d.behr connectivity bottlenecks in zimbabwe- techzim
TRANSCRIPT
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Bottlenecks in Zimbabwean Bottlenecks in Zimbabwean
Connectivity
David Behr
10 May 201310 May 2013
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One Quick Solution
• Let’s get rid of the bottleneck right here right
now!now!
• For rest of day, we have a 10mbps link into
this conference
• Access it via ZOLspot
• Access Code is “nobottlenecks”• Access Code is “nobottlenecks”
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Familiar Phrases
• “you know I pay just £4.99 for 25mbps
broadband in London – and it works”broadband in London – and it works”
• “ISPs in Zimbabwe are just greedy pigs”
• “why is my service capped - that is so unfair”
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Initial Thoughts
• Who says there is a bottleneck?
• Is it because our “usage” is so much lower? • Is it because our “usage” is so much lower?
Penetration?
• Is broadband cost as a % of GNI so low?
• What is optimal speed? 10mbps? 100mbps?
1gbps?1gbps?
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Cost Dropping and Capacity Increasing
– dramatically!
• ZOL turned off satellite only 2 years ago!
• Satellite was between $1,000 and $2,750 per • Satellite was between $1,000 and $2,750 per mbps (simplex)
• First fibre was PowerTel in March 2010 but was more expensive than satellite
• Liquid Telecom fibre started in January 2011 and for the first time an all-fibre network was viablefor the first time an all-fibre network was viable
• Just over 2 years later, ZOL buys 8 times as much capacity at 1/6th of the average price
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Take a Guess
• What is (by far) the largest type or application
in terms of bandwidth today in USA?in terms of bandwidth today in USA?
• What time of day is busiest in USA or Zim?
• What percentage of total capacity do the of
lightest 50% of users consume?
• What % do the heaviest 1% consume?• What % do the heaviest 1% consume?
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Internet Applications
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Top Applications
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Time of Day Usage
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Heaviest/Lightest Users
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Some Questions to Ponder
1. Where is the Internet? What’s it doing
there?there?
2. Where are the customers anyway?
3. Where is the money?
4. Where are the innovative providers?
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Where is the Internet? What’s it doing
there?
• It’s not in Zimbabwe! Try USA/EU
• Internet cost is not shared like telephone cost• Internet cost is not shared like telephone cost
• How do we bring it here?
– Local content
– CDNs
– Caching– Caching
• There is no sea. Why didn’t we get any?
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Where are the customers anyway?
• This isn’t New York city!
• Customers relatively spread-out• Customers relatively spread-out
• Getting permissions to lay cable and dig roads
is hard
• Very high unemployment, very low GNI
• Very low disposable income• Very low disposable income
• Far more price sensitive than quality or speed
sensitive
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Where is the money?
• This is a massively capital intensive business
• Fibre cable is the only solution• Fibre cable is the only solution
• Requires foreign investment and expertise
• Zimbabwe is not exactly known for
friendliness to investors, nor stability
• Good news is POTRAZ receives about $75m a • Good news is POTRAZ receives about $75m a
year and about half goes to USF
• Some companies are investing
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Where are the innovative ISPs?
• ISPs are so boring!
• Even the new ones come out with boring • Even the new ones come out with boring
packages
• Nothing has dramatically changed in the way
Internet is packaged and sold for 10 years
• Time is ripe for a shake up – and it is coming!• Time is ripe for a shake up – and it is coming!
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What is Solved?
• Connecting to sea – done in 3 directions
• Connecting around and between major metro • Connecting around and between major metro
areas – done with multiple rings and backhauls
• Connecting to any town – done by end of year
• “Harare Drive” of fibre done – 100gb/s ring
• DWDM upgrades in progress • DWDM upgrades in progress
• The big highways done but we’d all like some
money back!
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Still to Solve
• Local distribution is by far our biggest problem
• If the highways are all 20-lane smooth tar, • If the highways are all 20-lane smooth tar,
then local roads full of pot-holes – or not even
tarred yet!
• Local content or at least content stored locally
• More investment, better GNI, more • More investment, better GNI, more
employment
• How do we compress time?
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Access Technology Debate
• There is only one access technology that can deliver the capacity needed:deliver the capacity needed:
FIBRE FIBRE FIBRE• Don’t listen to anyone tries to tell you otherwise
– they don’t get it!
• Copper – distance, theft, age
• Wireless – are you kidding me?• Wireless – are you kidding me?
• About 80% of all data consumed is done at home or work (and almost all the rest is via 3 base stations)
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Fibre vs Copper vs Wireless
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FTTH and GPON
• Future-proof ducting and fibre run to every
homehome
• Multiple cores for future services
• GPON – passive – no power cuts
• Easy to upgrade active components
• Starting at 2.5gbps downstream per 64-128 • Starting at 2.5gbps downstream per 64-128
homes – that’s at least 20mbps guaranteed
per house
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Let’s Break some Bottles QuickTechZim FB Comments
• Nqobile Ncube Run an unencumbered wifi spot
at Plumtree border post.
• Anthony Somerset I'd show companies like
ZOL Solutions
• We will deploy a hotspot at Plumtree in June, if Nqobile will help us manage it
• Anthony Somerset I'd show companies like
telone how to run an ISP properly and start a
local Datacentre for people to host
servers/websites
• Qda Siyaneliso Murungu Host my website in-
house and also host my clients websites and
emails
• James Ritala I'd setup an Internet WIFI Hotspot
in my neighborhood so all the school kids,
Varsity & Collegei students and even madhara
madhara can do all their research on the
• Anthony – save your energy on TelOne, come use our datacentre – we will give you free space
• Oda – we’ll give you 50 sites and domains free hosting for 2 years to get you started
• James – tell us where, we will install it
• Enycourse – we are partnering with a madhara can do all their research on the
internet freely.
• Enycourse Ziira i would introduce free internet
cafes in rural schools across the country and
elearning centres in all marginalised places in
the country
• Chakanetsa Simango Downloading and
streaming TED videos.
• Enycourse – we are partnering with a company right not to do this
• Chakanetsa – I love TED too – we’ll make them free on ZOL when our NGN goes live
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Thank You!
• Questions?