dealing with controversiestsh 1.36 µu/ml nt-probnp 990 pg/ml crp 0.81 mg/dl protein electroph....
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Dealing with controversiesThe complexity of the every day HFrEF patient
Inês GonçalvesJoão R. Agostinho
Serviço de Cardiologia,Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CCUL, CAML,
Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Clinical Case• Male, 62 years-old
• Previous diagnosis:• HTN (amlodipine 5mg q.d.)• Type 2 DM (metformin 1000mg b.i.d.)• Ex-smoker
• No significant alcohol consumption• No relevant familial history
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Male, 62 years-old
• Previous diagnosis:• HTN (amlodipine 5mg q.d.)• Type 2 DM (metformin 1000mg b.i.d.)• Ex-smoker
• No significant alcohol consumption• No relevant familial history
• May 2018• Dry cough with exertion • Shortness of breath with moderate exertion • Orthopnea
• Beginning of June 2018• Hospital admission due to acute heart failure
– NYHA functional class III
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• First hospital admission (other hospital)
• ECG:• HR: 120 bpm; typical atrial flutter; LBBB (QRS duration ~140 ms)
• Echocardiography:• Dilated left ventricle with severely depressed ejection fraction (~20%)
• Coronary angiography:• Distal left anterior descending artery severe lesion PCI with DES• 2nd Obtuse coronary artery chronic total occlusion (small vessel)
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• First hospital admission (other hospital)
• Discharge diagnosis:• Acute heart failure / Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
– NYHA functional class II
• Typical atrial flutter• 2-vessel coronary artery disease• Medication: ASA 100mg q.d.; clopidogrel 75mg q.d.; apixaban 5mg b.i.d.;
carvedilol 6,25mg b.i.d.; enalapril 5mg b.i.d.; furosemide 40mg q.d.; rosuvastatin20mg q.d.; metformin 1000mgb.i.d.
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• During June 2018
• NYHA functional class II III
• End of June 2018• 2nd Hospital admission due to acute heart failure (another hospital)• Intravenous loop diuretic• Discharge: NYHA functional class II• Medication: ASA 100mg q.d.; clopidogrel 75mg q.d.; apixaban 5mg b.i.d.;
carvedilol 12,5mg b.i.d.; enalapril 10mg b.i.d.; spironolactone 25mg q.d.;furosemide 40mg q.d.; rosuvastatin 20mg q.d.; metformin 1000mgb.i.d.
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• August 2018
• NYHA functional class II III• Shortness of breath with minimal exertion• Orthopnea, PND, lower limb edema
• 3rd Hospital admission due toacute heart failure • Cardiology ward
HR 100bpm
92/58mmHg
Pulmonary crackles
Leg edemaAdequate peripheral perfusion
JVD
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• ECG
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Echocardiography
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Blood tests
Hb 13.4 g/dL
Htc 37%
Leuc 7.09 x 109/L
Neut 4,32 x 109/L
Urea 45 mg/dL
sCr 1.59 mg/dLeGFR (CKD-EPI) 46 mL/min/1.73Na+ 136 mmol/L
K+ 3.5 mmol/L
ALT 21 U/L
ALP 70 U/L
GGT 44 U/L
Tot. Bil. 0.66 mg/dL
Fe 41 µg/dL
Transf. Sat. 21%
Ferritin 264 µg/LHbA1c 6.6%
TSH 1.36 µU/mL
NT-proBNP 990 pg/mL
CRP 0.81 mg/dL
Protein electroph. Normal
Ca2+ 9.1 mmol/L
HIV Neg.
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Hospital admission
• I.V. Loop diuretic Torasemide 10mg • Carvedilol 25mg b.i.d.
• Typical atrial flutter ablation
HR 100bpm
96/62mmHg
No pulmonary crackles
No leg edema
Adequate peripheral perfusion
No JVD
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• ECG
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Hospital admission (10 days)
• NYHA functional class II • Enalapril 10mg b.i.d. Sacubitril/Valsartan 24/26mg b.i.d.• Carvedilol / Ivabradine 25/5mg b.i.d.
HR 85bpm
104/60mmHg
NT-proBNP 301 pg/mL
sCR 1.19 mg/dL
eGFR (CKD-EPI) 65 mL/min/1.73
K+ 4.9 mmol/L
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Post-discharge visit
• NYHA functional class II• Sacubitril/Valsartan 49/51mg b.i.d.
NT-proBNP 271 pg/mL
sCR 1.3 mg/dL
eGFR (CKD-EPI) 59 mL/min/1.73
K+ 4.9 mmol/L
HR 62bpm
102/56mmHg
No pulmonary crackles
No leg edema
Adequate peripheral perfusion
No JVD
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• 2nd Visit
• NYHA functional class II• Continue medication
NT-proBNP 290 pg/mL
sCR 1.32 mg/dL
eGFR (CKD-EPI) 58 mL/min/1.73
K+ 5.1 mmol/L
HR 60bpm
94/52mmHg
No pulmonary crackles
No leg edema
Adequate peripheral perfusion
No JVD
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• 3 Months later…
• Cardiac CMR:• Dilated left ventricle with moderately depressed ejection fraction (33%);• Distal infero-lateral wall transmural LGE;• Slight septal midwall LGE.
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• ECG
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Clinical Case• Follow-up visit
• NYHA functional class I-II• ICD implant
NT-proBNP 326 pg/mL
sCR 1.2 mg/dL
eGFR (CKD-EPI) 64 mL/min/1.73
K+ 5.0 mmol/L
HR 64bpm
96/58mmHg
No pulmonary crackles
No leg edema
Adequate peripheral perfusion
No JVD
The complexity of the every day HFrEF patient João R. Agostinho, Inês Gonçalves, Cardiology Department, CHULN
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Thank you for your attention
Inês GonçalvesJoão R. Agostinho
@JoaoRAgostinho Serviço de Cardiologia,
Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CCUL, CAML,Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal