deep sea drilling project initial reports volume 75 w. hay, jean-claude sibuet, eric j. barron,...

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Selected sections of Cores 93, 94, 95, 96, and 104 from Hole 530A, showing the red, green, and black shales characteristic ofLithologic Unit 8.

Initial Reportsof the

Deep Sea Drilling Project

A Project Planned by and Carried Out With the Advice of theJOINT OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS FOR DEEP EARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES)

VOLUME LXXV, Part 1covering Leg 75 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel Glomar Challenger

Walvis Bay, South Africa, to Recife, BrazilJuly-September, 1980

PARTICIPATING SCIENTISTS

William W. Hay, Jean-Claude Sibuet,Eric J. Barron, Simon Brassell, Walter E. Dean,

Alain Y. Hue, Barbara H. Keating, Charles L. McNulty, Philip A. Meyers,Masato Nohara, Roger E. Schallreuter, John C. Steinmetz,

Dorrik Stow, Herbert Stradner

SHIPBOARD SCIENCE REPRESENTATIVE

Robert E. Boyce

EDITOR

Rosemary Amidei

Prepared for theNATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

National Ocean Sediment Coring ProgramUnder Contract C-482

By theUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Scripps Institution of OceanographyPrime Contractor for the Project

This material is based upon research supported by the National Sci-ence Foundation under Contract No. C-482.

Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations ex-pressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

It is recommended that reference to the whole or to part of this vol-ume be made in one of the following forms, as appropriate:

Hay, W. W., Sibuet, J.-C, et al., 19 Init. Repts. DSDP, 75:Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office).

Stow, D. A. V., 19 Anatomy of debris-flow deposits. In Hay, W.W., Sibuet, J.-C, et al., Init. Repts. DSDP, 75: Washington(U.S. Govt. Printing Office).

Effective Publication Dates of DSDP Initial Reports

According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the date ofpublication of a work and of a contained name or statement affecting nomenclatureis the date on which the publication was mailed to subscribers, placed on sale, orwhen the whole edition is distributed free of charge, mailed to institutions andindividuals to whom free copies are distributed. The mailing date, not the printeddate, is the correct one.

Mailing dates of the more recent Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Projectare as follows:

Volume 65—January, 1983Volume 66—February, 1982Volume 67—November, 1982Volume 68—October, 1982Volume 69—May, 1983Volume 70—April, 1983Volume 71—September, 1983

June 1984

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 74—603338

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OfficeWashington, D.C. 20402

IV

The world's first major oceanographic expe-dition took place between 1872 and 1876. Thisfour year expedition, aboard the H.M.S. Chal-lenger covering nearly 70,000 nautical milesand gathering oceanographic data from 362 sta-tions, expanded our basic knowledge of theworld's oceans and provided a solid foundationfor future studies in marine geology. A centu-ry later, another vessel also named Challengerhas continued to expand our knowledge of theworld's ocean and has helped revolutionize ourconcepts of how the seafloor and the continentsform and change. The Drilling Vessel GlomarChallenger is plying the same waters as its his-toric counterpart, seeking answers to new ques-tions concerning the history of our planet and

JI O r C W O r Q the life it supports. The continued advancementof knowledge about the fundamental processesand dynamics of the earth will lead to a greaterunderstanding of our planet and more intelli-gent use of its resources.

Since 1968, the Deep Sea Drilling Project hasbeen supported by the National Science Foun-dation, primarily through a contract with theUniversity of California which, in turn, sub-contracts to Global Marine Incorporated forthe services of the D/V Glomar Challenger.Scripps Institution of Oceanography is respon-sible for management of the University con-tract.

Through contracts with Joint OceanographicInstitutions, Inc. (JOI, Inc.), the National Sci-ence Foundation supports the scientific adviso-ry structure for the project and funds pre-drill-ing geophysical site surveys. Scientific planningis conducted under the auspices of the JointOceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sam-pling (JOIDES). The JOIDES advisory groupconsists of over 250 members who make up 24committees, panels and working groups. Themembers are distinguished scientists from aca-demic institutions, government agencies andprivate industry from all over the world.

In 1975, the International Phase of OceanDrilling (IPOD) began. Present IPOD membernations, Federal Republic of Germany, Japan,United Kingdom and France, provide partialsupport of the project. Each member nationtakes an active role in the scientific planning of

the project through membership in JOIDES.Scientists from these countries also participatein the field work aboard the D/V Glomar Chal-lenger and post-cruise scientific studies.

The first ocean coring operations for theDeep Sea Drilling Project began on August 11,1968. During the ensuing years of drilling op-erations in the Atlantic, Pacific and IndianOceans, the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea,Mediterranean Sea, and Antarctic waters, thescientific objectives that had been proposed weresuccessfully accomplished. Primarily, the ageof the ocean basins and their processes of devel-opment were determined. The validity of thehypothesis of sea floor spreading was firmlydemonstrated and its dynamics studied. Em-phasis was placed on broad reconnaissance andtesting the involvement of mid-oceanic ridgesystems in the development of the ocean basin.Later legs of the Challengers voyages concen-trated on the nature of the oceanic crust, thesedimentary history of the passive ocean mar-gins, sediment dynamics along active ocean mar-gins and other areas of interest. The accumu-lated results of this project have led to majornew interpretations of the pattern of sedimenta-tion and the physical and chemical characteris-tics of the ancient oceans.

Technological advances have provided newtools which in turn have opened new dimen-sions of scientific discovery. Since the introduc-tion of the Hydraulic Piston Corer in 1979 vir-tually undisturbed cores of soft sediment layerscan now be obtained. This technological ad-vance has greatly enhanced the ability of scien-tists to study ancient ocean environments, as re-corded by sediment characteristics and flora andfauna preserved in these sedimentary layers.

A second major advance is the use of thehole after it is drilled. The project continuallylogs holes and performs geophysical and geo-chemical studies before, during and after drill-ing. Long term downhole geophysical seismicmonitoring devices have been implanted suc-cessfully in DSDP holes. These new listeningdevices and geophysical studies have providedvaluable information as to the origin and na-ture of the dynamic processes involved withplate tectonics.

These reports contain the results of the ini-tial studies of the recovered core material andthe associated geophysical information. All peo-ple benefit either directly or indirectly from thisfundamental research. Knowledge about pastand present conditions and processes are thefoundations for future predictions and develop-ments. Both short and long term benefits areobtained by advances in drilling technology andinstrumentation. Information is being obtainedabout the origin and geographic distribution ofnatural resources. Just as the H.M.S. Challen-ger had a profound impact on scientific thoughtfor over a century, this second Challenger expe-dition has given and will continue to give agreater understanding of the oceans and theprocesses that form and shape the earth.

