dc microgrid demonstration system at kit hakusan …may 24, 2019 kanazawa institute of technology...
TRANSCRIPT
May 24, 2019Kanazawa Institute of Technology (KIT), YOSHIO IZUI
NEDO World-wide DC Demo Seminar
DC Microgrid Demonstration System at KIT Hakusan-roku Campus for Regional Areas
2
Background
KIT Demonstration System
Conclusion
INDEX
https://www.unic.or.jp/files/sdg_logo_en_2.pdf
KIT are conducting our project based on SDSs
lExpansion of Solar systemlUtilization of surplus powerlBattery of stationary typelUtilization as battery of EV
General Factors Regional FactorslVarious renewable energy l Long distance distribution linelHeat usage at cold areaslMobility at depopulated areas
Microgrid System(Electric & power community model for regional re-creation)
lElectricity liberalizationlSDGs (Sustainable Development Goals)
Legal Factors & International Goals
Why Microgrid System at Regional Areas
3
Smart Technologies
Demand side resources
AI & IoT System of SystemsSatelliteMobilityBlock
Chain
VPP & DR xEMS
Energy Services
EnergySharing
Suppression of RES variation
Energy Resilience
Usage of Green Energy
Energy Services and Smart Technology for Microgrid
Learning
Power deliveryDC Heat
4
Why DC Systems for Microgrid (Merits of DC systems)①Reduction of
conversion loss
②Firewall for power fluctuation
③Resilience AC AC(3φ)
〜DC/AC
ACMicrogrid Fluctuation
〜〜ACDC DC
〜〜DC
Easy control Difficult control
④Deterioration diagnosis PV panel (DC)DC
5
6
Background
KIT Demonstration System- Objective
Conclusion
INDEX
Location of Kanazawa Institute of Technology (KIT)
Hakusan-roku campus of KIT
Ohgigaoka campus of KIT
Microgrid system (1st Step system)
7
Virtual Distribution Line
③ Constructed an advanced research and development-type social demonstration experiment platform originating from the region.
8
① Condensing Japan's 2050 small model from an energy point of view, utilizing the characteristics of the region, and achieving Society 5.0 for SDGs from the region
Final goal
②Demonstrate the energy base technology of the Japanese version of Stadtberg with heat + electricity
Objective of our DC Microgrid Demonstration Project
① Condensing Japan's 2050 small model from an energy point of view, utilizing the characteristics of the region, and achieving Society 5.0 for SDGs from the region
Final Goal
② Demonstrate the energy base technology of the Japanese version of Stadtberg with heat + electricity
③ Constructe an advanced research and development-type social demonstration experiment platform originating from the region.
Demonstration experiment platform
(1)-②③ (2019/3/12)
Ohgigaoka Campus
Bi-directional EV Charger
Biomass Power Generation
Electric heat cooperation
(1)-①DC System
(2018/10/15)
GeothermalSolar, WT BiomassSmall
Hydraulic
Production
Energy Harvest
Energy Share
Energy Independence
Demand
Energy Management Technology
DC
V2XBattery
Delivery & Storage
Hot Water
The image of DC Microgrid Demonatration System at KIT
9
①電気と熱を有機的に連携
① Thermo-electriccollaboration
② RES Best-mix
③レジリエンスと、エネルギー自由化時代の地産地消にあり方
③ Resilience
④ System of Systems for mobility, and DC
Solar WT
Weather dependent (fluctuating)
0 24time
gene
ratio
n (M
W)
lIn regional areas, many distributions of stable RESlBest-mix of weather dependent and Independent RES
Small hydraulic Geothermal Biomass
Weather independent (stable)
Distribution in regional areas
Best-mix of Renewable Energy Resources (RES) by DC Microgrid
10
KIT Innovation Hub
...
