DatabaseDatabase

Learning about DatabasesLearning about Databases

What is a Database?

A Database is an organized collection of related

information

Unorganized Information is Unorganized Information is meaningless and difficult to use…meaningless and difficult to use…

Demon Deacons

NC StateUNC-CH

MarylandFlorida StateTiger

s

Wolfpack

Clemson

Georgia TechYellojacket

s

While While Organized DataOrganized Data is easy to is easy to understand.understand.

Team NameTeam Name ClemsonClemson DukeDuke Florida StateFlorida State Georgia TechGeorgia Tech MarylandMaryland UNC-CHUNC-CH VirginiaVirginia Wake ForestWake Forest

MascotMascot TigersTigers Blue DevilsBlue Devils SeminolesSeminoles Yellow JacketsYellow Jackets TerrapinsTerrapins WolfpackWolfpack CavaliersCavaliers Demon DeaconsDemon Deacons

Print Databases that we are familiar Print Databases that we are familiar with include:with include:

Telephone DirectoriesTelephone Directories

Address BooksAddress Books

Encyclopedias & DictionariesEncyclopedias & Dictionaries

Computerized Databases you may Computerized Databases you may familiar with include:familiar with include:

C-ROM Encyclopedias

Automated Card Catalog

SIMS (Student Information Management System)

Who uses Computerized Who uses Computerized Databases in the real world?Databases in the real world?

Stores use them to keep track of inventory

Travel Agents can keep up with their customers and reservations

Hospitals track patient information

Advantages of Computerized Advantages of Computerized DatabasesDatabases

Can find a specific file quicklyCan find a specific file quickly Can alphabetize and sort data faster than Can alphabetize and sort data faster than

most peoplemost people Is as accurate as the data that is enteredIs as accurate as the data that is entered Can make many different types of reportsCan make many different types of reports

Parts of a database

1. Fields-categories of information

Parts of a database3. Record-all of the information about one item. (such as tablets)

Parts of a database4. File-document or all of the records

Parts of a database

2. Entry-data in a field

Ascending Descending

• A-Z • 0-9 • lowest • shortest • least • fewest • smallest • youngest • slowest

• Z-A • 9-0 • highest • tallest • most • greatest • largest • oldest • fastest

DatabasesDatabases

Using the States Database

Creating a DatabaseCreating a Database

Creating a database involves setting up the file from its Creating a database involves setting up the file from its beginning. Click on File, then New. You will then add beginning. Click on File, then New. You will then add Field Names with the appropriate data type. Field Names with the appropriate data type.

Create a file with three field names by clicking on Insert Create a file with three field names by clicking on Insert Field Name and typing: Last Name (text), First Name Field Name and typing: Last Name (text), First Name (text) and Age (Whole Number).(text) and Age (Whole Number).

Insert two records of data by clicking on Insert, Record Insert two records of data by clicking on Insert, Record and typing: Your last name, first name, and age as the and typing: Your last name, first name, and age as the first record.first record.

Insert, record, again, and enter a friends last name, first Insert, record, again, and enter a friends last name, first name, and age.name, and age.

Open NCDesk then the database file, States.ncdt, to Open NCDesk then the database file, States.ncdt, to practice the following tutorial exercises. It will look practice the following tutorial exercises. It will look something like this when you open the file.something like this when you open the file.

SORTSORT

SortSortSortingSorting a database rearranges the entries in ascending a database rearranges the entries in ascending or descending order according to one field.or descending order according to one field.Example: What state or territory has the largest area?Example: What state or territory has the largest area?

How do we How do we sortsort something? something?Click on Click on DataData, then , then Sort, Sort, thenthen Ascending Ascending or single-click or single-click the button if you would like to sort in alphabetical order the button if you would like to sort in alphabetical order A-Z or numerical order 1-9.A-Z or numerical order 1-9.Click on Click on Data, Data, then then Sort, Sort, then then Descending Descending or single-or single-click the button if you would like to sort the reverse of click the button if you would like to sort the reverse of alphabetical order Z-A or reverse of numerical order 9-1.alphabetical order Z-A or reverse of numerical order 9-1.

SORTSORTChoose Ascending or

Descending

SORTSORT Try these.Try these.

1. Chris Rock wants to buy a small state or territory. 1. Chris Rock wants to buy a small state or territory. What are the two smallest states or territories for Chris What are the two smallest states or territories for Chris Rock to buy?Rock to buy?________________________________________________________________________________________2. Sleepy the dwarf likes to sleep and will live only 2. Sleepy the dwarf likes to sleep and will live only states or territories that start with the letter “W.” Where states or territories that start with the letter “W.” Where can Sleepy live?can Sleepy live?__________________________________________________________________________________________3. Imagine that Papa John has a son called Lazy John 3. Imagine that Papa John has a son called Lazy John who doesn’t like to make pizza. Lazy John wants to who doesn’t like to make pizza. Lazy John wants to work in a state in the United States with a small work in a state in the United States with a small population. Where should he work? population. Where should he work? ________________________________________________________________________________________

FilterFilter

FilterFilter questions ask for database entries that match one specific piece of questions ask for database entries that match one specific piece of information.information.