Edward A. Knapp,Director

Washington, D.C.July 1983

VI

Recognizing the need in the oceanographiccommunity for scientific planning of a programto obtain deep sedimentary cores from theocean bottoms, four of the major oceanograph-ic institutions that had strong interests and pro-grams in the fields of marine geology and geo-physics formed, in May 1964, the Joint Ocean-ographic Institututions for Deep Earth Sam-pling (JOIDES). This group—Lamont-DohertyGeological Observatory; Rosenstiel School ofMarine and Atmospheric Science, University ofMiami; the Scripps Institution of Oceanogra-

T 3 •PÇΛ /-»^k Pk y ' University of California at San Diego; and-fx "IαC6 the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution—

expressed an interest in undertaking scientificplanning and guidance of the sedimentary drill-ing program. It was the purpose of this groupto foster programs to investigate the sedimentsand rocks beneath the deep oceans by drillingand coring. The membership of the originalgroup was later enlarged, in 1968, when theUniversity of Washington became a memberand again in 1975 when University of HawaiiInstitute of Geophysics, the Oregon State Uni-versity School of Oceanography, the Universityof Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanog-raphy, and Texas A&M University Departmentof Oceanography became members. In accord-ance with international agreements, institutionsof participating nations became members ofJOIDES. Thus, during 1974 to 1976, the Bund-esanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffeof the Federal Republic of Germany, the CentreNational pour 1'Exploitation des Oceans ofFrance, the National Environmental ResearchCouncil of the United Kingdom, the Universityof Tokyo of Japan, and the Academy of Sci-ences of the USSR became JOIDES members.

Through discussions sponsored by theJOIDES organization, with support from theNational Science Foundation, Columbia Uni-versity^ Lamont-Doherty Geological Obser-vatory operated a drilling program in the sum-mer of 1965 on the Blake Plateau region offJacksonville, Florida.

vπ

With this success in hand, planning beganfor a more extensive deep sea effort. Thisresulted in the award of a contract by theNational Science Foundation to the Scripps In-stitution of Oceanography, University of Cali-fornia at San Diego for an eighteen-monthdrilling program in the Atlantic and Pacificoceans, termed the Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP). Operations at sea began in August1968, using the now-famous drilling vessel, theGlomar Challenger.

The goal of the Deep Sea Drilling Projectis to gather scientific information that will helpdetermine the age and processes of develop-ment of the ocean basins. The primary strategyis to drill deep holes into the ocean floor, rely-ing largely on technology developed by thepetroleum industry.

Through the efforts of the principal or-ganizations and of the panel members, whowere drawn from a large cross section of lead-ing earth scientists and associates, a scientificprogram was developed.

Cores recovered from deep beneath theocean floor provide reference material for amultitude of studies in fields such as biostratig-raphy, physical stratigraphy, and paleomag-netism that afford a new scope for investigatingthe physical and chemical aspects of sedimentprovenance, transportation, deposition, anddiagenesis. In-hole measurements, as feasible,provide petrophysical data to permit inferenceof lithology of intervals from which no coreswere recovered.

A report, describing the core materials andinformation obtained both at sea and in lab-oratories onshore, is published after the com-pletion of each cruise. These reports are acooperative effort of shipboard and shore-based scientists and are intended primarily to bea compilation of results which, it is hoped, willbe the starting point for many future new andexciting research programs. Preliminary inter-pretations of the data and observations taken atsea are also included.

Core materials and data collected on eachcruise will be made available to qualified scien-tists through the Curator of the Deep Sea Drill-

ing Project, following a Sample DistributionPolicy (p.xvii) approved by the National Sci-ence Foundation.

The advent of Glomar Challenger, with itsdeep-water drilling capability, is exceedinglytimely. It has come when geophysical investiga-tion of the oceans has matured through 20 to 30years of vigorous growth to the point where wehave some knowledge about much of the for-merly unknown oceanic areas of our planet.About one million miles of traverses have beenmade which tell us much about the global pat-tern of gravity, magnetic and thermal anoma-lies, and about the composition, thickness, andstratigraphy of the sedimentary cover of thedeep sea and continental margin. The coveragewith such data has enabled the site selectionpanels to pick choice locations for drilling. Theknowledge gained from each hole can be ex-tended into the surrounding area. Detailed geo-physical surveys were made for most of theselected locations prior to drilling.

The earth sciences have recently maturedfrom an empirical status to one in which sub-stantial theories and hypotheses about majortectonic processes are flourishing. Theoriesabout the origin of magnetic fields and mag-netic reversals, about ocean floor spreading andcontinental drift, and about the thermal historyof our planet have led to specific predictionsthat could be tested best by an enlightened pro-gram of sampling of deep sea and continentalmargin sediments and underlying rocks.

In October 1975, the International Phaseof Ocean Drilling (IPOD) began. This in-ternational interest, and the true participationof both the scientists and governments of anumber of nations, are eloquent testimony tothe importance of the work being done by theDeep Sea Drilling Project.

The members of JOIDES and DSDP andthe scientists from all interested organizationsand nations who have served on the various ad-visory panels are proud to have been of serviceand believe that the information and core ma-terials that have been obtained will be of valueto students of earth sciences and to all human-ity for many years to come.

viu

Deep SeaDrilling Project

MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS OF THE JOINTOCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS FOR DEEPEARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES):1

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe,Federal Republic of Germany

University of California at San Diego,Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Centre National pour PExploitation des Oceans, Paris

Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty GeologicalObservatory

University of Hawaii, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics

University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine andAtmospheric Science

Natural Environment Research Council, London

Oregon State University, School of Oceanography

University of Rhode Island, Graduate School ofOceanography

Texas A&M University, Department of Oceanography

University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute

University of Washington, Department ofOceanography

U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences2

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Includes member organizations during time of cruise.This institution and its committees and panel members were noncontributing members ofJoides at time of cruise.

OPERATING INSTITUTION:

Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California at San DiegoLa Jolla, CaliforniaW. A. Nierenberg, Director

DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT

Dr. M. N. A. PetersonPrincipal InvestigatorProject Manager

Mr. Robert S. BowerAssistant Project Manager forAdministration and Contracts Officer

Dr. Yves LancelotChief Scientist

Dr. Matthew H. SalisburyAssociate Chief Scientist forScience Operations

Dr. Russell B. MerrillAssociate Chief Scientist forScience Services

Dr. William R. RiedelCurator

Mr. Stanley T. SerockiProject Development Engineer

Mr. Paul PorterOperations Manager

Mr. William T. SoderstromFinance Administrator

Mr. Robert OlivasLogistics Officer

Ms. Sue StrainPersonnel Officer

IX

Participants aboardGLOMAR CHALLENGER for Leg Seventy- five

Dr. William W. HayCo-Chief Scientist

Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc.2600 Virginia Avenue, N. W.Washington, D.C. 20037

