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Yazdani, Maryam Roza; Duimovich, Nicola; Tiraferri, Alberto; Laurell, Panu; Borghei,Maryam; Zimmerman, Julie B.; Vahala, RikuDataset for natural organic matter treatment by tailored biochars

Published in:Data in Brief

DOI:10.1016/j.dib.2019.104353

Published: 01/08/2019

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Published under the following license:CC BY-NC-ND

Please cite the original version:Yazdani, M. R., Duimovich, N., Tiraferri, A., Laurell, P., Borghei, M., Zimmerman, J. B., & Vahala, R. (2019).Dataset for natural organic matter treatment by tailored biochars. Data in Brief, 25, [104353].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.104353

Data in brief 25 (2019) 104353

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Data in brief

journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/locate/dib

Data Article

Dataset for natural organic matter treatment bytailored biochars

Maryam Roza Yazdani a, *, Nicola Duimovich b,Alberto Tiraferri b, Panu Laurell c, Maryam Borghei d,Julie B. Zimmerman e, f, Riku Vahala c

a Energy Conversion Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, AaltoUniversity, P.O. Box 14400, FI-00076 AALTO, Finlandb Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, CorsoDuca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italyc Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, School ofEngineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, FI-00076 AALTO, Finlandd Molecular Engineering of Bio-synthetic Materials Research Group, Department of Bio-products and Bio-systems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 AALTO, Finlande Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511,United Statesf School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511,United States

a r t i c l e i n f o

Article history:Received 28 June 2019Received in revised form 23 July 2019Accepted 26 July 2019Available online 2 August 2019

Keywords:Natural organic matterAdsorptionDesorptionBiocharCharacterization

DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/* Corresponding author.

E-mail address: roza.yazdani@aalto.fi (M.R. Yaz

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.1043532352-3409/© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevcreativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

a b s t r a c t

The dataset presented here are collected for tailoring biocharsfrom pinecone biomass through chemical modification for theadsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) from lake water. Thedata includes schematics, figures and tables. The characterizationof biomass and tailored biochars by Brunauer, Emmett and Tellersurface area measurement (BET), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) along with the adsorption ofNOM from lake water by the tailored bichars and the desorptionusing alkaline solution are provided. This is complimentary datasetfor the experimental set-up and data gathered related to the article[1] on biochar fabrication and lake water treatment. See this article[1] for further information and discussion.

© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an openaccess article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://

creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

j.molliq.2019.111248.

dani).

ier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://

Specifications Table

Subject area Environmental ChemistryMore specific subject area Biochar fabrication and water treatment though adsorption processType of data Table, image, graph, figureHow data was acquired Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface area measurement (BET) (Tristar II-Micromeritics

USA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (TA instruments e TGA Q500 USA), energydispersive X-ray (EDX) (JEOL JSM-7500FA analytical field emission scanning electronmicroscope), adsorption and desorption batch experiments, spectrophotometer (UV-1201 Shimadzu)

Data format Raw and analyzedExperimental factors Adsorbent dosage, pH, desorption and re-adsorption percentageExperimental features Adsorption batch tests were conducted to collect NOM adsorption data in different

water pH. Desorption data were gathered through batch experiments with deionizedwater, 3 mM NaOH, and 30 mM NaOH

Data source location Lake water samples were collected from Lake Pitk€aj€arvi, Espoo, Finland (60� 150 10.800 N,24� 440 49.200 E)

Data accessibility Data is with this article [1]Related research article M. R. Yazdani, N. Duimovich, A. Tiraferri, P. Laurell, M. Borghei, J. B. Zimmerman, R.

Vahala, Tailored mesoporous biochar sorbents from pinecone biomass for theadsorption of natural organic matter from lake water, J. Mol. Liq. 291 (2019) 111248 [1]

Value of the data� This dataset is complimentary for experimental design and data gathered for the article [1] on biochar fabrication and lake

water treatment� It provides the steps involved in tailoring biochar from biomass� BET and TGA and EDX data for characterizing the tailored biochars and biomass� NOM desorption data from the spent biochar using alkaline solutions and NOM reabsorption data by the regenerated

biochar from the lake water� Further illustrations for the readers of this article [1].

M.R. Yazdani et al. / Data in brief 25 (2019) 1043532

1. Data

Two methods illustrated in Fig. 1 were used to tailor four types of biochars, see for the completefabrication process in Ref. [1]. The absorbance data measured for lake water samples was converted toconcentration data using the CODMn calibration curve, depicted in Fig. 2. Thermogravimetric analysis ofthe pinecone biomass measured by TGA is displayed in Fig. 3a. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption iso-therms for pinecone biomass and pristine biochar are given in Fig. 3b. Fig. 3c shows the EDX analysis ofthe tailored biochar (TB-N-I) [1]. Fig. 4a illustrates the optimized adsorbent dose for NOM adsorptionfrom lake water by the tailored biochars. The shift of pH for the batch solutions before and afteradsorptionwith optimized adsorbent under 24 h contact time and room temprature is given in Fig. 4b.The desorption data using alkaline solutions and re-adsorption kinetics of NOM from lake water bytailored biochar (TB-N-I) [1] are given in Fig. 5 a and b, respectively.

