day 9 geo time scale
TRANSCRIPT
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Geologic Time Scale- 10/18/11Bell Ringer-How old do you think the Earth is, according to
geologists?2. How old do you think life is, according to
geologists?3. What is the law of superposition? What does
this law say?
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Geologic Time Scale- 10/18/11
Make a timeline of your lifeInclude At least 5 major
(important) events
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THE EARTH IS POWERFUL • As you watch this, imagine you are inside this
building in Japan.– How would it feel to be there?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pytPBwY0Sw8&feature=BFa&list=PL3F819A227D58B74F&lf=results_main
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THE EARTH IS OLD• Each table has a list of @’s on it. • 2,000 @ signs on this paper, 50 per row.
• Starting at the top left, label as many @ signs as you can with events of the past 2,000 years in 5 minutes:
• Your birthday• Your parent’s/grandparents’ birth years• Historical years you remember (1969, 1945, 1776, etc.)
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Examples: Important Dates
• 1969- Moon Landing• 1955- Polio Vaccine• 1945- end of WWII• 1912- Titanic Sinks• 1860- Start of Civil War• 1674- Bacteria are first seen by people• 476- Roman Empire Collapses
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THE EARTH IS 4.6 BILLION years old!
• How many reams of paper would you need, full of “@” signs, to count up 4.6 billion years??
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FIND OUT HOW GEOLOGIC TIME LOOKS… in paper!
Event # of Years Ago
Reams or Sheets of Paper
Last ice age ended. 10,000
All dinosaurs are extinct 65 million
Appalachian Mountains formed.
460 million
Algae developed. 1 billion
Unicellular organisms appeared.
3.5 billion
Earth formed. 4.6 billion
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Testable Question
• What is an extinction? What are the major causes of causes of extinctions?
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Research/Background Info• Extinction: when a species (plant or animal)
disappears from Earth;–99.9% of all species that have ever lived are
now extinct!• Mass extinction: large numbers of species
die out in a short time
• Almost all extinctions are caused by environmental change
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THE EARTH IS POWERFUL • As you watch this, imagine you are inside this
building in Chile.– How would it feel to be there?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqkQbAAYsnI&feature=related
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Data Collection/Analysis
• Create a picture for each of the 8 natural causes of species extinctions in your notebook
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Data Collection/Analysis• Natural events that cause extinctions:– Increase/decrease in temperature– Increase/decrease in rainfall–Volcanic eruption– Earthquake– Flooding/drought– Shifting land or sea–Change in food supply–New predator or disease
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Data Analysis
Write Time! (In your notebook, write at least 3 sentences)
• What cause(s) do you think is responsible for the extinction of the dinosaurs?
• What is the cause of all natural species extinctions (including the dinosaurs)?
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Experiment
• Extinction of the Dinosaurs! Video clip• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4COsg8o02Q&feature=watch_response_rev
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Testable Question
• What is the Geologic Time Scale? How is it organized?
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Research/Background Information• Geologic Time Scale: timeline that
organizes the events in Earth’s history• Today's Calendar:– Year, Month, Week, Day
• Geologic Time Scale:– Eon, Era, Period, Epoch
• Separated by major events: Mass extinctions, development of many new species…
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
• The Geologic Time Scale is the calendar of Earth’s history, organized by important events (extinctions, development of life).
• We are going to draw one!
• DRAW A LONG LINE ACROSS YOUR PAGE
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE• In a timeline, we put the oldest date on the
left and the newest on the right.• The GTS starts at 4.6 bya (billion years ago)
• ADD “4.6bya- Earth forms” to your timeline
4.6
bya-
Eart
h
form
s
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE• At about 4bya, prokaryotes (bacteria!) appear in
oceans.
• ADD “4.0 bya- First prokaryotes” to your timeline
4.6
bya-
Eart
h
form
s4.0
bya-
Fir
st
Pro
kary
ot
es
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE• For 4 billions years, life was too small and soft to
make fossils. • This time of little fossils from 4.6bya-542 mya is the
Precambrian.ADD “PRECAMBRIAN” above your timeline, until 542
mya
4.6
bya-
Eart
h f
orm
s4.0
bya-
Fir
st
Pro
kary
ot
es
PRECAMBRIAN
542m
ya:
hard
fo
ssils!
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE• The Paleozoic Era was when fish, forests, and
reptiles appeared (542mya-251mya)
4.6
bya-
Eart
h
form
s4.0
bya-
Fir
st
Pro
kary
ot
es
PRECAMBRIAN
542m
ya:
hard
fo
ssils!
Paleozoic Era
251m
ya:
big
exti
nct
ion
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE• The Mesozoic Era was when dinosaurs appeared
(251mya-65 mya)
4.6
bya-
Eart
h
form
s4.0
bya-
Fir
st
Pro
kary
ot
es
PRECAMBRIAN
542m
ya:
hard
fo
ssils!
Paleozoic
251m
ya:
big
exti
nct
ion
65 m
ya:
end
din
osa
urs
Mesozoic
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE• The Cenozoic Era was when mammals thrived.• Humans appeared about 500,000 years ago.
4.6
bya-
Eart
h
form
s4.0
bya-
Pro
kary
ote
sPRECAMBRIAN
542m
ya:
hard
fo
ssils!
Paleozoic
251m
ya:
big
exti
nct
ion
65 m
ya:
end
din
osa
urs
MesozoicCenozoic
500,0
00
ya, firs
t hum
ans
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Analysis:
• When you tell someone that something happened a long time ago, how does your version of a long time ago compare to the Earth’s geologic time?
• How does the time humans have spent on Earth
compare to geologic time as a whole?
• Have we been here a long portion of geologic time or only a small period of time? Justify your answer.
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Exit TickET EOG Question
• The geologic time scale is divided by major changes or events such as:
A.mass extinctionsB.the development of one new speciesC.the extinction of one speciesD.a small temperature change
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Experiment
• In what Period did the first dinosaurs appear?
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Review
• How do scientists divide Earth's History on the GTS?
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Review
• During what Period did the first insects appear?
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Review
• In what Epoch do we live in?
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Review
• List the Eras in order from most recent to oldest.
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Experiment
• In what Epoch did mammals become abundant?
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Experiment
• What type of organisms first lived on Earth?
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Experiment
• In what Period could you first pick a bouquet of flowers?
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Experiment
• How many years ago did the first fish live on Earth?
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Review
• What happened 360 million years ago?
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Review
• During what Eon did multi-cellular organisms evolve?
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Review
• In what period did the first insects live?
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Review
• How many years ago did the first amphibian live on Earth?