defence data 2007 - eda.europa.eu · in november 2007 the ministerial steering board approved four...
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Defence Data 2007
European Defence AgencyBuilding Capabilities for a Secure Europe
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I n t r o d u c t I o n
The European Defence Agency is collecting defence data on an annual basis. The Ministries of Defence of the Agency’s 26 participating Member States (all EU Member States except Denmark) provide the data and EDA acts as the custodian of these. The numbers presented in this brochure are the collective figures represen-ting sums of the national data collected.The statistics are broken down, based on a list of indicators approved by the Agency’s Ministerial Steering Board. This list has four sections, represented in the headings of the data presented in this brochure:
General■■ : macro-economic data to show how defence budgets relate to GDP and overall government spending; Reform■■ : major categories of defence budgets spending – personnel; investment, including research & technology; operations & maintenance and others – to show on what the defence budgets are spent; European collaboration■■ : for equipment procurement and R&T to show to what extent the Agency’s participating Member States are investing together; Deployability■■ : military deployed in crisis management operations to show the ratio between deployments and the total number of military.
In November 2007 the Ministerial Steering Board approved four collective bench-marks for investment:
Equipment procurement (including R&D/R&T): 20% of total defence ■■
spending; European collaborative equipment procurement: 35% of total equipment ■■
spending; Defence Research & Technology: 2% of total defence spending;■■
European collaborative Defence R&T: 20% of total Defence R&T spending.■■
These benchmarks are collective: they apply to the total sum spent by all partici-pating Member States together. They are voluntary in the sense turning them into national targets is optional. There are no timelines for realising these benchmarks.In its final section this brochure provides the results of the collective benchmarks.The definitions, used for the gathering of the data, and some general caveats are listed at the end of the brochure.
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0
3000
6000
9000
12000
15000
Defence ExpenditureOverall GovernmentExpenditure
GDP
€ 11,316
2006 2007
€ 12,072
€ 5,303
€ 201 € 204
€ 5,525
Billi
ons
of E
uros
+6,7%
+4,2%
+1,5%
GDP, Overall Government Expenditure and Defence Expenditure
GEnErAL – Macro Economic data
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0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Defence Expenditure per CapitaGDP per Capita
€ 21 256€ 22 780
+7,2 %
+1,2 %€ 412 € 417
2006 2007
Euro
s
GEnErAL – Expenditure per capita
GENERAL – Expenditure per Capita
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€ 110,00
€ 38,80€ 43,30
€ 8,90
€ 106,00
€ 41,80€ 47,00
€ 9,20 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
OtherOperations and Maintenance
Investment(EquipmentProcurement,includingR&D/R&T)
Personnel
Billi
ons
of E
uros
2006 2007
-3,6%
+7,7%+8,5%
+3,4%
Defence Expenditure Breakdown in Volume of Money
rEForM – defence Expenditure Breakdown
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Defence Expenditure Breakdown in Rounded-off Percentages
0
20
40
60
80
100
OtherOperations andMaintenance
Investment(EquipmentProcurement,includingR&D/R&T)
Personnel
Perc
enta
ge
2006 2007
€ 201 Bln € 204 Bln
55%
22%
19%
4%
52%
23%
20%
5%
rEForM – defence Expenditure Breakdown
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Other:4,0%
Other:4,5%
2006 2007
Investment:19,4%
Investment: 20,5%
Operations & Maintenance
21,6%
Operations & Maintenance
23,1%Personnel:
55,0%Personnel:
51,9%
Defence Expenditure Breakdown in Exact Percentages
rEForM – defence Expenditure Breakdown
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Equipment Procurement and R&D/R&T in Volume of Money
0
10
20
30
40
50
20072006
€ 29,1
EquipmentProcurement
R&D R&T(Subset of R&D)
Total Investment
€ 32,3+11,0%
-1,3%
-1,6%
+7,7%
€ 38,8€ 41,8
€ 9,672 € 9,545
€2,656 € 2,613
Billi
ons
of E
uros
rEForM – Investment Breakdown
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Other Defence Expenditure:80,6%
Other Defence Expenditure:79,5%
R&T:1,32%
R&T:1,28%
2006
R&D (Includes
R&T):4,8%
R&D (Includes
R&T):4,7%
Defence Equipment
Procurement:14,6%
19,4% 20,5%
Defence Equipment
Procurement:15,8%
2007
Equipment Procurement and R&D/R&T in Exact Percentages
rEForM – Investment Breakdown
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Military and Civilian Personnel Numbers
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
2006 2007
1 940 112
2 424 939 -5,4%
-5,7%
-5,3%
2 294 274
1 836 882
484 827457 392
Military Personnel Civil Personnel
rEForM - Personnel
10
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
€ 103 602
€ 20 002
€ 111 117
€ 22 795
2006 2007
Defence Spendper Military
Investment(Equipment Procurementand R&D per Military)
+7,2%
+13,9%
Defence Spend and Investment per Military
rEForM – Expenditure per Military
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Other Defence Expenditure:
93,0%
Total Outsourcing 2006:€14,1 bln
Total Outsourcing 2007:€14,4 bln
Other Defence Expenditure:
92,9%
Outsourcing:7,0%
Outsourcing:7,1%
Outsourcing in Volume of Money and Percentages
rEForM – outsourcing
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€ 22,44
€ 6,08
€ 0,59
€ 25,45
€ 6,11
€ 0,740
5
10
15
20
25
30
OtherCollaborativeDefence EquipmentProcurement
EuropeanCollaborativeDefenceEquipmentProcurement
NationalDefenceEquipmentProcurement
Billi
ons
of e
uros
2006 2007
€ 29,1 € 32,3
National and Collaborative Equipment Procurement in Volume of Money
EuroPEAn coLLABorAtIon – Equipment Procurement
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National and Collaborative Equipment Procurement in Percentages
National Defence Equipment Procurement:
77,1%
National Defence Equipment Procurement:
78,8%
Other Collaborative
Defence Equipment
Procurement: 2,0%