2. Experimental design, materials and methods

Lake water samples were collected from Lake Pitk€aj€arvi in Espoo, Finland. The concentration ofNOM was calculated via UV absorbance measurement on a UV-1201 Shimadzu-spectrophotometer(254 nm wavelength). Table 1 compiles the kinetic and isotherm models used for modeling kineticsand isotherm of NOM adsorption, see for more discussion in Ref. [1]. The materials were characterizedby Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface area measurement (BET) (Tristar II-Micromeritics USA),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (TA instruments e TGA Q500 USA), and energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) (JEOL JSM-7500FA analytical field emission scanning electron microscope) [1]. Adsorption anddesorption batch experiments were conducted on a shaker (150 rpm) at room temperature. The

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of steps involved in tailoring mesoporous biochars from pinecone biomass for NOM adsorption fromlake water.

Fig. 2. Lake water calibration curve.

M.R. Yazdani et al. / Data in brief 25 (2019) 104353 3

Fig. 3. a) Thermogravimetric analysis of the pinecone biomass. b) Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms for raw materials(biomass and pristine biochar). c) EDX analysis of TB-N-I (note that the negligible amount of silicon in EDX data was due to itsmigration from quartz tube during the fabrication).

Fig. 4. a) Optimized adsorbent dose for NOM adsorption from lake water by the tailored biochars. b) The shift of pH for the batchsolutions before and after adsorption (Experimental condition: optimized adsorbent dose; 24 h contact time; room temprature; lakewater).

M.R. Yazdani et al. / Data in brief 25 (2019) 1043534

adsorbent dose was optimized within the range 0.1e1 g/L. The shift of pH was observed by adjustingthe solution pH at values 2, 4, 8, and 10 using HCl and NaOH. The solution pH was re-measured afteradsorption. After the desired contact time, the solutions were filtrated through Sartorius Minisart 0.45mm filters for the CODMn concentrationmeasurement. The desorption datawere determinedwith threedesorption solutions, deionized water, 3 mM NaOH, and 30 mM NaOH at several time intervals frombelow 1 min to 24 h.

Fig. 5. Desorption (a) and re-adsorption (b) kinetics of NOM from lake water onto TB-N-I at room temperature.

Table 1Kinetic and isotherm models used for studying kinetics and isotherm of NOM adsorption.

Kinetics models

Pseudo-first order (non-linear) [2] Pseudo-second order (non-linear) [3] Intra-particle diffusion [4]

qt ¼ qeð1 � e�k1tÞqt ¼ k2q2e t

1þ k2qetqt ¼ kidt

1=2 þ C

Isotherm models

Freundlich (non-linear) [5] Langmuir (non-linear) [6] Sips (non-linear) [7]

qe ¼ KFC1=ne qe ¼ qLKLCe

1þ KLCeqe ¼ qSKSCe

nS

1þ KSCenS

Determination coefficient Normalized standard deviation [8]

R2 ¼Pp

i¼1ðqe � qcÞ2Ppi¼1ðqe � qcÞ þ

Ppi¼1ðqe þ qcÞ Dq ¼

ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiP½ðqe � qcÞ=qe�2n� 1

s

qt: adsorbate uptake (mg/g) at time t (min), qe: the uptake of adsorbate at equilibrium, k1: rate constant of pseudo-first order, k2:rate constant of pseudo-second order, kid: intra-particle diffusion rate constant (mg/min1/2 g), C: intercept, n: adsorption in-tensity KF: empirical constant of Freundlich ((mg/g)/(mg/L)1/n), qL: maximum monolayer adsorption capacity, KL: equilibriumconstant related to adsorption rate (L/mg), qS: Sips maximum adsorption capacity (mg/g), KS: Sips equilibrium constant ([L/mg]ns), and nS: Sips model exponent, qc: calculated equilibrium uptake, and qe: experimental equilibrium uptake (mg/g).

M.R. Yazdani et al. / Data in brief 25 (2019) 104353 5

Acknowledgements

We thank Aino Peltola for her help with NOM measurements at analytical water laboratory, AaltoUniversity. The first author would like to acknowledge the financial support from Doctoral School ofAalto University and Foundation for Aalto University Science and Technology.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relation-ships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

References

[1] M.R. Yazdani, N. Duimovich, A. Tiraferri, P. Laurell, M. Borghei, J.B. Zimmerman, R. Vahala, Tailored mesoporous biocharsorbents from pinecone biomass for the adsorption of natural organic matter from lake water, J. Mol. Liq. 291 (2019) 111248.

[2] S. Lagergren, About the theory of so-called adsorption of soluble substances, Kungliga Svenska VetenskapsakademiensHandlingar 24 (4) (1898) 1e39.

[3] Y.S. Ho, G. McKay, Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes, Process Biochem. 34 (5) (1999) 451e465.

M.R. Yazdani et al. / Data in brief 25 (2019) 1043536

[4] W.J. Weber, J.C. Morris, Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, J. San. Eng. Div. Proc. Anal. Soc. Civil Eng. 89 (1963)31e60.

[5] I. Langmuir, The constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 38 (1916) 2221e2295.[6] H.M.F. Freundlich, Over the adsorption in solution, Z. Physik. Chem. A57 (1906) 358e471.[7] R. Sips, On the structure of a catalyst surface, J. Chem. Phys. 16 (1948) 490e495.[8] M.R. Yazdani, A. Bhatnagar, R. Vahala, Synthesis, characterization and exploitation of nano-TiO2/feldsparembedded chitosan

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