Example: What states or territories have a population less than 500,000?Example: What states or territories have a population less than 500,000?

How do we How do we FILTERFILTER something? something?Click on Click on THE FILTER BUTTON!THE FILTER BUTTON!

In the window that pops up, specify what you are looking for. For In the window that pops up, specify what you are looking for. For example, if you want to find all states and territories with a example, if you want to find all states and territories with a population less than 500,000 do the following:population less than 500,000 do the following:

Click on drop down box under field and enter Click on drop down box under field and enter PopulationPopulation..

Then click on the drop down box under Comparison and enter less Then click on the drop down box under Comparison and enter less than <.than <.

Type Type 500000500000 in the box under Compare To and click on in the box under Compare To and click on FILTERFILTER..

FILTERFILTER

To get all of the entries back, click on To get all of the entries back, click on CLEAR THE FILTER CLEAR THE FILTER button.button.

FilterFilter

Try these.Try these.

Aliens only visit areas that were established in 1912. Aliens only visit areas that were established in 1912. Where should we go to see aliens? Where should we go to see aliens? __________________________________________________________________________________________

Woodchucks can only chuck wood in areas that have July Woodchucks can only chuck wood in areas that have July temperatures greater than 50 degrees. Where can temperatures greater than 50 degrees. Where can woodchucks chuck wood?woodchucks chuck wood?__________________________________________________________________________________________

AND/OR SEARCHESAND/OR SEARCHES

AND/OR searchesAND/OR searches are used when you are used when you want information about more than one want information about more than one field.field.

Example: What states or territories were Example: What states or territories were founded after 1900 and have a population founded after 1900 and have a population less than 300,000?less than 300,000?

AND/OR SEARCHESAND/OR SEARCHES How do we do an AND/OR search?How do we do an AND/OR search?

Click on Click on Filter.Filter.

In the window that pops up, fill in information for field, comparison In the window that pops up, fill in information for field, comparison and compare to. Then the first drop down on the second line should and compare to. Then the first drop down on the second line should be filled in with either AND/OR depending on the question. For the be filled in with either AND/OR depending on the question. For the above question we would choose AND. Then continue with the line above question we would choose AND. Then continue with the line and fill in information for the field, comparison and the compare to.and fill in information for the field, comparison and the compare to.You box should look like the following:You box should look like the following:

OR searches are the same way except change AND to OR.OR searches are the same way except change AND to OR.

AND/OR SEARCHESAND/OR SEARCHES Try these.Try these.

Crazy Joe wants to start an outdoor Ice Hockey Team in the U.S. Crazy Joe wants to start an outdoor Ice Hockey Team in the U.S. and has to choose which state his team will play for. The state must and has to choose which state his team will play for. The state must have a average temperature of 40 degrees have a average temperature of 40 degrees andand it a high point of at it a high point of at least 20,000. Where can Joe start his team?least 20,000. Where can Joe start his team?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

You have won a contest in which you are given money to build your You have won a contest in which you are given money to build your own amusement park but there is one small catch. You have to own amusement park but there is one small catch. You have to either develop the park in areas with populations less than 100,000 either develop the park in areas with populations less than 100,000 oror areas that have been founded later than 1850. How many areas areas that have been founded later than 1850. How many areas qualify?qualify?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Some other questions to trySome other questions to try

Crazy Joe’s hockey team didn’t work out Crazy Joe’s hockey team didn’t work out so he’s back with a new plan. Joe is going so he’s back with a new plan. Joe is going to start a year-round basketball street to start a year-round basketball street league so the temperature has to be league so the temperature has to be warmer than 70 degrees and the warmer than 70 degrees and the temperature has to be less than 85 temperature has to be less than 85 degrees. Where degrees. Where in the U.S.in the U.S. can Joe play can Joe play ball?ball?____________________________________________________________________

Some other questions to trySome other questions to try

Let’s learn about good ol’ Minnesota.Let’s learn about good ol’ Minnesota.

What is the capital? ____________________________What is the capital? ____________________________

What is the average temperature? ________________What is the average temperature? ________________

What is the high point? _________________________What is the high point? _________________________

What is the low point? __________________________What is the low point? __________________________

Some other questions to trySome other questions to try

You get to plan another trip and this time You get to plan another trip and this time you get to visit two cities. You decide to you get to visit two cities. You decide to visit the capitals of the oldest and visit the capitals of the oldest and youngest states. Where are you going?youngest states. Where are you going?____________________________________________________________________