deep hole-states of ni from (p,d) transfer reactions ...oct 09, 2014 · deep hole-states in 55ni,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Betty Tsang, NSCL
Joint DNP of APS & JPS
October 7-11, 2014 Kona, HI, USA
Deep hole-states of 55Ni from (p,d) transfer reactionsInteractions in sd+pf orbits
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap
pf
sd
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Deep hole-states in 55Ni, N=27, Z=28
Outline1. Introduction
2. (p,d) experiments to study the hole states in 45Ar and 55Ni.
3. Limitations of current SM calculations in
describing the systematics of the energy and
SF’s in N=27 isotones and results from new
SDPF interactions.
4. Summary
Thesis data: Alisher Sanetullaev
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2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap
d3/2+
s1/2+
56Ni (p,d) 55Ni
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap(p,d)
(p,d)
sd
fp
sd
fp
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From SD to PF shell nuclei
SD (Ab Initio)
PF (Configuration interaction)
40Ca
56Ni
DFT
SDPF
Overlap between Ab Initio, Microscopic and DFT
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S800
Focal Plane
Target Chamber
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
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S800
Focal Plane
Target Chamber
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
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7
1.5mm Si
65μm SiCsI(Tl)
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
Complete Kinematics
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1.5mm Si
65μm Si
CsI(Tl)
Worse angular (energy)
resolution with large beam spot
2 mm strips+-0.16 deg
10 mm 0.8 deg
Require beam position and
angle corrections
56Ni beam
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Beam position and angle determination with MCP
9
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Before
correction
After
correction
Beam position and angle corrections with MCP
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
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States that have substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer
reactions are g.s. (7/2-), 1st excited states (p3/2-) state (very
small c.s.), s1/2+, and d3/2
+ (often come as doublets).
gs
p3/2
s1/2
H(56Ni,d)55Ni
p3/2 d3/2 &
s1/2
H(46Ar,d)45Ar
f7/2f7/2
Comparisons of excited hole states in 45Ar & 55Ni
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States that have substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer
reactions are g.s. (7/2-), 1st excited states (p3/2-) state (very
small c.s.), s1/2+, and d3/2
+ (often come as doublets).
gs
p3/2
s1/2
H(56Ni,d)55Ni
f7/2
Comparisons of excited hole states in 45Ar & 55Ni
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Angular Distributions: spin & parity assignments
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
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States with substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap
SM non-predictions reflect
the importance of SDPF
s1/2+, d3/2+
(often come as doublets)
Residual interactions:
sd-shell region -- USDA/USDB
pf shell interactions
40Ca core, in fp space• GXPF1A, GXPF1B• KB3G• ...
56Ni core• IPM• Auerbach interaction (’60)• XT
New state of the art SD-PF Interactions
SDPFM : Honma et al., PRC60, 054315 (1999)
SDPFMH : Horoi et al., new calc
SDPFMU : Utsuno, PRC 86, 051301(R) (2012)
SDPFMU’: Utsuno et al. new calc
SCGF: Barbieri, Hjorth-Jensen, PRC 79 064313
??
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??
Comparisons between Data and shell models
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??
Comparisons between Data and shell models
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Summary
1. The s1/2 and d3/2 deep hole states in N=27 isotones allow
us to explore the couplings of the SD and PF shells and
provide data to test the development of SM interactions to
in this important region.
2. Data require state of the art SDPF(MU’) interactions.
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
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Acknowledgements
HiRA core collaboration
Alisher Sanetullaev, Bill Lynch, Betty Tsang, Zibi Chajecki,
Daniel Coupland, Tilak Ghosh, V. Henzl, D. Henzlova, Rachel
Hodges, Micha Kilburn, Jenny Lee, Fei Lu, Andy Rogers,,
Zhiyu Sun, Jack Winkelbauer, Mike Youngs (Mark Wallace,
Frank Delaunay, Marc VanGoethem)
WU in St. Louis Bob Charity, Jon Elson, Lee Sobotka
Indiana University Romualdo deSouza, Sylvie Hudan,
INFN, Milan Arialdo Moroni; WMU Mike Famiano
collaborators: Dan Shapira ; W.A. Peters7, ZY Sun, K.P. Chan,
Theorists: C. Barbieri8, M. Hjorth-Jensen1,9, M. Horoi10, T.
