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Defining the Research Problem

Dr. Eko Pujiyanto , S.Si., M.T.

Jurusan Teknik Industri - Universitas Sebelas Maret

Content

• What Is A Research Problem

• Signifikansi Masalah Riset

• Sources Of Problems

• Steps To Identifying A Research Problem• Steps To Identifying A Research Problem

• Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang Baik

• An Ilustration


Research Process ( Review )


What Is A Research Problem?



• The identification and analysis a research

problem is the first and most crucial step of

research process.

• Defining a research problem is the fuel that • Defining a research problem is the fuel that

drives the scientific process, and is the

foundation of any research method and

experimental design, from true experiment to

case study.


Signifikansi Masalah Riset

1. Perumusan masalah merupakan langkah

awal yang menentukan bagi penyusunan

mata rantai metodologik berikutnya.

2. Dengan perumusan penelitian yang baik, 2. Dengan perumusan penelitian yang baik,

peneliti dapat mengetahui

“prognosis”penelitian yang akan dilakukan.


Signifikansi Masalah Riset

3. Dari rumusan masalah dapat diketahui

konfirmasi ketepatan judul dan tujuan

penelitian yang ditetapkan.

4. Dari rumusan masalah dapat diketahui 4. Dari rumusan masalah dapat diketahui

seberapa jauh penelitian yang dilakukan

berkaitan dengan bobot dan orisinal.


Sources Of Problems

1. Personal experiences of the investigator in the

field of education are the main source for

identifying suitable problem.

2. The other source of problem which is most 2. The other source of problem which is most

frequently used by the investigator as suggested

by the supervisors, is the extensive study of

available literature-research abstracts, journals,

hand-books of research international abstracts

etc.


Sources Of Problems

3. In the choice of a suitable problem, the

researcher has to decide his field of

investigation. He should study the field

intensively in the specific area, this may enable intensively in the specific area, this may enable

him to identify a problem from the specific field.

4. The new innovations, technological changes and

curricular developments are constantly bringing

new problems and new-opportunities for Social

Studies Research.


Sources Of Problems

5. The most practical source of problem is to

consult supervisor, experts of the field and

most experienced person of the field.

6. It is a general practice that researchers 6. It is a general practice that researchers

suggest some problems in their research

reports. The researcher can pick up a suitable

problem for his own study.


Steps to identifying

a research problem

1. Determining the field of research in which a

researcher is keen to do the research work.

2. The researcher should develop the mastery

on the area or it should be the field of his on the area or it should be the field of his

specialization.

3. He should review the researches conducted

in area to know the recent trend and studies

in the area.


Steps to identifying

a research problem

4. On the basis of review, he should consider the

priority field of the study.

5. He should draw an analogy and insight in

identifying a problem or employ his personal identifying a problem or employ his personal

experience of the field in locating the problem.

He may take help of supervisor or expert of the

field.

6. He should pin-point specific aspect of the

problem which is to be investigated


Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang

Baik

1

Substansi

2

Formulasi

3

Teknis



Baik

Subtansi

Masalahbobotatau nilai

Masalahorisinalitaspenelitian



Baik

Formulasi

Pertanyaanyang jelas, tajam danakurat

Memperma-salahkanhubungan antardua variable atau lebih



Baik

TeknisMasalah kelayakan

penelitian itu sendiri.

Pertimbanganpeneliti

Pertimbanganmetodologik

PertimbanganSaranaJurusan Teknik Industri - Universitas Sebelas Maret

Beberapa Kesalahan Perumusan

Masalah

Masalah terlampau luas

Masalah terlampau sempitMasalah terlampau sempit

Masalah mengandungemosi, prasangka, danunsur-unsur yang tidakilmiah.


An Illustration

“Why is productivity in Japan so much higher

than in India”?

In this form the question has a number of

ambiguities such as:

• What sort of productivity is being referred • What sort of productivity is being referred

to?

• With what industries the same is related?

• With what period of time the productivity

is being talked about?


An Illustration

Rethinking and discussions about the

problem may result in narrowing down the

question to:

“What factors were responsible for the

higher labour productivity of Japan’s higher labour productivity of Japan’s

manufacturing industries during the decade

1971 to 1980 relative to India’s

manufacturing industries?”


An Illustration

Further rethinking and rephrasing might place the problem on a still better operational basis

“To what extent did labour productivity in 1971 to 1980 in Japan exceed that of India in 1971 to 1980 in Japan exceed that of India in respect of 15 selected manufacturing industries?

What factors were responsible for the

productivity differentials between the two countries by industries?”


Contoh Perumusan Masalah dari

Skripsi

Bagaimana menetukan setting level optimal dari

faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kuat

tekan, laju keausan dan serapan air paving block tekan, laju keausan dan serapan air paving block

lapisan atas dengan penambahan limbah

lumpur IPAL PDAM.



Disertasi

( Pertanyaan riset pada paragraf terakhir sub

bab latar belakang )

Berdasar kajian literatur di atas, dapat

disimpulkan bahwa perlu dilakukan

pengembangan gipsum Tasikmalaya sebagai pengembangan gipsum Tasikmalaya sebagai

bahan dasar bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi

sebagai scaffold. Beberapa pertanyaan yang

muncul berdasarkan kajian literatur di atas

yaitu: 1). bagaimana karakteristik kimia, fisis dan

sitotoksisitas secara in vitro HAg?,



Disertasi

2). bagaimana proses deposisi serbuk dan

sintering digunakan untuk membuat bone graft

sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold (scaffold

sintetis)? dan 3). bagaimana karakteristik kimia, sintetis)? dan 3). bagaimana karakteristik kimia,

porositas, kekuatan tekan dan sitotoksisitas

secara in vitro bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi

sebagai scaffold (scaffold sintetis)?



Disertasi

Dalam penelitian ini permasalahan khusus

adalah sebagai berikut:

• Bagaimana melakukan sintesis gipsum lokal

Tasikmalaya menjadi serbuk HAg?Tasikmalaya menjadi serbuk HAg?

• Bagaimana karakteristik kimia, fisis dan

sitotoksisitas secara in vitro serbuk HAg?



Disertasi

• Bagaimana melakukan proses deposisi serbuk

dan sintering untuk membuat bone graft

sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold

(scaffold sintetis)? (scaffold sintetis)?

• Bagaimana karakteristik kimia, porositas,

kekuatan tekan dan sitotoksisitas secara in

vitro bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi

sebagai scaffold (scaffold sintetis)?


Pekan Depan

Kajian kritis artikel ilmiah

– Artikel yang relevan

– Cara efektif mencari artikel

– Analisis kritis artikel– Analisis kritis artikel


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