delhi as they knew it
TRANSCRIPT
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DelhiTraditional4.1
4.1Delhi Traditional
Seven Cities of Delhi4.1A
Shahjahanabad: Planning and Spatial Structure4.1B
Shahjahanabad: Demographics4.1D
Shahjahanabad: Spatial Hierarchy4.1C
Shahjahanabad: Beyond the Walled city4.1E
Evolution of the city post 18574.1F
Creation of Lutyens Delhi: The 8th city of Delhi4.1G
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4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi
4.1G
4.1F
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DelhiTraditional4.1
As many as seven cities evolved in the region collectively known as Dilli/Delhi. New Delhi was theeighth city founded by the Britishers.
Favorable location of Delhi made it a capital of many Emperors.
Converging point of trade routes from Lahore, Ajmer, and Patna.
Fertile flood plains of river Yamuna.
Protection of Aravali Ridge on the west.
Seven cities of Delhi:
Lal-Kot (1060) founded by Anang Pal II
Siri (1303) founded by Alaudin Khilji
Tughluqabad (1321) founded by Ghiyasud-din Tughlaq
Firuzabad ( 1354) founded by Firuz Shah Tughlaq
Purana Quila (1533) founded by Humayun
Shahjahanabad (1639) founded by Shahjahan
Purana Quila (1533) founded by Humayun
1533
A journey in time1321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
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DelhiTraditional4.1
4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1G
4.1F
1533
10601321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi : Lal Kot
INITIAL SETTLEMENT
Anang Pal II built the strongly fortified town ofLal Kot some ten kilometres away from SurajKund (built by earlier Tomar Ruler) on a more
prominent and easily defended hillock.Original wall of Lal-Kot were 3.6 kms with a
population of 5-6000 people.
LATER
Chauhans captured Delhi from the Tomars in
mid 12th century. Prithvi Raj Chauhan III furtherincreased the size of Lal-Kot, known as Qila Rai
Pithora.
City extended four times.
Walls were 8 kms long.
Had several gates and many structuresincluding a Temple.
A heterogeneous population includingbazaars and public spaces, Hauz-i-Shamsi
being the most prominent.
Stratified residential spaces.
(intach, 2005)
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4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi : City of Siri
4.1G
4.1F
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DelhiTraditional4.1
1533
13031321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
Figure ground for Shahpur Jat (present)
On the plains of Siri (present Khel Gaon) and
much closer to Mehrauli, the palace fortresswas laid out with heavy fortifications and
several gates. The settlement came to beknown as Siri.
Hauz-i-khas reservoir was built outside thefortified city for water supply of the city.
FORTIFIED CITY OF SIRI
Nothing much is known about the original city
pattern of Siri. Only the ramparts remain today.
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DelhiTraditional4.1
4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1G
4.1F
1533
13211321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi : Tughluqabad (1321) founded by Ghiyasud-din Tughlaq
Built on a hillock in just 2 years duringGhiyasud-din Tughlaq short reign from 1320-1324.
A palace cum city complex.
6.25 km Outer wall contain the palace.
Inner walls contain the citadel.
AGates
B
Excavated layout of city
CPalace
DUnderground pits
ETanks
FCitadel
GJami masjid
H
Ghiyasud-din Tomb
IAdilabad
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4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi : Jahanpanah (1327) founded by Muhammad Bin Tughlaq
4.1G
4.1F
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DelhiTraditional4.1
1533
13271321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
4th city of delhi was created by linking Lal-Kot
and Siri by two walls.The city contains:
A. Hauz KhasB. Adhchini
C. Beghumpur D. Sarai ShahjiE. Seikh Sarai
F. Somi Nagar G. Chirag Dilli
H. Khirki
I. Satpula
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DelhiTraditional4.1
4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1G
4.1F
1533
13541321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi : Firuzabad ( 1354) founded by Firuz Shah Tughlaq
Baoli
Royalpalace
Jaamimasjid
Mainentrance
Diwan-i-khaas
Diwan-i-aam
After ascending the throne Firuz Shah Tughlaqfounded a new city for himself at the northern
plains of Delhi.The city covered an area of 10 sq miles andincluded many villages.
It comprised:
Localities
Places of educationSarais
Reservoirs
Canals
Market places
Garden and hunting lodges
Only the remains of the citadel are presentthese days.
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4.1A
4.1B
4.1D
4.1
C
4.1E
4.1 ASeven cities of Delhi : Shahjahanabad (Historical Background)
4.1G
4.1F
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DelhiTraditional4.1
1533
1639-1857AD1321
1354
1303
1060
1857-
1911
1911
SALIMGARHFORT
HUNTINGLODGE
EXTENSION OFFIRUZABAD
ROAD FROM AJMER
ROADFROMLAHORE
FAIZ NAHAR
THE SITE WAS NOT VIRGIN LAND
Once a forest, a 30 km long canal Nahr-i-Bihistor Faiz Nahr, existed before the founding ofShahjahanabad.
The canal was built by Firuz Shah, taking water
from the Jamuna at Khizrabad, and it flowedthrough his gardens.
The canal was put to reuse by shahjahan.
The area south of Chandni Chowk was alsodotted with structures of extended Firuzabad.
Salim Garh fort was constructed by Islam Shahbefore Shahjahanabad.
Delhi was an active urban centre even whenthe capital was Agra during the reign of Akbar
and Jahanghir.
MOVING CAPITAL FROM AGRA TO DELHI
Congested city of Agra.
Strategic location of Delhi.
Shahjahans desire to mark an impact by
founding a new city inspired by Persian city ofIsfahan.
Erosion of river banks of agra due to deepcut ravines causing many structures alongthe waters edge to collapse.
Important trade routes.
Delhi had the largest mint after Agra.
Heterogeneous population of Delhi to lookafter the various functions.
An important religious and pilgrimagecentre.