deep sea drilling project initial reports volume 14

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Initial Reportsof the

Deep Sea Drilling Project

A Project Planned by and Carried Out With the Advice of theJOINT OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS FOR DEEP EARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES)

Volume XIVcovering Leg 14 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel Glomar Challenger

Lisbon, Portugal to San Juan, Puerto RicoOctober-December 1970

PARTICIPATING SCIENTISTS

Dennis E. Hayes, Anthony C. Pimm, Jean P. Beckmann, William E. Benson,Wolfgang H. Berger, Peter H. Roth, Peter R. Supko, Ulrich von Rad

SCIENCE EDITOR

Anthony C. Pimm

Prepared for theNATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATIONNational Ocean Sediment Coring Program

Under Contract C-482By the

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIAScripps Institution of Oceanography

Prime Contractor for the Project

References to this Volume

It is recommended that reference to whole or part of this volume bemade in one of the following forms, as appropriate:

Hayes, D. E., Pimm, A. C, et al, 1972, Initial Reports of the DeepSea Drilling Project, Volume XIV, Washington (U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office) ....+._„ pp.

Beckmann, J. P., 1972, The Foraminifera and Some AssociatedMicrofossils of Sites 135 to 144; in Hayes, D. E., Pimm, A. C,et al., 1972, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project,Volume XIV, Washington (U.S. Government Printing Office)....+.... pp.

Printed: September 1972

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 74-603338

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402- Price $11.50

IV

ForewordThe year 1972 marks the 100th anni-

versary of H.M.S. CHALLENGER—afterwhich D/V GLOMAR CHALLENGER isnamed. It is fitting that our century shouldhave its counterpart to the famous ship of the19th century, which helped establish ocean-ography as a science through her voyages. It isequally fitting that GLOMAR CHALLENGERshould be plying the same waters one centurylater seeking answers to new problems concern-ing the history of our planet and of life on it.The fundamental advancement of our knowl-edge of the earth will lead to enhanced capabili-ties to understand its processes and to exploitits natural resources intelligently.

The Deep Sea Drilling Project is beingundertaken within the context of the NationalScience Foundation^ Ocean Sediment CoringProgram. The Foundation is funding the projectby means of a contract with the University ofCalifornia, and the Scripps Institution of Ocean-ography is responsible for its management. TheUniversity has, in turn, subcontracted withGlobal Marine Incorporated for the services ofthe drilling ship, GLOMAR CHALLENGER.Scientific planning, both of the detailed itineraryand of the preliminary analyses leading to theseInitial Reports, has been conducted under theauspices of the Joint Oceanographic Institutionsfor Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES). TheJOIDES consortium has convened severalpanels for that purpose, consisting of a largenumber of distinguished scientists from aca-demic institutions, government agencies, andprivate industry. Altogether, the project hasinvolved the active interest and participationof many of the Nation's best scientists and tech-nologists. Leading scientists from abroad haveparticipated and their countries have madecontributions to the project.

The first ocean coring operations for theDeep Sea Drilling Project began on August 11,1968. During the ensuing 18 months of drillingoperations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans,the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea,the scientific objectives that had been set forthwere successfully accomplished. Primarily, theage of the ocean basins and their processes of

development were determined. Emphasis wasplaced on broad reconnaissance and on testingthe involvement of the mid-oceanic rise systemsin the development of the ocean basins.

As a result of the success of the Deep SeaDrilling Project, the National Science Founda-tion extended its contract with the Universityof California to encompass an additional 30months of drilling, allowing GLOMAR CHAL-LENGER to continue operations throughoutthe oceans of the world in exploring the deepocean floors. This extension includes a broadgeographic range of operations in the Atlantic,Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and the Mediter-ranean, Caribbean, Bering, and Red Seas. Theultimate goal is a fundamental advancement ofour knowledge of the earth.

These reports contain the results of initialstudies of the recovered core material and theassociated geophysical information. The con-tribution to knowledge has been exceedinglylarge and future studies of the core materialover many years will contribute much more.The National Science Board in its 1971 report,"Environmental Science—Challenge for theSeventies," stressed the importance of the workof the GLOMAR CHALLENGER:

Special mention should be made of the de-velopment of new types of deep sea drillingtechniques and their use on the unique, proto-type vessel, GLOMAR CHALLENGER. Thisfacility has brought to light in only a fewyears information that has literally revolu-tionized man's understanding of the physicalprocesses occurring in the earth's crust.