DC
CommercialGrid
Interconnection line
Share electricity and hot water mutual
Share electricity and hot water mutual
Black out
lSupply electricity and hot water by local productionlBiomass enables longer independent operation possible
Energy Resilience by DC Microgrid with Biomass System
Hot Water
AC/DC
Biomass
11
Ohgigaoka campusPhysically transport electricity using EV
Hakusan-roku campus
Collection and analysis of EV
driving dataVirtual distribution line
Drive time: 40minDistance: 30kmElevation: 281m
Virtual Distribution Line by DC Microgrid
Work place charging
12
13
冷・暖房回路切り替え
温⽔(暖)
冷⽔(涼)
交流(AC)系統
交流(AC)
直流(DC)
直流(DC)系統
太陽光発電システムや熱電発電などの創エネデバイスによりエネルギーハーベスティングする。
蓄エネデバイス(エネルギーの貯蔵)
リチウム電池や電気⼆重層キャパシタなどの蓄電デバイスをそれらの特徴を活かした最適運⽤を⾏う。(寿命、イニシャル・ランニングコスト、⾞載バッテリーの再利⽤)
DCリンク
DCスマートグリットを構成し、直流によるエネルギーの最適運⽤(創エネ・蓄エネ)を実現する
DC動⼒によるインパータ制御
熱搬送エネルギとしてDC電源を使⽤する。AC変換ロスと⼒率改善により⾼効率運転が実現出来る。
地下⽔熱の積極利⽤
年を通して16℃と安定した地下⽔を利⽤した空調システムを実現する。中間期、夏期の買電による電⼒使⽤量の極⼩化を⽬指す。
廃材焚き焼却炉ボイラ
学園内で発⽣した廃材を燃料としたボイラを設置し、既設貯湯槽からの熱供給をミニマム化させる。排熱は低温発電モジュールへ供給される。
温泉排熱によるヒートローディング・融雪
掛け流し温泉からの排湯によるヒートローディングや融雪に利⽤することで雪の無い駐⾞場や道路を⽬指す。
図書コモンズのゼロエミッション化
冬期はバイオマスボイラからの熱源を利⽤し、中間期、夏期は、地下⽔(年を通して16℃付近)を利⽤した空調によりゼロエミッションを⽬指す。照明や各種電源についてもDCリンクにより再⽣可能エネルギを利⽤する。
屋根雪熱回収
低温発電は温度差により発⽣するエネルギが変化するため、可能な限り温度差を取るため、低温回路として屋根雪滞雪部の地熱を回収する。
30〜50℃程度の低温領域からエネルギーを取り出すシステムの研究・開発を⾏う。⾼温側は、温泉熱、廃材焚きボイラ排熱を利⽤し、冷温側は地下熱を利⽤する。発電した電気は、DC BUSへ接続する。
浴場への熱搬送
追い炊き回路
既設油炊き温⽔ボイラ
既設暖房空調
既設貯湯槽
パイオマスボイラ
第1源泉槽(50㎥)
第2源泉槽(20㎥)
移送ポンプ
熱交換器
冷温⽔コイル式直膨空調機
LED照明DCコンセント
廃材焚き焼却炉ボイラ
温⽔ヒートポンプ
⾵呂濾過機
DC駆動/周波数制御
DC/DCCONVERTER
DC BUS
AC/DCCONVERTER
INVERTERFOR PUMP MOTOR
井⼾⽔150㍑/分
HEATING BUS
(将来)
雪は害ではなく、資源であるという発想。
温⽔焚吸収冷温⽔器
枯葉・枝⽵など廃材
オフグリッド
再⽣エネルギーと地下⽔を利⽤することで、商⽤電⼒に頼らない植物⼯場の運⽤を⽬指す。
DC BUSへ
スパ発電
瀬⼥温泉 新温泉(計画)
貯湯槽 ⾵呂浴槽
植物⼯場
ZEHエネルギーシェアー
⽊質チップを利⽤したバイオマスボイラ・発電を⾏う。電気ばかりでなく、燃焼熱についても⽔を媒体として回収し、既設油炊きボイラの稼働率を下げるための最適運⽤を実現する。
創エネ(ハーベスティング)
⼒⾏/回⽣
回⽣エネルギー回収
LiB/EDLC DC空調機 EV
EV
DC/DCCONVERTER
DC/DCCONVERTER
EV・ドローンワイヤレス給電
DC System
Hot Water Utilization
ドローン
EV Utilization(V2X)
System Configuration as the our final Goal
l Energy System Considering Regional Characteristics
Constructed at Hakusan-roku CampuslPlatform for Open Innovation
Social implementation of the empirical research widely
Community model platform for re-energized region including heat utilization
KIT Hakusan-roku campus Hokuriku region
Hakusan
City ACity B
Autonomous decentralization of energy including IoT and AI
utilization
To the whole of Japan
Development of the Japanese version of Stadtberge
throughout Japan
14
Development for Social Implementation
15
Background
KIT Demonstration System- Progress
Conclusion
INDEX
101102103104
(1)-⑤RES expansion・small wind turbine
(1)-② V2X・Bidirectional EV charge
(1)DC Microgrid (houses level)
(1)-④plural houses・thermo-electric sharing
DC
(1)-③ Thermo-electric・biomass system
Hot water pipe
KIT Innovation Hub
(2) -① Scale expansion・Large DC system・Large biomass・Binary generation・DC demand (direct)・plural V2X
(2)DC Microgrid system (building level)
DCHot water pipe(3)DC M
icrog
rid sy
stem
(Reg
ional
areas
)
(3) -① DC connection
(1)-① DC system・PV, Battery
The Roadmap of DC Microgrid Demonstration System at KIT
16
Hakusan-roku Campus
Cottage
The Photos of DC Microgrid Demonstration System at KIT
17
The Photos of DC Microgrid Demonstration System at KIT
Solar panels
DC
DC control system(Battery, PCS)
DC
Biomass system
DC Hot water
Bidirectional EV charger
DC (via AC)
18
Cottage101
PCSEVStationary
battery
EMS
SCU
The System Configuration of DC Microgrid Demonstration System
Heat energy share
Hot water pipe
PV
DC supply
DC bus
Stationary battery
PV
DC supply
Grid (AC)
AC/DC
Electric energy share
19
Water tank For generator
For boiler
Water supplyTap water
(Assuming well)
Heat recovery
Cooling
Biomass system
Staring engine (generation)
Hot water heater
Primary heating
Hot water supply
AC/DC
AC
Assist hearing
Air conditioner
〜
DC supplyRegional Wood
chip
TV
microwave
refrigerator
Distribution board (Echonet/Lite)
HUB
smartphone/PC Cloud/Server
Internet
PLC/Controller
HMI
The System Specification of DC Microgrid Demonstration System
