the right of this illustration that will

allow you to easily skip to other

sections of the setup.

STANDARD CMOS FEATURES

The Standard CMOS

features is the most

commonly used area of this

BIOS and enables a user to

set the time, date, disk drive

settings, and other

commonly set values.

ADVANCED BIOS FEATURES

Another commonly

accessed area of

the BIOS, the

Advanced BIOS

Features section

enables a user to

change numerous

settings in their

computers BIOS.

INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS

Component Activation through Operation System

1. Right-click on my computer --> properties2. The uninstalled component will be seen on

warning box3. Right click on such component icon then click

update driver.4. Choose advanced to define manually the

driver position from component. 5. If the driver is properly installed, the

installation process will completed, then it can be operated.

Vocational Competence Class X Semester 1

Connecting Peripheral Using Software

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Learning Objectives

• Students are able to explain peripheral needed to

connect peripheral.

• Students are able to explain connection procedures in

appropriate.

• Students are able to explain peripheral setting using

software.

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Definition

Computer peripheral is an additional equipment

needed for other demands of computer, such as

networking, printing, capturing, etc. It comprises

printer, scanner, modem, network card, etc.

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Peripheral installation comprises physical and software

installation.

Physical installation includes appropriate peripheral installation.

Software installation includes peripheral adaptation to operating

system e.g. installing demanded driver.

Installation

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Reference:

Video : Cisco Academi

Contain : Modul TKJ spectrum 2009 ( Dikmenjur )

Modul TKJ Kur 2004 ( Dikmenjur )

Cisco Academi

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