Moreover, industry should benefit greatlyfrom the project—from the technological ad-vances that are being made and through the in-formation being obtained on natural resources.

Washington, D. C.June 1972

Recognizing the need in the Oceanographiccommunity for scientific planning of a programto obtain deep sedimentary cores from theocean bottoms, four of the major Oceano-graphic institutions that had strong interests andprograms in the fields of marine geology andgeophysics, formed in May 1964, the JointOceanographic Institutions for Deep EarthSampling (JOIDES). This group, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory; the Instituteof Marine Sciences, University of Miami; theScripps Institution of Oceanography, Univer-sity of California at San Diego; and the WoodsHole Oceanographic Institution, expressed aninterest in undertaking scientific planning andguidance of the sedimentary drilling program.It was the purpose of this group to foster pro-grams to investigate the sediments and rocksbeneath the deep oceans by drilling and coring.The membership of this original group waslater enlarged in 1968 when the University ofWashington became a member.

Through discussions sponsored by theJOIDES organization, with support from theNational Science Foundation the Lamont-Doh-erty Geological Observatory operated a drillingprogram with Dr. J. Lamar Worzel as PrincipalInvestigator. This successful drilling effort earlyin the summer of 1965, on the Blake Plateauregion off Jacksonville, Florida, used the drillingvessel, Caldrill I.

With this success in hand, planning beganfor a more extensive deep sea effort. This re-sulted in the award of a contract by the NationalScience Foundation to the Scripps Institutionof Oceanography for an eighteen-month drillingprogram in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans,termed the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Opera-tions at sea began in August 1968.

vπ

The goal of the Deep Sea Drilling Projectis to gather scientific information that will helpdetermine the age and processes of develop-ment of the ocean basins. The primary strategyis to drill deep holes into the ocean floor, relyinglargely on technology developed by the petro-leum industry.

Through the efforts of these five principalorganizations and of the panel members whichwere drawn from a large cross section of lead-ing earth scientists and associates, a scientificprogram was developed.

Cores recovered from deep beneath theocean floor will provide reference material fora multitude of future studies in fields such asbiostratigraphy, physical stratigraphy, and pa-leomagnetism, that will afford a new scope forstudies of the physical and chemical aspects ofsediment provenance, transportation, deposi-tion, and diagensis. In-hole measurements, asfeasible, should provide petrophysical data topermit inference of lithology of intervals fromwhich no cores were recovered.

A report, describing the core materials andinformation obtained both at sea and in labora-tories on shore, is published as soon as possibleafter the completion of each cruise. These re-ports are a cooperative effort of the scientistsparticipating in the cruise and are intended pri-marily to be a compilation of results which, itis hoped, will be the starting point for manyfuture new and exciting research programs.Preliminary interpretations of the data and ob-servations taken at sea, are also included.

Following publication of each report, thecore materials and data collected on the cruisewill be made available to qualified scientiststhrough the Curator of the Deep Sea Drilling

Project, following policies approved by the Na-tional Science Foundation.

The advent of Glomar Challenger, with itsdeep-water drilling ability, is exceedingly time-ly. It has come when geophysical investigationof the oceans has matured through 20 to 30years of vigorous growth to the point wherewe have some knowledge about much of theformerly unknown oceanic areas of our planet.About one million miles of traverses had beenmade which tell us much about the global pat-tern of gravity, magnetic and thermal anomalies,and about the composition, thickness and strati-fication of the sedimentary cover of the deep-sea and continental margin. The coverage withsuch data has enabled the site selection panelsto pick choice locations for drilling. The knowl-edge gained from each hole can be extendedinto the surrounding area. Detailed geophysicalsurveys were made for most of the selected lo-cations prior to drilling.

The earth sciences have recently maturedfrom an empirical status to one in which sub-stantial theories and hypotheses about majortectonic processes are flourishing. Theoriesabout the origin of magnetic fields and magneticreversals, about ocean floor spreading and con-tinental drift, and about the thermal history ofour planet, have led to specific predictions thatcould be tested best by an enlightened programof sampling of deep-sea and continental marginsediments and underlying rocks.

The members of JOIDES and the scien-tists from all interested organizations who haveserved on the various advisory panels are proudto have been of service to the Nation and be-lieve that the information and core materialsthat have been obtained will be of value to stu-dents of earth sciences and all humanity formany years to come.