Dr. Jean-Claude SibuetCo-Chief Scientist

Centre Océanologique de BretagneB.P 33729273 Brest CedexFrance

Mr. Eric J. BarronSedimentologist

Rosenstiel School of Marineand Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiami, Florida 33149

Mr. Robert E. BoyceStaff Science Representative andPhysical Properties Specialist

Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093

Mr. Simon BrassellOrganic Geochemist

Organic Geochemistry UnitUniversity of BristolBristol BS8 ITSUnited Kingdom

Dr. Walter E. DeanSedimentologist

Branch of Regional GeochemistryU.S. Geological SurveyRO.Box 25046, Mail Stop 925Denver, Colorado 80225

Dr. Alain Y. HueOrganic Geochemist

Institut de RechercheRessources et Matériaux MinérauxUniversité d'Orlėans45045 Orleans CedexFrance

Dr. Barbara H. KeatingPaleomagnetist

Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, Hawaii 96822

Dr. Charles L. McNultyPaleontologist (foraminifers)

Department of GeologyUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlington, Texas 76019

Dr. Philip A. MeyersOrganic Geochemist

Department of Atmospheric andOceanic ScienceUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109

Dr. Masato NoharaSedimentologist/Inorganic Geochemist

Geological Survey of JapanIbaraki 305Japan

Dr. Roger E. SchallreuterSedimentologist

Geologisch-Palaon tologisches InstitutUniversitat Hamburg2 Hamburg 13Federal Republic of Germany

Dr. John C. SteinmetzPaleontologist (nannofossils)

Department of Marine ScienceUniversity of South FloridaSt. Petersburg, Florida 33701

Dr. Dorrik StowSedimentologist

British National Oil Corporation150 St. Vincent StreetGlasgow G2 5LJUnited Kingdom

Dr. Herbert StradnerPaleontologist (nannofossils)

Geological Survey of AustriaA-1031 Wien IIIAustria

Mr. Robert KnappCruise Operations Manager


Mr. Robert ConnollyWeatherman


XI

Captain Loyd E DillMaster of the Drilling Vessel

Global Marine Inc.8369 Vickers StreetSan Diego, California 92111

Mr. A. C. Wheeler, Jr.Drilling Superintendent

Global Marine, Inc.8369 Vickers StreetSan Diego, California 92111

Mr. Dennis GrahamLaboratory Officer


Mr. David AllardCuratorial Representative


Mr. William MeyerChemist


Mr. Larry AxlineLogging Engineer

Gearhart-Owen Wire LineP.O. Box 1258Fort Worth, Texas 76101

Mr. Paul LaughlinElectronics Technician


Mr. Perry DempseySpecial Tools Technician


Mr. Bruce BlumerMarine Technician


Mr. Don MarseeMarine Technician


Mr. James PineMarine Technician


Mr. John ShayMarine Technician


Mr. Kevin ReidPhotographer


Ms. Joanne CollinsYeoperson


Deep Sea Drilling Project Publications Staff

Principal EditorJan H. Blakeslee

EditorsRosemary AmideiMarian G. BaileySusan OrlofskyElizabeth Whalen

Production ManagerRaymond F. Silk

Production AssistantsElaine BruerMadeleine A. Mahnken

Production CoordinatorsMary A. YoungCarolina Bertling

Art-Photo SupervisorVirginia L. Roman

IllustratorsMyrtali AnagnostopoulosVicki CypherdTommy F. HilliardElizabeth Peters (this volume)Alice N. Thompson

xn

JOIDES AdvisoryGroups *

Executive CommitteeDr. James D. Baker, Jr.

University of WashingtonProf. Dr. F. Bender

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. William W. Hay

Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceDr. G. Ross Heath

Oregon State UniversityDr. Charles E. Helsley

Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsSir Peter Kent, F.R.S.

Natural Environment Research CouncilDr. John A. Knauss

University of Rhode IslandDr. Noriyuki Nasu

University of TokyoDr. William A. Nierenberg

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. M. N. A. Peterson (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyMonsieur Gerard Piketty

Centre National pour I'Exploitation des OceansDr. A. V. Sidorenko

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. John Steele, Chairman

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Manik Talwani

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryProfessor T. K. Treadwell, Jr.

Texas A&M UniversityPlanning CommitteeDr. Helmut Beiersdorf

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. William R. Bryant

Texas A&M UniversityDr. Joe R. Cann

University of NewcastleDr. Joe S. Creager

University of WashingtonDr. J. Dymond

Oregon State UniversityDr. John Ewing, Chairman

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Dennis E. Hayes

Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory* Membership at time of cruise.

Dr. Kazuo KobayashiUniversity of Tokyo

Dr. Yves LancelotScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. Xavier LePichonCentre National pour VExploitation des Oceans

Dr. Ralph MoberlyHawaii Institute of Geophysics

Dr. T. C. Moore, Jr.University of Rhode Island

Dr. L. NikitinAcademy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.

Dr. Wolfgang SchlagerUniversity of Miami

Dr. E. L. WintererScripps Institution of Oceanography

Advisory Panel on Sedimentary Petrology

and Physical PropertiesDr. Michael Arthur

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. R. Bennett

National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationDr. J. Conolly

ERA North America Inc.Dr. John W. Handin

Texas A&M UniversityDr. George deVries Klein

University of IllinoisDr. I. N. McCave

University of East AngliaDr. Frederic Mélières

Université Pierre et Marie CurieDr. Ralph Moberly (ex-officio)

Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsDr. O. H. Pilkey

Duke UniversityDr. A. Richards, Chairman

Lehigh UniversityDr. Peter Rothe

Geographisches Institut der Universitat MannheimDr. Matthew H. Salisbury (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyProf. Peter P. Timofeev

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Advisory Panel on Organic GeochemistryDr. Earl W. Baker

Florida Atlantic UniversityDr. Geoffrey Eglinton (ex-officio)

University of Bristol xiu

Dr. J. Gordon ErdmanPhillips Petroleum Company

Dr. Eric M. GalimovAcademy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.

Dr. John M. HuntWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. Keith Kvenvolden, ChairmanU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. Philip A. MeyersUniversity of Michigan

Dr. Ken Pisciotto (ex-officio)Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. Bernd R. T. SimoneitUniversity of California, Los Angeles

Dr. B. TissotInstitut Français du Pétrole

Dr. Dietrich WelteLehrstuhl für Geologie, Geochemie, und Lagerstattendes Erdöls und der Kohle

Dr. E. L. Winterer (ex-officio)Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Advisory Panel on Information HandlingDr. D. W. Appleman, Acting Chairman

Smithsonian InstitutionDr. Thomas A. Davies

Middlebury CollegeDr. H. Glashoff

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. John C. Hathaway

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. A. Loeblich, Jr.

