deha prakriti niśchitīkaran with the help of pramāṇa...
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AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016
www.aamj.in ISSN: 2395-4159
Research Article
A A M J Anveshana Ayurveda Medical Journal
Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa
Mushraf R Sayyad *
A b s t r a c t
All the efforts that mankind does always mean for better efficiency and simplicity.
Brihat trayi i.e. Charak Samhita, Susruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Sangraha has a
good comprehensive literature about prakriti. Prakriti Niśchitīkaran, nowadays, is be-
ing done on the basis of granthokta lakśaṇas i.e. śārīrika and mānasika gunas of
doṣas described in Prakriti. In fact, we do use an extract of these lakśaṇas that can be
easily applicable to any human being which elicit his/her prakriti easily. Manas
gunas e.g. Rāga, Tuśti could not be quantifiable. Hence more value is given to
śārīrika gunas and their respective features to decide prakriti. In vimana sthana,
Charak samhita, Āyāma vistāra Parīkśa and prakriti parīkśa are described subse-
quently while dealing with Daśavidha ātura Parīkśa. Acharya vagbhata also used the
terms “pralamba bāhu”, “prithu pīna vakśa”, “mahā lalāta” in kapha prakriti. These
terms reveal relation to measurement. The ancient measuring scale for body parts is
anguli pramāṇa. In present study, an attempt is made to correlate prakriti
niśchitīkaran and āyāma vistāra parīkśa. The experiment is about elicitation of an as-
sociation, if any exists, in prakriti and swānguli pramāṇa.
Key words: prakriti, āyāma vistāra parīkśa, anguli pramāṇa.
* Reader, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, Annasaheb Dange Ayurved Medical College, Ashta, Sangli.
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Vd. MUSHRAF R SAYYAD
Reader,
Department of Kriya Sharir,
Annasaheb Dange Ayurved Medical College,
Ashta, Sangli, Maharashtra (India).
Email: [email protected]
Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa
AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016
1002
INTRODUCTION
yurveda is a traditional system of medicine
with a holistic approach towards mainte-
nance of health, prevention of disease and
cure of disease if occurred. The ancient techniques
of diagnosing the disease were different. A de-
tailed examination of the patient was proposed to
arrive at a good diagnosis by the authors of Ayur-
veda. Acharya Charaka described it under
“Dasha Vidha Parīkśa(i)”. Prakriti Parīkśa was de-
scribed to elicit doshik constitution of the person.
Ayam Vistaar Parīkśa was proposed to measure
the dimensions of bodily organs. . Acharya
vagbhata used the terms “pralamba bāhu”, “prithu
pīna vakśa”, “mahā lalāta” in the descriptions of
kapha prakriti(ii) . In Ayurveda ancient methods
are yet best used to examine the patient. A small
attempt is made to elicit a correlation, if any exists,
between Prakriti Parīkśa and Ayam Vistaar
Parīkśa.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES
To Study “Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran” in “Swastha
Vyaktis” with the help of “Āyāma Vistāra Parīkśa”.
To compare the results of Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with
the help of Āyāma Vistāra Parīkśa; with that of
prakriti niśchitīkaran done with the help of
“Granthokta Lakśaṇas’’. To carry out assessment of deha prakriti with the
help of Āyāma Vistāra parīkśa and to reveal corre-
lation between them, if any exists.
Review of Literature: Classification of Doṣaj Prakriti, Manas Prakriti etc. and
their respective characters were studied comprehensive-
ly from ancient Ayurvedic literature. Concept of
Anukatva(3) and constitution(4) and temperament were
also taken in to consideration. Pramāṇa Sharir, modern
anthropometry(5) were also studied.
MATERIALS & METHODS
With objectives in mind, 90 apparently healthy subjects
of both sex of age group 25 to 35 were randomly as-
sessed for study, of which 60 were selected. To avoid
overcrowding of subjects of any particular profession,
the subjects were taken from various groups from cross
selection of population with wide range of socio- eco-
nomic status.
Prakriti of these subjects is assessed with the help of
routine Prakriti Parīkśa Vidhi. The volunteers were again
evaluated for Pramāṇa Parīkśa. Swānguli pramāṇa was
calcuated and some selected body parts were meas-
ured in terms of Anguli Pramāṇa. Exclusion: As the work was not aimed for the special
study of anthropometry, we just adopted a few tech-
niques from anthropometric data which are dominating-
ly useful for aims and objects of study “Pralamba- Bāhu”
“Prithu- Pīna Vakśa” and “Maha-Lalaata“ were the
terms used by Vagbhata. Only these anatomical parts
were analyzed.
OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS
A) Comparison of chest circumference (Prithu-Pīna-
Vakśa) in three prakritis-
Chest circum-
ference Vata
n = 20
Pitta
n = 20
Kapha
n = 20
I + II+
III
n = 60
Range (in cm)
70- 81
20
Anguli –
22.8
Anguli
73.3 –
93.5
19.5
Anguli-
25.4
Anguli
89.6 –
101.9
23.1
Anguli –
25.1
Anguli
70-
101.9
19.5
Anguli
–
25.4
Anguli
Mean 75.59 86.88 95.43 85.96
S.D. +2.82 + 4.79 + 3.42 +3.67
Significance V Vs P
p<o.o1
P Vs K
p<0.05
K Vs V
_____
B) Comparison of Arm Length (Pralamba- Bāhu) in
three prakritis -
Arm Length Vata Pitta Kapha I + II+ III
Range
21.6-
29.5cm
12.8
Anguli –
16.6
Anguli
26.9-
33.5cm
14.2
Anguli-
17.4
Anguli
27.2-
37.1cm
14.1
Anguli –
18.3
Anguli
21.6-
37.1cm
12.8
Anguli –
18.3
Anguli
Mean 25.43 29.43 31.58 28.81
S.D. + 1.89 + 1.784 + 2.23
Significance V Vs P P Vs K
p<0.005 K Vs V
A
Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa
AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016
1003
C) Comparison of Forehead Length (Maha- Lalaata) in three prakritis-
Forehead Length Vata Pitta Kapha I + II+ III
Range 5.1cm-7.2cm
(3-4.1) Anguli
5.4-7.1cm
(3.6-3.8) Anguli
6.4-8.7cm
(3.4-4.3) Anguli
3-4.3
Anguli
(5.1-8.7)cm
Mean 6.25 6.63 7.79 6.89
S.D. + 0.75 + 0.44 +0.55 0.58
Significance V Vs P
p <0.025
P Vs K
p<0.01
K Vs V
_____
Summary of Observations: V=VATA; P=PIITTA; K= KAPHA
No Vakśa Vistāra
Significance Arm Length
Significance
Forehead
Length significance
(In Anguli) (In Anguli) (In Anguli)
V P K V P K V P K
1 21.3 21.9 24.4 V Vs P 15 15.7 17 V Vs P 3.9 3.8 4 V Vs P
2 19.8 23 25 P< 0.01 13.5 15.9 15.8 3.8 3.5 4 P<0.025
3 20 22.5 25.2 13.8 16.3 14.9 ____ 3.7 3.6 4.1
4 20.1 22.9 24.5 14.2 15.4 16 3.8 3.7 4.3
5 22.1 22 24.3 14.6 16.1 17.7 4 3.7 4.1
6 19.3 19.5 25.1 15.2 17.2 18.3 3.7 3.6 4.2
7 22.1 24 25.3 12.8 16.9 16 3.2 3.6 4.3
8 22.8 22 23.1 13.5 15.5 16.1 4.1 3.7 3.9
9 20.9 22.1 23.5 P Vs K 13.8 14.2 15.7 P Vs K 3.6 3.7 4.3 P Vs K
10 21 22 24 P<0.05 14 17.4 18 P<0.005 3.6 3.7 3.9 P<0.01
11 22.7 23.5 24.5 14 15 14.1 3 3.6 4.3
12 22 24.3 24.7 13.5 15.4 16.1 3.4 3.7 3.8
13 22 24.2 24.3 15 15 15.5 4 3.6 3.9
14 21.6 24.4 23.9 14.4 15.7 16.9 4 3.7 4.2
15 23.8 23.7 24.3 K Vs V 14.4 15.1 17.8 K Vs V 3.2 3.6 4.3 K Vs V
16 21.3 24.5 25.5 ___ 16.6 16 16.9 ___ 3.4 3.7 3.9 ___
17 21.9 24.7 24.8 15.7 15.3 16.1 3.3 3.6 3.8
18 20.8 25.4 24 14.2 15.5 15.6 3.2 3.7 3.4
19 22.2 23.9 24.3 15.7 16 14.5 3.4 3.6 3.8
20 21.1 25 25.2 14.5 16.4 16.2 3.9 3.7 4.1
C) Significant Observations:
Anthropometric Meas-
urements and indices Vata Vs
Pitta
Pitta Vs
Kapha
Vata Vs
Kapha
Vakśa – Vistāra P<0.01 P<0.05 -
Arm – Length - P<0.005 -
Forehead – Length P<0.025 P<0.01 -
DISCUSSION
1) Based on Vakśa –Vistāraa, it is concluded that Vakśa
vistāraa of Kapha Prakriti, when measured falls into a
highest range of Anguli Pramāṇa, which is more nearer
to Anguli Pramāṇa given by ancient acharyas. Vakśa
Vistāraa for pitta Prakriti was found to be somewhat
less than Kapha Prakriti.Vata Prakriti individuals show a
vakśa Vistāraa which is lowest, ranging between a
range of low Anguli Pramāṇa .
Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa
AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016
1004
2) For Arm length measured, it is concluded that ranges
established for three different Prakriti shows descend-
ing order and same results like Vakśa Vistāraa were
found.
3) The observations of ‘Lalaata Āyāma’ were on higher
side for Pitta Prakriti individuals as compared to Vata
and Kapha Prakriti individuals.
CONCLUSION
From above discussion it may be concluded that the
positive finding of present study (P<0.1) can be em-
ployed to evaluate Prakriti Niśchitīkaran of an individu-
al with the help of Pramāṇa Parīkśa. The study can be
extended by measuring the remaining more body parts
in the form of Anguli Pramāṇa. Study can also be made
accurate by the utilization of radiological examination
of bones of various Prakriti individuals.
ΛΛΛΛ
REFERENCES
i. Charaka Samhita : vimana sthana/8-94 to 117,Prof.
P.V. Sharma
ii. Ashtanga Hridāyāma : Sharir Sthana/3-97 ,Shri
Taraduttapanta Ayurvedacharya. Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Series Office Varanasi. iii. Susruta Samhita: Sharir sthana/4-47,66,70 with B. G.
Ghanekar teeka
iv. Humoral constitution: Science and Physiology of indian
medicine, pages 92,93, Vaidya K. N. Udupa,
R.H.Singh(1990)
v. Anthropometry : The International Committee for stand-
ardization of the Techniques of Physical Anthropometry,
1934, Man, 34,109.
Source of Support: Nil.
Conflict of Interest: None declared
ΛΛΛΛ
How to cite this article: Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti
Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra)
Parīkśa. AAMJ 2016; 5:1001 – 1004.