Vin

Deep SeaDrilling Project

MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS OF THE JOINTOCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS FORDEEP EARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES):

Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, ColumbiaUniversity

Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sci-ences, University of Miami.

Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University ofCalifornia

University of Washington

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

OPERATING INSTITUTION:

Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California at San DiegoLa Jolla, California

Co-Principal InvestigatorW. A. Nierenberg

Co-Principal Investigator andProject Manager (Acting)

M. N. A. Peterson

Project Chief ScientistN. T. Edgar

IX

Participants AboardGLOMAR CHALLENGER for Leg Fourteen:

Dr. Dennis E. HayesCo-Chief Scientist

Lamont-Doherty GeologicalObservatory of ColumbiaUniversity

Palisades, New York

Dr. Anthony C. PimmCo-Chief Scientist

Scripps Institution of OceanographyLa Jolla, California

Dr. Jean P. BeckmannPaleontologist

Eidg. Technische HochschuleGeologisches Institut

Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. William E. BensonSedimentologist

National Science FoundationWashington, D. C.

Dr. Wolfgang H. BergerSedimentologist

University of KielKiel, Germany

Dr. Peter H. RothPaleontologist

Eidg. Technische HochschuleGeologisches Institut

Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. Peter R. SupkoSedimentologist


Dr. Ulrich von RadSedimentologist

Bundesanstalt Fur BodenforschungHannover-Buchholz, Germany

Mr. H. Dell ReddingCruise Operations Manager

Phillips Petroleum CompanyBartlesville, Oklahoma

Mr. Charles A. GreenMeteorologist

NOAAWashington, D. C.

Captain Lloyd E. DillMaster, D/V "Glomar Challenger"

Global Marine, Inc.Los Angeles, California

Mr. Cotton GuessDrilling Superintendent

Global Marine, Inc.Los Angeles, California

Mr. Michael LehmannLaboratory Officer


Mr. Lloyd RussillElectronics Technician


Miss Lillian F. MusichRadiolarian Technician


Mr. George JonesPhotographer


Mr. James PineChemist


Miss Lynn V. AllanYeoman


Mr. Robert OlivasMarine Technician


XI

Mr. Jack MinteerMarine Technician


Mr. Don CameronMarine Technician


Mr. Vic SoteloMarine Technician


Mr. Brian ClevengerMarine Technician


Mr. George PattersonMarine Technician


Senior Project Personnel

Dr. William A. NierenbergCo-Principal InvestigatorDr. Melvin N. A. PetersonCo-Principal Investigator and

Project Manager (Acting)Dr. N. Terence EdgarChief ScientistDr. T. A. DaviesCo-ordinating Staff GeologistMr. William R. RiedelCuratorDr. Peter R. SupkoChief Scientific EditorMr. Oscar WeserSenior Staff GeologistDr. Anthony C. PimmScience Editor/Site SurveysDr. Harry E. CookHead of X-Ray Mineralogy Laboratory

Mr. Valdemar LarsonActing Head, Operations and EngineeringMr. Lamar HayesCruise Operations ManagerMr. Robert GilkeyLogistics OfficerMr. Thomas B. HurttBusiness OfficerMr. Norman SattlerContracts OfficerMr. Thomas J. WileyPublic Information Officer

xii

Advisory Groups

JOIDES Executive CommitteeDr. Arthur E. Maxwell

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. William A. Nierenberg

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. F. G. Walton Smith

Rosenstiel Institute of Marine andA tmospheric Sciences

Dr. Maurice Rattray, Jr.University of Washington

Dr. Maurice EwingLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Planning CommitteeDr. Joe S. Creager

University of WashingtonDr. William W. Hay

Rosenstiel Institute of Marine andA tmospheric Sciences

Mr. William R. RiedelScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. J. Lamar WorzelLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. M. N. A. PetersonScripps Institution of Oceanography

Atlantic Advisory PanelDr. Maurice Ewing

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. William A. Berggren

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. N. Terence Edgar

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Anton Hales

University of Texas at DallasDr. Dennis E. Hayes

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Eric D. Schneider

United States Naval LaboratoryDr. Raymond Siever

Harvard University

Dr. Xavier LePichonCentre Oceanologique de Bretagne

Dr. Kenneth S. DeffeyesPrinceton University

Mr. John I. EwingLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. William W. HayRosenstiel Institute of Marine andA tmospheric Sciences

Dr. Charles D. HollisterWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Pacific Advisory PanelDr. Robert E. Burns

University of WashingtonDr. Kurt O. Bostrom

Rosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. Charles C. WindischLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. La Verne D. KulmOregon State University

Dr. Dean A. McManusUniversity of Washington

Dr. E. L. WintererScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. David W. SchollUnited States Geological Survey

Dr. Enrico BonattiRosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Gulf Advisory PanelDr. Charles E. Helsley

University of Texas at DallasDr. Henry L. Berryhill, Jr.