University of California, Los AngelesDr. M. S. Loughridge

National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationDr. T. C. Moore, Jr. (ex-officio)

University of Rhode IslandMr. Peter Woodbury (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. V. V. Zdorovenin

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Industrial Liaison PanelMr. R. L. Adams

Conoco IncorporatedDr. N. P. Budnikov

Ministry of Geology of the U.S.S.R.Mr. Melvin J. Hill

Gulf Oil CorporationDr. Ing. Guenter Peterson

Deutsche Schachtbau und Tiefbohrergesellschaft mbHMr. W. A. Roberts, Chairman

Phillips Petroleum CompanyM. Gilbert Rutman

Societé Nationale des Pétroles d'Aquitaine

Mr. G. WilliamsUnited Kingdom Offshore Operators Association, Ltd.

Advisory Panel on Ocean CrustDr. N. A. Bogdanov

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. Robert G. Coleman

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. J. Dymond (ex-officio)

Oregon State UniversityDr. Rolf Emmermann

Universitàt KarlsruheDr. Paul J. Fox, Chairman

State University of New York-AlbanyDr. Jean Francheteau

Centre National pour VExploitation des OceansDr. Jose Honnorez

Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceDr. H. P. Johnson

University of WashingtonDr. Roger L. Larson

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Ralph Moberly (ex-officio)

Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsDr. James H. Natland (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. M. Ozima

University of TokyoDr. Ralph Stephan

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. John Tarney

University of BirminghamDr. M. Treuil

Institut Physique du GlobeAdvisory Panel on Ocean Margin (Active)Dr. Peter F. Barker

University of BirminghamDr. Rene Blanchet

Université de Bretagne OccidentaleDr. William T. Coulbourn (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Joe S. Creager (ex-officio)

University of WashingtonDr. W. R. Dickinson

University of ArizonaDr. Y. I. Dmitriev

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. D. M. Hussong

Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsDr. Daniel Karig

Cornell UniversityDr. Keith Kvenvolden (ex-officio)

U.S. Geological Survey

xiv

Dr. Xavier LePichon (ex-officio)Centre National pour l'Exploitation des Oceans

Dr. Kazuaki NakamuraUniversity Institute of Tokyo

Dr. Thomas Shipley (ex-officio)Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. Roland von Huene, ChairmanU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. H. W. WaltherBundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe

Dr. Joel S. WatkinsGulf Science and Technology Company

Advisory Panel on Ocean Margin (Passive)Dr. Helmut Beiersdorf (ex-officio)

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. Arnold H. Bouma

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. William R. Bryant (ex-officio)

Texas A&M UniversityDr. Joseph R. Curray

Scripps Institution of OceanographyMr. John A. Grow

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. K. Hinz

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. John M. Hunt (ex-officio)

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. H. Kagami

University of TokyoDr. Yves Lancelot

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. L. Montadert

Institut Français du PétroleProfessor V. Nalivkin

Liteynyi Prospect, LeningradDr. D. G. Roberts

Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, SurreyProfessor Dr. E. Seibold

Universitat KielDr. Robert E. Sheridan, Chairman

University of DelawareDr. S. Snelson

Shell Development CompanyDr. J. Thiede

Universitetet i OsloDr. P. R. Vail

Exxon Production Research CompanyDr. Jan E. Van Hinte

Vrije UniversiteitAdvisory Panel on Pollution Prevention and SafetyDr. N. I. Beliy

Ministry of Gas Industry, U.S.S.R.

Dr. George ClaypoolU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. Brian E. DaviesSohio Petroleum Company

Dr. R. G. Douglas (ex-officio)University of Southern California

Dr. John Ewing (ex-officio)Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. Paul J. Fox (ex-officio)State University of New York-Albany

Dr. Louis E. Garrison, ChairmanU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. H. Grant GoodellUniversity of Virginia

Dr. Arthur E. GreenExxon Production Research Company

Dr. A. J. HornAtherton, California

Dr. Ernst HotzDeminex, Essen, Federal Republic of Germany

Mr. J. LaherrèreCompagnie Français des Pétroles

Dr. Yves LancelotScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. David B. MacKenzieMarathon Oil Company

Dr. A. E. Maxwell (ex-officio)Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. Robert E. Sheridan (ex-officio)University of Delaware

Dr. G. D. TaylorBritish Petroleum Company, Ltd.

Dr. Roland von Huene (ex-officio)U.S. Geological Survey

Advisory Panel on Inorganic GeochemistryDr. J. Dymond (ex-officio)

Oregon State UniversityDr. H. Elderfield

University of LeedsDr. Joris M. Gieskes, Chairman

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Margaret Leinen

University of Rhode IslandDr. Frank T. Manheim

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. Kenneth A. Pisciotto (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. I. D. Ryabchikov

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. Samuel M. Savin

Case Western Reserve UniversityDr. Y. Tardy

Laboratoire de Pédologie et Géochemie, Toulousexv

Dr. K. H. WedepohlGeochemisches Institut der Universitat, Göttingen

Stratigraphic Correlations PanelDr. V. A. Basov

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. R. H. Benson

Smithsonian InstitutionDr. P. Cepek

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. Joe S. Creager (ex-officio)

University of WashingtonDr. D. Graham Jenkins

Open University, BuckinghamshireDr. Catherine Nigrini

La Habra Heights, CaliforniaDr. Richard Z. Poore, Chairman

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. J. B. Saunders

Naturhistorisches Museum, BaselDr. J. L. Usher (ex-officio) (deceased)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDownhole Measurements PanelDr. Heinz Beckmann

Technische Universitat ClausthalMr. R. E. Boyce (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. William R. Bryant (ex-officio)

Texas A&M UniversityDr. N. Christensen

University of WashingtonDr. R. Hyndman, Chairman

Pacific Geoscience Centre, Sidney, BCMr. A. H. Jageler

Amoco Production Research CompanyDr. Hajimu Kinoshita

Chiba UniversityDr. D. H. Matthews

University of CambridgeDr. Yuri Neprochnov

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. Vince Renard

Centre National pour I'Exploitation des OceansDr. A. Richards

Lehigh UniversityMr. J. R. Severns

McCulloh Oil CorporationAdvisory Panel on Ocean PaleoenvironmentDr. Charles Adelseck, Jr. (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Wolfgang Berger

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Hervé Chamley

Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille

Dr. Robert G. Douglas, ChairmanUniversity of Southern California

Dr. G. Eglinton (ex-officio)University of Bristol

Dr. Dieter FüttererGeol.-Palaontol. Inst. der Univ. Kiel

Dr. James HaysLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. Hugh C. JenkynsUniversity of Oxford

Dr. James P. KennettUniversity of Rhode Island

Dr. T. C. Moore, Jr. (ex-officio)University of Rhode Island

Dr. William RuddimanLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. S. O. SchlangerUniversity of Hawaii

Dr. W. V. SliterU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. Y. lakayanagiTohoku University

Dr. P. P. TimofeevAcademy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.