Otsuka11, T. Suzuki12, Y. Utsuno13
http://www.nscl.msu.edu/http://www.nscl.msu.edu/
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Hole states in N=27 isotones for 45Ar, 47Ca , 49Ti, 51Cr, 53Fe, 55Ni
Z = 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28
via pickup reactions A+1(p,d)A
H(46Ar,d)45Ar [MSU]48Ca(p,d)47Ca [1-3]
50Ti(p,d)49Ti [4]52Cr(p,d)51Cr [5]
54Fe(p,d)53Fe [6-9]
H(56Ni,d)55Ni [MSU]References
[1] 17.5 MeV T.W. Conlon, B. F. Bayman and E. Kashy, PR144(1965)941
[2] 18 MeV R.J. Peterson, PR170(1967)1003
[3] 40 MeV :P. Martin, M. Muenerd, Y. Dupont and M. Chabre, NPA185(1972)465)
[4] 45 MeV: P.J. Plauger and E. Kashy, NPA152(1970)609;
[5] 17.5 MeV C.A. Whitten, Jr. and L.C. McIntyre, PR160(1967)997
[6] 144 MeV Dickey NPA441(1985)189
[7] 40 MeV Suehira NPA313(1979)141
[8] 52 MeV Ohnuma JPSJ 32(1972)1466
[9] 22.3 MeV Goodman PR127,574(1962)
[10] 29 MeV Nelson, NPA215(1973)541
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2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
Regular Shell Models cannot describe energy systematics
of deep-hole states
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2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
States with substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer 7/2- (g.s.) & (p3/2-):Well described by standard shell models
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2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap
SF values of s1/2 correspond to 50% occupation.
SDPFMU reproduces the experimental trend
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
d3/2s1/2
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Physics with
Theorectical Help
NSCL/MSU Alex Brown, M. Hjorth-Jensen
Central Michigan University Mihai Horoi
Unversity of Surrey C. Barbierri, J. Tostevin, R. Johnson
JAEA Y. Utsuno
University of Tokyo T. Otsuka
Nihon University T. Suzuki
http://www.nscl.msu.edu/http://www.nscl.msu.edu/
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Thank you for your attention
http://www.nscl.msu.edu/http://www.nscl.msu.edu/
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2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
States with substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer
Well described by
standard Shell models
2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
g.s. (7/2-), 1st excited states (p3/2-)
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States that have substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer
reactions are g.s. (7/2-), 1st excited states (p3/2-) state (very
small c.s.), s1/2+, and d3/2
+ (often come as doublets).
gsp3/2
p3/2
s1/2
d3/2 &
s1/2
H(46Ar,d)45Ar H(56Ni,d)55Ni
f7/2f7/2
Comparisons of excited hole states in 45Ar & 55Ni
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Data:
s1/2 and d3/2 hole states
occur around 2-4 MeV
Regular Shell Model
No predictions
Theory (SCGF)
s1/2 and d3/2 hole states
occur around ~15 MeV
hole states
p3/2
s1/2
f7/2
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
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Magic number
N=2
Independent Particle Model (IPM)
mean field created by
nucleons from core
i
ii rUm
pH
2
2
N=20
N=8
n, l j
Survey of Neutron Spectroscopic Factors and Asymmetry Dependence of Neutron Correlations
Large Basis Shell Model (LB-SM)
Residual interactions
H p i2
2mU ri
i
VNN r i r j i j
U ri i
correlated motions
of valence nucleons
Mean field
1s, N=0
1d, 2s N=2
1f, 2p N=3
1p N=1
core
Shell Model with residual interactions (SM)
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2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
Angelo Signoracci and B. Alex Brown, PRL 99, 099201
(2007)
Predictions before measurements
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2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
Comparison of
Excitation Energies
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Angular Distributions: spin & parity assignments
46Ar + p→d + 45Ar
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Residual Interactions for pf orbits
Large Basis Shell Model (LB-SM)
Residual interactions
H p i2
2mU ri
i
VNN r i r j i j
U ri i
correlated motions
of valence nucleons
Mean field
1s, N=0
1d, 2s N=2
1f, 2p N=3
1p N=1
core
Shell Model with residual interactions Residual interactions:
sd-shell region -- USDA/USDB
pf shell interactions
40Ca core, in fp space• GXPF1A, GXPF1B• KB3G• ...