U.S. Geological Survey

Dr. Arnold H. BoumaTexas A&M University

Dr. Joe S. CreagerUniversity of Washington

Dr. Joseph R. CurrayScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. William W. HayRosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. Elazar UchupiWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. Guillermo P. SalasCiudad Universitaria

Dr. J. Lamar WorzelLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Indian Ocean Advisory PanelDr. Manik Talwani

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Robert L. Fisher

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. James R. Heirtzler

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Marcus G. Langseth

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryMr. R. Schlich

Institute de Physique du Globe

Xin

Mediterranean Advisory PanelDr. J. Brackett Hersey

Department of the Navy

Dr. Kenneth J. HsuGeologisches Institut, E. T. H.

Dr. Robert J. HurleyRosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. William B. F. RyanLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Antarctic Advisory PanelDr. Dennis E. Hayes

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Robert H. Rutford

University of South DakotaDr. Campbell Craddock

University of Wisconsin

Dr. J. P. KennettUniversity of Rhode Island

Dr. Charles D. HollisterWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. James H. ZumbergeUniversity of Arizona

Dr. Ian W. D. DalzielLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. David W. SchollU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. James R. HeirtzlerWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Site Survey PanelDr. N. Terence Edgar

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Robert E. Burns

University of WashingtonDr. Maurice Ewing

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Manik Talwani

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Dennis E. Hayes

Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Advisory Panel on Scientific Objectives ofDeeper Penetration in Oceanic Crustal RocksDr. Francis Birch

Harvard University

Dr. H. W. MenardScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. Melvin N. A. PetersonScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. J. Freeman GilbertScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. M. Nafi ToksozMassachusetts Institute of Technology

Dr. Jason MorganPrinceton University

Dr. Lynn SykesLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. David GriggsUniversity of California at Los Angeles

Dr. Akiho MiyashiroState University of New York at Albany

Dr. Ian D. MacGregorUniversity of California at Davis

Dr. Arthur E. MaxwellWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. James GillulyU.S. Geological Survey

Dr. Ronald T. MerrillUniversity of Washington

Dr. C. G. A. HarrisonRosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. Manik TalwaniLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Advisory Panel on Pollution Preventionand SafetyDr. Hollis D. Hedberg

Princeton University

Dr. H. Grant GoodellUniversity of Virginia

Dr. Louis E. GarrisonU.S. Geological Survey

Mr. William F. AllinderTexaco, Incorporated

Dr. Manik TalwaniLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. Maurice EwingLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. Robert E. BurnsUniversity of Washington

Dr. Joe S. CreagerUniversity of Washington

Dr. Melvin N. A. PetersonScripps Institution of Oceanography

Advisory Panel on Heat FlowDr. Richard P. Von Herzen

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Art Lachenbruch


Dr. Marcus G. LangsethLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. Clive R. B. ListerUniversity of Washington

Dr. John G. SclaterScripps Institution of Oceanography

XIV

Advisory Panel on Information HandlingDr. Melvin A. Rosenfeld

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Daniel W. Appleman


Mr. Jack G. BarrChevron Research Laboratory

Dr. James C. KelleyUniversity of Washington

Dr. Robert W. RexUniversity of California at Riverside


Dr. Thomas A. DaviesScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. Peter R. SupkoScripps Institution of Oceanography

Advisory Panel on Organic GeochemistryDr. John M. Hunt

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Earl W. Baker

Mellon Institute

Dr. Ellis E. BrayMobil Oil Company, Inc.