Other Collaborative
Defence Equipment
Procurement: 2,3%
European Collaborative
Defence Equipment
Procurement: 20,9%
European Collaborative
Defence Equipment
Procurement: 18,9%
2006 2007
EuroPEAn coLLABorAtIon – Equipment Procurement
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0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
Other Collaborative R&T Expenditure
EuropeanCollaborativeR&T Expenditure
National R&TExpenditure
€ 2,271 € 2,178
€ 0,347
€ 0,088€ 0,254
€ 0,131
Billi
ons
of e
uros
2006 2007
National and Collaborative Defence R&T in Volume of Money
EuroPEAn coLLABorAtIon – r&t
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National and Collaborative Defence R&T in Percentages
2006 2007
EuroPEAn coLLABorAtIon – r&t
National R&T Expenditure: 85,5%
European Collaborative R&T
Expenditure:9,6%
European Collaborative R&T
Expenditure:13,3%
Other Collaborative R&T
Expenditure:4,9%
Other Collaborative R&T
Expenditure:3,4%
National R&T Expenditure: 83,3%
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0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000 1 940 1121 836 882
83 300 77 900
Average Numberof Troops Deployed
Number of Military Personnel
2006 2007
Average Number of Troops Deployed in Figures
dEPLoYABILItY – Average number deployed
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Average Number of Troops in Percentages
dEPLoYABILItY – Average number deployed
Remaining Military Personnel:
95,7%
Remaining Military Personnel:
95,8%
Average Number of Troops Deployed:
4,3%
Average Number of Troops Deployed:
4,2%
2006 2007
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0
20
40
60
80
100
Other DefenceExpenditure
Defence EquipmentProcurement & R&D
80,6% 79,5% 80,0%
19,4% 20,5% 20,0%
2006 2007 Benchmark
Defence Equipment (including R&D) as a Percentage of Total Defence Expenditure
BEnchMArks
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European Collaborative Defence Equipment Procurement as a Percentage of Equipment Procurement
0
20
40
60
80
100
79,1% 81,1% 65,0%
20,9% 18,9% 35,0%
2006 2007 Benchmark
Other DefenceExpenditure
Defence EquipmentProcurement & R&D
BEnchMArks
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
98,68% 98,72% 98,00%
1,32% 1,28% 2,00%
2006 2007 Benchmark
Defence R&T Spend Remaining Defence Expenditure
R&T as a Percentage of Defence Expenditure
BEnchMArks
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European Collaborative R&T as a Percentage of R&T
0
20
40
60
80
100
Other DefenceR&T Expenditure
European CollaborativeDefence R&T spend
90,4% 86,7% 80,0%
9,6% 13,3% 20,0%
2006 2007 Benchmark
BEnchMArks
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Data collection is based on definitions approved by the participating Member States. These definitions have been shortened and edited for this publication.
Macroeconomic data: GDP, general government expenditure and population are based on data from ■■
Eurostat.Total defence expenditure: total Ministry of Defence expenditure and defence related expenditure ■■
from other sources (other Ministries special budgetary lines).Military personnel: authorised strengths of all active military personnel on 31 December of each ■■
year.Civilian personnel: authorised strength of all civilian personnel on 31 December of each year.■■
Personnel expenditure: 1) Pay and allowances paid to: military and civilian personnel. 2) Pensions ■■
– only if paid directly by the government (MoD or other State-owned institution) to: retired military and civilian employees.Defence equipment procurement expenditure: expenditure for all major equipment categories.■■
Research and Development (R&D): any R&D programmes up to the point where expenditure for ■■
production of equipment starts to be incurred.Research and Technology (R&T): a subset of R&D - expenditure for basic research, applied research ■■
and technology demonstration for defence purposes.Investment: equipment procurement and R&D (including R&T).■■
Operations and Maintenance (O&M) expenditure: covers O&M (spare parts and supplies) of ■■
major equipment; other equipment and supplies; and costs related to maintaining utilities and infrastructure.Outsourcing: defence expenditure for which services have been contracted at the central level with ■■
service suppliers from outside the MoD and/or Armed Forces.European collaboration: agreement by at least two EU Member States Ministries of Defence for pro-■■
ject or programme contracts. Possible non-EU partners share in such contracts is lower than 50%.Other collaborative expenditure: all collaborative expenditure that does not fall under the European ■■
collaboration definition.Other: all expenditure that cannot be attributed to another category.■■
Average number of troops deployed: average number of troops deployed throughout the year.■■
dEFInItIons
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EDA is receiving the data from the Ministeries of Defence of the 26 participa-■■
ting Member States. On occassions the data can be revised and this may have an impact on overall aggregate figures. In order to have the most up to date data please check EDA’s website for updates: http://www.eda.europa.eu
■■ Data on GDP, General Government Expenditure and Population numbers have been collected from Eurostat. However, this data is occassionaly revised which may impact some of the data used by EDA.
■■ The Data provided is at the aggregate level which can produce different figu-res from other sources due to rounding.
■■ For some spending categories a margin of error exists as accounting systems in the participating Member States differ. Nevertheless, the presented data provide the best publicly available figures.
■■ Comparisons are made for 2006 and 2007. It should be noted that more firm trend analysis will only be possible after several years of data gathering.
AddItIonAL notEs on thE dAtA
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F. +32(0)2 504 28 15
www.eda.europa.eu
Further statistical information and an overview
of EDA activities are available on our website:
http://www.eda.europa.eu
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