56Ni core• IPM• Auerbach interaction (’60)• XT
SDPFM : Honma et al., PRC60, 054315 (1999)
SDPFMH : Horoi et al.,
SDPFMU : Utsuno, PRC 86, 051301(R) (2012)
SDPFMU’: Utsuno et al.,
??
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2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
Regular Shell Models cannot describe energy systematics
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Data:
• s1/2 and d3/2 hole states
occur around 2-4 MeV
• Regular shell models cannot
describe these states.
Theory (SCGF)
• s1/2 and d3/2 hole states occur
around ~15 MeV.
hole states
p3/2
s1/2
f7/2
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Residual Interactions
56Ni core bbbb•IPM•Auerbach interaction (’60)•XT : T=1 effective interaction (derived for heavy Ni isotopes)
• 40Ca core, in fp model space• GXPF1A – complete basis
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2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap
d3/2s1/2
Comparison of
spectroscopic factors
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p3/2
s1/2f7/2d3/2 (?)
56Ni + p→d + 55Ni
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Large Basis Shell Model (LB-SM)
IPMSMLB SFSF
Residual interactions
H p i2
2mU ri
i
VNN r i r j i j
U ri i
How good the interaction in LB-SM can
describe the nucleus ?
LB-SM description is accurate
Some correlations missing in the interactions ?
How much ? What is the asymmetry
dependence of nucleon correlations?
correlated motions
of valence nucleons
Correlations between nucleons
Mixing of particle-hole configuration near
the fermi surface
Weakening of single-particle strengths
Mean field
1s, N=0
1d, 2s N=2
1f, 2p N=3
1p N=1
core
Survey of Neutron Spectroscopic Factors and Asymmetry Dependence of Neutron Correlations
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Theory (SCGF)
s1/2 and d3/2 hole states
occur around ~15 MeV
hole states
p3/2
s1/2
f7/2
Regular Shell predicts too high energy systematics for
deep hole-states
Data:
s1/2 and d3/2 hole states
occur around 2-4 MeV
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2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
2s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
1d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1s 1/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2d 3/2
N=20 gap
2p 3/2
1d 3/2
1f 7/2
N=28 gap
2s 1/2
N=20 gap
States populated by (p,d) transfer reactions
g.s.
7/2-1st excited states
p3/2- d3/2+s1/2+,
(often come as doublets)
46Ar,48Ca,50Ti,52Cr,54Fe,56Ni (p,d) 45Ar,47Ca,49Ti,51Cr,53Fe,55Ni
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Hole states in N=27 isotones for 45Ar, 47Ca , 49Ti, 51Cr, 53Fe, 55Ni
Z = 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28
via pickup reactions A+1(p,d)A
H(46Ar,d)45Ar [MSU]48Ca(p,d)47Ca [1-3]
50Ti(p,d)49Ti [4]52Cr(p,d)51Cr [5]
54Fe(p,d)53Fe [6-9]
H(56Ni,d)55Ni [MSU]
References
[1] 17.5 MeV T.W. Conlon, B. F. Bayman and E. Kashy, PR144(1965)941
[2] 18 MeV R.J. Peterson, PR170(1967)1003
[3] 40 MeV :P. Martin, M. Muenerd, Y. Dupont and M. Chabre, NPA185(1972)465)
[4] 45 MeV: P.J. Plauger and E. Kashy, NPA152(1970)609;
[5] 17.5 MeV C.A. Whitten, Jr. and L.C. McIntyre, PR160(1967)997
[6] 144 MeV Dickey NPA441(1985)189
[7] 40 MeV Suehira NPA313(1979)141
[8] 52 MeV Ohnuma JPSJ 32(1972)1466
[9] 22.3 MeV Goodman PR127,574(1962)
[10] 29 MeV Nelson, NPA215(1973)541
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EXP
EXP RM
d dSF
d d
Johnson- Soper Adiabatic
Distorted Wave Appro. (ADWA)
to take care of d-break-up effects
Use global p and n optical
potential with standardized
parameters (CH89)
n-potential : Woods-Saxon
shape ro=1.25 & ao=0.65 fm;
depth adjusted to reproduce
experimental binding energy.