Dr. J. Gordon ErdmanPhillips Petroleum Company

Dr. Richard D. MclverEsso Production Research Laboratory

Advisory Panel on Inorganic GeochemistryDr. Robert M. Garrels

Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. Wallace S. Broecker

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Ian R. Kaplan

University of California at Los AngelesDr. Frank T. Manheim


Dr. Karl K. TurekianYale University

Advisory Panel on Paleontology and BiostratigraphyDr. William A. Berggren

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. C. W. Drooger

University of Utrecht

Dr. William R. EvittStanford University

Dr. William W. HayRosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. Erie G. KauffmanSmithsonian Institution

Dr. Helen N. LoeblichUniversity of California at Los Angeles

Dr. Emile A. Pessagno, Jr.University of Texas at Dallas


Dr. Tsunemasa SaitoLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Advisory Panel on Sedimentary Petrology andPhysical PropertiesDr. John T. Whetten

University of WashingtonDr. Eugene A. Rusnak


Dr. Edwin L. HamiltonNaval Undersea Research andDevelopment Center

Dr. Harry E. CookUniversity of California at Riverside

Dr. Tj. H. van AndelOregon State University

Dr. George V. WoodsBritish Petroleum Research Center

Mr. Henry L. GillNaval Civil Engineering Laboratory

Dr. Theodore R. WalkerUniversity of Colorado

Dr. George H. KellerNational Oceanic and A tmosphericA dministration

Dr. John R. ConollyUniversity of South Carolina

Dr. Adrian F. RichardsLehigh University

Advisory Panel on Well LoggingDr. A. E. Worthington

Chevron Oil Field Research CompanyDr. Richard L. Caldwell

Mobil Oil Corporation

Dr. James E. CarothersPhillips Petroleum Company

Dr. Donald ElrodHumble Oil and Refining Company

Dr. H. B. EvansMarathon Research Center

Dr. Robert D. GerardLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Dr. H. H. JagelerPan American Petroleum Corporation

Dr. George V. KellerColorado School of Mines

Dr. Harry A. ShillibeerGulf Research and Development Company

XV

Advisory Panel on X-ray MineralogyDr. Richard L. Hay

University of California at BerkeleyDr. Pierre Biscaye

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Kurt O. Boström

Rosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. Edward D. GoldbergScripps Institution of Oceanography

Dr. John C. HathawayWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Dr. Stanley McCalebSun Oil Research Center

Dr. Robert W. RexUniversity of California at Riverside

Advisory Panel on Paleomagnetism and Age DatingDr. Joseph D. Phillips

Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. G. Brent Dalrymple


Dr. Jack R. DymondOregon State University

Dr. C. G. A. HarrisonRosenstiel Institute of Marine andAtmospheric Sciences

Dr. Niel D. OpdykeLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

Advisory Panel on Igneous and MetamorphicPetrographyDr. Ian D. MacGregor

University of Texas at DallasDr. Frederick A. Frey

Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyDr. Stanley R. Hart

Carnegie Institution of WashingtonDr. William G. Melson

Smithsonian Institution

Dr. A. MiyashiroState University of New York at Albany

XVI

Deep Sea Drilling Project

SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION POLICY

Distribution of Deep Sea Drilling samples will beundertaken in order to (1) provide supplementarydata for inclusion in the appropriate Initial Reportto support Glomar Challenger scientists in achievingthe scientific objectives of their particular cruise, and(2) provide individual investigators with material toconduct detailed studies beyond the scope of theInitial Reports.

The National Science Foundation has established aSample Distribution Panel to advise on distributionof core material. This panel is chosen in accordancewith usual Foundation practices, in a manner thatwill assure advice in the various disciplines leadingto a complete and adequate study of the core andrelated materials. Funding for the proposed researchis handled separately by the investigator, not throughthe Deep Sea Drilling Project.

Distribution of samples for contributions to InitialReports

Any investigator who wishes to contribute a paperto a given volume of the Initial Reports may writeto the Curator, Deep Sea Drilling Project, ScrippsInstitution of Oceanography, University of California,San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, requestingsamples from a forthcoming cruise. The requestshould include the nature of the study, and type, size,number of samples, particular sampling techniquesor equipment that might be required, and an estimateof the time required to complete the study. The re-quests will be reviewed by shipboard scientists, and,if they are deemed suitable and pertinent to the objec-tives of the leg, and shipboard workload permits, therequested samples will be taken during the cruise(provided, of course, material suitable to the investi-gation is obtained during the drilling). In case ofmultiple requests to perform the same investigation,selection of investigator will be made by the ship-board scientific party. Proposals should be of a scopeappropriate to complete the sampling and study intime for publication in the Initial Reports. Studiesdeemed acceptable will be referred to the Curatorwho will, with the consent of the NSF Sample Dis-tribution Panel, authorize distribution of the samples.The Sample Distribution Panel and the Deep SeaDrilling Project will strive to ensure that there is areasonable degree of continuity in the investigationsamong the various cruises, that the studies are per-tinent to goals of the cruise, and that they areconsistent with the publication policy for the Initial

Reports. Subject to these same provisions, the ship-board scientific party may elect to have special studiesof selected core samples of its recently completedcruise made by other investigators.

