deliberative democracy and comic voice sammy basu phd associate professor of politics willamette...
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Deliberative Democracy and Comic Voice
Sammy Basu PhDAssociate Professor of Politics
Willamette UniversitySalem Oregon, USA
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Overview
1. Deliberative democracy2. What’s so bad about humor?
3. What is humor?4. What’s so bad about
deliberative democracy?5. The ironic speech situation
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Deliberative democracy
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2. What’s so bad about humor?
Jurgen Habermas and the Ideal Speech Situation according to which “In the final analysis, the normative content arises from the very structure of communicative actions” (1996:26).
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Jedediah Purdy (1999) in For Common Things: Irony, Trust, and Commitment in America Today.
9-11 encouraged commentators across the ideological spectrum to opine hopefully, as Roger Rosenblatt (2001) did in Time, that “One good thing could come from this horror: it could spell the end of the age of irony.”
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1. The boor
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2. The Cynic
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A kind of high-water mark in popular humorphobia was reached with Purdy’s For Common Things. In it Purdy (1999:xii) pointed to “the widespread cultivation of irony as a personal manner” as the source of the national inhibition “to speak earnestly of uncertain hopes.”
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3. The buffoon
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For Habermas (1982:271), “jokes, fictional representations, irony, games, and so on, rest on intentionally using categorical confusions which, in the wake of the differentiation of validity-claims and corresponding modes (being/illusion, is/ought, essence/appearance), are seen through as category mistakes.”
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4. The hysteric
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3. What is humor?
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Theories of HumorPhysiological/Sensory
Affective/Evaluative
RELIEF:pleasurable relief as pent-up nervous energy, anxiety, or sensory excitement is rapidly deflated
RELEASE:pleasurable release of psychic energy otherwise used to regulate or repress socially taboo topics or desires
(Juxtaposition)the close juxtaposition of two or more phenomena, frames, etc.
INCONGRUITY:pleasurable recognition of the close juxtaposition of the familiar against what initially is unexpected and/or meaningless but subsequently proves compactly yet pivotally meaningful
SUPERIORITY:pleasurable sense of one’s relative eminence at the expense of someone or something aggressively downgraded
Cognitive/Intellectual
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Physiological/Sensory
Affective/Evaluative
Hysteric BoorRELIEF: RELEASE:
(Juxtaposition)
INCONGRUITY: SUPERIORITY:
Buffoon Cognitive/Intellectual Cynic
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4. What’s so bad about deliberative democracy?
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Boor,
or
Devil’s
Advocate?
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“It would seem that you cannot be funny without being vulgar — …. For it is not only sex that is ‘vulgar’. So are death, childbirth and poverty, the other three subjects upon which the best music-hall humour turns. And respect for the intellect and strong political feeling, if not actually vulgar, are looked upon as being in doubtful taste. You cannot be really funny if your main aim is to flatter the comfortable classes: it means leaving out too much. To be funny, indeed, you have got to be serious.” Orwell (1968)
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2. Buffoon, or
Holistic critic
Specific critic
Linguistic critic
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Holistic criticism: Modern Times
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Specific
Criticism
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Linguistic criticism:
Support our tropes
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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4. Hysteria or just cracking up?
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5. The ironic speech situation
Truth
ideal reasonedspeech
testimony
Critical Disengagement
exit foot-dragging andmumbling
critical engagement throughcomic voice
lipserviceandmarching
loyalty Uncritical Engagement
fraud
force
Untruth
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