Dr. E. L. Winterer (ex-officio)Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Advisory Panel on Site SurveyingDr. Robert G. Douglas (ex-officio)

University of Southern CaliforniaDr. Paul J. Fox (ex-officio)

State University of New York-AlbanyDr. Dennis E. Hayes (ex-officio)

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. E. J. W. Jones, Chairman

University of LondonDr. Brian T. R. Lewis

University of WashingtonDr. Shozaburo Nagumo

University of TokyoDr. Philip D. Rabinowitz (ex-officio)

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Wolfgang Schlager (ex-officio)

University of MiamiDr. Roland Schlich

Institut Physique du GlobeDr. A. A. Schreider

Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.Dr. Robert E. Sheridan (ex-officio)

University of DelawareDr. Thomas Shipley (ex-officio)

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Roland von Huene (ex-officio)

U.S. Geological SurveyDr. Wilfried Weigel

Universitat Hamburg

xvi

Deep Sea Drilling ProjectSAMPLE DISTRIBUTION POLICY*

Distribution of Deep Sea Drilling samples for investi-gation will be undertaken in order to (1) provide sup-plementary data to support GLOMAR CHAL-LENGER scientists in achieving the scientific objec-tives of their particular cruise, and in addition toserve as a mechanism for contributions to the InitialReports; (2) provide individual investigators with ma-terials that are stored with samples for reference andcomparison purposes.

The National Science Foundation has established aSample Distribution Panel to advise on the distribu-tion of core materials. This panel is chosen in accord-ance with usual Foundation practices, in a mannerthat will assure advice in the various disciplines lead-ing to a complete and adequate study of the cores andtheir contents. Funding for the proposed researchmust be secured separately by the investigator. Itcannot be provided through the Deep Sea DrillingProject.

The Deep Sea Drilling Projecfs Curator is responsi-ble for distributing the samples and controlling theirquality, as well as preserving and conserving core ma-terial. He also is responsible for maintaining a recordof all samples that have been distributed, shipboardand subsequent, indicating the recipient and the na-ture of the proposed investigation. This informationis made available to all investigators of DSDP ma-terials as well as to other interested researchers onrequest.The distribution of samples is made directly from oneof the two existing repositories, Lamont-DohertyGeological Observatory and Scripps Institution ofOceanography, by the Curator or his designatedrepresentative.

1. Distribution of Samples for Research Leading toContributions to Initial Reports

Any investigator who wishes to contribute a paper toa given volume of the Initial Reports may write to theChief Scientist, Deep Sea Drilling Project (A-031),Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University ofCalifornia at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093,U.S.A., requesting samples from a forthcomingcruise. Requests for a specific cruise should be re-ceived by the Chief Scientist two months in advanceof the departure of the cruise in order to allow timefor the review and consideration of all requests andto establish a suitable shipboard sampling program.The request should include a statement of the nature

of the study proposed, size and approximate numberof samples required to complete the study, and anyparticular sampling technique or equipment thatmight be required. The requests will be reviewed bythe Chief Scientist of the Project and the cruise co-chief scientists; approval will be given in accordancewith the scientific requirements of the cruise as deter-mined by the appropriate JOIDES advisory panel(s).If approved, the requested samples will be taken, ei-ther by the shipboard party if the workload permitsor by the curatorial staff shortly following the returnof the cores to the repository. Proposals must be of ascope to ensure that samples can be processed and acontribution completed in time for publication in theInitial Reports. Except for rare, specific instances in-volving ephemeral properties, sampling will not ex-ceed one-quarter of the volume of core recovered,with no interval being depleted and one-half of allcore being retained as an archive. Shipboard sam-pling shall not exceed approximately 100 igneoussamples per investigator; in all cases co-chief scien-tists are requested to keep sampling to a minimum.

The co-chief scientists may elect to have special stud-ies of selected core samples made by other investiga-tors. In this event the names of these investigatorsand complete listings of all materials loaned or dis-tributed must be forwarded, if possible prior to thecruise or as soon as possible following the cruise, tothe Chief Scientist through the DSDP Staff ScienceRepresentative for that particular cruise. In suchcases, all requirements of the Sample DistributionPolicy shall also apply.If a dispute arises or if a decision cannot be reachedin the manner prescribed, the NSF Sample Distribu-tion Panel will conduct the final arbitration.Any publication of results other than in the InitialReports within twelve (12) months of the completionof the cruise must be approved and authored by thewhole shipboard party and, where appropriate,shore-based investigators. After twelve months, in-dividual investigators may submit related papers foropen publication provided they have submitted theircontributions to the Initial Reports. A paper too latefor inclusion in the Initial Reports for a specificcruise may not be published elsewhere until publica-tion of that Initial Reports for which it was intended.Notice of submission to other journals and a copy ofthe article should be sent to the DSDP Staff ScienceRepresentative for that leg.

•Revised October 1976

xvu

2. Distribution of Samples for Research Leading toPublication Other than in Initial Reports

A. Researchers intending to request samples forstudies beyond the scope of the Initial Reportsshould first obtain sample request forms fromthe Curator, Deep Sea Drilling Project(A-031), Scripps Institution of Oceanography,University of California at San Diego, LaJolla, California 92093, U.S.A. On the formsthe researcher is requested to specify the quan-tities and intervals of the core required, makea clear statement of the proposed research,state time required to complete and submitresults for publication, and specify the statusof funding and the availability of equipmentand space foreseen for the research.

In order to ensure that all requests for highlydesirable but limited samples can be consid-ered, approval of requests and distribution ofsamples will not be made prior to 2 months af-ter publication of the Initial Core Descriptions(I.C.D.). ICD's are required to be publishedwithin 10 months following each cruise. Theonly exceptions to this policy will be for spe-cific instances involving ephemeral properties.Requests for samples can be based on the Ini-tial Core Descriptions, copies of which are onfile at various institutions throughout theworld. Copies of original core logs and dataare kept on open file at DSDP and at the Re-pository at Lamont-Doherty Geological Ob-servatory, Palisades, New York. Requests forsamples from researchers in industrial labora-tories will be handled in the same manner asthose from academic organizations, with thesame obligation to publish results promptly.

B. (1) The DSDP Curator is authorized to dis-tribute samples to 50 ml per meter of core. Re-quests for volumes of material in excess of thisamount will be referred to the NSF SampleDistribution Panel for review and approval.Experience has shown that most investigationscan be accomplished with samples 10 ml orsmaller. All investigators are encouraged to beas judicious as possible with regard to samplesize and, especially, frequency within anygiven core interval. The Curator will not auto-matically distribute any parts of the coreswhich appear to be in particularly high de-mand; requests for such parts will be referredto the Sample Distribution Panel for review.Requests for samples from thin layers or im-portant stratigraphic boundaries will also re-quire Panel review.

(2) If investigators wish to study certain prop-erties which may deteriorate prior to the nor-mal availability of the samples, they may re-quest that the normal waiting period not ap-ply. All such requests must be reviewed by theCurator and approved by the NSF SampleDistribution Panel.