Investigations not completed in time for inclusion inthe Initial Report may not be published in otherjournals until publication of the Initial Report forwhich it was intended.

Distribution of Samples for publication other thanin Initial Reports

1. Researchers intending to request samples forstudies beyond the scope of the Initial Reportsshould first obtain a sample request form from theCurator, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Scripps In-stitution of Oceanography, University of Cali-fornia at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037.Requests should specify the quantities and inter-vals of the core required, a statement of the pro-posed research, the possibility of returning residueto the Curator, the estimated time required tocomplete and publish the results, and the avail-ability or need of funding and availability ofequipment and space foreseen for the research.

In order to ensure that requests for highly desir-able but limited samples can all be considered,approval of requests and distribution of sampleswill not be made prior to 12 months after dateof completion of the cruise that collected thecores. Prior to the publication of an Initial Re-port, requests for samples from a cruise can bebased on the preliminary shipboard core logs.Copies of these logs will be kept on open file atScripps Institution of Oceanography and otherdesignated institutions. The only exceptions tothis policy will be for specific instances involvingephemeral properties.

Requests for samples from researchers in indus-trial laboratories will be handled in the samemanner as those from academic organizations,and there will be the same obligation to publishresults promptly. Requests from foreign scientistsor organizations will also be considered.

2. The Deep Sea Drilling Projects Curator has theresponsibility for distributing samples, controllingquality of samples, and preserving core material.He also has the responsibility for maintaining arecord of requests for samples that have been

*RevisedJune 1972.

xvπ

processed and filled indicating the investigatorand subjects to be studied. This record will beavailable to investigators.

The distribution of samples will be made directlyfrom the two repositories at Lamont-Doherty Ge-ological Observatory and Scripps Institution ofOceanography by the Curator or his designatedrepresentative.

3. (a) Samples up to 10 cc/meter of core lengthcan be automatically distributed by the Curator,Deep Sea Drilling Project or his authorized rep-resentative to any qualified investigator who re-quests them. The Curator will refrain frommaking automatic distribution of any parts of thecores which appear to be in particularly high de-mand, and any requests for these parts of thecores will be referred to the Sample DistributionPanel for review. Requests for samples from thinlayers or important stratigraphic boundaries willgenerally require Panel review.

(b) All requests for samples in excess of 3(a)above will be referred to the Sample DistributionPanel.

(c) If, in the opinion of scientific investigators,certain properties they wish to study may de-teriorate prior to the normal availability of thesamples, such investigators may request that thenormal waiting period not apply. All such re-quests must be approved by the Sample Distribu-tion Panel.

4. Samples will not be provided prior to assurancethat funding for sample studies either exists oris not needed. However, neither formal approvalof sample requests nor distribution of sampleswill be made until the appropriate time (Item 1).If a sample request is dependent, either whollyor in part, on proposed funding, the Curator willprovide to the organization to whom the fundingproposal has been submitted any information onthe availability (or potential availability) of sam-ples that it may request.

5. Investigators receiving samples are responsiblefor:

i) promptly publishing significant results;

ii) acknowledging, in publications, that sampleswere supplied through the assistance of theNational Science Foundation;

iii) submitting four (4) copies of all reprints ofpublished results to the Curator, Deep SeaDrilling Project, Scripps Institution of Ocean-ography, University of California at SanDiego, La Jolla, California 92037;

iv) notifying the Curator of any work done onthe samples that is additional to that statedin the original request for samples;

v) returning, in good condition, the remaindersof samples after termination of research, ifrequested by the Curator.

6. Cores will be made available at repositories forinvestigators to examine and specify exact sam-ples in such instances as this may be necessaryfor the scientific purposes of the sampling, subjectto the limitations of 3 (a), (b), (c), and 5,above, and with the specific permission of theCurator or his delegate.

7. Cores of igneous and metamorphic rocks willalso remain at the repositories where they willbe available for observation and description andwhere selected samples may be taken for thin-section preparation and other work.

8. The Deep Sea Drilling Project routinely processesby computer most of the quantitative data pres-ented in the Initial Reports. Space limitations inthe Initial Reports preclude the detailed presen-tation of all such data. However, copies of thecomputer readout are available for those whowish the data for further analysis or as an aidin selecting samples.

Magnetics, seismic reflection and bathymetric datacollected underway by the Glomar Challengerwill also be available for distribution twelvemonths after completion of the cruise.

Requests for these data may be made to:

Chief Scientific EditorDeep Sea Drilling ProjectScripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California at San DiegoLa Jolla, California 92037

A charge will be made to recover the expensesof responding to individual requests. Estimatedcharges can be furnished before the request isprocessed, if required.

9. This policy has the approval of the National Sci-ence Foundation and is designed to help ensurethat the greatest possible scientific benefit isgained from the materials obtained, and thatsamples will be made widely available to inter-ested geologists.

xvni

CONTENTS

Page

PART I: SHIPBOARD SITE REPORTS 1

Chapter

1. INTRODUCTION 3Dennis E. Hayes and Anthony C. Pimm

2. SITE 135 15Dennis E. Hayes, Anthony C. Pimm, Jean P. Beckmann,William E. Benson, Wolfgang H. Berger, Peter H. Roth,Peter R. Supko, Ulrich von Rad








10. SITES 143 and 144 283Dennis E. Hayes, Anthony C. Pimm, Jean P. Beckmann,William E. Benson, Wolfgang H. Berger, Peter H. Roth,Peter R. Supko, Ulrich von Rad

x ix

PART II: SHORE LABORATORY STUDIES 339

11. BATHYMETRIC, MAGNETICS, AND SEISMIC REFLECTIONDATA: Challenger LEG XIV 341Dennis E. Hayes, Anthony C. Pimm

12. SITE SURVEY REPORT FOR SITE 142 377Robert Embley, Dennis E. Hayes

13. THE FORAMINIFERA AND SOME ASSOCIATEDMICROFOSSILS OF SITES 135 TO 144 389Jean P. Beckmann

14. CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON: LEG XIV OF THEDEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT 421Peter H. Roth, Hans Thierstein

15. COCCOLITH STRATIGRAPHY—LEG XIV, DEEP SEADRILLING PROJECT 487David Bukry

16. RADIOLARIA: LEG XIV, DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT 495M. G. Petrushevskaya, G. E. Kozlova

17. DINOFLAGELLATES AND OTHER PALYNOMORPHS INSELECTED SAMPLES FROM LEG XIV, DEEP SEADRILLING PROJECT 649Daniel Habib

18. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 655Anthony C. Pimm

19. X-RAY MINERALOGY STUDIES—LEG XIV 677Pow-foong Fan, Robert W. Rex

20. MINERALOGY AND ORIGIN OF CLAY MINERALS, SILICAAND AUTHIGENIC SILICATES IN LEG XIV SEDIMENTS 727Ulrich von Rad, Heinrich Rösch

21. INTERSTITIAL WATER STUDIES ON SMALL CORESAMPLES, LEG XIV 753L. S. Waterman, F. L. Sayles, F. T. Manheim

22. INTERSTITIAL WATER CHEMISTRY: DEEP SEA DRILLINGPROJECT, LEG XIV 763B. J. Presley, C. Petrowski, I. R. Kaplan

23. PETROLOGY OF BASALTIC ROCKS COLLECTED FROMLEG XIV 767T. L. Wright, W. E. Benson, W. G. Melson, S. R. Hart

24. COMPRESSIONAL WAVE VELOCITIES IN BASALT ANDALTERED BASALT RECOVERED DURING LEG XIV 773P. J. Fox, E. Schreiber, J. Peterson

25. PALEOMAGNETISM OF IGENOUS SAMPLES 777William Lowrie, Neil D. Opdyke

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PART III: CRUISE LEG SYNTHESIS 785

26. CRETACEOUS AND CENOZOIC SEDIMENTS FROM THEATLANTIC OCEAN 787Wolfgang H. Berger, Ulrich von Rad

27. GENERAL SYNTHESIS 955Anthony C. Pimm, Dennis E. Hayes

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