dec 17, 2013 bell work spi 0807.9.9 periodic table instructions: answer these questions on your...
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Dec 17, 2013Bell
Work SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
Instructions: Answer these questions on your paper What is the chemical symbol for gold? How many protons does each atom of gold have?
Periodic table: Silly Image (Gold Fish)
PRESS THE RIGHT-ARROW BUTTON ON YOUR KEYBOARD TO ADVANCE
THROUGH THE PRESENTATION
Quick Review
SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
Periodic table A chart of all known chemical elements Shows all the different types of atoms
Purpose To quickly locate a variety of information about a
particular element
How is it organized Organized into rows called periods Organized into columns called groups Arranged in numerical order by the atomic number Also arranged other ways (metals, nonmetals, metalloids, etc)
Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
Periods: The rows are called periods, and there are seven of them
Per 1
Per 2
Per 3
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7
From period 6
From period 7
Periods•The period number tells you the number of electron shells•All elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells
SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
The period numbers reveals how many electron shells an atom has
Example: Every element in period 2 has 2 electron shells
Per 1
Per 2
Per 3
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7
Period 2 (Each element here has 2 electron shells)
x 5x 6
Legend=protons
=neutrons
=electrons
Period Number and Electron Shells Below is a model of one boron (B) atom (atomic number-5) Notice that it has two electron shells
SPI 0807.9.9 (Per Table)Notes
1st Shell
2nd Shell
Since it has two shells, it is located in the second period of the periodic table
Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
Again…the period numbers reveals how many electron shells an atom hasExample: Every element in period 3 has 3 electron shells
Per 1
Per 2
Per 3
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7
Period 3 (Each element here has 3 electron shells)
Legend=protons
=neutrons
=electrons
Period Number and Electron Shells Below is a model of one sodium (Na) atom (atomic number-11) Notice that it has three electron shells
x 11
x 12
3rd Shell
1st Shell
Since it has three shells, it is located in the third period of the periodic table
2nd Shell
Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
There are 18 groupsGroups: the columns are called groups (also called families)
1
2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17
18
Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
1
2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17
18
The group number (in some cases) can reveal how many electrons are in the outer most shells. Example: Every element in group 1 has only 1 valence electron
These are called the valence electrons
Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
1
2 13 14 15 16 17
18
Again, the group number can reveal the number of valence electronsNote: However this only works for groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 18
(see below)
This "trick" does not work with groups 3 to 12
HINT: Remember V =V
V for vertical = V for valence electrons
1
2 13 14 15 16 17
18
For groups 1 to 2:The group number equals the number of valence electronsExample: Every element in group two has two valence electronsFor groups 13 to 18:Subtract 10 from the group number to determine the valence electronsExample: Every element in group 13 has 3 valence electrons (13-10=3)
This "trick" does not work with groups 3 to 12