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De PREVEND HF à STOP CHF
Guillaume JONDEAU Department of Cardiology
Hôpital Bichat – Claude Bernard, AP-‐HP Université Paris VII – Denis Diderot
INSERM U-‐698 Paris, France
PREVEND HF (1)
• PrevenOon of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease: – Pour évaluer l’histoire naturelle de la micoralbuminurie – Groningen 28-‐75 ans: 8592 paOents 1997-‐1998
• EchanOllon urine du maOn : garde albumine > 10 mg/l » + selecOonne au hazard parmi < 10 mg/l
– Exclus si insuline ou grossesse
• 7579: microalbuminurie associée à aspect IDM ou ischémie sur ECG (Eur Heart J 2000;21:1922)
PREVEND HF (2) Eur Heart J 2013;34:1424
PREVEND HF (2) Eur Heart J 2013;34:1424
PREVEND HF (2) Eur Heart J 2013;34:1424
PREVEND HF (2) Eur Heart J 2013;34:1424
• Age : les 2 types d’insuffisance cardiaque – mais pEF > rEF
• NTProBNP : les 2 types d’insuffisance cardiaque – mais rEF > pEF
• Sexe : M: HFrEF, F: HFpEF • Tabac, HsTNT, previous LMI:
– rEF, not pEF
• AF, Urin Albumin, CystaOn C : – HFpEF not HFrEF
Conclusion PREVEND HF
Increase in BP with age
25 35 45 55 65 75 > 80
sBPdBP
Burt VL and al. Hypertension 1995;26:305-313
Young Old
Augmentation index
Kawaguchi CirculaOon 2003;107:714
I PRESERVE parameters associated with HF hospit or death
MR Zile, CirculaOon 2011;124:2491
Concentric remodeling WT/DD≥0.42 without hypertrophy
F Bursi, JAMA.2006;296:2209-2216
LVH LA size LA pressure
Extra-‐cardiac disease ? • Vessels
– ↑ Stiffness – // ↑ Stiffness heart – HTN;Diabetes;Age
– HYVET
• Kidney – Cardio-rénal syndrome – Salt and Water retention – Source of HTN
– Renal transplant decrease heart failure
64 % reduction
Patients at risk
placebo Ind SR
PaOent en insuffisance cardiaque à FE préservée
Bon contrôle tensionnel ? (MAPA si doute)
oui Non : Adapter traitement médicamenteux (IEC, diurétiques, Ical, BB) Évoquer sténose artère rénale
FA bien ralenOe ? (Holter si doute)
oui Non: BB, Ical ralentisseur, voire digoxine Si maladie oreillette, considérer PM
AltéraOon de la foncOon rénale ?
Nephroangiosclérose: Lasilix 40 mg/j Attention AINS
Hb normale ?
Non: Bilan martial, supplémentation au besoin
EducaOon thérapeuOque: ajenOon deshydrataOon, ajenOon surcharge sel
Suivi régulier avec évaluaOon TA, volémie, iono, urée créaOnine (BNP ne sert pas); adaptaOon des diuréOques
oui
EvaluaOon hydrataOon, adapter la dose de diuréOques
STOP CHF JAMA 2013 310 66
• MG Dublin, Ireland invité par mail et à une réunion pour inclure – >40 ans – 1 ATCD parmi:
• HTA, • Hyperchol, • BMI>30, • Maladie vasculaire, • Diabète, • Arythmie traitée, • Valvulopathie
Ttmt aggressif facteurs risque Coaching by nurse Cardio 1/an
From PREVEND HF to STOP CHF
De la prévenOon à la prévenOon: seul le bénéfice de la prévenOon est démontré!
Traiter HTA Eviter la FA
Et surtout Restez Jeunes!
Merci
TOPCAT AHA 2013 • 3500: hospit pour IC ou BNP > 150 (29%) >50 ans, FE>45%, Pas<140 (ou 160 si 3
jmts) – Sprironolactone 15-‐30-‐45 (mean 25)
• FEVG 56%, 52% F, 2/3 NYHA II,1/3III, 92% HTA, 59% CAD, FA 35%, K:4.3 • CV death, chronic HF (CHF) hospitalizaOon, or resuscitated cardiac arrest over 6
years was similar between the spironolactone and placebo arms (18.6% vs. 20.4%, hazard raOo = 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.77-‐1.04, p = 0.14).
• Individual components including CV mortality (9.3% vs. 10.2%. p = 0.35) and aborted cardiac arrest (3 vs. 5 events, p = 0.48) were similar between the two arms.
• CHF hospitalizaOons were lower (12.0% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.042); – all-‐hospitalizaOons were similar (p = 0.25).
• Hyperkalemia (18.7% vs. 9.1%, p < 0.001) and renal failure, defined as doubling of creaOnine >2 upper limit of normal were both significantly higher in the spironolactone arm
ONE disease ?
HTN vs no HTN Young vs. old HCM geneOc vs. not Ischemia vs. No ischemia Renal failure vs. No renal failure
Systole ?
Systolic funcOon indexes altered Either ↑ or ↓
Model of progressive abnormalities in left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic function underlying heart failure across the LV ejection fraction (EF) spectrum.
Shah A M , Solomon S D Eur Heart J 2012;33:1716-1717
Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2012. For permissions please email: [email protected]
Cioffi, Am J Cardiol 2012;109:383
N=120 N=120 N=60
SH : shortening
HFPEF effet of low dose dobu NORMAN J Cardiac Fail 2011;17:301-‐308
EvoluOon LVEF auer heart failure recogniOon Dunlay, Redfield Circ Heart Failure Nov 2012
• 1233 HF paOents • 48.3% male,
• mean age 75.0 years,
• mean follow-‐up 5.1 years),
• 559 (45.3%) HFpEF. • EF decreased by 5.8% over 5 years
(P<0.001) • greater declines in older individuals and
those with coronary disease.
• EF increased in HFrEF (average increase 6.9% over 5 years, P<0.001
These data suggest that progressive contracOle dysfuncOon may contribute to the pathophysiology of HFpEF
To be noOced
Both diastolic and systolic indexes are altered in paOents with systolic dysfunOon Systolic: EF, DTI mitral (S), strain, etc… Diastolic: LVEDP, LA size, diastolic compliance slope
HF PEF a cardiac disease ?
Difficult differentiate old normal heart from HF old heart…
Cioffi, Am J Cardiol 2012;109:383
Stress-corrected midwall shortening (sc-MS)
Heart not the main problem
Kramer Am H J 2000;140:451
90 patients with dilatation of renal artery FU: 18.4 months 56 bilateral stenosis 34 unilateral
23
33 4
30
Previous pulmonary oedema 41% vs 12%
Bilateral renal artery stenosis Am J Hypertens 1999;12:1–7
5
17
2
1
New pulmonary oedema after 23% vs 66%
2 early thrombosis 3 restenosis
HF PEF
• Not ONE disease • Abnormalities
– Diastole – Systole – Artèries – Kidney
• Disease of a patient, old…
• Beneficial therapy – Heart (ACEI, ARAII, BB…) : no – Arteries (HTN) – Kidney (transplantation, dilat renal arteries)
– Extra cardiac disease ?
N Engl J Med 2006;355:251-‐9
Une fois le diagnosOc
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