C. Samples will not be provided prior to assur-ance that funding for sample studies either ex-ists or is not needed. However, neither formalapproval of sample requests nor distributionof samples will be made until the appropriatetime (Item A). If a sample request is depen-dent, either wholly or in part, on proposedfunding, the Curator is prepared to provide tothe organization to whom the funding pro-posal has been submitted any information onthe availability (or potential availability) of sam-ples that it may request.

D. Investigators receiving samples are responsiblefor:(1) publishing significant results; contribu-tions shall not be submitted for publicationprior to 12 months following the terminationof the appropriate leg;(2) acknowledging, in publications, that sam-ples were supplied through the assistance ofthe U.S. National Science Foundation andothers as appropriate;(3) submitting five (5) copies (for distributionto the Curator's file, the DSDP repositories,the GLOMAR CHALLENGERS library, andthe National Science Foundation) of all re-prints of published results to the Curator,Deep Sea Drilling Project (A-031), Scripps In-stitution of Oceanography, University of Cali-fornia at San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, U.S.A.;(4) returning, in good condition, the remain-ders of samples after termination of research,if requested by the Curator.

E. Cores are made available at repositories forinvestigators to examine and to specify exactsamples in such instances as may be necessaryfor the scientific purposes of the sampling,subject to the limitations of B (1 and 2) and D,above, with specific permission of the Curatoror his delegate.

F. Shipboard-produced smear slides of sedimentsand thin sections of indurated sediments, ig-neous, and metamorphic rocks will be re-turned to the appropriate repository at the endof each cruise or at the publication of the Ini-tial Reports for that cruise. These smear slides

xvin

and thin sections will form a reference collec-tion of the cores stored at each repository andmay be viewed at the respective repositories asan aid in the selection of core samples.

3. Reference CentersAs a separate and special category, samples will bedistributed for the purpose of establishing up to fivereference centers where paleontologic materials willbe available for reference and comparison purposes.The first of these reference centers has been approvedat Basel, Switzerland.

Data Distribution Policy

Data gathered on board D/V Glomar Challengerand in DSDP shore laboratories are available to allresearchers 12 months after the completion of eachcruise. The files are part of a coordinated computerdatabase, fully searchable and coordinated to otherfiles. Data sets representing a variety of geologic en-vironments can be arranged for researchers who maywish to manipulate the database directly.

Most data requests are filled free of charge, exceptif they are unusually large or complex and directcosts exceed $50.

When data are used for publication, the NationalScience Foundation must be acknowledged and DSDPprovided with five reprints for inclusion in the DSDPindex of publications and investigations. Requestsfor data should be submitted to:

Data Manager, Deep Sea Drilling ProjectScripps Institution of Oceanography (A-031)University of California, San DiegoLa Jolla, California 92093Telephone: (714) 452-3526Cable Address: SIOCEAN

I. The database includes files generally available bothin digital form on magnetic tape and as microfilmcopies of the original observation forms.

A. Geophysical data include underway bathym-etry, magnetics, and sub-bottom profiles;bathymetry data exist both as 12-kHz and3.5-kHz records. Underway data are pro-cessed by DSDP and the Geological DataCenter at Scripps Institution of Oceanogra-phy (SIO). Seismic records are available inmicrofilm and photographic prints.

B. Physical property data obtained on boardGlomar Challenger include:

Analytical water content, porosity, anddensity

Density and porosity by Gamma Ray At-tenuation Porosity Evaluator (GRAPE)

Acoustic velocity by Hamilton FrameMethod

Thermal conductivityHeat flow (in situ)Natural gamma radiation (discontinued

after Leg 19)Well logs

C. Sediment data obtained on board ship andfrom core samples in DSDP shore laborato-ries include:

Core photographsVisual core descriptionsSmear slide descriptionsX-ray diffractionX-ray fluorescenceTotal carbon, organic carbon, and carbon-

ate determinationsGrain-size determinations (sand, silt, clay)Interstitial water chemistryGas chromatography

D. Igneous rock data include:Core photographsVisual core descriptionsRock chemistryPaleomagneticsThin-section descriptions

E. Paleontologic data include fossil names,abundance, preservation, and age of sampleand are available, for selected sites, for Ter-tiary and Mesozoic taxa. Range charts can begenerated from the database, using the lineprinter. A glossary of fossil names is availableon microfiche or magnetic tape.

F. Ancillary files include:Site positionsSub-bottom depths of coresMaster Guide File (a searchable core data

summary file)

II. Additional publications, aids to research, are pe-riodically updated and distributed to libraries.Single copies, at no charge, are distributed onmicrofiche at 48X magnification, except for theData Datas (C, opposite), which are at 24X. Theyinclude:A. Guides to DSDP Core Materials, a series of

printed summaries containing maxima, min-ima, and typical values for selected observa-tions. Guides are available for each of the

xix

major ocean basins and for Phases I, II, andIII of the drilling program. The source datasummary file is also available.

B. Index to Initial Reports and Subsequent Pub-lications and Investigations is a comprehen-sive key word index to chapters of the InitialReports and to papers and investigations inprogress which cite DSDP samples or data.The Index and its annotated bibliographyserve to inform researchers of other investiga-tors working on similar projects. Each paperis assigned key words for field of study, ma-terial, geographic area, and geologic age. Acomplete citation, including the assigned keywords, is printed in the bibliography. Key wordsare permuted to form a comprehensive cross-index to the author reference list.

C. Data Data, a series of informal memorandaproviding a quick reference to accessible data,is available on microfiche. Also available isa site position map to assist researchers inlarge-area studies. (Site positions are plottedon a bathymetry map compiled by the SIOGeologic Data Center.)

D. Data Retrieval and Application ComputerPrograms to perform data management andretrieval functions and a set of programs de-signed to provide special graphic displays ofdata are available; they may be of limited usebecause of differences in computer hardware.All current programs are written in ALGOLfor a Burroughs 7800 computer system. Soft-ware inquiries may be addressed to the DataManager.

xx

CONTENTS

Chapter Page Chapter Page

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

INTRODUCTION AND EXPLANATORYNOTES, DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECTLEG 75Shipboard Scientific Party

PART I SITE CHAPTERS

2. SITE 530: SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OFTHE ANGOLA BASIN 29Shipboard Scientific Party

3. SITE 531: WALVIS RIDGE 287Shipboard Scientific Party

4. SITE 532: WALVIS RIDGE 295Shipboard Scientific Party

PART II SYNTHESIS CHAPTERS

5. SUMMARY OF BIOSTRATIGRAPHY ANDMAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY OF DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT LEG 75 449J. C. Steinmetz, E. J. Barron, A. Boersma,B. Keating, C. McNulty, C. Sancetta, andH. Stradner

6. ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF SEDI-MENTS FROM THE ANGOLA BASINAND THE WALVIS RIDGE: A SYNTHESISOF STUDIES FROM DEEP SEA DRILL-ING PROJECT LEG 75 459P. A. Meyers

7. EARLY EVOLUTION OF THE SOUTHATLANTIC OCEAN: ROLE OF THERIFTING EPISODE 469J.-C. Sibuet, W. W. Hay, A. Prunier,L. Montadert, K. Hinz, and J. Fritsch

8. THE EASTERN WALVIS RIDGE ANDADJACENT BASINS (SOUTH ATLAN-TIC): MORPHOLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY,AND STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION INLIGHT OF THE RESULTS OF LEGS 40AND 75 483J.-C. Sibuet, W W. Hay, A. Prunier,L. Montadert, K. Hinz, and J. Fritsch

9. GEOLOGIC EVOLUTION, SEDIMENTA-TION, AND PALEOENVIRONMENTS OFTHE ANGOLA BASIN AND ADJACENTWALVIS RIDGE: SYNTHESIS OFRESULTS OF DEEP SEA DRILLINGPROJECT LEG 75 509W. E. Dean, W W. Hay, and J.-C. Sibuet

xxi

CONTENTS


PART III PALEONTOLOGY, BIOSTRATIGRAPHY,AND PALEOECOLOGY

18.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

CRETACEOUS FORAMINIFERS OF HOLE53OA, LEG 75, DEEP SEA DRILLINGPROJECTC. L. McNulty

547 19.

CRETACEOUS CALCAREOUS NANNO-FOSSILS FROM THE ANGOLA BASIN,DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT SITE 530.. 565H. Stradner and J. C. Steinmetz with acontribution by Lilian Svábenická

PRESERVATION OF CALCAREOUS NAN-NOFOSSILS AND FINE-GRAINED CAR-BONATE PARTICLES IN MID-CRETA-CEOUS SEDIMENTS FROM THESOUTHERN ANGOLA BASIN, SITE 530 . . . . 651P. H. Roth

PLIOCENE PLANKTONIC AND BEN-THIC FORAMINIFERS FROM THESOUTHEASTERN ATLANTIC ANGOLAMARGIN: LEG 75, SITE 532, DEEP SEADRILLING PROJECTA. Boersma

CENOZOIC CALCAREOUS NANNOFOS-SILS FROM DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJ-ECT LEG 75, SOUTHEAST ATLANTICOCEANJ. C. Steinmetz and H. Stradner

21

22.

657

DIATOMS FROM LEG 75, DEEP SEADRILLING PROJECTC. Sancetta

671

755

PALYNOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR LATECENOZOIC ARID CONDITIONS ALONGTHE NAMIBIA COAST FROM HOLES 532AND 530A, LEG 75, DEEP SEA DRILL-ING PROJECT 763E. M. van Zinderen Bakker, Sr.

PART IV SEDIMENTOLOGY AND INORGANICGEOCHEMISTRY

23.

24.

25.

26.

17. CRETACEOUS TO RECENT SUBMARINEFANS IN THE SOUTHEAST ANGOLABASIND. A. V. Stow

771

TURBIDITE FACIES, ASSOCIATIONS,AND SEQUENCES IN THE SOUTHEAST-ERN ANGOLA BASIND. A. V. Stow

785

ANATOMY OF DEBRIS-FLOW DEPOSITS... 801D. A. V. Stow

20. MIDDLE CRETACEOUS BLACK SHALESAT SITE 530 IN THE SOUTHEASTERNANGOLA BASIND. A. V. Stow and W. E. Dean

809

ORIGIN AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF CRE-TACEOUS DEEP-SEA BLACK SHALESAND MULTICOLORED CLAYSTONES,WITH EMPHASIS ON DEEP SEA DRILL-ING PROJECT SITE 530, SOUTHERNANGOLA BASINW. E. Dean, M. A. Arthur, andD. A. V. Stow

SIGNIFICANCE OF CLAY MINERALOGI-CAL AND GEOCHEMICAL DATA,WALVIS RIDGE, SOUTHEAST ATLAN-TIC, LEG 75, DEEP SEA DRILLINGPROJECTH. Maillot and C. Robert

MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY, AND DIA-GENESIS OF SEDIMENTS AT SITE 530,SOUTHEAST ANGOLA BASIND. A. V. Stow and J. Miller

FRAMBOIDAL PYRITE IN DEEP-SEASEDIMENTSR. Schallreuter

OCCURRENCE OF INOCERAMUS INTHE SOUTH ATLANTIC AND OXYGENISOTOPIC PALEOTEMPERATURES INHOLE 53OAE. J. Barron, E. Saltzman, and D. A. Price

819

845

857

875

893

CARBONATE AND ORGANIC-CARBONCYCLES AND THE HISTORY OF UP-WELLING AT DEEP SEA DRILLINGPROJECT SITE 532, WALVIS RIDGE,SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 905J. V. Gardner, W. E. Dean, and C. R. Wilson

iii


27. INORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF SEDI-MENTS AND ROCKS RECOVEREDFROM THE SOUTHERN ANGOLA BASINAND ADJACENT WALVIS RIDGE, SITES530 AND 532, DEEP SEA DRILLINGPROJECT LEG 75W. E. Dean and N. L. Parduhn

28. INTERSTITIAL WATER STUDIES, DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT, LEG 75J. M. Gieskes, K. Johnston, M. Boehm, andM. Nohara

PART V ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY

36.

.1051923

959

37.

38.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

GEOCHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC CARBONIN SOUTH ATLANTIC SEDIMENTSFROM DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECTLEG 75P. A. Meyers, S. C. Brassell, and A. Y. Hue

ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF CRETA-CEOUS BLACK SHALES FROM DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT SITE 530, LEG75, EASTERN SOUTH ATLANTICG. Deroo, J. P. Herbin, and A. Y. Huc

MIGRATION OF Q TO C8 VOLATILEORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN SEDIMENTSFROM THE DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJ-ECT, LEG 75, HOLE 53OAJ. P. Jasper, J. K. Whelan, and J. M. Hunt

ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL COMPARI-SON OF CRETACEOUS GREEN ANDBLACK CLAYSTONES FROM HOLE 53OAIN THE ANGOLA BASINP. A. Meyers, T. W. Trull, and O. E. Kawka

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS OF ACRETACEOUS BLACK SHALE AND ITSADJACENT GREEN CLAYSTONE FROMTHE SOUTHERN ANGOLA BASIN, DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT LEG 75S. C. Brassell

967

ORGANIC CARBON ISOTOPIC COMPO-SITION IN CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTS,ANGOLA BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN AT-LANTIC, DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJ-ECT SITE 530M. Nohara, T. Ishizuka, and J. M. Gieskes

C2-C8 HYDROCARBONS IN SEDIMENTSFROM DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECTLEG 75, HOLES 53OA, ANGOLA BASIN,AND 532, WALVIS RIDGE 1055R. G. Schaefer and D. Leythaeuser

GEOCHEMISTRY AND PETROGRAPHYOF ORGANIC MATTER IN SEDIMENTSFROM HOLE 530A, ANGOLA BASIN,AND HOLE 532, WALVIS RIDGE, DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT 1069J. Rullkötter, P. K. Mukhopadhyay, andD. H. Welte

39.