Sub system Equipment SpecificationDC link system PV 1.76 kW
Battery (LIB) 7.4 kWhPCS 5.0 kWDC bus 340-360V (DC)
Biomass system Boiler 58 kW (50Mcal/h)5 m3/h
Stirling engine 7.1 kw (max)360 V (DC)
EV charger system*1
PV 5.0 kWBattery (LIB) 12.7 kWhPCS 6 kW
*1: Bidirectional, Connected to DC via AC grid20
The Control Panel of DC Electric Control SystemSystem configuration
Solar Biomass
Battery Demand
DC networks bus (360V)
Commercial
21
Solar radiation
DC Voltage
BatteryCharge & Discharge
DC Voltage
DC Current
Target Voltage(DC360V) Dead zone
Discharge when voltage drops
Charge when voltage rise
Autonomous control forcharge and discharge of battery
Advantages of DC System
Battery Charge and Discharge Control
local production for local consumption
Independent Operation(14.5 hours)
Solar Production
Remining Charge of Battery
Discharge of Battery
Remining Charge of EV
Discharge of EV
Grid
EVSolar
Battery
Independent Operation Control
Three Layer Hybrid Control Strategy for DC Microgrid
time
time
time
Cottage 1
Cottage 2
Cottage 3Biomass central
control(heat & electricity
scheduled operation)
DC distributed control(equal incremental
charge loading method)
Target voltage control for DC distributed
control
Weather & temperature
EV availability
Variable load
Base load
+
24
Equal Incremental Charge Loading Method(1/2)
25
𝑇# 𝑡 =𝐵# 𝑡𝐷# 𝑡
=𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐾𝑊ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑖 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐾𝑊ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑖 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡
∆𝑉#(𝑡) ==> ?@>(?)
∆𝑃#(𝑡)
DC enables easy distributed voltage control~ Similar to the classical Drooping control ~
Independent Operation Possible Time for cottage i at time t
B#
𝑇# 𝑡 → 𝑚𝑎𝑥
Maximize Independent Operation Possible Time for whole cottage at time t
Lagrange's undetermined methodVoltage Deviation Battery charge and
discharge
Equal Incremental Charge Loading Method(2/2)
26time
Cottage 2
time
Cottage 1
time
Cottage 3
∆𝑉#(𝑡)
∆𝑃#(𝑡)
𝛼#(𝑡) ==> ?@>(?)∆𝑉
∆𝑉#(𝑡)
∆𝑃#(𝑡)
𝛼#(𝑡) ==> ?@>(?)∆𝑉
∆𝑉#(𝑡)
∆𝑃#(𝑡)
𝛼#(𝑡) ==> ?@>(?)
∆𝑉
DC enables easy distributed voltage control~ Similar to the classical Drooping control ~
Middle DemandLarge Battery
Middle DemandSmall Battery
Middle DemandMiddle Battery
Middle Small Large
Regional wood chip
Biomass boiler
Hot water pipe
Hot water tank
Stirling engine(biomass generator; DC)
The Photos of Biomass Thermo-electric System
27
28
Operation of Biomass Thermo-electric System
Biomass System
Thermo-electric Collaboration by DC Microgrid① Utilizing energy efficiently by
combining heat and electricity
② Heat is stored in the hot water storage tank and time shifted
③ Independent operation for a longer period of time with biomass system
PVElectricity priority
biomassHeat storage
Heat priority
* Local production make it possible
* Storage of heat is relatively easy
* Both of storage battery and regional wood chip
Air conditionerHeat
Hot water heating
Electricity
+
PV Battery EV
Regionalwood chip
Biomass
29
Harvest
Processing
Distribution
Sales
Regional wood chip
Electricity Heat
Carbon neutral energy
Residual ash
Regional wood productization
Recycling model of regional wood chip at Hakusan-roku campus
Fertilizer
Production
Electric tool for forestry
DC(AC/DC)
AC
Re-activation of Regional Areas using Regional Wood Chip
Biomass system
Wood tank
30
31
BackgroundKIT Demonstration System
Conclusion- From Regional to Global
INDEX
https://www.unic.or.jp/files/sdg_logo_en_2.pdf
32
Cottage
Open Innovation Platform(DC Microgrid System)
Whole World, especially to Non-Electrified Areas
https://eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/55000/55167/earth_lights.jpg
The Expansion of DC Microgrid from Regional Areas to Global
First: Hokuriku AreasNext: Whole of Japan
Energy System Considering Regional Characteristics
(SDGs No.11: Sustainable Cities and Communities )
(SDGs No.9:Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure)
(SDGs No.7: Affordable and Clean Energy)
33