Systematic method (with minimal assumptions) to obtain
consistent spectroscopic factors for (p,d) and (d,p) reactions
TWOFNR from Jeff Tostevin (University of Surrey)
Compute with TWOFNR code
J. Lee et al., PRC75, 064320 (2007)
Johnson & Soper, PRC1,976(1970)
A
B=A+n
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Quality Control
-- SF+ = SF- Systematic method works
-- 20% uncertainty for each measurement
B(p,d)A : SF+ ; A(d,p)B : SF-
Ground-state to ground-state transition
SF+= SF- (Detailed balance)
18 nuclei have both SF+ and SF-
J. Lee et al, Phys. Rev. C75 (2007) 064320
M.B. Tsang, et al, PRL95, 222501 (2005).
Textbook example:
For the Ca isotopes, great agreement
with IPM and shell model
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Do transfer reactions yield absolute spectroscopic factors?
J. Lee et al, Phys. Rev. C 73 , 044608 (2006)
With a systematic approach, relative SF can be
obtained reliably over a wide range of nuclei.
HF radii + JLM
r0=1.25 fm+CH89
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(e,e’p): p SF values are suppressed
by ~30 compared to IPM
G.J.Kramer et al., Nucl. Phys. A 679, 267 (2001)
Quenching observed from (e,e’p) and knockout reactions
Correlation is beyond the residual
interactions employed in the shell model
Asymmetry dependence of neutron
correlations in knock out reactions
Gade, PRL 93, 042501 (2004)
Lee, PRC73, 044608 (2006)
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Updates on the different trends from transfer and knockout
Slide credit: Jenny Lee
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Do transfer reactions yield absolute spectroscopic factors?
J. Lee et al, Phys. Rev. C 73 , 044608 (2006)
With a systematic approach, relative SF can be
obtained reliably over a wide range of nuclei.
For excited states, HF radii are not available.
HF radii + JLM
r0=1.25 fm+ CH89
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Ground state
Excited states
USDA/USDB
Excited states
GXPF1A
M.B. Tsang and J. Lee et al., PRL 95, 222501 (2005)
No short term NN correlations and
other correlations included in SM.
Why the agreement?
Predictions of cross-sections
Test of SM interactions
Extraction of structure information
SFEXP=SFSM
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Neutron Spectroscopic Factors for Ni isotopes
SF values agree to factor of 2 cannot distinguish between two interactions
Interactions for gfp shell still need improvements
Need predictions of higher excited states
• GXFP1A with full fp model
space does not require 56Ni shell
closure CPU intensive
M. Horoi
states predicted < 3MeV
GXPF1A
Complete Basis
•XT interaction uses 56Ni shell
closure quick overall
predictions of Ni nuclei.
XT
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Experimental SF can be used to study nuclear
structure and test SM interactions
5.627;3/2+
3.491;3/2+
4.15;5/2+
S.C. Su – 06’ CU-SURE
5/2+X
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Experimental SF can be used to study nuclear
structure and test SM interactions
Excited states
GXPF1A
Importance
of SDPF
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Predictions from SCGF
55Ni hole states 57Ni particle states
EFP
RC
79, 064313 (
2009)
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Neutron Spectroscopic Factors for Ni isotopes
SF values agree to factor of 2
• cannot distinguish between two interactions
• Need better benchmark data
• GXFP1A with full fp model
space does not require 56Ni shell
closure CPU intensive
M. Horoi
states predicted < 3MeV
GXPF1A
Complete Basis
•XT interaction uses 56Ni shell
closure quick overall
predictions of Ni nuclei.
XT