983

,1001

GEOLIPID COMPARISON OF BIOGENICSEDIMENTS FROM DEEP SEA DRILL-ING PROJECT HOLES 530B, ANGOLABASIN, AND 532, WALVIS RIDGE 1089P. A. Meyers and K. W. Dunham

PART VI IGNEOUS PETROLOGY ANDGEOCHEMISTRY

.1099

.1031

34. ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTEROF SELECTED CORES, DEEP SEADRILLING PROJECT HOLE 530AB. J. Katz

35. ORGANIC FACIES VARIATIONS IN THEMESOZOIC SOUTH ATLANTIC 1035D. Gilbert

40. PETROLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OFROCKS FROM THE ANGOLA BASIN AD-JACENT TO THE WALVIS RIDGE: DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT LEG 75, SITE

.1009 530S. E. Humphris and G. Thompson

PART VII PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

.1019 41. GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDI-MENTS FROM WALVIS RIDGE, DEEPSEA DRILLING PROJECT, LEG 75, HOLE532A 1109Geotechnical Consortium

42. INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SEDI-MENT COMPOSITION, COMPACTION,PORE SPACE, AND SHRINKAGE, LEG75, HOLE 532A 1129A. Wetzel

IV


43. DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT DRILLSITES 530 AND 532 IN THE ANGOLABASIN AND ON THE WALVIS RIDGE:INTERPRETATION OF INDUCTION LOGDATA, SONIC LOG DATA, AND LABO-RATORY SOUND VELOCITY, DENSITY,POROSITY-DERIVED REFLECTION CO-EFFICIENTS, AND VANE SHEARSTRENGTH 1137R. E. Boyce

44. LEG 75 METHODS FOR LABORATORY-MEASURED PHYSICAL PROPERTIES,GEARHART-OWEN WELL LOGS, ANDTHE UYEDA DOWNHOLE TEMPERA-TURE PROBE 1179R. E. Boyce

PART VIII GEOPHYSICS

45. MULTICHANNEL SEISMIC REFLECTIONSURVEY OF THE SOUTHEASTERN AN-GOLA BASIN 1191L. A. Musgrave and J. A. Austin, Jr.

46. MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY OF CRETA-CEOUS AND EARLY CENOZOIC SEDI-MENTS OF DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJ-ECT SITE 530, ANGOLA BASIN 1211B. H. Keating and E. Herrero-Bervera

47. MAGNETOMETER MEASUREMENTS ONTHE DRILLING FLOOR OF THEGLOMAR CHALLENGER: POSSIBLECAUSES OF ROCK REMAGNETIZATION .. .1219B. H. Keating

PART IX OTHER

48. LABORATORY-DETERMINED SOUNDVELOCITY, POROSITY, WET-BULK DEN-SITY, ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE, ACOUS-TIC ANISOTROPY, AND REFLECTIONCOEFFICIENTS FOR CRETACEOUS-JURASSIC TURBIDITE SEQUENCES ATDEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT SITES370 AND 416 OFF THE COAST OFMOROCCO 1229R. E. Boyce

49. MIDDLE EOCENE TO OLIGOCENEPLANKTONIC DIATOM STRATIGRAPHYFROM DEEP SEA DRILLING SITES INTHE SOUTH ATLANTIC, EQUATORIALPACIFIC, AND INDIAN OCEANS 1245J. Fenner

50. OLIGOCENE AND OTHER TERTIARYBENTHIC FORAMINIFERS FROM ADEPTH TRAVERSE DOWN WALVISRIDGE, DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECTLEG 74, SOUTHEAST ATLANTIC 1273A. Boersma

APPENDIX I. GRAIN-SIZE ANALYSES 1301G. R. Bode

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The foundations for Leg 75 of the Deep Sea Drilling Proj-ect were laid by geophysical surveys conducted in 1977 by theInstitut Français du Pétrole and the Centre National pour1'Exploitation des Oceans aboard the R/V Le Resolution andin 1978 by the Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Roh-stoffe aboard the R/V Explora. Le Resolution used a 48-chan-nel system to make a regional survey, covering 3640 km, of theeastern Walvis Ridge and the Cape and Angola basins. TheExplora carried out a more restricted regional survey of theeasternmost Walvis Ridge and immediately adjacent parts ofthe Cape and Angola basins, using a 48-channel system toproduce 4350 km of records.

Final site surveys were conducted in 1979 by the Universityof Texas Institute of Geophysics on board the R/V Fred H.Moore.

We want to thank particularly Lucien Montadert of theI.F.P., Karl Hinz and J. Fritsch of the B.G.R., and JamesAustin of the U.T.I.G. for organizing and carrying out thesegeophysical surveys.

Objectives of the 1977 and 1978 cruises were defined by aFrench and German team including individuals involved inthe national French and German IPOD panels. We wish tothank them particularly for their cooperation and encourage-ment.

Data from these cruises relevant to Leg 75 sites have beenincorporated in the IPOD data bank at Lamont-DohertyGeological Observatory. We acknowledge with thanks thework of the JOIDES Advisory Panel on Passive Margins andthe JOIDES Advisory Panel on Organic Geochemistry whichproposed and endorsed Leg 75 objectives. After the cruise,the Organic Geochemistry Panel organized the sampling anddistribution of frozen core materials.

The Glomar Challenger was commanded by Captain LoydDill, who was very cooperative. The Scientific Party wishes tothank the entire Global Marine crew for their excellent workand care in taking and recovering cores.

The Deep Sea Drilling Project cruise operations managerwas Robert Knapp, who oversaw drilling operations andmaintained excellent liaison between the scientific party andthe drilling crew. His concerns, advice, and highly profession-al attitude were very much appreciated by the scientific party.

The marine technician support staff was headed by DennisGraham, and David Allard was curatorial representative. Thetechnicians performed their duties efficiently and expertly.

Larry Axline of Gearhart-Owen carried out the loggingoperations.

Robert E. Boyce served as scientific representative of theDeep Sea Drilling Project. Lola Boyce typed many of themanuscripts, and Rosemary Amidei served as editor for thisleg.

IPOD France has encouraged many of the shore labo-ratory investigations reported in this volume.

The co-chief scientists acknowledge the support of JointOceanographic Institutions, Inc., of the Centre National pourPExploitation des Oceans and of IPOD France in makingtheir participation and work possible.