Dawn of the Industrial Age

Chapter 7 Section 1

pp. 196-198

#1a Charles Townshend• Lord in England that urged farmers to

grow turnips to help restore minerals in exhausted fields.

#1b Jethro Tull

• Invented a seed drill, placing seeds in a row rather than scattering them around

#1c Thomas Newcomen• 1712 created a steam engine powered by

coal to pump water out of mines

#1d James Watt• 1769 improved Newcomen’s engine, Watt’s engine

was one of the keys to the Industrial Revolution, also figured HORSE POWER [1 horse could pull 180lbs so that’s a 1 hp engine]

• Used coal to melt iron to separate iron from its ore, and improved coal used to melt metal so there were fewer impurities

#1e Abraham Darby

#2a Anesthetic• A drug that prevents pain during medical

procedures– First used by American Dentist Horace Wells??

[Additional]--- Antiseptic

• Product used to stop the spread of germs during hospital stays, today used everywhere– First used by Dr. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis in Hungary

#2c Smelt

• Separating iron from its ore, basically to melt metal

#2b Enclosure

• The process of closing in pastures or fields with fences, used as early as the 1500s in Britain